【英语】2019届高考英语二轮复习阅读理解精选：（11）细节理解推理判断词义猜测词义猜测1 17页

细节理解+推理判断+词义猜测+词义猜测1‎ ‎1、 If you're looking for a fairly painless way to lose weight (or at least not gain it), researchers have a new solution for you: put yourself on a regular sleep schedule.‎ ‎    Led by Bruce Bailey, professor of exercise science, researchers followed 300 women students, aged 19 to 26, who were given activity trackers to watch their movements and activities, including waking and sleeping times. They were assessed for body composition (成分) before and after the one-week study period.‎ ‎    What the researchers found:‎ ‎    •Getting less than 6.5 hours of sleep or more than 8.5 hours of sleep was linked to higher body fat.‎ ‎    •High quality sleep was connected with lower body fat while poor sleep was connected with higher body fat.‎ ‎    •Waking and going to sleep at the same time every day was most strongly linked with lower body fat.‎ ‎    The difference in body weight was greater with more variation in sleep patterns. Women whose sleep patterns varied by 90 minutes a night had higher body fat than those whose sleep varied by 60 minutes or less on average. Body fat also varied with sleep quantity. Women who slept between 8 and 8.5 hours a night had the lowest body fat.‎ ‎    What we should notice is that this was a small study, of very short duration, with study participants selected from a limited pool of the same type.The study followed up a series of research carried out over the last few years that ties quality and quantity of sleep to weight loss and better weight control. While researchers don't know exactly how sleep schedules affect body weight and fat, other studies have shown that sleep has an effect on physical activity, appetite (食欲), and the hormones (荷尔蒙) that control appetite, metabolism (新陈代谢), and the signals that tell us we're full.‎ ‎1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the study? A.The more one sleeps, the thinner she is. B.One who sleeps well can better control her weight. C.One should change sleep patterns more often to lose weight. D.Sleeping early and waking up early is good for weight loss. 2.It can be inferred from the last paragraph that ________. A.the result of the study is absolutely reliable B.sleep can give signals to tell people they're full C.it's the first research on better ways to control weight D.how sleep affects body weight is still to be discovered 3.What is the best title for the text? A.Ways of reducing weight B.Enjoy the benefits of sleep C.Regular sleep could help you lose weight D.Improving sleep quality is good for your health 4.The text is likely to appear in ________. A.a health report B.a history paper C.a research plan D.a science textbook ‎2、    The state of California is taking steps to deal with dry weather. Governor Jerry Brown announced last week that Californians must reduce their water use by 25 percent because of lack of rainfall and snow.‎ ‎    This is California's fourth year of below-average rainfall since 2012. The lack of rain and snow has created extreme drought conditions across the state.‎ ‎    Some of the state's water comes from northern California. It moves through waterways to the farm-rich Central Valley and water-hungry cities in the south. Farms use 80 percent of the state's water to produce much of the nation's fruit, vegetables and nuts.‎ ‎    In general, farmers are not required to follow the new water restrictions. But many growers have already faced cuts to the amount of water they can take from public water supplies. They now pump groundwater for crops, and eventually will face more limitations on using it.‎ ‎    The expert of California thinks the public wants even stronger measures to control water use.‎ ‎    Our recent survey asked the question, “Do you think the local and state government is doing enough about the drought?” And we saw the majority say, “No.”‎ ‎    Some of the new measures are already in place. Restaurants will face fines if they offer water to people who have not asked for it. Gilberto Cetina owns a restaurant in Los Angeles. He says the restrictions will save more than just drinking water.‎ ‎    “When you are giving the water or, if you use glasses, you should use water to wash the glasses,” Cetina says.‎ ‎    Experts say there is no single solution to the state's water shortage. But they say education, better planning and stronger measures can help the state deal with its present drought.‎ ‎1.What's the main reason for the drought in California? A.The hot weather. B.The overuse of water. C.The lack of rainfall and snow. D.The lack of waterways. 