2021届高三英语外研版一轮总复习教师用书：必修4 Module 2　Traffic Jam 21页

　　　　　　　　　　　　　Module 2　Traffic Jam (主题语境——人与社会之交通旅游：交通问题) 1．pavement n. 人行道　　　2.vehicle n. 车辆；交通工具 3．motorcycle n. 摩托车 4.expressway n. (美)高速公路 5．freeway n. 高速公路 6.lorry n. 卡车；货车 7．tractor n. 拖拉机 8.tram n．有轨电车 9．garage n. 车库；汽车修理厂 10．platform n．月台，站台 11．carriage n．客车厢 12.express n. 快车 13．subway n. 地铁 14.tube n. 隧道 15．block vt.阻止；阻塞 16.ease vt. 减轻；缓和 17．crash n. 撞碎；坠毁 18.delay v. 延期；耽搁 19．fine n．& v. 罚款 20.overtake vi.超车 21．collision n. 碰撞；冲突 22.accelerate vi. 加速 23．brake n．& v. 刹车 24.congestion n. 拥挤 25．crossing n. 十字路口 26.passenger n. 乘客 27．safety n. 安全 28．steward n. (火车、飞机、轮船等)男服务员； 男乘务员 29．stewardess n. 女乘务员，空中小姐 30．terminal n. (火车、汽车、飞机)终点站 1．traffic light 交通指挥灯；红绿灯 2．break the traffic rule 违反交通规则 3．hold up 堵塞 4．deal with 处理 5．set off/out 出发 6．take measures 采取措施 7．take off 起飞 8．drive a car/by car 开小轿车 9．rush hour 交通拥挤时间 10．safe and sound 安然无恙 11．take a bus/by bus 坐公共汽车 12．on foot 步行 13．in danger 处于危险中 14．a traffic jam 交通拥堵 15．leave for 动身去某地 1 ． The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. It not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people's lives. 交通问题是一个棘手的问题。它不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而 且还可能威胁到人们的生命。 2．In spite of the large­scale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever­increasing number of cars these years. 由于近年来汽车数量日益增长， 尽管我们大规模地建设道路和公 路， 但是还有很大的提升空间。 3 ． With the improvement of people's living conditions, more and more families have their own cars. 随着人们生活条件的改善，越来越多的家庭拥有了自己的汽车。 4．It is aimed at stopping common traffic violations such as speeding, running a red light, drunk driving, driving without license and so on. 它旨在制止超速、闯红灯、酒后驾驶、无证驾驶等常见交通违法 行为。 5．What's worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules. 更糟糕的是，一些司机、骑自行车的人和行人认为遵守交通规则 并 不 重 要 。 　　　　　　　　　　　　 单词巧练 写准并记牢 Ⅰ.识记单词 (一)会其形 1．wire n. 电线　　　　　　　　　　2.display vt.& n. 展示；陈 列 3．receipt n. 收据 4.fare n. 车费 5．destination n. 目的地；终点 6.route n. 路线 7．provide vt. 提供 8．single n. 单程票 adj. 单一的；单身的；单程的 9．return n. 往返票 v. 返回；报答 10．blow vt. 吹响(乐器，号角等) 11．congestion n. 拥塞；堆积 (二)知其意 1．trolleybus n. 无轨电车 2.cab n. 出租汽车；计程车 3．air­conditioned adj. 带空调的 4．double­decker n. 双层公共汽车 5．pedal vt.& vi. 骑车；踩……的踏板 6.tricycle n. 三轮脚踏车 7．roadwork n. (常作复数)道路施工 8.horn n. 喇叭；号角 Ⅱ.拓展单词 1．suburban adj. 郊区的；市郊的→suburb n. 郊区 2．permit n. 执照；许可证→permission n. 许可；允许 3．limit vt. 限制；限定 n. 界限；限度→limited adj. 有限的→limitless adj. 无限的 4．impressive adj. 给人印象深刻的→impress vt. 使印象深刻；使 铭记→impression n. 印象→impressed adj. 印象深刻的 5．convenient adj. 方便的→convenience n. 方便；便利 6．explore vt. 探索→explorer n. 探索者→exploration n. 探索 7．react vi. 反应→reaction n. 反应；回应 8．solution n. 解答；答案→solve vt. 解决；解答 9．mood n. 心情；心境→moody adj. 喜怒无常的 10．registration n. 执照；登记→register vi. 登记；记录 高考与教材 1.(2019·北京卷)With her dad's permission (permit), she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth­friendly. 2．(2019·江苏卷)After hearing Steve's playing, Naomi was deeply impressed (impress) by his music. 3．(2019·江苏卷)To enjoy the convenience (convenient) of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones. 4．(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution (solve)． 5．(2019·北京卷)If they have problems with registration (register), Wilson is there to assist them. 6．(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration (explore) in the heart of Washington, D. C. 7．