高中英语人教版必修5课件：Unit 5　Section Ⅰ　 55页

Unit 5 First aid 主题语境 : 人与自我 —— 生活与学习 Words : about 290 ; Time : 6 minutes 【语篇导读】 具备一定的急救知识在关键时刻可以帮助人们争取救援时间。但应该如何展开急救呢 ? Have you ever thought of a situation where as an untrained lay person,you found yourself in a road traffic accident scene and thought within yourself that you couldn ’ t possibly offer any assistance?After all,you are not trained and you are not sure of what to,or not to do. Okay then,how about some common sense?Yes,common sense! The following “first aid sense” applies in many emergency situations. First,stay at a safe distance from the scene. ① Assess the risks involved.This is not a formal assessment,just a quick use of your “head”.Be sure that you can get close safely,if you choose to help.Look around for ② elements that can make the emergency worse. Call the Emergency Response Services as soon as possible and give as many details as possible.   In a road traffic accident,for example,get close safely and look for ③ casualties that might have been thrown off and hidden in unsafe places such as beneath the cars. Moving the casualties is often not the first thing to do,especially when one is untrained.So,try to respond to the casualties ’ need where possible in the position they are found.Only move them away from danger if it is safe to do so. Remember,as much as possible,do not harm the casualties further.   Where ambulance services might be ④ delayed,keep removing the casualties ’ fear and stay positive.You might want to keep in touch with the Emergency Response Services. Work with other ⑤ onlookers and follow the instructions of any trained person . Lastly,work with the emergency ⑥ responders,when they finally arrive at the scene. You may choose to help further,but only and only if you are asked.   词海拾贝 ① assess [ ə̍ ses] vt. 估价 , 估计 ; 评定 , 核定 ② element [ ̍ el ɪ m ə nt] n . 因素 ③ casualty [ ̍ k æ ʒ u ə ltI] n . 受伤者 ④ delay [d ɪ̍ le ɪ ] v . 推迟 ⑤ onlooker [ ̍ɒ nl ʊ k ə (r)] n . 旁观者 ⑥ responder [rI ̍ sp ɒ nd ə (r)] n . 应答者 ; 回答者 典句欣赏 1 .Call the Emergency Response Services as soon as possible and give as many details as possible. 尽快给应急服务部门打电话 , 提供尽可能多的细节。 2 .Remember,as much as possible,do not harm the casualties further. 记住 , 尽可能不要进一步伤害伤者。 3 .You may choose to help further,but only and only if you are asked. 你可以选择继续提供帮助 , 但这仅仅限于要求你这么做的情况下。 理解 诱思 1 .What can be a suitable title for the text? A.A Road Traffic Accident B.The Common Sense of First Aid C.The Emergency Response Services D.Elements That Can Make the Emergency Worse 2 .When you are in a road traffic accident scene,what should you do? 参考答案 : 1.B 2.Staying at a safe distance from the scene is the first step.If I can offer some help,I must make sure that I can get close safely.Calling the Emergency Response Services as soon as possible is the best choice.What ’ s more,I must be sure not to harm the casualties further.Lastly,work with the emergency responders if they ask me to.   