2.The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 3 refers to ________. A.the state's water B.the water restriction C.the state of California D.the drought condition 3.Farmers are not required to follow the water restrictions probably because ________. A.they used to use too much water on their farms B.their crops can't grow well without water C.they have already cut down the use of water D.there is enough groundwater in California 4.According to Gilberto Cetina, the measure taken in restaurants will ________. A.help restaurants save water as well as ‎ money B.make the restaurants lose many customers C.force the restaurants owners to pay more fines D.have an obvious effect on saving water ‎3、Across the world, studies have consistently found that girls perform significantly better than boys in reading. These studies show that girls typically read more frequently than boys, and have a more positive attitude toward reading.‎ There are several reasons that help explain these gender-based differences. Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a strong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage. Recent research has found even though boys read less frequently than girls, girls still receive more encouragement to read from their parents.‎ So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially-engineered gap for boys’ reading?‎ To improve boys’ reading performance, parents and educators may look for ways to connect boys with reading. This has led to discussion about the importance of promoting so-called “boy-friendly” books that boys supposedly “prefer” These are typically assumed to be non-fiction works, as many people believed that boys prefer to read non-fiction.‎ But this belief is not supported by recent research, which in fact suggests boys are more likely to choose to read fiction than non-fiction. Encouraging all boys to read non-fiction under the mistaken belief that it is their preference may actually be harmful. Fiction readers read more frequently and demonstrate faster language learning and higher language ability.‎ Besides encouraging more fiction reading, there are a number of ways that we can help connect boys with books. Firstly, don’t assume that boys of the same age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussions about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.‎ Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling. Girls visit the library in their free time more than boys, and as students move to higher grades they often have less access to libraries during class. Access to books for boys is essential to promote reading.‎ In addition, we should keep paper books available because research shows that boys are less likely to choose to read on screens than girls. Finally we should promote reading as an enjoyable ‎ pastime by being a role model. Let your children or students see you read for pleasure.‎ ‎1. According to the author, what is the main cause of the difference in boys’ and girls’ reading ability?‎ A. Social factors.‎ B. Teaching methods.‎ C. Personal preferences.‎ D. Psychological differences.‎ ‎2. Why does the author recommend that adults regularly talk to boys about reading?‎ A. To persuade boys to read more often.‎ B. To learn what boys are most interested in.‎ C. To help boys improve their language ability.‎ D. To show that adults are good reading role models.‎ ‎3. When should schools give students additional library access according to the author?‎ A. Before and after class.‎ B. At any time of the school day.‎ C. At regular times during class.‎ D. When they are in the lower grades.‎ ‎4. What is the main purpose of the text?‎ A. To show students ways to improve their reading.‎ B. To explain why boys are not as good at reading as girls.‎ C. To urge governments to provide more reading resources.‎ D. To provide strategies that can help improve boys’ reading ability.‎ ‎4、    English Language Day is celebrated each year on April 23, the date when William Shakespeare, the greatest writer in the English language, was born.‎ ‎    Many people consider English as the unofficial “world language” because it is so widely used. English is the main language of business across the world. It is the most widely used language on the Internet and social media.‎ ‎    The first English Language Day was the result of work by the United Nations. A few years ago,the U.N.'s Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (the UNESCO) created Language ‎ Days for each of the U.N. 's six official languages. The aim was to celebrate the use of different languages around the world and in different cultures. Another goal was to campaign for equal use of all six official languages throughout the United Nations. The other five languages are Arabic, Chinese, French, Russian and Spanish. The U.N. celebrated its first English Language Day on April 23, 2010.