上海交通大学附属中学高三英语下册开学摸底考试卷 21页

上海交通大学附属中学2014-2015学年度第二学期 高三英语摸底考试试卷 II.Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Direction:After reading the passages below,fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,used one word that best fits each blank.‎ ‎(A)‎ My dad was a fisherman,and he loved the sea.He had his own boat, but it was hard making a living on the sea. He worked hard and would stay out he caught enough to feed the family. Not just enough for our family, for his Mom and Dad and the other kids that were still at home.‎ He was a big man, and he was strong from pulling the nets and fighting the seas for his catch. When you got close to him, he smelled the ocean.He would wear his old canvas,foul-weather coat and his bibbed overalls.His rain hat would be pulled down over his brow. ‎ ‎ hard mu mother washed them,they would still smell of the sea and of the fish.‎ When the weather was bad, he drive me to school. He had this old truck that he used in his fishing business.That truck was older ‎ than he was.As he would drive toward the school.I would shrink down into the seat (hope)to disappear.Half the time,he would salm to a stop and the old truck would belch a cloud of smoke.He would pull right up in front of the school,and it seemed like everyone would be standing around and watching.Then he would lean over and give me a big kiss on cheek and tell me to be a good boy.It was so embarrassing for me. ‎ I remember the day I decided I was too old for a good-bye kiss. When we got to the school and came to a stop, he had his usual big smile. He started to lean toward me, but I put my hand up and said, ‘No, Dad.’ ‎ It was the first time I had ever talked to him that way, and he had this (surprise)‎ look on his face.‎ ‎ I said, ‘Dad, I’m too old for a good-bye kiss. I’m too old for any kind of kiss.’ ‎ ‎ My Dad looked at me for the longest time, and his eyes started to tear up. I had never seen him cry. He turned and looked our the windshield. ‘You’re right,’ he said. ‘You are a big boy. I won’t kiss you anymore.” ‎ It wasn’t long after that when my Dad went to sea and never came back.It was a day when most of the fleet stayed in ,but not Dad.He had a big family to feed.They found his boat adrift with its nets half in and half ‎ out.He must have gotten into a gale and was trying to save the nets and the floats,but...‎ ‎ You don’t know I would give to have my Dad give me just one more kiss on the cheek… to feel his rough old face… to smell the ocean on him… to feel his arm around my neck. I wish I had been a man then. If I had been a man, I would never have told my Dad I was too old for a good-bye kiss.” ‎ ‎(B)‎ Google is to start building its own self-driving cars,rather than modifying vehicles built by other manufactures.The car will have a stop-go button no controls, steering wheel or pedals.‎ Pictures of the Google vehicle show it looks like a city car with a "friendly" face, designed to make it seem non-threatening and help people accept self-driving technology. Co-founder Sergey Brin revealed the plans at a conference in California.‎ ‎"We're really excited about this vehicle - it's that will allow us to really push the capabilities of self driving technology, and understand the limitations," said Chris Urmson, director of the company's self-driving project.‎ He added that the cars had the ability to "improve people's lives by transforming mobility". ‎ But some researchers working in this field (investigate)‎ ‎ potential downsides to driverless car technology. They believe they could make traffic and urban sprawl (bad), as people accept longer commutes as they do not have to drive themselves.‎ It looks almost cartoon-like, it has no traditional bonnet at the front, and the wheels are pushed to the corners.It will seat two people, propulsion will be electric, and at the start it will be limited to 25mph (40km/h) to help ensure safety. ‎ The most significant thing about the design is that it does not have any controls, apart from a stop/go button. For early testing, extra controls (fit) so one of Google's test drivers can take over if there is a problem. ‎ The controls will simply plug in, and Mr Urmson believes that over time, as confidence in the technology grows, they will be removed entirely. The front end of the vehicle is designed to be safer for pedestrians, with a soft foam-like material a traditional bumper would be, and a more flexible windscreen, which may help reduce injuries.‎ The vehicle will use a combination of laser and radar sensors camera data to drive autonomously. It will depend on Google's road maps, built specifically for the programme, and tested on the company's current fleet of vehicles.‎ Section B Directions:Complete the following passage by using the words in the ‎ box.Each word can only be used once.Note that there is one world more than you need.‎ A. adaptable B.advocates C.applications D.commercially E.common F.fighting G.mostly H.know I.push J.recognize K.tailors Pictures this:You stop in front of a digital advertising display at a mall and suddenly an ad of makeup pops up,followed by one for shoes and then one for canilla ice cream.It seems to that you're a woman in your late 20s and, in fact, it does. When you looked at the display, it scanned your facial features and its messages to you.Once the stuff of science fiction and high-tech crime , facial recognition technology has become one of the newest tools in marketing, even though privacy concerns abound.Kraft Foods Inc. and Adidas say they are planning to experiment with it as early as this year to their products.‎ The commercial of facial recognition are in contrast to those being used by law enforcement to identify specific individuals. Companies, at least at this point, just want to pinpoint a demographic based on age and gender to tailor their ads.