2020-2021年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Music 40页

2020-2021 年高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 Music 【核心素养分析】 语言知识 ：要求考生掌握并能运用英语词汇、语法基础知识以及所学话题。 1.考纲内要掌握的词汇、短语和句型 项目 单词及其词性变化（语法填空必备） 重点单词 1．roll vt. & vi. 滚动；(使)摇摆 n．摇晃；卷；卷形物；面包圈 2．pretend vt.假装；假扮 3．attach vt. & vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接 4．form vt.(使)组成；形成；构成 5．earn vt.赚；挣得；获得 6．instrument n．工具；器械；乐器 7．passer by n．过路人；行人→ (pl.) 8．perform vt. & vi.表演；履行；执行→performance n．表演；演奏 9．broadcast n．广播；播放 vi. & vt.广播；播放 10．humorous_ adj.幽默的→humor n．幽默 11．familiar adj.熟悉的；常见的；亲近的 12．attractive adj.吸引人的；有吸引力的→attract vt.吸引→attraction n．吸引，吸引力 13．afterwards adv.然后；后来 14．sensitive adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的 15．confident adj.自信的；确信的→confidence n．自信 重点短语 1．dream of 梦见；梦想 2．to be honest 说实在的 3．attach...to 附上；认为有(意义) 4．in cash 用现金 5．play jokes on 戏弄 6．rely on 依靠；依赖 7．be/get familiar with 熟悉 8．or so 大约 2. 语法基础知识——定语从句 主题语境：话题——艺术欣赏（人与自我） 语言技能：能在主题语境下，运用所学的语言知识写出日常生活事物的应用文，能够以较丰 富的语言写出读后续写的故事。 【基础巩固】 知识点 1．pretend vt. 假装；假扮 【归纳拓展】 pretend sth. 伪称某事物(尤用做借口) pretend to do...假装做…… pretend to be＋n. (adj.) 假装是…… pretend to be doing...假装正在做…… 9．break up 打碎；分裂 10．in addition 另外，也 11．sort out 分类 12．above all 最重要；首先 13．be based on 以……为基础 14．be serious about 对……认真 15．by cheque 用支票 16．stick to 坚持 经典句型 （高考书 面表达必 备） 1．How does music make you feel? 音乐使你感觉如何？ 2．Sometimes they may play to passers－by in the street or subway so that they can earn some extra money for themselves or to pay for their instruments. 有时他们可能在街上或地铁里为路人演奏，以便为自己或自己要买的乐器额外挣些钱。 3．The musicians were to play jokes on each other as well as play music，most of which was based loosely on the Beatles. 组成乐队的音乐人演奏音乐，还彼此打趣逗笑。这些玩笑和音乐大多都在模仿“甲壳虫” 乐队。 必备语法 （高级句 型） 定语从句 pretend to have done... 假装已做…… pretend that－clause 假装…… 【典例 1】 语法填空 1． I passed by Joan quickly without greeting her, ______（pretend）not to see her. 【答案】pretending 【解析】句意：我迅速从 Joan 的身边走过没有问候她，假装没有看见她。这里是伴随状 语，因为 I 和 pretend 是主动关系，用现在分词做状语，故填 pretending。 2．（黑龙江佳木斯一中）He pretended （study）when his mother stepped into his room. 【答案】to be studying 【解析】考查不定式用法。不定式的一般式 to do 说明该动作在谓语动词之后发生；进行时 to be doing 表示两者同时发生；to be done 表示被动。句意：当他的妈妈走进房间的时候， 他假装在睡觉。根据句意说明两个动作同时发生，故使用不定式的进行时。故填 to be studying。 3. （2019·江西南昌二中月考）She pretended ________（calm）but actually she was very nervous when she was being questioned. 【答案】to be calm 【解析】句意：当她被询问的时候她假装镇定，但实际上非常紧张。根据句意及 pretend 的 用法，填 to be calm。 【变式】 单项选择 1．（2020·天津期末）Lily closed her eyes and to be dead when the bear approached her. A．agreed B．pretended C．hesitated D．imitated 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当熊走近她时，莉莉闭上眼睛假装死了。A. agreed 同 意；B. pretended 假装；C. hesitated 犹豫不决；D. imitated 仿效。根据句意可知，此处是 pretend to do sth.“假装做某事”。故选 B。 2．（江苏高考模拟）When the minister came in, the two cheaters were sitting before the weaver, busily. A．pretending working B．pretended having worked C．pretending to be working D．pretended to have worked 【答案】C 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当部长进来的时候，两个骗子坐在织工前面，假装正在忙 着工作。pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事，根据句意可知此处是现在分词做伴随状态， 故选 C。 3．The detective, ________ to read a newspaper, glanced at the man ________ next to a woman. A．pretending; seat B．pretending; seated C．pretended; seat D．pretended; seated 【答案】B 【解析】考查分词用法。本题第一空中的动词 pretend 与句子主语 the detactive 之间构成主 动关系，所以使用现在分词做状语。第二空中的 seated 是过去分词转换的形容词在句中做 宾语补足语，对 the man 进行补充说明；句意：那位侦探，假装在看报纸，迅速地看作者一 个女性旁边的那个男的。故 B 正确。 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①We mustn't pretend (know)what we don't know. ②She pretended (read)a novel when I came into the room. ③The boy pretended (finish)his homework. 【答案】 ①to know ②to be reading ③to have finished 完成句子 (1)He _______________________ yesterday.昨天他假装头疼。 (2)We mustn't _______________________ what we don't know.我们不应不懂装懂。 (3)He _______________________________ when he met a bear.当他遇到熊时就装死。 【答案】(1)pretended a headache(2)pretend to know(3)pretended to be dead 知识点 2．attach vt. 系；贴；附加；认为有(重要性等) 【归纳拓展】 attached adj. 依恋的，留恋的 attachment n. [C]附件[C，U]依恋；眷恋；深爱 attach sth. to sth. 把某物系到某物上 attach yourself to sb./sth. 参加，和……在一起 attach to sb./sth.与……有联系，与……有关联 be attached to sb./sth. 依恋，留恋 【典例 2】 语法填空 1．With a label _______（attach） to each luggage, it won’t take you long to find yours. 【答案】attached 【解析】考查非谓语动词。本题考查 with 的复合结构，宾语 a label 与补足语 attach 之间为 被动关系，故用过去分词，故填 attached。 2．（2020·山西期末）The government attaches great importance _______ nuclear energy. 【答案】to 【解析】句意：政府非常重视核能。attaches 附加，系上。固定搭配：attach great importance to 重视。故填 to。 【变式】 1．（2020·江苏淮阴中学月考）______ to the gift was a note on which he expressed his appreciation for our reception during his stay here. A．Being attached B．Attached C．Attaching D．Having attached 【答案】B 【解析】考查谓语动词。句意：礼物上有一张纸条，上面表达了他对我们帮助他的感谢。分 析句子可知，这是一句倒装句，主语为 note，后跟定语从句 on which his appreciation for our help，去掉定语后，句子是 A note was attached to the gift，短语 be attached to 意为“附加于； 隶属于”，因此可使用 attached 作表语。故选 B。 2．（2019·江苏省锡山高级中学期中）Climate change is now a challenge that we human beings are facing and one _____ the Chinese government has attached great importance. A．on which B．by which C．with which D．to which 【答案】D 【解析】考查介词+which 引导定语从句。句意：气候变化是人类现在面临的一个挑战，也 是一个中国政府非常看重的问题。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句关系词，把短语 attach importance to“看重”的介 3．（2020·江苏月考）Japanese groups sent assistance supplies to China, _____ with ancient Chinese poetic lines: "Fear not the want of armor, for mine is also yours to wear", _____ a touching message of empathy(共鸣) from a close neighbor. A．attached; conveying B．being attached; conveying C．attaching; conveyed D．to attach; conveyed 【答案】A 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：日本团体向中国运送了援助物资，并附上了中国古代的诗 句：“岂曰无衣，与子同袍”，传达了一位近邻感人的同理心。