‎ ‎    To improve your understanding of American English, you have come to the right place: learningenglish. voanews. com. Every day, you will find news and information in easy English. Our stories and audio podcasts (播客) are based on a 1,500-word vocabulary, listed in our Learning English Word Book.‎ ‎    You can find classic “American Stories” on the website every Friday. On Saturdays, you can find Everyday Grammar, our newest series. It answers common questions about the language.‎ ‎    For English learners who want to learn through videos, we offer Learning English TV, News Words and English in a Minute. In addition, you are invited to take part in Talk2US, our Skype interactive (网络互动) program for English learners. This show is normally produced four days a week. A list of production times and the subjects can be found on our website.‎ ‎1.English is considered as the unofficial “world language” because it is ________. A.one of the U.N.'s official languages B.the most widely used language in the world C.the language used on the Internet and social media D.the main language of business across the world 2.For what purpose did the UNESCO create Language Days? A.To express the hope of bringing more languages into the U.N. B.To make the U.N. better understood through more languages. C.To attract more people to learn the six working languages in the U.N. D.To celebrate the use of different languages and call for their equality. 3.What do we know about learningenglish. voanews. com from Paragraph 4? A.It is a website using simple English. B.It requires visitors to come every day. C.We cannot use it unless we know 1,500 words. D.Its stories are form American history and ‎ culture. 4.What can we learn from the text? A.English Language Day was created to celebrate Shakespeare's birthday. B.English will gain an even higher position in the U.N. as time goes by. C.The production times of English in a Minute can be found online. D.Learningenglish. voanews. com is a useful website for English learners.‎ ‎5、    On a cool morning, Wilson Kasaine heads out along a dirt path in southernKenya. His calmness makes it easy to forget that he’s tracking one of the most dangerous animals in the world. Kasaine is tracking lions—especially one lion called Marti, who is the real-life Lion King of Selenkay Conservancy.‎ ‎    Tracking lions on foot may sound like a death wish, but Kasaine has been doing it for most of his life. Born into a traditional Maasai family he quickly grew to understand the beauty and danger of wildlife. Living with big wild animals forces him to develop a good sense of where they have been and where they may be going. During his 12-kilometer walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the pawprints (爪印)of a lion from those of other animals.‎ ‎    Growing up, Kasaine knew that improving his tracking abilities would help him avoid surprise meetings with dangerous animals. For many Maasai, tracking is mainly a matter of self-protection. But Kasaine is tracking lions to meet them and to protect them. He leads a small group of wide-eyed tourists over the red sandy path, searching for the lion that has left upon it his prints.‎ ‎    Each year, thousands of tourists crowdKenya’s national parks to try to have a look at the "big five”; elephants, rhinoceros, leopards, buffaloes and lions. The international draw of these animals matters a lot because the nation’s economy is tied to the protection of its wildlife. If Kenya’s wildlife disappears, so does its second-largest source of income.‎ ‎    Wildlife protection efforts in Kenya meant marking off land exclusively(专门地)for animals. But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land and into smaller surrounding areas, They are also finding it increasingly hard to keep a traditional Maasai lifestyle. But people are glad that it really makes a difference to wildlife protection.‎ ‎1.How did Kasaine track lions? A.By working together with ‎ tourists. B.By running after them all the time. C.By going to school every day. D.By studying their paw prints. 2.What can we learn from Paragraph 4? A.Maasai people are born animal lovers. B.Tourism is a big threat toKenya’s wildlife. C.Kenya benefits a lot from its wildlife protection. D.Small animals are not included in their protection policy. 3.What does the underlined word "it” in the last paragraph refer to? A.Kenya’s economic development. B.Kenyan people’s traditional Maasai lifestyle. C.Kenya’s second-largest income source. D.People’s leaving their original homes. 