(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)But we all have to accept that as we get older our reactions (react) slow down and this often results in people avoiding any potentially challenging driving conditions and losing confidence in their driving skills. 1．“费用”都要考虑到 ①fare 车费 ②expense 花费 ③charge 费用；价钱 ④fine 罚款 ⑤fee 费用；酬金 ⑥tip 小费 2．“提供，供应”多多益善 ①provide 提供 ②offer 主动提供 ③supply 供应 ④equip 配备；供应 ⑤furnish 供应 ⑥afford 提供；给予 3．“允许；禁止”要分明 ①permit v. 允许 ②allow v. 允许 ③admit v. 允许 ④ban v．& n. 禁止 ⑤prohibit v. 禁止 ⑥forbid v. 禁止 短语巧练 写准并记牢 1.be/get_stuck_in 被困在…… 2．in_no_time 马上；一会儿；立刻 3．get_around 到处旅行；四处走动 4．have_a_good_view_of 清楚地看到 5．switch_off 关上(电灯、电视等)；断掉(电源) 6．keep_cool 保持冷静 7．in_a_good_mood 情绪/心情好 8．drive_sb._mad 使某人发疯 9．be_connected_to 与……相连 10．what's_more 而且；此外 11．no_way (俚语)肯定不；没门儿 12．under_construction 正在建设之中 高考与教材 1.(2018·浙江卷)I have no difficulty communicating with them. What's_more,_I have accumulated related experience by working part­time in a travel agency. 2．(2017·浙江卷)One man took out a metal bar from the car at once and started a fight with the wolf, and the other man joined it in_no_time. 3．(2013·全国卷Ⅱ)Enough sleep is_connected_to general health conditions. 4．(2013·辽宁卷)There are millions of cars. However, people still use their bicycles to get_around. 1．“立刻，即刻”短语小聚 ①in no time ②at once ③right now/away ④in a flash ⑤in an instant 2．“no＋n.”短语大观园 ①no way 没门 ②no problem 没问题 ③no hurry 别慌 ④no doubt 毫无疑问 ⑤no wonder 难怪 3．由“what's more”想到的 ①what's worse 更糟的是 ②to make matters worse 更糟的是 ③worse still 更糟的是 ④on the other (hand) 另一方面 ⑤in addition 而且；此外 句式仿写 写准并记牢 1.祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句 Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time. 只要你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。 2．be worth doing(某事)值得做…… Tricycles are worth using if you want to explore the narrow alleys (hutong) of old Beijing. 如果你想去老北京窄小的胡同探秘，三轮脚踏车是值得一坐的。 3．have sth. done“使某事被完成；遭遇某种(不幸)的事情” It's a good idea to have your destination written in Chinese. 把你的目的地用汉语写出来是一个不错的主意。 4．not only...but also... “不但……而且……” You should not only listen to the teacher's and your classmates' pronunciation, but also to tapes and broadcasting. 你不但应该听老师和同学们的发音，而且还要听录音带和广播。 高考与教材 1.(2019·北京卷)你不仅将帮助我们的年轻志愿者个人的发展，你还 将学习新技能，提高你的文化意识。 Not only will_you_help our young volunteers to develop personally, you'll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness. 2．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)值得一提的是，我们的排球队在全国中学生排 球比赛中两次夺得冠军。 It is_worth_mentioning that our volleyball team won the championship twice in the national middle school volleyball match. 3．(2018·北京卷)在你来之前先学习一些基本的汉语，你很快就会 适应北京的生活。 Learn_some_basic_Chinese before you come, and you will adjust yourself to the life here in Beijing soon. 4．(2016·北京卷)他们会用铁路把药从安克雷奇运到内纳那。 They would have_the_medicine_sent by rail from Anchorage to Nenana. 　　　　　　　　　　　　 高频词汇精讲 1．permit n．执照；许可证；通行证 vt.允许；许可；容许 You should check the cab has a business permit, and make sure you ask for a receipt. 你得确保出租车有营业执照，并且一定要索取发票。 　 [联想发散] 动词 permit 的常见用法：permit sb. to do sth./permit doing sth.，与 permit 用法类似的动词还有：allow sb.to do/doing sth. 允 许(某人)做某事；forbid sb.to do/doing sth. 禁止(某人)做某事；encourage sb.to do/doing sth. 鼓励(某人)做某事；advise sb.to do/doing sth. 建议(某 人)做某事。 (1)单句语法填空 ①The visitors are reminded that the museum doesn't permit smoking (smoke)． ②Time permitting (permit), I expect to have more spare time to spend with my friends so that we can have a better relationship. ③No reference books are to be taken out of the reading room without permission (permit)． (2)完成句子 No visitors are_permitted_to_take_photos here unless they have a permit. 除非游客有许可证，否则不准在这里拍照。 2．limit vt.限制；限定 n．限制；(常作复数)范围；界限 You should believe you will go beyond the limit, and go beyond yourselves. 你们应该相信，你们将超越极限、超越自己。 (1)limit...to... 把……限定在……范围内 (2)set a limit to sth. 对……限定范围 within the limits of 在……范围内 go beyond the limit 超过限度 (3)limited adj. 有限的 limitless adj. 无限的 [名师指津] limit...to...和 set a limit to sth.短语中的 to 为介词，后接 名词、代词或动名词。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Besides, many parents have limited (limit) knowledge about what a balanced diet is. ②The couple set a limit to the expense of the trip for their daughter. ③Scientists have known how to use the limitless (limit) power of the sun. ④They did well within the limits (limit) of their knowledge. (2)完成句子 The length of the article should be_limited_to 400 words or so. 文章的长度应该限制在 400 词左右。 3．provide vt.提供；规定；准备；供应 China's Belt and Road Initiative has provided great opportunities for China and other countries to cooperate in many fields including culture. 中国“一带一路”的倡议提供给中国和其他国家在很多领域的合 作机会， 其中包括文化文域。 (1)provide sth.for sb.＝provide sb.with sth. 向某人提供某物 (2)provided (that)．..＝providing (that)．.. 倘若；在……情况/条件 下 [联想发散] 表示“向某人提供某物”的表达还有： supply sth. to sb. ＝supply sb. with sth.；offer sb. sth.＝offer sth. to sb.。 单句语法填空 ①The website provides students with free information about how to choose a good college. ②You should provide a qualified witness for your application. ③Provided/Providing (provide) that his plan was practical, the first thing we should do was to make people aware of the environmental problems. 4.convenient adj.方便的；便利的 Trains are fast and convenient, but rush hours can be terrible. 地铁快捷方便，但是，交通高峰时段情况就可能非常糟糕。 (1)if it is convenient (to/for you) 如果(你)方便的话 It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事很方便 (2) convenience n. 方便；便利 at one's convenience 在某人方便时 for convenience 为方便起见 for the convenience of 为了方便…… (3)inconvenient adj. 不方便的；麻烦的 [名师指津] convenient 作表语时， 不能用人作主语， 而要用物作 主语或用 it 作形式主语。“当你方便的时候”应翻译成 when it is convenient for you, 而不是 when you are convenient。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Students think it is extremely convenient for them to_communicate (communicate) with the outside world using mobile phones. ② Bachelet says she selected it for convenience (convenient) and I observe that it is also cheap. ③ If you are interested, please send an application email at your earliest convenience. (2)完成句子 If_it_is_convenient_for_you,_let's meet at 8 ： 30 outside the school gate. 如果您方便的话，我们 8 点半在校门外集合。 5．in no time 马上；一会儿；立刻 Simply raise your hand, and a taxi appears in no time. 只要你招招手，马上就会有出租车开过来。 in time 及时；终于；迟早　　on time 按时；准时 at a time 每次；一次 at one time 曾经；一度 at times 有时；间或 at the same time 同时 at any time 随时，任何时候 at no time 在任何时候都不；决不 [联想发散] 表示“立刻，马上”的短语还有：at once, right now, right away 等。 用 time 短语填空 ①This restaurant can accommodate two hundred people at_a_time. ②At_no_time did I tell you that you could use my computer. ③Generally speaking, my grandmother is nice and kind, but she can be very stubborn at_times. ④It is important to pay your electricity bill on_time,_as late payments may affect your credit. ⑤At_one_time Joan and I were good friends. I went to her for help at_any_time because she would always solve the problem in_no_time. Joan was clever, and at_the_same_time she was hard­working. So she always did well in exams. As a proverb goes, “Where there is a will, there is a way.” I believe her efforts will pay off in_time. 6．