Section Ⅰ 　 Warming Up,Pre-reading,Reading & Comprehending Pre-reading While-reading Post-reading 一、词义匹配 　 A 　　　　　　　　　　　 B 1 .aid a.too painful to stand 2 .injury b.to flow quickly 3 .complex c.help or support 4 .unbearable d.hard to understand 5 .pour e.physical harm or damage 6 .damp f.to press something firmly 7 .squeeze g.slightly wet 8 .swell h.to become bigger or rounder 9 .variety i.a different kind of something 10 .mild j.not violent,not extreme 答案 : 1.c 　 2.e 　 3.d 　 4.a 　 5.b 　 6.g 　 7.f 　 8.h 　 9.i 　 10.j Pre-reading While-reading Post-reading 二、短语识义 1 .squeeze out 　　 　　   2 .in place 　　 　　   3 .fall ill 　　　 　   4 .over and over again 　　　 　   5 .electric shock 　　 　　   三、词汇延伸 1 .poison n. 毒药 ; 毒害　 vt. 毒害 ; 使中毒 → 　　　　　　 adj. 有毒的 ; 有害的   2 .injury n. 损伤 ; 伤害 → 　　　　　　 vt . 使受伤 → 　　　　　　 adj. 受伤的   榨出 ; 挤出 在适当的位置 ; 适当 生病 反复 ; 多次 触电 ; 电休克 poisonous injure injured Pre-reading While-reading Post-reading 四、当我们碰到意外发生的时候 , 可以采取哪些 措施 1 .   2 .   3 .   4 .   5 .   答案 : 略 Pre-reading While-reading Post-reading 五、阅读课文 “ FIRST AID FOR BURNS ”, 按照正确的顺序排列下列话题 　　　 the three types of burns   　　　 what to do if someone gets burned   　　　 the functions of the skin   　　　 the symptoms of burns   　　　 how we get burned   答案 : 3,5,1,4,2 Pre-reading While-reading Post-reading 六、阅读课文 “ FIRST AID FOR BURNS ”, 回答下列问题 1 .What is your body ’ s largest organ? A.The head. B.The skin. C.The leg. D.The arm. 2 .How many types of burns are there altogether? A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four. 3 .Before the medical help can be got,what should you do? A.To remove the victim from the source of the burn. B.To remove the victim ’ s clothing stuck to the burned area. C.To break the blisters to prevent the victim from getting infected. D.To try to keep the heat of the burned area. 答案 : B 答案 : C 答案 : A Pre-reading While-reading Post-reading 4 .What are characteristics of first degree burns? A.Black and white and charred. B.Rough,red and swollen. C.Rough,red and dry. D.Dry,red and mildly swollen. 5 .When someone is burned,what should be done first? A.Remove clothing. B.Dry the burned area gently. C.Cool burns immediately. D.Get the victim to the doctor or hospital. 答案 : D 答案 : A Pre-reading While-reading Post-reading 七、阅读课文 “ FIRST AID FOR BURNS ”, 完成下列短文 There are three 1. 　　　　　 (type) of burns.They are called first,second or third degree burns,depending on 2. 　　　　　 layers of the skin are burned.   First degree burns affect only 3. 　　　　　 top layer of the skin.These burns 4. 　　　　　 (be)not serious and should feel 5 . 　　　　　 (good) within a day or two.Examples include mild sunburn and burns caused by 6. 　　　　　 (touch) a hot pan,stove or iron for a moment.   Second degree burns affect 7. 　　　　　 the top and the second layer of the skin.These burns are serious and take a few weeks to heal.Examples include severe sunburn and burns 8. 　　　　　 (cause) by hot liquids.   types which the are better touching both caused Pre-reading While-reading Post-reading Third degree burns affect all three layers of the skin and any tissue and organs 9. 　　　　　 the skin.Examples include burns caused by electric shocks,burning clothes,or severe petrol fires.These burns cause very severe 10. 　　　　　 (injure) and the victim must go to hospital at once.   under injuries 1.First aid is a temporary form of help given to someone who suddenly falls ill or gets injured before a doctor can be found. ( P33 ) 急救是在找到医生之前 , 对突然病倒或受伤人员的一种临时救助。 