4.What is the best title for the text? A.Wildlife protection inKenya B.Meeting a dangerous animal C.Wilson Kasaine’s wise choice D.Learning to live with lions ‎6、The subway system in the U.S. city of Boston will soon be equipped with train cars "Made in China," which will be shipped to the city in December. The current train cars in Boston have been running for decades and are too old to provide a modern trip experience.‎ Made in northeastern China's Jilin Province, the new cars can run at a speed of 102 kilometers per hour. Although designed according to the U.S. standard, the producing method of the cars is owned by a Chinese company named CRRC, the China Railway Rolling Stock Corporation. The final products match the Boston subway's strict maximum weight requirement of 34 tons per car, which barred a lot of world-famous companies from getting the order form. "The cars have to be solid, but light-weight at the same time," technology manager of the project Hong Haifeng told CCTV's Mandarin news channel. "And they have to be compatible with the century-old facilities in Boston."‎ This is the first time for Chinese rail equipment to be used in the United States. The new cars are designed to run for 30 years. CRRC showcased the model car in Boston on April 3. CCTV reported that the model was praised by the local leaders and citizens, including the governor of Massachusetts Charlie Baker. "We're really looking forward to putting these in transit," he said, adding that the upgrades will bring the Boston subway into the modern era.‎ ‎1. Why Boston choose train cars made in China?‎ A. They can offer the local people a modern trip experience.‎ B. They can run at a higher speed.‎ C. They meet the Boston subway's strict requirements.‎ D. They are of higher quality.‎ ‎2. What does the underlined phrase "be compatible with" in paragraph two mean?‎ A. match B. compare ‎ C. be competitive with D. be competent of ‎3. What's the attitude of the local people towards the model car?‎ A. negative B. doubtful ‎ C. skeptical D. optimistic ‎4. What may be the best title for the text?‎ A. Boston Will Replace Its Old Train Cars B. The Advantages of Train China-made Cars C. China-made Train Cars Will Come Into Boston D. Bostonians' Preference for China-made Products ‎7、"Big tobacco" is what the bosses of several large technology firms have started calling Facebook． Being compared to the tobacco giants is far from praise， but it is not the only wide﹣spread analogy（比拟）． A lower blow is the suggestion that Facebook may become like Yahoo， the once high﹣flying internet firm that fell．‎ ‎ Even a year ago the idea would have been unthinkable． But since January Facebook has become trapped in a series of misjudgments and missteps． It became clear that it had done too little to stop Russian interference（干涉） in America's election in 2016． It had to admit that it had shared the personal data of 90m users with outside firms without permission．‎ ‎ The comparison to Yahoo is imperfect． Even at its peak Yahoo's business was never as large and profitable as Facebook's． One of the main reasons Yahoo declined is because it lost out to a powerful competitor， Google， in online search； Marissa Mayer， its boss from 2012 until its sale to Verizon last year， was unable to restore advertisers' or employees' confidence as users left．‎ ‎ But people who watched Yahoo's falling see similarities． Executive（主管） turnover was a leading indicator of its decline； before Ms． Mayer was hired Yahoo went through four chief executives in three years． Mr． Zuckerberg， who controls the majority of Facebook's voting shares， is not leaving， but many top executives are． This year several have announced their departures， including Facebook's chief security officer．‎ ‎ When advertisers' faith in Facebook has been shaken， politicians in Washington are running out of patience with the company． Lawmakers' inspection of the firm is causing it to be more cautious about how it uses data for targeting advertisements and about what information it makes available to outsiders．‎ ‎ Mr． Zuckerberg and Ms． Sandberg are under pressure to prove to employees and advertisers that Facebook is not only trustworthy but worthy of their time and money． If they cannot do so， and the company's share price continues its slide， it is possible that Ms． Sandberg will be replaced in the next year． Mr． Zuckerberg will doubtless have thoughts about Yahoo's sorry tale．‎ ‎1.For Facebook， being compared to "big tobacco" is　 　．‎ A． positive B． ambitious C． creative D． negative ‎2.According to the author， what does Facebook currently have in common with the failed Yahoo？　 　‎ A． Letting out users' data．‎ B． Being deep in financial crisis．‎ C． Leaders are leaving the company．‎ D． Laying off a large number of employees．