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语 动词 sent，故此处应用非谓语，第一个空的 attach 与 supplies 之间是被动关系，故应用其过 去分词形式，故填 attached；第二个空的 convey 与其前面的句子之间是主动关系，且属于是 现在分词做结果状语。故用 conveying。故选 A。 4.【福建八县（市）一中高三联考】Her parents _____ great importance_____ education, which makes a great difference to her. A．stick; to B．appeal; to C．attach; to D．adjust; to 【答案】C 【解析】考查动词短语的含义。句意：她的父母对教育很重视，这对她的影响很大。根据句 意选 C。 完成句子 (1)She __________ a cheque ____ the order form.她在订货单上附了一张支票。 (2)Don't worry—there are no strings _____________.不用担心——没有附加的条件。 (3)She ____________________________ the regular exercise.她对常规训练极为重视。 (4)No blame __________________ him for the accident.这次事故的责任与他无关。 (5)I am deeply _____________________ this novel.我非常喜欢这部小说。 【答案】(1)attached；to(2)attached(3)attaches great importance to(4)attaches to(5)attached to 知识点 3．form vt. & vi. 形成；组织；养成；培养 n. 形式；表格；形状，外形；状况；精 神 【归纳拓展】 form(＝set up) a club 成立俱乐部 form a good habit 养成好习惯 form the habit of＝fall/get into the habit of 养成……的习惯 form an organization 成立一个组织 fill in the form 填表格 in the form of 以……的形式 in/out of form 状况良好/不佳 【典例 3】 语法填空 1． Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV; there are pictures _______（form） in your mind instead of before your eyes. 【答案】forming 【解析】句意：看书时有画面在大脑中形成，而不是在眼前。而句中有谓语“there are ”，所 以本应填非谓语动词。又因为“看书的同时就会形成”，故填 forming 作定语。 2．（2019·黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校月考）The _____ （form）option would be much more sensible. 【答案】former 【解析】句意：前一个选择会更讲得通。former 前一个的。根据句意可知，这里指前一个选 择，故填 former。 【变式】 单项选择 1．When I finally got up to leave, we both knew that a real friendship ________ between us A．have formed B．will form C．is to form D．was to form 【答案】D 【解析】主句中的谓语 knew 用的过去式，从句也要用相应的过去时态，排除 A、B、C。只 有 D 项是过去时态，故选 D。 2． Pieces of bamboo or wood ________ books between 2ndand 5thcentury AD． A．used to formed B．used to form C．were used to form D．used to beforming 【答案】C 【解析】句意：竹片或木片被用来制成书在公元 2-5 世纪。这里是短语 be used to do 被用 来;used to do 过去常常;根据句意故选 C。 3． The Group of Eight ______ by eight of the world’s wealthiest nations in 1998. A．was formed B．forms C．is formed D．formed 【答案】A 【解析】句意：八国集团是由八个世界上最富有的国家在 1998 年成创立的。in 1998 提示 是一般过去时，句意提示是被动语态， 故选 A。 4. （北京高三）Sam's bakery________a partnership with a local coffee company．Now they serve great coffee． A．has formed B．would form C．is forming D．will form 【答案】A 【解析】根据动作形成关系（“has formed a partnership”）已经发生并持续到现在，该动词用 现在完成时，have+done。句意：山姆的面包房和一家当地咖啡公司已达成了合伙人关系。 他们现在卖很棒的咖啡。 完成句子 ①A province broke away and (组成了一个新的政府)． ②The money will be sent to you each week (以……的形式)a cheque， not cash. ③It's very important for a teenager to (养成好的习惯)． 【答案】 ①formed a new government ②in the form of ③form good habits 完成句子 (1)The footballer's been ________________.这个足球运动员的状态不好。 (2)He is ____________ the application ______.他正在填申请表。 (3)His research ______ the basis of the new book.他的研究成果是这本新书的基础。 (4)The teacher ______ the students ______ a line.老师让学生排成一行。 【答案】(1)out of form(2)filling in；form(3)formed(4)formed into 知识点 4．earn vt.赚；挣得；获得 【归纳拓展】 earn money＝make money 挣钱 earn one's respect/reputation 赢得某人尊敬/名誉 earnings n．所得；收入，工资 earn sb.sth.使某人赢得/获得…… earn one's living＝make a living 谋生 【典例 4】 完成句子 ①The poor little girl did not have any choice but (靠卖花谋生)． ②After years of hard work，he (挣了很多钱)． 【答案】 ①to earn her living by selling flowers ②earned a lot of money 【变式】 完成句子 (1)His courage ______________________of his classmates.他的勇敢博得了同学们的赞扬。 (2)Do you know how much he ___________ a month?你知道他一个月赚多少钱吗？ (3)He _________________________ by teaching at a language school.他在语言学校教书以维 持生计。 【答案】(1)earned him the admiration(2)earns(3)earns his living 知识点 5．perform vt.&vi 表演；履行；执行 【归纳拓展】 performance n. 履行，执行；表演 performer n. 执行者；表演者 perform one's promise 守信；履行诺言 perform duty 尽职 perform a part in... 在……中扮演角色 perform an experiment 做实验 give/put on a performance 演出 【典例 5】 语法填空 1．（北京高三期中） In the early days, Beijing Opera ______ （perform）on open-air stages or in teahouses. 【答案】was performed 【解析】考查时态语态。本句时间状语是 in the early days，所以使用一般过去时；且名词 Beijing Opera 与动词 perform 构成被动关系，所以使用被动语态。故填 was performed。 2．（ 2019·重庆南开中学）No matter how frequently ________（perform）, the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. 【答案】performed 【解析】句意：不管贝多芬的作品被演奏多少次，他始终吸引着全世界的人们。这是 no matter how 引导的让步状语从句，在让步、时间、条件状语从句中，如果主从句中主语一致，从句 中谓语含 be 动词，可以将从句中的主语和 be 省略。perform 和逻辑主语 the works of Beethoven 是被动关系，即在 how 后加 the works of Beethoven are performed，此处省略了 the works of Beethoven are。故填 performed。 3．（2019·上海市嘉定区第二中学期中）Some psychologists suggest that one could improve his performance when mentally imagining himself ________ (perform) well at some back. 【答案】performing 【解析】句意：一些心理学家建议，当一个人在心里想象自己在某个方面表现良好时，他可 以改善自己的表现。imagine doing 表示“想象做某事”，强调做某事的状态，此处不表示非谓 语这一动作发生在谓语动词之前，所以用动名词的一般式，故填 performing。 【变式】 1．（2019·江苏期中）More than one boy of your members ______ to act in the short play, which is ______ tomorrow. A．are; to be performed B．are; to perform C．is；to be performed D．is; to perform 【答案】C 【解析】考查主谓一致和定语从句。句意：你的成员中不止一个男孩要在这出短剧里表演， 这出短剧将于明天上演。在一些短语，如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时， 谓语动词多用单数形式，排除 A 和 B；which is ______ tomorrow.是一个定语从句，先行词 是 the short play，关系词替代先行词，“短剧”和“上演”之间是被动关系，用不定式的被动式， 故选 C。 2． Listening to music at home is one thing, going to hear it ________ live is quite another. A．perform B．performing C．to perform D．being performed 【答案】D 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在家里面听音乐是一回事，去到现场听又是另一回事。分 析 4 个选项知道，答案所使用的是同一个动词，不同的是时态、语态或者是非谓语形式。A 是动词原形，B 是非谓语现在分词形式，C 是非谓语的不定式，D 是非谓语的现在分词被动 形式。分析句子结构以及用法，不难知道音乐是被演奏的，所以需要被动，故选 D。 3．（江苏高三期中）Why are you here? You are supposed to ______ the experiment in the lab. A．perform B．be performing C．have performed D．be performed 【答案】B 【解析】考查被动语态。句意：你为什么在这里？你应该在实验室里做实验。（是别人让他 在实验室做实验）故选 B 项。 完成句子 (1)The students will ___________________ next Friday.这些学生下星期五将演出一场歌剧。 (2)The police _________________________ in our society.警察在我们的社会中起着极其重要 的作用。 (3)You shall _________________________ the way they do.你们要按照他们的方法去做实验。 (4)Our team _______________ in the match.我们队在比赛中表现很出色。 【答案】(1)perform an opera(2)perform a vital role(3)perform the experiment(4)performed well 用 perform 的适当形式填空 ①The play was first in 1987. ②The promised that he would his duty. ③Lang Lang gave a several weeks ago. 【答案】 ①performed ②performer；perform ③performance 知识点 6．be/get familiar with 熟悉；与……熟悉起来 【归纳拓展】 (1)be familiar with 对……熟悉。其主语通常是指“人”的名词；with 后的宾语是主语所通晓的事物。 (2)be familiar to 为……所熟悉。其主语通常是人们所通晓的人或 事物， to 后的宾语常是指“人”的名词。 (3)sb. be familiar with sb. 某人与某人亲密无间 【典例 6】 语法填空 1． If you are not familiar ____ the topic, you may write something that is familiar ____ you. 【答案】with; to 【解析】考查介词。短语 sb be familiar with sth 某人熟悉某事；sth be familiar to sb 某事为某 人所熟悉。句意：如果你对这个话题不熟悉，你可以写一些你熟悉的事。故填 with; to。 2． Every child who lives in the mountains is familiar _____ this kind of wild fruit. 【答案】with 【解析】考查词组的搭配。be familiar with 对……很熟悉。由题目可知是熟悉这种野生水果。 句意：每一个住在这座山里的孩子都很熟悉这种野生水果。故填 with。 【变式】 1．His face looked ___________to me， but I just couldn’t remember where we met. A．distant B．confident C．familiar D．logical 【答案】C 【解析】这题考查形容词词义辨析：distant 遥远的，confident 自信的，familiar 熟悉的，logical 符合逻辑的，根据句意：他的脸对我来说很熟悉，但我不记得在哪里见过的。选 C。 2．（2019·新疆高三月考）Nowadays the name, Harry Potter, will be _________ to many young readers. A．sensitive B．familiar C．devoted D．grateful 【答案】B 【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，许多年轻读者对哈利波特这个名字是熟悉的。 sensitive 敏感的；familiar 熟悉的；devoted 献身的，忠诚的；grateful 感谢的。根据句意可知 “年轻读者对哈利波特这个名字是熟悉的（familiar）”，其他选项不符合题意，故选 B。 完成句子 (1)Yao Ming is ____________________ to us.姚明是我们大家所熟悉的明星。 (2)Are you ______________ the computer software they use?你熟悉他们使用的计算机软件 吗？ (3)This nursery rhyme is very ______________ me.我对这首童谣很熟悉。 【答案】(1)a familiar star(2)familiar with(3)familiar to 知识点 7．confident adj.自信的；确信的 【归纳拓展】 be confident in sth.对……有信心 be confident about/of(doing)sth.对(做)……有把握；确信 be confident that...确信；肯定；自信 confidence n．信心 have confidence in 对……有信心 confidently adv.有把握地 【典例 7】 语法填空 1．（ 2020·山西期末）My roommate is a ______ （confidence）person. He feels sure about his own ability. 【答案】confident 【解析】句意：我的室友是个自信的人。他对自己的能力很自信。confident 自信的。根据第 二句的 feels sure about 可知，是一个“自信的”人。故填 confident。 2． In order to keep their mother living with them_______ （confident）, the couple deliberately leave the washing-up for her after meals. 【答案】confidently 【解析】句意：为了让母亲一直和他们自信地生活在一起，那对夫妇故意在餐后为母亲留下 收拾碗筷的活动。作状语用副词形式。故填 confidently。 【变式】 1．—Are you about the composition competition? —No problem, I've got well prepared and feel I'll be able to get the first place. A．confident B．curious C．secure D．worried 【答案】A 【解析】考查形容词辨析。句意：—你对作文比赛有信心吗？—没问题，我有充分的准备和 感觉我能得第一名。confident 有信心的；curious 好奇的；secure 安全的，牢固的；worried 苦恼的，担心的。根据题意，故选 A。 2． ----Our boss says the company is at _________ crossroads. ----Yes, it is challenging and demanding, but we shouldn’t lose _________ confidence. A．the; / B．the; the C．a; a D．/; the 【答案】A 【解析】考查冠词。at the crossroads 在十字路口，在关键时刻；lose confidence 失去自信。 故选 A。 一句多译 他确信自己能通过驾驶测试。 【答案】 He is confident that he will pass the driving test.＝He is confident of passing the driving test. ＝He is confident/has confidence in passing the driving test. 知识点 8．devotion n．投入；热爱；挚爱；献身；虔诚 【归纳拓展】 devote v．献身；为……付出 devote oneself to 致力于；献身于；专心于 devoted adj.挚爱的；忠诚的；全心全意的 be devoted to 致力于；献身于；专心于 【典例 8】 语法填空 1．_______ （devote）almost all our time to our schoolwork in the past three months, we have almost no time for fun and play． 【答案】Having devoted 【解析】考查非谓语动词， devote all our time to （doing）sth“专注于”，因为是 in the past three months,一直在专注语学习，所以是现在分词的完成式做状语，句意是;因为过去的三 个月一直专注于学习工作，我们几乎没时间玩。故填 Having devoted。 2．______（devote）himself to his research on the IT technology, he soon made a breakthrough. 【答案】Devoting 【解析】句意：致力于对 IT 技术的研究，他很快取得了突破。devote oneself to sth.致力于… 在这里做状语，与句子主语 he 是主动关系，用现在分词。故填 Devoting。 3． (华中师大一附中期末)The dog had such ______（devote）to its master that it would not leave him, even when he was dead. 【答案】devotion 【解析】句意:这只狗非常忠于主人,甚至主人去世了它也不愿离开他。devotion"忠诚",符合 句意。故填 devotion。 4．（河北高三期中）_____（devote）to his research work, the professor cared little about any other things． 【答案】Devoted 【解析】考查非谓语动词，be devoted to （doing）sth“专注于”，做状语时用 devoted to…相 当于：because he was devoted to his research work，句意是;因为专注于研究工作，教授不关 心其他事。故填 Devoted。 【变式】 单项选择 1．（内蒙古高三月考）Yuan Rongping is a great person ______ his life to helping farmers harvest more rice. A．devotes B．devoting C．devoted D．who devote 【答案】B 【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句中的 devote his life to helping farmers harvest more rice 在句中 做后置定语，因为与前面所修饰的名词 a great person 是主动关系，所以用现在分词。句意： 袁隆平是一个伟大的人，他把一生都花在帮助农民收获更多的稻米上。故选 B 项。 2. （湖南期中） If you get the job, ________yourself to it and you will be rewarded. A．devoting B．devoted C．to devote D．devote 【答案】D 【解析】考查祈使句。句意：如果你得到这份工作，一定要全身心的投入，你会得到回报。 Devote oneself to 投入于。。，祈使句+and +陈述句，故选 D 项 用 devote 的相关词语完成句子 The worker his whole life his work.His his work is highly thought of by his boss. 【答案】 devoted；devoted；to；devotion to 知识点 9．sensitive adj.敏感的；易受伤害的；灵敏的 【归纳拓展】 be sensitive to/about 对……敏感；对……体贴 sensible adj.明智的，合理的 sense n．感官，感觉 vt.发觉，意识到 【典例 9】 语法填空 1． She is sensitive ________ what people think of her. Do be cautious not to offend her feelings. 【答案】to 【解析】句意：她对别人对她的看法很敏感。一定要小心，不要冒犯她的感情。结合句意可 知填 to。 2．（南京外国语学校月考）The elderly need special care in winter, as they are _____（sense） to the sudden change of weather. 【答案】sensitive 【解析】句意：老年人在冬天需要特别照顾，因为他们对天气的突然变化很敏感。sensitive 感觉敏锐的，敏感的。根据常识，老年人对于天气的变化很敏感，故填 sensitive。 【变式】 单项选择 1.（2019·甘肃期末）The sentence just doesn’t ___________, no matter how you read it. A．make a sense B．make sense C．make the sense D．make senses 【答案】B 【解析】考查固定搭配。句意：不管你怎么读，这个句子就是讲不通。make sense 表示“讲 得通”，故 B 项正确。 2．（2019·黑龙江鹤岗一中高三月考）I don’t want to join in the _____argument about where to go camping at the weekend-----the weather forecast predicts there will be a rainstorm then. A．