剖析 who 引导一个定语从句 :who suddenly falls ill or gets injured; 过去分词短语 given to someone 在句子中做定语 , 可以改为定语从句 :that/which is given to someone 。 ① To return to the problem of water pollution,I ’ d like you to look at a study conducted in Australia in 2012. 为了回到水污染问题 , 我想让你看一看 2012 年在澳大利亚进行的一项研究。 ② Donald Trump,born in June,1946,was elected American President. 出生于 1946 年 6 月的唐纳德 · 特朗普当选美国总统。 ★ 考点一 　 aid n.& vt. 帮助 ; 援助 ; 资助 ③ I believe they will come to our aid . 我相信他们会来帮助我们。 归纳 词组 come to one ’ s aid 的意义是 “ 来帮助某人 ” 。 ④ Holker once again opens its gardens in aid of the disadvantaged. Holker 再次开放了其公园以此来帮助弱势群体。 归纳 词组 in aid of 的意义是 “ 用以援 ( 资 ) 助 , 作为援 ( 资 ) 助 …… 之用 ” 。 ⑤ The people all over the world aided them with money,medicine and other things. 全世界人民在金钱、药品和其他物品方面援助他们。 归纳 词组 aid sb.with sth. 的意义是 “ 在某方面帮助某人 ” 。 考点延伸 阅读下列句子 , 指出黑体词的搭配及意义 ⑥ We may travel with the aid of a good map. =We may travel with a good map ’ s aid . 搭配 with the aid of sb./sth.=with sb. ’ s/sth. ’ s aid   意义 在某人 / 某物的帮助下 ⑦ It is necessary to learn how to give/do first aid . 搭配 give/do first aid 　 意义 ( 对伤患者 ) 进行急救   ⑧ They aided us in solving the problem. 搭配 aid sb.in doing sth. 　 意义 帮助某人做某事   come to one ’ s aid 来帮助某人 in aid of 用以援助 , 作为援助 …… 之用 aid sb.with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 with the aid of sb./sth.= with sb. ’ s/sth. ’ s aid 在某人 / 某物的帮助下 give/do first aid 进行急救 aid sb.in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 ★ 考点二 　 injure vt. 伤害 ; 损害 ⑨ A month before my first marathon,one of my ankles was injured and this meant not running for two weeks. 第一次马拉松比赛之前一个月 , 我的一只脚踝受了伤 , 这就意味着两周之内不能跑步。 ⑩ These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. 这些化学成分来自植物受伤的部分 , 这似乎是一个警报。 11 Make sure you don ’ t over train.You don ’ t want to get injured before the competition. 别过度训练了。你不会想在比赛前受伤吧。 归纳 get injured 的含义是 “ 受伤 ” 。 12 After the traffic accident,people rushed to help the injured . 交通事故发生后 , 人们快速前来帮助伤者。 归纳 the injured 的含义是 “ 受伤的人 ; 伤员 ” 。 考点延伸 阅读下列句子 , 指出黑体词的词性及含义 13 They are required to process the food that we eat,to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. 词性 名词 　 含义 伤口 14 Your words do an injury to the little girl. 你的话对这个小女孩来说是一种伤害。 词性 名词 　 含义 伤害 2.If possible , discuss what kind of first aid you should give in these situations. ( P33 ) 如果可能的话 , 讨论一下在这些情况下你们应该实施哪种急救。 剖析 if possible 为省略句结构 , 完整的句子是 If it is possible 。另外 , 由 once,if,as,unless,though,when 等引导的状语从句中 , 如果主句的主语和从句的主语一致 , 且从句中谓语动词是 be+ v. -ed 或 v.-ing 时 , 其从句结构可省略为连词加 v. -ed 或 v.-ing 。 ① Call me tonight if (it is) possible. 如果可能的话今晚给我打个电话。 ② Whenever (it is) possible,he will come to my aid. 他一有可能就来帮助我。 ③ When (I was) waiting for a bus,I met Tom. 我在等公交车时碰到了汤姆。 3.You have three layers of skin which act as a barrier against disease , poisons and the sun’s harmful rays. ( P33 ) 皮肤有三层 , 它们是防病、防毒、抵御太阳有害光线侵害的一道屏障。 剖析 句中的 which 引导定语从句 , 修饰 three layers of skin 。 ★ 考点 　 poison n. 毒药 ; 毒害 　 vt. 毒害 ; 使中毒 ① It is a deadly poison and if he drank it he ’ d probably die. 这是一种致命的毒药 , 他要是喝下去很可能会丧命。 ② Large sections of the river have been poisoned by toxic( 有毒的 ) waste from factories. 