‎ ‎3.The author tries to support his judgment about Facebook by　 　．‎ A． questioning its management B． using evidence related to it C． analyzing its financial data D． listing its advantages and disadvantages ‎4.What is the main idea of the passage？　 　‎ A． Facebook gets trapped in trouble．‎ B． Two companies are deep in crisis．‎ C． How to save Facebook．‎ D． Faith is more valuable than gold．‎ ‎8、On average, primary school children in England have at least three sugary snacks a day, Public Health England (PHE) found. This means that the sugar they consume is three times more than the recommended maximum.‎ Children between the ages of 4 and 10 consume 51.2% of sugar from unhealthy snacks. PHE has launched a campaign, Change4Life, to encourage parents to look for healthier snacks of no more than 100 calories, and to limit them to two a day. The campaign advises parents to give their children a maximum of two snacks a day, with each containing no more than 100 calories. The campaign will also offer parents special suggestions on a range of healthier snacks—ones with 100 calories or fewer—at selected supermarkets, PHE said.‎ PHE said it had also improved its app so that it could mark the content of sugar, salt and fat in food and drinks. Dr Alison Tedstone told the BBC she hoped the campaign would help parents to choose healthier snacks for their children. “If you wander through a supermarket, you can see much more goods being sold as snacks than ever before,” she said, “It’s a common phenomenon that kids’ lunchboxes are full of snacks, leading to a lot of calories for lunch. Our research shows that parents usually appreciate a rule of thumb (经验法则). However, they are surprised to know how much sugar their children are consuming in snacks now.”‎ Justine Roberts, founder of Mumsnet, said, “The intake (摄入量) of sugar that kids are getting from snacks and sugary drinks alone is pretty astonishing, and it can often be difficult to distinguish which snacks are healthy and which are not. The rule of thumb from Change4Life can help parents make their decision correctly and wisely. ”‎ ‎1. In terms of snacks, the Change4Life recommends that children have at most ________.‎ A. one snack a day B. three snacks a day C. 100 calories a day D. 200 calories a day ‎2. What can PHE’s improved app help parents do?‎ A. Test the calories of snacks.‎ B. Choose delicious snacks.‎ C. Know the exact content in snacks.‎ D. Save much money buying snacks.‎ ‎3. Which of the following can be inferred from Justine Roberts’ words?‎ A. Most parents’ former experience about snacks is practical.‎ B. It is easy to tell healthy snacks and unhealthy snacks apart.‎ C. Children only take in lots of sugar from snacks and drinks.‎ D. Change4Life is meaningful for parents’ decisions on snacks.‎ ‎4. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Solve the Health Problems of Children B. Change the Eating Habits of Children C. Limit Children’s Intake of Calories D. Ensure Children’s Healthy Lifestyle ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案以及解析 ‎1答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.C; 4.A 解析：1.细节理解题。由第三、四段可知,研究表明体重与睡眠规律性、时长、质量、睡姿变换量有关。睡觉时间规律、睡得好、睡眠中姿势变换少、睡眠时长在8到8.5小时之间的人更不易发胖。 2.细节理解题。由最后一段“While researchers don't know exactly how sleep schedules affect body weight and fat ‎ ...”可知,研究人员还不清楚睡眠究竟是怎样影响了体重。 3.标题归纳题。文章主要讲的是规律的睡眠有利于减肥。 4.文章出处题。本文讲睡眠与体重之间的关系,属于健康范畴。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.C; 2.A; 3.B; 4.D 解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段和第二段的内容可知,答案应为C项。 2.代词指代题。根据上文语境及内容可知,此处It指代前句中的Some of the state's water。 3.推理判断题。根据第三、四段的内容可推断,农民尽管用水很多,但他们需要生产水果、蔬菜等,所以让他们节水不太现实。 4.细节理解题。从倒数第二段Cetina的话语可看出,这种措施对节水成效显著。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3答案及解析：‎ 答案：A. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 解析：‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段Parents read more with their daughters. This sends a strong and early message that books are for girls, as well as equipping girls with a significant advantage.可知，父母与女儿读书的机会更多，同时也给大家传递一条信息，书籍是为女孩提供的，故推断出，出现差异主要原因是社会因素，故选A.‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六段Firstly, don’t assume that boys of the same age have the same interests or that their interests stay the same over time. To match boys with suitable reading material, have regular discussions about reading for pleasure in order to keep up with their interests.可知，不要认为同年男孩的兴趣都一样或者兴趣保持不变，因此需要定期和孩子讨论阅读内容，从而知道其兴趣的变化，提供相应的阅读材料，可知这么做的原因是帮助了解孩子的兴趣，故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Schools should also provide access to libraries during lessons throughout the years of schooling.可知，学校应该在学年读书期间让孩子能够得以使用图书馆，故选C。