sensitive B．sensible C．senseless D．nonsense 【答案】C 【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. sensitive 敏感的；B. sensible 明智的；C. senseless 无意义的； D. nonsense 荒谬的。句意：我不想参加关于去哪里野营无意义的争论——天气预报说那时 会有暴风雨。故选 C。 完成句子 ①他很忌讳别人说他胖。He his weight. ②她很能体谅他人的感情。She is very other people's feelings. 【答案】 ①is very sensitive about ②sensitive to 知识点 10．to be honest 说实在的；实话说 【归纳拓展】 honestly speaking 老实说 to tell the truth 说实话，老实说 to be honest with you 跟你说实话 be honest with sb. about sth. 关于某事对……坦诚 be honest in doing sth. 在做某事方面坦诚 It is honest of sb. to do sth. ……在干……方面诚实。 【典例 10】 语法填空 1．_______（be） honest, my father never tells lies but ______（be）honest, I don’t think it a good way to live. 【答案】Being; to be 【解析】Being honest 表示”由于是诚实的” to be honest 意为“说实话”。句意：由于诚实， 我父亲从不说谎。但说实话，我认为不是生存的好方法。故填 Being; to be。 2．（浙江期末）______________（honest） speaking, I would agree with Cathy, though not entirely. 【答案】Honestly 【解析】老实说，我同意凯西的观点，尽管我并非完全同意。 Honestly speaking 老实说。 3．（2020·天津高三）Chinese students overseas are encouraged to return, as long as they ______________（honest）fill out medical forms and strictly follow the quarantine rules. 【答案】honestly 【解析】句意：中国留学生被鼓励回国，只要他们诚实地填写医疗表格，严格遵守检疫规则。 修饰动词 fill 用副词形式。故填 honestly。 4．（新疆月考）Jack has had no previous experience of this kind of job，but he got the job offer just due to his ______________（honest）. 【答案】honesty 【解析】句意：Jack 先前没有这项工作的工作经验，但是因为他的诚实，他得到了这份工作。 形容词性物主代词后用名词，故填 honesty。 【变式】 1．（2019·重庆开学考试）On ______ Children's Day，Jack received a prize for being ______ honest boy. A．the； an B．/； an C．/； a D．the； a 【答案】B 【解析】考查冠词的用法。句意：在儿童节那天，Jack 因为诚实，接受了表扬。以“Day”结 尾的节日前不加冠词，故排除 AD。根据句意，后面的 honest boy 是泛指，故用不定冠词， honest 以元音音素开头，所以不定冠词用 an，故选 B。 2． The boy, whom I consider ________, cheated in the exam. A．to be honest B．that is honest C．was honest D．being honest 【答案】A 【解析】句意：我认为那个诚实的男孩在考试中作弊了。分析句子可知，whom I consider ________ 是定语从句，句子谓语是 cheated，consider sb. to be + adj.认为某人怎么样；故选 A。 完成句子 (1)_________________________________， I don’t agree with you. 对你说实话，我不同意你的看法。 (2)I think she is _____________ what she is telling me.我认为她很诚实地告诉我一切。 (3)It is ________________________ to tell the truth.你讲实话是诚实的。 (4)_________________， I hate the student wearing long hair.说实在的，我讨厌那位留着长发 的学生。 【答案】(1)To be honest with you(2)honest in(3)honest of you(4)Honestly speaking 知识点 11．play jokes/a joke on 戏弄……；和……开玩笑 【归纳拓展】 have a joke with sb. 和某人开玩笑 make a joke/jokes about sb./sth. 关于某人/某事说笑话 play tricks on sb.＝make fun of sb. 和……开玩笑；捉弄某人 make a fool of 愚弄 laugh at 嘲笑 【典例 11】 完成句子 (1)It's not proper to ____________________ others in public.在公众场所捉弄别人是不恰当的。 (2)She was __________________________ you.她在跟你开玩笑。 (3)Don't ________________________ the handicapped.不要说关于残疾人的笑话。 【答案】(1)play jokes on(2)having a joke with(3)make jokes about 知识点 12．rely on 依靠，信赖；指望 【归纳拓展】 (1)依靠，依赖。同 live on 或 depend on “依赖……”。 rely on one's own efforts 依靠自己的努力 (2)信任，依赖。同 believe in, depend on。 rely on/upon sb. to do sth. 指望某人做某事 rely on/upon sb. doing sth. 相信某人会做某事 rely on/upon it that... 相信……(事情)，指望…… 【典例 12】 语法填空 1．（2019·黑龙江铁人中学月考）You may rely on____ that he will come here to give us a hand. 【答案】it 【解析】考查 it 做形式主语。句意：你可以放心，他会来帮助我们的。it 做 rely on（依靠） 的形式宾语，that 从句为其真正的宾语。故填 it。 2． Our monitor is the first person we can think of ________（relay）on, for he is always willing to help whoever is in trouble. 【答案】to rely 【解析】句意：我们的班长是我们第一个想起来可以依靠的人，因为他总是愿意帮助有困难 的人。The first person to do sth 不定式作定语，故填 to rely。 3. In the modern society, computers are largely ______ （relay）on to help us organize daily life and work. 【答案】relied 【解析】考查语态。本句中 computers 是动作对象，故用被动语态，rely 是不及物动词，表 示依靠时，后面要加介词 on，故填 relied。 4．（吉林长春外国语学校期末）You can’t rely________ him to pick you up. He is still a green hand. 【答案】on 【解析】句意：你不能指望他来接你，他还是个新手。固定短语 rely on“依赖；指望”。故填 on。 【变式】 单项选择 1．（北京四中期末）The good thing about children is that they ______ very easily to new environments and they can learn to ______ themselves quickly. A．adapt; rely on B．appeal; depend on C．attach; rely D．apply; depend 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词和固定短语辨析。句意：孩子的优点是他们很容易适应新环境，他们可以 很快学会依靠自己。A. adapt 适应；rely on 依靠；B. appeal 呼吁；depend on 取决于；依赖； C. attach 附加；rely 依靠；D. apply 申请；depend 依靠。根据句意第一空应为 adapt“使适应”， 第二空表示“依赖；依靠”，综上，故选 A。 2． Many working women ________ relatives to help take care of their children. A．depend with B．depend to C．rely in D．rely on 【答案】D 【解析】本题的含义是许多上班的妇女依靠亲戚来照看她们的孩子，rely on 表示依靠某人 的意思，故本题选 D。 完成句子 (1)Nowadays we ______ increasingly ______ computers ______ help. 现今我们越来越依赖计算机协助工作。 (2)You can ____________ me ________________ your secret. 你尽管相信我一定为你保密。 (3)I ________________________________ early. 我指望你早来。 (4)You can __________________________ he will come. 你放心 ，他会来的。 【答案】(1)rely on for(2)rely on ；to keep(3)relied on your/you coming(4)rely upon it that 知识点 13. break up 分解；驱散，拆散；打碎；结束；散会；(关系)破裂；停课，放假 【归纳拓展】 (1)break away from 脱离 (2)break down 分解，出毛病，(计划、谈判)失败；(谈话、通讯)中断 (3)break into 闯入 (4)break in 强行进入，插话 (5)break off 打断，折断 (6)break out 爆发，发生(不用于被动语态) (7)break through 突破 【典例 13】 单项选择 1． A neighbor asked for the music to be turned down and the party to__________. A．break up B．break down C．break in D．break out 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词组。A. break up 结束；B. break down 分解；C. break in 破门而入；D. break out 爆发。句意：一位邻居请求把音乐声音调小，聚会就结束了。故选 A。 2．（湖北高三月考）He is busy writing the article all the morning, only ________ occasionally to have a cup of coffee. A．breaking off B．breaking down C．breaking through D．breaking up 【答案】A 【解析】考查动词词组辨析。A.breaking off 中断，脱离；B.breaking down 破坏；拆散； C.breaking through 突破;穿透;；D. breaking up 结束，放假；句意：整个早上他都忙着写文 章，间或中断也只是去喝杯咖啡。由句意得知，他一直在忙于写作，喝咖啡只是脱身去片 刻休息，而不是停止工作。breaking off 中断，脱离 最符合题意，故选 A。 3．（ 2020·黑龙江期中）Early in April this year some experts indicated that H1N1 would _____ this autumn. A．