under construction 正在建设之中 There are four underground lines in Beijing, and several lines are under construction. 北京有四条地铁线，还有几条线也正在建设之中。 under attack 遭受打/攻击　　under repair 在修理中 under control 在控制之中 under discussion 在讨论中 under examination 在检查中 under consideration 在考虑中 完成句子 ①The new building is under_construction. It will be completed next month. 这座新的大楼正在建设之中。它将于下一个月竣工。 ②When an animal is under_attack,_it can run away or fight back. 当动物遭到攻击时它会跑掉，也会反击。 ③The firefighters soon got the fire in the building under_control. 消防队员很快使楼房里的火情得到了控制。 ④How to improve our environment is still under_discussion. 如何来改善我们的环境仍在讨论之中。 ⑤The plan to protect wild animals in this area is under_consideration. 保护这个地区野生动物的计划正在考虑之中。 重点词汇点拨 1．get around 到处旅行；四处走动；(消息等)传播开来；说服； 回避；克服(问题或困难) 写出下列句中 get around 的含义 ①It's hard to get around in some foreign cities if you don't know the language.到处旅行 ②We can get around the problem of space by building an extension. 克服 ③She's trying to get around her father to buy her a new car.说服 ④The news soon got around that several people had been arrested for selling drugs.传播开来 ⑤You can't get around the fact that the price was perfectly fair and reasonable.回避 2．blow vt.吹响(乐器、号角等)；(风)刮，吹；花大钱，挥霍 写出下列句中 blow 的含义 ①The teacher blew a whistle to gather her pupils.吹响 ②He inherited over a million dollars but blew it all on drink and gambling.挥霍 ③I was almost blown over by the wind.刮，吹 3．be worth doing 某事值得做 一句多译 他在会议上提出的建议值得考虑。 →His suggestion put forward at the conference is worth considering. →His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy of being_considered. →His suggestion put forward at the conference is worthy to_be_considered. →It is worthwhile to_consider/considering his suggestion put forward at the conference. 4．写出加黑词汇在语境中的意义 ①This thick wire is connected to my computer.电线 ②The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their work.展示 ③When you have paid for something, a receipt is given to you.收据 ④Having overcome a lot of difficulties we gained our destination at last.目的地 典型句式精析 1．“have sth.done”结构 It's a good idea to have_your_destination_written in Chinese. 把你的目的地用汉语写出来是个好主意。 本句为“have sth. done”结构，此结构中的宾语与宾语补足语之间是 动宾关系。 (1)have sth. done 使某事完成；遭遇某种(不幸的)事情；让/叫别人 做某事 have sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 have sb. doing sth. 允许某人做某事(常用于否定句中)；使某人一直 做某事(多用于肯定句中) (2)have sth. to do 有某事要做(主语自己做) have sth. to be done 有某事要做(不是主语自己做) [名师指津] have sth.done 有三种不同的含义：①意为“请/让/叫别 人(为自己)做某事”，强调主语的意志；意为“遭遇到某种(不幸的)事 情”，宾语往往是受害者；意为“使……完成某事”，此事可以是别人 或自己完成的。 单句语法填空 ①He hoped to find a good way to have his written English improved (improve) in a short period. ②Don't worry. I'll have Tom help (help) you finish the work. ③I have a lot of reading to_complete (complete) before the end of this term. ④You should go home quickly. Don't have your mother waiting (wait) all the time. ⑤“Do you have any clothes to_be_washed (wash)？” the servant asked. 2．not only...but also... 不仅……而且…… You should not_only listen to the teacher's and your classmates' pronunciation, but_also to tapes and broadcasting. 你不但应听老师和同学们的发音，而且还要听录音带和广播。 (1)not only...but also...用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分，着重强 调后者，其意为“不仅……而且……”；其中的 also 有时可以省略 (2)not only...but also...连接两个句子，且 not only 位于句首时，not only 后面的句子要用部分倒装 (3)not only...but also...连接的两个成分作主语，其谓语通常与靠近 的主语保持一致 [联想发散] 连接并列主语，谓语动词应用就近一致原则的还有： not...but；neither...nor；either...or...；or 等。 (1)单句语法填空 ①Not only the children but also their coach is (be) fond of playing football. ②Not only the coach but also the children are (be) fond of playing football. (2)句型转换 As we all know, reading classics can not only improve our studying career but also enrich our everyday life. (改为倒装句) →As we all know, not_only_can_reading_classics_improve_our _studying_career but also enrich our everyday life. 　　　　　　　　　　　　 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Happiness is a way of travel, not a destination (目的地)． 2．I have $50, but that isn't nearly enough for my journey fare (车 费)． 3．The climbers tried to find a new route (路线) to the top of the mountain. 4．It's the first time that the painting has been displayed (展示) to the public. 5．You'd better keep all your receipts (收据) for work­related expenses. 6．Don't try to solve a problem with a single (单一的) point of view; there may be many other ways of solving the same problem. 7 ． After they take everything into consideration, they trusted themselves more and returned (返回) to their positions. 8．The traffic congestion (拥塞) in the city gets even worse during the summer. 9．One of the solutions (解决方法) to the problem of heavy traffic is to reduce the number of vehicles. 10．The taxi driver blew his horn (喇叭) to tell us that he had arrived. Ⅱ.单句语法填空 1 ． One of the solutions (solve) to the heavy traffic problem is to reduce the number of vehicles. 2．These new discoveries have broken new ground in the exploration (explore) of the universe. 3．Provided/Providing (provide) that he doesn't agree to help us, who should we turn to for help? 4．The security system will not permit you to_enter(enter) without the correct password. 5．Be sure to switch off the light when you leave the office. 6．The Dragon Tower, from whose top visitors can have a good view of Harbin, attracts hundreds of tourists every day. 7 ． By the end of last week, 600 people from 50 countries had_registered (register) to attend the meeting, with nearly half coming from the United States, Germany and Britain. 8．They chatted a lot on the phone and helped the girl get through the awful days and always put her in a good mood. 9．Some of his works are_being_displayed (display) in the museum at present. Would you like to go there with me to enjoy them? 10．He had his leg broken (break), but he often got around with the help of a stick. Ⅲ.单句改错 1．We bought the house at convenience. It's very near the shop where I work.at→for 2．If he hadn't had a work permission, he wouldn't have been given an opportunity to work in this company.permission→permit 3 ． There is a limit to people's life, but no limit to learn the knowledge.learn→learning 4．I wanted to know how the students reacted with my words.with→to 5．Mr Wang will make a impressive speech in the hall tonight.a→an 6．The old temple whose roof was damaged in the storm is now under the construction.去掉 construction 前的 the 7．It was getting dark; I found a car sticking in a pool by the side of the road.sticking→stuck 8 ． Smoking does great harm to our health. In no time is smoking allowed in public places.In→At 9．