‎ But even this facial recognition-lite alarms privacy , given that it ‎ could greatly popularize and expand use of the technology.‎ Intel Corp., which makes such software, said it's widely ."You can put this technology into kiosks, vending machines, digital signs," said Christopher O'Malley, director of retail marketing for Intel's embedded and communications group. "It's going to become a much more common thing in the next few years."‎ So far, the technology is use commercially in Japan, where a variety of businesses use it to customize ads.‎ III.Reading Comprehension Section A Ambition is a necessary quality in life. It is the ____51___ which drives us on to use whatever talent we have got. If we haven’t got some degree of ambition, these talents will not be used for our own and others’ ___52____. ‎ Ambition, __53_____, can have several defects.First of all,it can be ___54____. We may not be able to see the limits of our own abilities, so we do ambitious things that are completely beyond us. Our career masters can see our good qualities and our limitations ____55___. They may tell us that we haven’t the ability to deal with people and would make good businessmen. We refuse to take their evaluation. We keep on trying. Many years and many ____56___ later we are forced to accept their ___57_____. But what a waste of time our ill-founded ambition has ‎ caused us! ‎ Secondly, our ambition can be too ___58_____. Our attention is devoted to one narrow aim, such as getting distinctions in our science subjects. Everything that may draw us away from this aim is cut out of our lives. In the end we get our distinctions. But what damage we have caused ourselves in the process! We are isolated beings who only care about a particular examination. And we probably won’t make good scientists. We ___59____ the breadth of vision necessary for success in higher level.‎ Thirdly, our ambition can be limited to lifeless objectives. We want to gain money, or power, or membership of some circles. Persons who feel inferior try to ___60____ by seeking the respect of others through possessions of these artificial signs of worth. ‎ Fourthly, our ambition may be ____61____. Instead of directing some of our ambition towards community improvement we may exploit members of the community in the interests of self-advancements. In later life we may be ambitious for the success of our children but we regard this success as only a further ____62____ of our own success. ‎ Ambition is necessary in the lives of individuals---necessary for their own improvement and for the improvement of the ____63____ in which they live. But, like all blind forces, it must be directed if it is not to cause disaster. It must be tightly controlled by the head and the heart.‎ ‎ Otherwise ambition may ____64____ too high a price in terms of human qualities.‎ ‎51. A. mean B. force C. courage D. action ‎52. A. justice B. affection C. benefit D. emotion ‎53. A. however B. therefore C. besides D. furthermore ‎54. A. unpredictable B. unusual C. unrealistic D. unfavorable ‎55. A. objective B. positive C. amusingly D. negatively ‎56. A. miracles B. recoveries C. occasions D. disappointments ‎57. A. notice B. solution C. judgment D. measure ‎58. A. devoted B. concentrated C. separated D. isolated ‎59. A. caused B. made C. driven D. troubled ‎60. A. omit B. lack C. own D. value ‎61. A. take in B. make up C. turn down D. give out ‎62. A. self-centered B. self-disciplined C. self-satisfied D. self-controlled ‎63. A. time B. image C. design D. mark ‎64. A. family B. community C. section D. position ‎65. A. possess B. satisfy C. overtake D. demand Section B ‎(A)‎ ‎ Franz Kafka wrote that "a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. " I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn't seem to require any explanation.‎ ‎ We’d just finished John Steinbeck's novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I.‎ "Are you crying?" one girl asked. "I am," I told her, "and the funny thing is I've read it many times. "‎ ‎ But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I've taught kids with imprisoned ‎ parents, abusive(辱骂的) parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel's terrible logic—the giving way of dreams to fate .‎ ‎ For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school--one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan's upper classes—into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional "cultural capital" could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.'s.‎ ‎ Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn't always read from the expected point of view. I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth's speech read as raps (说唱) , but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck's writing, one boy went on to ‎ read The Grapes of Wrath and told me how amazing it was that "all these people hate each other, and they're all white. " His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.‎ ‎ Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read complex text, not for emotional punch but for text complexity. Yet, we can’t enrich the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do no. amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach that reading can be transformative(起改造作用的) and that it belongs to them.‎ ‎66. The sentence"a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. " in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to________‎ A. translate our dreams into action B. fill our heart with happiness '‎ C. steel our hearts to overcome difficulties D. awake our deep emotions ‎67. Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?