break down B．break out C．break up D．break off 【答案】B 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：今年四月初，一些专家暗示，H1N1 会在秋天爆发。A. break down 出故障、分解；B. break out 爆发；突然发生；C. break up 解散、瓦解；D. break off 中断、断交。根据句意可知，空白处表疾病爆发，故选 B。 4．（湖北黄冈中学高三期中）With the night falling, the crowd gathering around the accident scene began to_________. A．break up B．break down C．break out D．break away 【答案】A 【解析】句意：随着夜幕降临，在事故现场围观的群众相继走开。A. break up 分手；解散， B. break down 机器坏了或人的身体垮掉，C. break out 战争或疾病爆发， D. break away 脱 离。根据语境故选 A。 【变式】 用 break away from，break down，break out，break up 填空 ①The relationship between the two countries for the spy event. ②It was reported that a violent earthquake in that area. ③If you go on working like that，you will sooner or later. ④I her and race for the door. 【答案】 ①broke up ②broke out ③break down④broke away from 写出下列 break up 的意思。 (1)The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.______________________ (2)The police came and broke up the crowd.________ (3)The meeting broke up at eleven o'clock.__________ (4)Some sentences can break up into clauses.______ (5)Their marriage is breaking up._______________ 【答案】(1)破裂(2)驱散(3)结束(4)分解(5)破裂 知识点 14．in addition 另外 【归纳拓展】 ①addition n．[U]加；附加；加法[C]增加物；附加物 ②in addition to 除……之外(还) additional adj. 附加的；另外的 【易混易错】 in addition/in addition to in addition 另外(＝as well)，相当于连接副词。 in addition to 除……之外(还)(＝as well as)，用作介词。 The products are nice.In addition，the price is low. 产品优秀。另外，价格低廉。 She can speak French and Japanese in addition to English.除英语外，她还会说法语和日 语。 “除了……”词语总结： in addition to 除……之外(还有) besides 除了……之外(还有) except 除了……之外(别无) apart from 除了……之外(还有)；除了……之外(别无) 【典例 14】 语法填空 1．In addition _______ the physical benefits, aerobic exercises have emotional benefits. 【答案】to 【解析】考查介词及短语。句意：除了身体上的好处，有氧运动也有情绪上的好处。in addition to“除了”to 为介词后接名词 the physical benefits 且符合句意。故填 to。 2． She won’t mind your being late. In _______(add), it’s hardly your fault. 【答案】addition 【解析】考查介词词组。In addition 另外，此外。句意：她不介意你的迟到，另外，这几乎 不是你的错。故填 addition。 【变式】 完成句子 ①我们还看了两场表演。We watched two performances ． ②除了参观动物园外，我们还去了公园。 visiting the zoo，we went to the park. 【答案】 ①in addition ②In addition to 知识点 15. sort out 分类，整理，选出 【归纳拓展】 sort out sth.from...从……中把……区别出来，辨别出来 sort...into...把……分类 sort of＝kind of 有点儿，稍微(作副词用，修饰其后的形容词和动词) all sorts of...各种各样的…… 【典例 15】 单项选择 1．（重庆巴蜀中学月考）It’s difficult to these old books, for some of them belong to none of the classification. A．look out B．sort out C．put out D．give out 【答案】B 【解析】动词短语用法辨析。A. look out 注意，当心；B. sort out 整理；C. put out 熄灭，出 版；D. give out 分发，发出。belong to 属于（没有被动语态，没有进行时）；句意：把这些 旧书分类很困难，因为他们不属于任何一种类别。故 B 正确。 2．（2012·福建高考真题）一 When did the computer crash? 一 This morning, while I the reading materials downloaded from some websites. A．have sorted B．was sorting C．am sorting D．had sorted 【答案】B 【解析】考查时态。句意：——计算机是什么时候崩溃的?——今天早上，当我从一些网站 下载阅读材料的时候。首先根据时间状语 this morning 知道是发生过的事情，去除 A、C 两 项，然而本句指的是“过去正在进行的动作”，所以用过去进行时，B 项正确。 3． You should spend some time ________ your thoughts before you start writing. A．putting out B．sending out C．handing out D．sorting out 【答案】D 【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意：在你开始写作之前，你应该花点时间整理一下你的想 法。A. putting out 扑灭，生产，出版；B. sending out 发送；C. handing out 分发；D. sorting out 整理，分类。根据语境，故选 D。 【变式】 完成句子 ①我一定要把明天穿的衣服整理好。 I must my clothes for tomorrow. ②我在工作中和各种各样的人打交道。 In my job，I met with people. 【答案】 ①sort out ②all sorts of 知识点 16. above all 首先；最重要的是；特别是；尤其 【归纳拓展】 above all＝most important of all(强调地位上的重要性) first of all “首先，第一”，强调顺序 at all 根本，全然 in all 总共，共计 after all 终究，毕竟 all in all 总之 【典例 16】 完成句子 (1)He longs ________________ to see his family again.他尤其渴望再见到家里的人。 (2)_________________________， let them introduce themselves to us.首先，让他们向我们作 自我介绍。 (3)___________________________， he didn't agree with what his son said.总之，他没同意他 儿子所说的话。 (4)He has done it well. _________________， he is only a learner.这件事他做得很好了，毕竟， 他只是个初学者。 【答案】(1)above all(2)First of all(3)All in all(4)After all 【考点精析】 考点 1 “make ＋宾语＋宾补”结构 【教材原句】How does music make you feel？(P33)音乐使你有什么感受？ 【句法分析】本句中 make you feel 属于“make ＋宾语＋宾补”结构，宾补是不带 to 的动词 不定式。 【例句研读】 He was the youngest，but they decided to make him captain.尽管他最年轻，但他们仍决定 选他当队长。 Taking some medicine made me feel much better.服了药，我感觉好多了。 【考点聚焦】“make ＋宾语＋宾补”结构 【典例 17】 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①His appearance made me (laugh)． ②Can you make yourself (understand)in English? 【答案】 ①laugh ②understood 考点 2 had planned 表示“原计划做某事(但没有实现) 【教材原句】The TV organizers had planned to find four musicians who could act as well as sing.(P34)电视制作人原计划寻找四位既能唱歌又能表演的乐手。 【句法分析】 句中 had planned 表示“原计划做某事(但没有实现)”。动词 hope，expect，think，intend，mean， want，suppose，plan 用过去完成时，表示“本希望/本打算/本想……(但没有实现)”，含有惋 惜之意。 【例句研读】 I had hoped that I could do the work. 我本希望我能做这项工作。 【考点聚焦】had planned 表示“原计划做某事(但没有实现) 【典例 18】 翻译句子 ①我本打算来看你，但是当时太忙了。(intend) ②我本打算赶上第一班公交车，但是我起晚了。(mean) 【答案】 ①I had intended to see you but I was too busy. ②I had meant to catch the first bus，but I got up late. 考点 3 “not... without...”，该结构表示肯定含义，意思是“没有……就不…… 【教材原句】Freddy and his band could not go out anywhere without being followed.(P38) 弗雷迪和他的乐队无论走到哪里都会有人跟随。 【句法分析】本句中含有一个双重否定结构，即“not... without...”，该结构表示肯定含 义，意思是“没有……就不……”。否定词也可以用 never，no 等。 【例句研读】 They two can never talk without laughing. 他们两个谈话没有不笑的时候。 常见的双重否定结构还有： no(never/hardly)．..without... 没有……不……；除……不 cannot...too... 越……越……无论怎样……也不为过 【考点聚焦】“not... without...”，该结构表示肯定含义，意思是“没有……就不…… 【典例 19】 选择题 A serious study of physics is impossible some knowledge of mathematics. A．against B．before C．beyond D．without 【答案】 D 【解析】 考查介词。根据句意，如果没有一点数学知识，要认真研究物理是不可能 的。故选 D(如果没有)。 【变式】 完成句子 ①未经允许谁也不准进入这个房间。 is to enter the room permission. ②没有空气人就不能生存。 People live air. 【答案】 ①No one；without ②can't；without 考点 4 as if(though)好像 【教材原句】Their personal life was regularly discussed by people who did not know them but talked as if they were close friends.