Every day reading a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.reading→read 10．Take the chance, and you will regret it.and→or/otherwise Ⅳ.语段填词 1．Her father would not permit her to drive alone even though she had got her driving permit. Without her father's permission,_she had to go out by bus. (permit) 2．Most of us like the convenience of using credit cards to buy things as it is convenient to carry. (convenient) 3 ． Bob is moody,_so I'm in no mood to talk with him about the business.(mood) 4．The natural resources we have are limited. Therefore, we have no reason to waste the precious resources without limit. (limit) 5．He reacted badly against the boss's decision, whose reaction was also reacting upon his colleagues. (react) 6 ．When asked about his impression of Beijing, he said that he was deeply impressed by its unique human landscape, and that the Palace Museum was the most impressive architecture he'd ever seen. (impressive) 7 ． As an explorer,_he dreams of exploring the outer space one day.(explore) Ⅴ.完成句子 1．你能在方便的时候过来帮我一把吗？(convenient) Can you come and give me a hand when it_is_convenient_for_you? 2．和快乐的人在一起，你就会每天都快乐。(祈使句＋and＋陈述 句) Stay_with_happy_people,_and you will be happy every day. 3．在开车进城之前，你要把你的车洗了。(have sth. done) Before driving into the city, you are required to have_your_car_washed. 4．智能手机不仅占用我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的身体健康非 常有害。(not only...but also...) Smartphones not_only_take_up_our_valuable_time,_but_also do great harm to our health. 5．吉姆问我这音乐是否值得一听。(be worth doing) Jim asked me whether the music is_worth_listening_to. Ⅵ.微写作 2019 年有报告显示，美国洛杉矶市是世界上最拥堵的城市之一。 假如你是洛杉矶市民 Jenny，针对交通堵塞问题，请你给洛杉矶市长写 一封信，提出自己的建议。要点如下： 1．天气允许的话，人们应该乘坐公交车或骑车而不是开车； 2．为了方便人们出行，政府应该投资更多的钱来改善公共交通； 3．应该有各种各样的活动来提高人们对这个问题的意识； 4．这不仅给我们提供了一个美好的生活环境，还使我们有个好心 情。 注意：1.请根据以上要点写一篇 100 词左右的短文； 2．尽量使用本模块的知识点； 3．可适当增加细节。 Dear Mayor， I'm writing to give_some_suggestions_to_improve_our_city's _transportation,_which_has_become_an_increasingly_great_concern_for_p eople_in_cities. To begin with, weather permitting, people should take buses or travel by bicycle instead of driving cars. In addition, the government should have more money invested in improving public transportation, so as to make it convenient for people to get around. Most importantly, various activities should be held to raise people's awareness. It will not only provide us with a pleasant surroundings, but also make us in a good mood. Yours sincerely， Jenny Ⅶ.课文语法填空 You can use different means of transport to get around in Beijing. __1__ (simple) raise your hand, __2__ a taxi appears in no time. You should check the cab __3__ (have) a business permit, and make sure you ask for a receipt. There are 20,000 buses and trolleybuses in Beijing, __4__ provides a cheap way to get around. But they can get very crowded, so __5__ is a good idea __6__ (avoid) them during the rush hour. Tourists shouldn't miss the 103 bus which offers one of __7__ (impressive) routes. Minibuses offer an alternative to expensive __8__ (taxi) and crowded public transport. Underground trains are fast and __9__ (convenience), but rush hours can be terrible. Tricycles are worth __10__ (use) if you want to explore the narrow alleys of old Beijing. 1．Simply　2.and　3.has　4.which　5.it　6.to_avoid 7．the_most_impressive　8.taxis 9．convenient　10.using 学习至此，请完成课时作业 20