‎ A. Because they had similar life experiences. ‎ B. Because they were bred in a violent society. ‎ C. Because they obtained a sufficient explanation from the teacher. ‎ D. Because they had read the novel many times. ‎ ‎68. The girl left the selective high school probably because_______.‎ A. she wasn’t a literary-minded girl . B. her parents were immigrants.‎ C. she couldn't fit in with her class . D. her father was then in prison.‎ ‎69.The author writes the passage mainly to________.‎ A. suggest reading classic works of literature creatively .‎ B. propose teaching literature to touch the heart.‎ C. argue against inequality among high school students D.criticize the current education system ‎ ‎(B)‎ Business People Are So Gloomy About America ‎ Profits may be at a record high, but American businessfolk are feeling glum. Some moan that their pipeline-postponing president, Barack Obama, doesn’t understand how business works. Others worry that America itself is becoming dysfunctional. Much of this feeling is not soundly based, but it matters nonetheless.‎ ‎ A survey published on January 18th offers unsettling detail. Fully 71% of the business people investigated expected America’s competitiveness to decline over the next three years. Some 45% said that ‎ American firms will find it harder to compete in the global economy. A startling 64% said that American firms will find it harder to pay high wages and benefits.‎ ‎ The survey is from Harvard‎ Business ‎School, which in October persuaded nearly 10,000 of its 78,000 alumni to complete a questionnaire. Two-thirds were based in America; the remainder were spread across countries. Some 91% had worked during the past year over half in manufacturing, finance or professional services. More than a quarter described themselves as a chief executive, chairman, founder, owner or something equally exalted(高位的).‎ ‎ Intriguingly, the Harvard alumni were gloomy about where America is headed, rather than how it is now. Some 57% felt that today the business environment in America was somewhat or much better than the global average; only 15% said it was worse. But when asked to compare its prospects with those of other industrialised economies, only 9% felt that America was pulling ahead; some 21% said it was falling behind. A striking 66% expected America to lose ground to Brazil, India and China; only 8% thought it would pull away from them. Those in globally competitive sectors were gloomiest; those who ran hotels or utilities were more cheerful.‎ ‎ The Harvard alumni identified several areas in which America has an edge: its universities, its spirit of enterprise and innovation, its ‎ business clusters, its system of property rights, its capital markets and even the quality of its business managers . Its lead in some of these areas is increasing, they reckoned.‎ Surveys like this matter because the pessimism they reveal is reflected in the decisions bosses make. ‎ ‎70. The word glum in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to __________.‎ A.optimistic B. depressing '‎ C. disappointed D. assured ‎71.How does the author describe the survey results?‎ A. They’re discomforting. B. They’re pessimistic. ‎ C. They’re quite objective. D.They’re unreasonable. ‎ 72. What is opinion of the investigated Harvard alumni on the overall competitive ability of the U.S?‎ A. All hold that it’s quite difficult to make a precise prediction on it .‎ B. Most think that the U.S.‎ will not be as competitive as at present.‎ C. More than half of them think that it will remain stable for many years .‎ D.Nearly 50 percent believe that the U.S.‎ will keep its edge in the future .‎ ‎73. According to the survey results ,America does not hold an advantage in_______.‎ A. its capital markets B. its higher education.‎ C. its prospects . D. its enterprise sprint C The Alison project- Advanced Learning Interactive Systems Online- has already signed up more than two million students to more than 500 online courses. But this ambitious project isn’t another Silicon Valley spin-off, fuelled by venture capital and a surfeit of sunshine and flow charts. While the new wave of online course-so-called Moocs, such as Coursera and edX, have become darlings of the digital media, why has Alison not had the same attention? Mr. Feerick, the founder; says the big difference is who they are trying to reach. It’s the academic versus vocational skills and training.‎ There are courses in subjects such as computer skills, learning English, basic accountancy, building a website, food safety, and introductions to legal studies. He is planning to expand into secondary level, with video lessons customized for national exam systems, beginning with mathematics.‎ Organisations from the IMF to the OECD to the European Union have all spoken of the urgency of providing vocational, workplace skills to tackle dangerously high levels of youth unemployment. But Alison has been putting this into practice. A deal struck earlier this year will provide online training for 12 million young people in the Arab world. Many of those accessing the free courses are at the margins of formal education - low-skilled workers, the unemployed and immigrants.‎ Alison's other big difference is that it is profitable. The courses are ‎ free because of advertising revenue. The social mission is underpinned by a strong business sense. Mr Feerick says his approach to social entrepreneurship was influenced by his own business mentor, Chuck Feeney, a celebrated US investor in ideas and education, who took him under his wing when Mr Feerick had been studying at Harvard. Inspired by his example, Mr Feerick says he wanted to combine thinking big commercially while maintaining a sense of social purpose.