(P38)一些不认识他们的人也在不断地讨论他们的私生活，而 且就像是他们的密友一样在谈论他们。 【句法分析】本句中，who 至句末是定语从句，其中 but 连接两个并列的谓语动词 did not know 和 talked，在这个定语从句中，含有 as if 引导的方式状语从句修饰 talked。 【例句研读】 She left the room hurriedly as if(she was)angry. 她匆忙离开房间，好像很生气。 She looks as if she's going to cry. 她看起来似乎要哭了。 ①当 as if/though 引导的从句与事实不符或相反时，从句要用虚拟语气，形式如下： 与现在事实 相反 从句谓语用一般过去时态(be 用 were，单数第三人称可用 was) 与过去事实 相反 从句谓语用过去完成时 与将来事实 不符 从句谓语用 would/should/could/might＋动词原形 ②as if/though 后接从句时，若主句和从句的主语一致，从句又含有 be，则可以省去从 句的主语和 be，出现状语从句的省略。 【考点聚焦】as if(though)好像 【典例 20】 选择题 Don't handle the vase as if it made of steel. A．is B． were C．has been D． had been 【答案】 B 【解析】 句意：“拿花瓶时不要当它是钢做的一样。”as if 引导的方式状语从句或表语 从句中常用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反的情况；又由 Don't handle...可知此处应为与现在事 实相反的虚拟语气，所以应用动词的过去式 were，故 B 项正确。 【变式】 完成句子 ①看起来海水好像不干净，不能在这儿游泳。 It looks the sea water isn't clean enough to swim here. ②他快步跑回家，看上去好像有什么事不对劲。 He quickly ran home，looking there was something wrong with him. 【答案】 ①as if/though ②as if/though 考点 5 before 的用法 【教材原句】At last feeling very upset and sensitive, Freddy and his band realized that they must leave the country before it became too painful for them.最后，由于深感苦恼，神经高度紧张， 弗雷迪和他的乐队意识到他们必须在自己感到太痛苦之前离开这个国家。 【句法分析】before 做连词表示时间时，根据其在句中的实际情况，译法有多种，具体可译 为： (1)在……之前 (2)……(之后)才…… (3)(不多久)就…… (4)以免…… (5)还没来得及……就…… (6)(宁愿……)也不愿…… 【例句研读】 ①We lived in Paris before moving to London.我们搬到伦敦之前住在巴黎。 ②It was a long time before I got to sleep again.很长一段时间之后我才重新入睡。 ③It wasn’t long before she came back.不久她就回来了。 ④Lock your bike before it gets stolen.锁好你的自行车，以免被偷。 ⑤Before John stopped her, she ran out.约翰还没来得及阻止她，她就跑了出去。 ⑥I’d shoot myself before I apologized to her.我宁死也不向她道歉。 【典例 21】 You can’t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card. A．before B．if C．while D．as 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在你没有学生卡之前，你不能在学校图书馆借书。before 在……之前；if 如 果；while 当……时候；as 随着，因为。 考点 6 more than＋数词，“……以上；多于……”，等于 over 【教材原句】Music is more_than just sound. 音乐决不仅仅是声音。 【句法分析】more than＋数词，“……以上；多于……”，等于 over ＋名词，“不仅仅；不只；超过；远不止” ＋动词，“十分；大大地；远远地；不仅仅” ＋...can/could＋v.“不能” ＋adj./adv.，“非常；十分；更加” 拓展：(1)more＋adj./n.＋than＋adj./n..与其说……倒不如说…… (2)no more than＋num.＝only 仅仅 (3)not more than＋num.＝at most 至多 (4)no more＋adj./adv.＋than...和……一样不…… (5)not more＋adj./adv.＋than... 不如…… (6)more than one “不止一个”，做主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数。 【例句研读】 ①By then he was more than fifty. 那时他已经 50 多岁了。 ②Peace is much more than the absence of war. 和平不仅仅意味着没有战争。 ③He more than smiled; he laughed out. 他岂止是微笑，他简直是大笑了。 ④That's more than I can tell you. 这一点我是不能告诉你的。 ⑤He is more than selfish. 他非常自私。 【典例 22】 单项选择 1．（北京四中期末）Appreciating poetry is ______ getting to know the structure of every sentence. A．much more B．more than C．rather than D．no more than 【答案】B 【解析】考查固定短语辨析。句意：欣赏诗歌不仅仅是了解每个句子的结构。A. much more 更加，多得多，much 用来修饰比较级；B. more than 不仅仅；C. rather than 而不是，宁愿……； D. no more than 仅仅。根据常识可知，欣赏诗歌不仅仅是了解句子的结构，故选 B。 2．（2020·天津一中期末）According to the statistics, Chinese families own _____ private cars today as they did in the 1990s. A．more than twice B．as twice as many C．twice as many as D．more than twice as many 【答案】D 【解析】考查倍数表达。句意：根据统计学，现在中国家庭拥有的私家车数量比 20 世纪 90 年代的数量的两倍都多。由空格后出现连词 as 可知，这句话使用表达倍数关系的句式“A + be + 倍数 + as + 计量形容词原级 + as + B”，再出现副词的时候放在倍数词前。故选 D。 3．（2019·江苏南京师大附中期中）Good-looking women are ______ to be turned down for a job interview as unattractive ones, claims a study. A．twice as likely as B．as likely twice C．more than likely as D．more than twice as likely 【答案】D 【解析】考查倍数的表达。句意：一项研究表明，长得好看的女性在求职面试中被拒绝的可 能性是长得不好看的女性的两倍以上。固定搭配：be likely to do sth.“很可能做某事”；倍数 的表达：倍数+as +形容词或副词+as……。所以排除 B，C 两项。句子中有 as unattractive ones， 所以 A 选项被排除。故选 D。 【变式】 (1)Lizzie was ______ to see her friend off at the airport. A．a little more than sad B．more than a little sad C．sad more than a little D．a little more than sad 【答案】B 【解析】more than＋adj./adv. 意为“非常，很”。本句意为“Lizzie 很伤心地在机场为她的朋友 送行”。 (2)—Tom is very stupid. He failed to pass the exam once again. —He is ______ than stupid. A．lazier B．no lazier C．more lazy D．lazier rather 【答案】C 【解析】more＋adj.＋than 意为“与其说……倒不如说……”。答句句意为：“与其说他笨倒 不如说他懒。” 考点 7 话题写作——艺术欣赏（ 人与自我 ） 【典例 19】 假设你是李华,你们学校即将举行以"Learning and music"为主题的英语作文比赛,请你写一篇 作文。内容应包括: 1.学习时是否应该听音乐； 2.你最有可能选择的音乐； 3.父母对学习时听音乐的看法。 注意:1.间数 100 左右; 2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 【答案】Different people have different habits of studying. Some enjoy listening to music when they are studying while some don’t. As for me, I prefer to study in a quiet environment because I don’t think listening to music can help me study. If I listen to soft music, I will fall asleep when I am writing an essay. But if I must choose one type of music, I will choose jazz music. I believe this kind of music can relax my brain and make me finish my homework quickly. In fact, my parents think I'm not a good student if they hear music coming from my bedroom. They think my scores will not improve if I listen to music when I am studying. I can’t agree with them more. 【解析】 本篇书面表达属于议论文,关于“学习和听音乐之间的关系”提出自己的看法。 第一步： 审题: 议论文 人称：第一、三人称 时态： 一般现在时 结构： 总分法，分三部分，第一部分提出“不同的人有不同的学习习惯”，第二部分说明我 的学习习惯和我喜欢听的音乐，第三部分说明我父母对学习时听音乐的看法。 要点： 1．不同的人有不同的学习习惯 2．我的学习习惯和我喜欢听的音乐 ①我个人喜欢在安静的环境中学习； ②偏爱爵士乐及其原因； 3．父母认为学习时听音乐不利于学习 第二步：列提纲（重点词汇、短语 ） have habits of；prefer to；listen to music；fall asleep；write an essay；jazz music；relax；in fact； hear sb. doing；improve；agree with 第三步：连词成句 1.Different people have different habits of studying. 2.I prefer to study in a quiet environment. 3.If I listen to soft music, I will fall asleep. 4. I will choose jazz music. 5.This kind of music can relax my brain . 6.My parents think I'm not a good student if they hear music coming from my bedroom. 7.They think my scores will not improve if I listen to music when I am studying. 