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第三段So how can parents and educators help bridge this socially-engineered gap for boys’ reading?可知，本文主要讲述女孩在阅读方面要比男孩做的好，以及背后的原因，提升男孩阅读能力的解决办法，故选D。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.B; 2.D; 3.A; 4.D 解析：1.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知答案选B项。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段第三句和第四句可知答案选D项。 3.推理判断题,第四段第二句里有“in easy English”;后面一句又说这个网站的内容都限定在1500词的词汇量以内,所以断定这一网站的语言很简单。B、D两项没有提及;C项的说法太绝对,不能说词汇量不够1500就不能使用这一网站。 4.推理判断题。英语日定在4月23日是因为这一天是莎士比亚的生日,但目的不在于庆祝他的生日,这与庆祝莎士比亚生日没有关系,故排除A项;文章提到英语在世界上的广泛使用,并没有提到它的未来发展,故排除B项;C选项把English in a Minute和Talk2US两个节目弄混了。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5答案及解析：‎ 答案：1.D; 2.C; 3.B; 4.A 解析：1.推理判断题.由第二段中的 During his 12-kilomeler walks to and from school, he learned how to tell the paw prints (爪印)of a lion from those of other animals.可推知,Kasaine通过獅子的爪印追踪狮子,故选D. 2.细节理解题,由第四段第二、三句可知,肯尼亚从野生生物保护中受益很多,故选C。 3.词义猜测题.由尾段中的But it also meant that the people who had originally lived in the area were forced to leave their land.可推知,it 指的是人们被迫离开他们的家园,故选B。 4.主旨大意题。文章主要讲了在肯尼亚,人们对野生生物的保护, 故选A。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6答案及解析：‎ 答案：1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 解析：【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中The final products match the Boston subway's strict maximum weight requirement of 34 tons per car, which barred a lot of world-famous companies from getting the order form.可知，波士顿之所以选择中国生产的火车是因为他们符合波士顿地铁的严格要求。故C项正确。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段中The final products match the Boston subway's strict maximum weight requirement of 34 tons per car, which barred a lot of world-famous companies from getting the order form. （最终的产品符合波士顿地铁的严格最大重量要求，每辆车34吨，这使得许多世界知名的公司无法获得订单。）"The cars have to be solid, but light-weight at the same time,"（火车必须是坚固的，但同时重量轻）--- And they have to be compatible with the century-old facilities in Boston."（并且它们必须与波士顿的百年老旧设施兼容。）由此推知划线词的意思是“匹配”，故A项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中CCTV reported that the model was praised by the local leaders and citizens, including the governor of Massachusetts Charlie Baker. "We're really looking forward to putting these in transit," he said, adding that the upgrades will bring the Boston subway into the modern era.由此推知，当地人对模型车的态度是乐观的。故D项正确。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段The subway system in the U.S. city of Boston will soon be equipped with train cars "Made in China," which will be shipped to the city in December. The current train cars in Boston have been running for decades and are too old to provide a modern trip experience.可知本文讲述的是“中国制造的火车将进入波士顿”。故C项正确。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7答案及解析：‎ 答案：1 D 2 C 3 B 4 A 解析：1.D.细节理解题.根据第一段Being compared to the tobacco giants is far from praise, but it is not the only wide﹣spread analogy(比拟). A lower blow is the suggestion that Facebook may become like Yahoo, the once high﹣flying internet ?rm that fell.可知,对于Facebook来说,与"大烟草"相比是负面的.故选D.‎ ‎2.C.细节理解题.根据第四段Mr. Zuckerberg, who controls the majority of Facebook's voting shares, is not leaving, but many top executives are. 可知,Facebook目前与失败的雅虎的共同之处是领导者正在离开公司.故选C.‎ ‎3.B.细节理解题.根据第四段 Mr. Zuckerberg, who controls the majority of Facebook's voting shares, is not leaving, but many top executives are. This year several have announced their departures, including Facebook's chief security officer.控制Facebook大部分投票权股份的扎克伯格并未离开,但许多高管都是.今年有几家公司宣布离职,其中包括Facebook的首席安全官.以及第五段When advertisers' faith in Facebook has been shaken, politicians in Washington are running out of patience with the company. 当广告商对Facebook的信心受到动摇时,华盛顿的政客们已经对公司失去了耐心.可知,作者试图通过使用与之相关的证据来支持他对Facebook的判断.故选B.‎ ‎4.A.主旨大意题.阅读全文,根据文章内容可知,本文主要讲述了Facebook陷入困境.故选A.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8答案及解析：‎ 答案：1. D 2. C 3. D 4. C 解析： 【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段PHE has launched a campaign, Change4Life, to encourage parents to look for healthier snacks of no more than 100 calories, and to limit them to two a day.可知，该运动鼓励父母为孩子提供零食最多一天两次，不超过100卡路里，故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段PHE said it had also improved its app so that it could mark the content of sugar, salt and fat in food and drinks. Dr Alison Tedstone told the BBC she hoped the campaign would help parents to choose healthier snacks for their children.可知，该软件可以帮助父母获知食物和饮料中的成分及含量，故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段The rule of thumb from Change4Life can help parents make their decision correctly and wisely.可知，该运动的首要原则就是帮助父母在为孩子选择零食方面提供更好的建议，故选D。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述由于孩子摄入卡路里过多，因此专门成立了一个组织，发起了一项运动，并且开发出一个软件帮助父母更好控制孩子卡路里的摄入，故选C。‎ ‎ ‎