工厂的有毒废弃物污染了大面积的河流。 考点延伸 阅读下列句子 , 指出黑体词的词性及含义 ③ Jealousy poisoned their friendship. 词性 动词 　 含义 破坏 ④ If she had been aware that the mushrooms were poisonous ,she would not have picked them for dinner. 词性 形容词 　 含义 有毒的 4.You can get burned by a variety of things : hot liquids , steam , fire , radiation ( by being close to high heat or fire , etc. ), the sun , electricity or chemicals. ( P34 ) 你可能由于各种原因而被烧伤 : 灼热的液体、水蒸气、火、辐射 ( 由于靠近高温或大火等 ) 、阳光、电或化学物品。 ★ 考点一 　 variety n. 变化 ; 多样 ( 化 ); 多变 ( 性 ) ① 【高考典句】 (2019· 天津高考 )Most of us,in fact,progressively narrow the variety of our lives. 事实上 , 我们中的大多数人逐渐缩小了生活的范围。 ② Join us to taste a variety of fresh local food and drinks. 加入我们来品尝各种各样新鲜的地方饮食。 ③ At school we learn varieties of things. 在学校我们学习各种东西。 归纳 varieties of=a variety of, 意义是 “ 各种各样的 ” 。 考点延伸 阅读下列句子 , 指出黑体词的词性及含义 ④ (2019· 北京高考 )No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various activities on Earth Day. ⑤ Anger seems simple when we are feeling it,but the causes of anger are various . 词性 形容词 　 含义 各种各样的 ⑥ Prices vary according to the type of room you require. 词性 动词 　 含义 改变 ★ 考点二 　 close to 靠近 ; 接近 ⑦ Stay close to your teacher and classmate. 靠近你的老师和同学。 ⑧ I live close to the post office. 我住的地方离邮局近。 归纳 close to 常与 get,live,be 等动词连用 , 其中 close 可以是 形容 词 , 也可以是 副 词。 考点延伸 阅读下列句子 , 指出黑体词组的意义 ⑨ The cost was close to $1 million. 意义 接近于 / 差不多 ⑩ He looks much older when you see him close to . 意义 从近处 5.Remove clothing using scissors if necessary unless it is stuck to the burn. ( P34 ) 除非衣服粘贴在烧伤面上 , 否则都要把衣服脱掉。如果需要的话 , 可以使用剪刀。 剖析 本句是一个复合句 ,unless 引导的是一个条件状语从句。 using scissors 在句子中做方式状语。 ★ 考点一 　 unless conj. 如果不 , 除非 ① 【高考典句】 (2019· 天津高考 )Tom is so independent that he never asks his parents ’ opinion unless he wants their support. 汤姆是如此的独立以至于他从不询问父母的意见 , 除非他需要他们的帮助。 ② Unless you change your mind,I won ’ t be able to help you. =If you don ’ t change your mind,I won ’ t be able to help you. 除非你改变想法 , 否则我不能帮助你。 ③ You should keep working unless I tell you to stop. =You should keep working if I don ’ t tell you to stop. 除非我叫你停 , 否则你就得继续干。 考点延伸 ④ If you hadn ’ t helped me,I would have been killed in the accident. 如果你没有帮我 , 我就会在事故中丧生了。 ( 虚拟语气 , 不能用 unless 改写 ) 归纳 unless 不可用于假想的事情 , 因此当 if...not 引导非真实条件状语从句时 , 一般不用 unless 替换。 ★ 考点二 　 stick to 坚持 ; 固守 ⑤ If you work out bright and early in the morning,you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. 如果你早上锻炼的话 , 你更可能一整天都坚持健康的食物选择。 ⑥ Everyone shall stick to his word. 每个人都应该信守诺言。 6.Hold the bandage in place with tape. ( P35 ) 用胶布把绷带固定。 ★ 考点 　 in place 在适当的位置 ; 适当 ① Then lay the tube in place so that one end rests all the way in the cup. 然后把管子放在合适的位置 , 这样一端就一直倚靠在杯子中。 ② Mary ’ s dress was quite in place at the ceremony. 玛丽的礼服非常适合那个典礼。 考点延伸 阅读下列句子 , 指出黑体词的搭配及意义 ③ Plastics are often used in place of wood or metal. 搭配 in place of 　 意义 代替   ④ Everything in the room is out of place . 搭配 out of place 　 意义 在不适当的位置   ⑤ (2019· 全国 Ⅲ 高考 )This development did not take place overnight. 搭配 take place 　 意义 发生 / 举行   ⑥ Do you think the Internet can take the place of newspapers? =Do you think the Internet can be in newspapers ’ place ? 