根据提示和关键词进行遣词造句,适当地运用句型，注意时态和主谓一致问题。 第四步：连句成篇(多种表达、亮点词汇) 用状语从句的省略形式转换下一句 My scores will not improve if I listen to music when I am studying. →My scores will not improve if I listen to music when studying. 用多种句式表达“我父母认为…” My parents think I'm not a good student if they hear music coming from my bedroom. →In my parents’ opinion, I'm not a good student if they hear music coming from my bedroom. →In my parents’ view, I'm not a good student if they hear music coming from my bedroom. →As far as my parents are concerned, I'm not a good student if they hear music coming from my bedroom. →As for my parents, I'm not a good student if they hear music coming from my bedroom. →My parents hold the view that I'm not a good student if they hear music coming from my bedroom. 用多种句式表达下一句 I will choose jazz music. →I prefer jazz music to soft music. →Among various music, Jazz music is my favourite. →Compared with soft music, I prefer jazz music. →I would rather listen to jazz music than soft music. →I would like to enjoy jazz music. 连句成文，运用多种句式表达，增加文章的可读性。 【点睛】 范文紧扣主题，要点全面，结构清晰，在表达上恰当地使用了多种词汇和短语，如 have habits of 有…习惯；prefer to 更喜欢；listen to music 听音乐；fall asleep 入睡；write an essay 写论 文；jazz music 爵士乐；relax 放松；in fact 实际上；hear sb. doing 听到…正在；improve 提高； agree with 同意 等；复杂句式的运用提升了文章层次，如非谓语形式做主语 listening to music can help me study；时间状语从句…when I am writing an essay; “can’t+动词原形+比较级” 句 式 I can’t agree with them more。 【变式】 1. 假如你叫李华，最近你在班内进行了关于“什么因素影响你对音乐的选择”的调查，调查 结果如图表所示。现在请你写一份调查报告，并针对图表中的任何一个数据所反映的情况谈 谈你的看法。 Which of the following influences the music that you listen to? 影响因素 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.开头已给出，不计入总词数。 Recently I have carried out a survey among the students in our class. The survey was made to find out what influences the music we listen to. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】Recently I have carried out a survey among the students in our class. The survey was made to find out what influences the music we listen to. According to the survey, TV and films have the strongest effect on our choice of music, 50 per cent of the students sharing the opinion. 30 per cent of the students say they are influenced by friends when deciding what to listen to. Radio comes third, with 20 per cent of the students choosing it. Parents seem to have very little influence. Only about 10 per cent of the students say they listen to what their parents recommend. In my opinion, one of the major reasons why TV and films influence our choice of music so much is that the music in the film usually goes with beautiful pictures, and expresses certain feelings of heroes. Good film music, as is often the case, can be with one for a whole life. 【解析】 该题是图表文字转换题，要求同学们分析图表中的数据，对数据反映出来的情况进行说明， 并分析其原因。人称宜以第三人称为主，时态以一般现在时为主。具体写作思路如下： 第一步：审题 体裁：说明文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般现在时 结构：总分 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） carry out/ find out/ according to/ have an effect on/ listen to/ prefer to/ compare with/ in one’s opinion 第三步：连词成句 1. Recently a survey was carried out among the students in our class, the aim of which was to find out what influences the music we students listen to. 2. According to the survey, TV and films have the strongest effect on our choice of music, for about 50% students prefer to listen to these kinds of music. 3. 30 percent of the students say they listen to what their friends recommend. 4. Radio comes third, with 20 per cent of the students choosing it. 5. Only about 10 per cent of the students say they listen to what their parents recommend, which shows that parents have little influence on them. 6. In my opinion, one of the major reasons why TV and films are chosen is that the music in the film usually goes with beautiful pictures, and expresses certain feelings of heroes. 7. Good film music, as is often the case, can be with one for a whole life. 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句） 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so… 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although… 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where… 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语） 【点睛】 本篇作文结构完整，要点齐全，语言使用灵活。尤其是对图表数据的表述句式灵活、不落俗 套。文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：The survey was made to find out what influences the music we listen to.句中 what 引导宾语从句；In my opinion, one of the major reasons why TV and films influence our choice of music so much is that the music in the film usually goes with beautiful pictures, and expresses certain feelings of heroes.句中使用why引导定语从句修饰名词 reasons，that 引导表语从句。这些从句的使用给文章增色不少。 2. （2020·山东省临沂第一中学高三月考）阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续 写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。 “What do you think about my audition(试奏) yesterday？My trill(颤音) should have been better, don’t you think？” Abbie asked Mel and closed the lid of her violin case before school. “It’s no big deal, Abbie, ” Mel said as they walked out the door. Mel didn’t have time to worry about her little sister’s mood. It turned out to be a busy day. She had a test in science class. She hit two home runs in softball. After school, she and her friends talked about their summer plans. She forgot about the audition results until Abbie dragged her to the music room. Mel thought she’d probably be in the first violins. Mel and Abbie found the list of names on the board. Abbie. Concertmaster. Abbie screamed, “I can’t believe it!” “I can’t wait to tell Mum and Dad!” Abbie rushed toward home. Mel kept reading. Mel. Second violins. What？