‎ He sees the internet as making an irresistible impact on education, in the way it has in other industries, with a few giants emerging to dominate the multi-trillion dollar education market. "There is going to be huge consolidation worldwide into a small number of platforms for learning, because it's going to be very hard to compete with them," he predicts, likening it to how Amazon has become the global bookseller.‎ ‎74. What can be infer about the courses provided by Alison?‎ ‎ A. They focus on improving people’s skills required for different jobs.‎ ‎ B. They focus on helping people have more academic achievement.‎ ‎ C. They focus on teaching people how to enjoy the present life.‎ ‎ D. They focus on helping students gain admission to universities.‎ ‎75. Most of the users of Alison are those who ________.‎ ‎ A. are executives in companies B. are studying in colleges ‎ C. do not have university education D. are retired and lonely ‎76. What did Mr. Feerick think was the mission of Alison?‎ ‎ A. Help young people in poor areas find a job ‎ B. Earn enough profit and fulfill social duty as well ‎ C. Support hi-tech startups survive in the market ‎ D. Remove exam certificates from education system ‎77. Mr. Reerick predicts that future education market will _________________.‎ ‎ A. attract more investment from other indudtries ‎ B. provide a platform for Alison to earn more profit ‎ C. totally rely on online learning platforms ‎ D. be controlled by several super big companies Section C The environment we are in affects our moods, ability to form relationships, effectiveness in work or play- even our health. In addition, the early childhood environment has a very crucial roles in children’s learning and development for two important reasons.‎ ‎ First, young children are in the process of rapid brain development. In the early years, the brain develops more synapses or connections than it can possibly use. Those that are used by the child form strong connections, while the synapses that are not used gradually disappear.‎ ‎ Children’s experiences help to make this determination. The national Scientific Council of the Developing Child compares the development of the brain to constructing a house, starting, “ Just as a lack of the right materials can result in blueprints that change, the lack of appropriate experiences can lead to alternations in genetic plans.’’ They further state, “Building more advanced cognitive, social, and emotional skills on a weak initial foundation of brain architecture is far more difficult and less effective than getting things right from the beginning.” Because children’s experiences are limited by their surroundings, the environment we provide for them has a crucial impact on the way the children’s brain develops.‎ ‎ The second reason that the early childhood environment has such a strong role in children’s development is because of the amount of time children spend in these environments. Many children spend a large of their wakeful hours in early childhood settings. For example, a baby beginning child care will spend up to 12,000 hours in the program. This is more time than he will spend in both elementary and secondary school. Children will typically spend another 4,000 hours in kindergarten through third grade classrooms.‎ ‎ The early childhood environment that this baby enters will reflect the children’s philosophy, values, and beliefs about children and learning through either deliberate design or careless overlook. It provides ‎ messages to all those who enter- children, parents, and staff. Is this a place where I am welcomed and where my physical, social and intellectual needs will be met? Is this an environment where I am seen as worthwhile and competent? Do I passively receive information in this environment, or am I actively engaging in the construction of knowledge? Does someone think I am special enough to provide a beautiful environment for my benefit? Antia Rui Olds, a well-known environment designer, believes that we should design our early childhood environments for miracles, not minimums. She states:‎ ‎ “Children are miracles. Believing that every child is miracle can transform the way we design for children’s care. When we invite a miracle into our lives, we prepare ourselves and the environment around us. We may set out flowers or special offerings. We may cleanse ourselves, the space, or our thoughts of everything but the love inside us. We make it our job to create, with great respect and gratitude, a space that is worthy of a miracle! Action follows through. We can choose to change. We can choose to design spaces for miracles, not minimums.”‎ ‎(Note: Answer the questions or complete the sentences in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)‎ ‎78. How does the early childhood environment contribute the rapid development of the brain based on the first important reason？‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎79. The numbers in Paragraph 3 are used to illustrate that ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎80. What is the teacher’s role in the early childhood on environment?‎ ‎81. Anita Rui Olds believes that we should create the early childhood environments for children with ‎__________________________________________________________________________‎ 第II卷 ‎1.冰桶挑战着手于提高公众对于疾病的意识，好找更多的人参与并为急需的人筹钱。（need n.）‎ ‎2.更有意义的说给予孩子们在目前社区中所得不到关注和支持，并希望他们长大后献身于使埃及的社区更强大。（sense n.）‎ ‎3，上星期，成千上万人出席了一名抗议者的葬礼，据称抗议者被政府特工绑架和殴打，并弃于山林中，在那里他冻死了。（who）‎ ‎4. 这项新政策旨在鼓励校长和教师找到处罚学生的替代方法，允许学生任何时候都留在校内， 这样他们就不会学习上掉队或在校外出现更严重的问题。（aim）‎ ‎5. 令人感动的是，已故中国流行歌手姚贝娜，未能战胜乳腺癌。她做出的临终愿望是捐出其眼角膜（cornea）, 由于传统观念的束缚，这在中国是极其罕见的。两位患者由于其捐献会重返光明世界。（late）‎ Ⅱ. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below.‎ Imagine that you are preparing for a trip. You plan to be away from your home for a year. In addition to clothing and personal care items, you can take one additional thing. What would you take and why? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.‎