搭配 take the place of=be in one ’ s place 　 意义 代替 ; 替代   in place 在适当的位置 ; 适当 in place of 代替 out of place 在不适当的位置 take place 发生 , 举行 take the place of=be in one ’ s place 代替 ; 替代   7.If the injuries are second or third degree burns , it is vital to get the victim to the doctor or hospital at once. ( P35 ) 如果属于二度或三度烧伤 , 就必须立即把患者送去看医生或送往医院。 剖析 句中 it 是形式主语 , 真正的主语是 to get the victim...at once 。 it 经常用来代替不定式或从句 , 做形式主语或形式宾语。 考点延伸 阅读下列句子 , 指出句子的主语 , 并翻译句子 ① It is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited. 主语 to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited   翻译 当你兴奋的时候 , 更难放松下来平静地睡一觉。 ② It worried her a lot that her son didn ’ t say much at home recently. 主语 her son didn ’ t say much at home recently   翻译 近来她的儿子在家很少说话 , 这让她很担心。 ★ 考点 　 vital adj. 极其重要的 ; 必不可少的 ; 生死攸关的 ③ Technology is vital for agricultural development. 对于农业发展来说 , 技术非常重要。 考点延伸 vital 如果用于主语从句 , 即 “It is vital that...”, 此时主语从句必须使用虚拟语气 , 即 “should+ 动词原形 ”,should 可以省略。类似的形容词还有 essential,necessary,important,natural 等。 ④ It was vital that the children (should)learn how to operate the computers. 孩子们学会如何操作电脑是极其重要的。 8.Sam broke the blisters and poured icy water from the fridge onto the skin. ( P35 ) 山姆把水泡弄破 , 然后把冰箱里的冷水浇在皮肤上。 ★ 考点 　 pour vt.& vi. 倒 ; 灌 ; 注 ; 涌 ① She poured a glass of water. 她倒了一杯水。 ② Look! It ’ s going to pour .You ’ d better put your bike in the garage. 瞧 ! 要下大雨了。你最好把自行车放在车库。 ③ The crowd poured out of the concert hall. 人群从音乐厅涌出来。 考点延伸 阅读下面句子 , 指出黑体词的含义 ④ They have poured money into the tourist industry. 含义 大量投入 一 二 三 一、写作词汇检测 用所学的单词或短语完成下列对话或语篇 1 .—What happened to the old man? —He 　　　　　 ( 噎住 ) when he ate his food too quickly.   2 .—What do you think people need to keep healthy? —In my opinion,they need 　　　　　　　 ( 多样化 )in our diet.   3 .—Look at the door.It ’ s so narrow. —If I want to go in,I have to 　　　　　　　 ( 挤入 )through it.   4 .—Your injured ankle began to 　　　　　　 ( 肿 ).You should be careful.   —Thank you.I will . choked variety squeeze swell 一 二 三 5 .When Tom ’ s arm got burnt,his father used 　　　　　 ( 剪刀 )to remove his clothes.Then he covered the burned area with a 　　　　　 ( 绷带 )and told Tom to hold the bandage 　　　　　　　　　　　 ( 在适当的位置 ).   scissors bandage in place 一 二 三 二、阅读词汇检测 写出画线部分的汉语意思 Jack couldn ’ t go to school because of his injury in an accident.His ankles 1. 　　　　　　 hurt and his doctor gave him some medicine.The doctor said that there was nothing serious with Jack ’ s ankles because first aid was given in time.It is vital 2 . 　　　　　　　　 to give first aid to a person who gets injured, chocked 3. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　 or burned.Though first aid is only a temporary 4. 　　　　　　　　　　 form of help,it can save a person ’ s life in varieties of 5. 　　　　　　 accidents.   踝 ( 关节 ) 至关重要的 ( 使 ) 噎住 ;( 使 ) 窒息 暂时的 ; 临时的 各种各样的 一 二 三 三、用适当的介词填空 1 .A concert was given 　　　　　　 aid of the flood area.   2 .He left the city for a variety 　　　　　　 reasons.   3 .If you stick 　　　　　　 the truth,you have nothing to fear.   4 .The boy became upset because he was prevented 　　　　　　 watching TV.   5 .The girl was quite 　　　　　　 pace in the party.   6 .His support is vital 　　　　　　 our project.   in of to from in for