There had to be some mistake. She’d figure out tomorrow. When Mel got home, Abbie was playing her audition piece there. Music poured from Abbie’s bow like water from a teapot—pure and perfect. And the trill sounded like a bird singing. Abbie was good—really good—but that wasn’t the point. “Mr Benson must have made a mistake, ” Mel thought. The next morning, Mel slipped into the music room. Gathering her courage, Mel said, “Mr Benson, I want to talk to you about the orchestra(管弦乐队) seats. ” “Yes—you must be proud of your sister, ” Mr Benson smiled. “Abbie is a rare student. If she continues to practice hard and grow as a musician, she could become a professional. Then we’ll look back on our little orchestra and think about how lucky we are. ” Paragraph 1： Mel froze as there wasn’t any mixup. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ Paragraph 2： After school, Mel found Abbie on a bench outside, playing the violin. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ 【答案】Mel froze as there wasn’t any mixup.She realized she was the one who’d made a mistake.Her little sister had earned the first chair through efforts—and she hadn’t even congratulated her.Mel walked down the hall.Most days，she spent her time thinking about softball， her classes and her friends.Every day was so full that she didn’t always practice her violin while Abbie played every day.Determined to make a change，Mel decided to have a talk with Abbie. After school，Mel found Abbie on a bench outside，playing the violin.Mel made up her mind to apologize to Abbie after a brief inner struggle.She cleared her throat and started，“I’m so proud that you’re concertmaster.I’m sorry I’ve been so mean.I guess I was jealous.” Abbie was surprised.“But you’re popular，Mel.You get better grades.You’re better at sports.You can do everything.” Mel shook her head.“I can’t make a trill like you can.”“You can if you keep practicing.” Abbie smiled and asked if Mel would like to play with her.Mel agreed delightedly. 【解析】 这是一篇读后续写。短文叙述了 Abbie 获得了首席小提琴手，而看到这时，姐姐 Mel 获得 了第二小题提琴手的席位，Mel 认为是 Mr Benson 搞错了，而第二天 Mel 与 Mr Benson 却证 实了 Abbie 的确获得了首席小提琴手，Mr Benson 还夸奖了 Abbie。 短文叙述了 Abbie 获得了首席小提琴手，姐姐 Mel 获得了第二小题提琴手的席位，而看到 这时，Mel 认为是 Mr Benson 搞错了，而第二天 Mel 与 Mr Benson 的谈话却证实了 Abbie 的 确获得了首席小提琴手，Mr Benson 还夸奖了 Abbie。短文由此展开续写，第一段 After school, Mel found Abbie on a bench outside, playing the violin.这时要续写 Mel 意识到是她犯了一个错 误，因为平时 Abbie 和努力的在练习琴而自己确在想着垒球、她的课和她的朋友。Mel 决定 改变一下，决定和 Abbie 谈一谈。以此引出第二段续写内容。第二段 After school, Mel found Abbie on a bench outside, playing the violin.这时要续写 Mel 将心理的想法告诉了 Abbie，以及 Abbie 是怎样回答的。最后二人和好如初。 续写是需要注意对时态的把握。高级词汇和句式以及句子连贯性的把握。 【点睛】 文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:so...that 引导的结果状语从句 Every day was so full that she didn’t always practice her violin while Abbie played every day. 非谓语动词的运用 After school，Mel found Abbie on a bench outside，playing the violin. who 引导的定语从句 She realized she was the one who’d made a mistake. 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。 3. 概要写作（2020·陕西省商洛中学高三） Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. Nowadays, it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs. At any moment in time, you can f6ll your headphones with the sounds of a particular song that suits your mood at that exact time. Music is so common. But have you realized the power of it? Are you getting ready for a big soccer match or do you need to get excited? Maybe some hip hop with a strong beat will do the trick! Besides, you might be ready to study for a big exam the next day. To help you study better,a little bit of Mozart might make you remember things better. We may all have been moved by particular songs that spoke to us in some situations. But is there any scientific evidence showing that music really has such effect on people? of course,there is! Scientists have long recognized the power of music. Over the years, many studies have been done to examine in greater depth the nature and extent of the elects music has on people. For example, scientists at the University of Missouri have found that listening to music can have positive effects on your mood. Their research gives scientific credibility(可靠性) to the behavior that many people have already experienced on their own: listening to upbeat music can brighten your day and boost your mood. Other studies have shown that upbeat music isn't the only type of music that can be helpful,however. When people are sad or have suffered a personal loss, sad music can be helpful because the tone and lyrics of the music can resonate (引起共鸣) with the listeners. Likewise,people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to angry music. Although angry music might not help you if you're in a normal mood, its tone can benefit you when you are dealing with stressful and upsetting situations. _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Nowadays, with modern devices, music to your taste is easily accessible. Yet, is power, which might benefit you, is not fully realized. Scientists have researched into the nature and extent of music's effects on humans. For instance, scientists at the University of Missouri have proven upbeat music can cheer you up. Besides, sad music and angry music have also been found to be helpful. 【解析】 根据下面短文内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 根据第一段中 Nowadays, it is most probable that you have an electronic device loaded with hundreds or even thousands of your favourite songs.“如今，你很可能有一个电子设备，里面装 着数百甚至数千首你最喜欢的歌曲。”第二段第一句 Music is so common.“音乐是如此普遍。” 第三段最后一句 Over the years, many studies have been done to examine in greater depth the nature and extent of the elects music has on people.“多年来，人们做了许多研究来更深入地研究 音乐对人们的影响的性质和程度。”第四段是举例说明 For example, scientists at the University of Missouri have found that listening to music can have positive effects on your mood.“例如，密 苏里大学的科学家发现，听音乐可以对你的情绪产生积极的影响。”最后一段第一句 Likewise,people under a lot of stress or experiencing upsetting situations can benefit from listening to angry music.（同样，人们在压力很大或经历令人沮丧的情况下也可以从听愤怒的 音乐中受益。）