山东省淄博市2020届高三三模（6月）英语试题 Word版含解析 21页

- 1 - 部分学校高三阶段性检测题 英语试题 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写 在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分 50分) 第一节（共 15小题；每小题 2.5分，满分 37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Global Hotel Study: When to Book & How to Save While vacation rentals are a great option for any trip, 56% of Americans prefer to stay in a hotel. Meanwhile, Americans are also looking for a stay that’s budget-friendly. Knowing that your day-to-day costs can be the biggest part of your travel budget, we’ve rounded up several tips on how to get the best price on your hotel. Unlike with flights, those who wait until the last minute to book can often score a great deal on a hotel room. We found that booking your hotel 1-3 days in advance of your stay can save you between $15-20 per night when you’re staying somewhere in the US. For international trips, booking as little as 6 days ahead for a shorter stay can help you save around $6/night. With these points in mind, here’s our best advice on when to book your hotel and how to save. When to Book Domestic International Cheapest Day to Book Friday/ Saturday Friday/Saturday Most Expensive Day to Book Tuesday Monday/Wednesday Cheapest Check-In Days Sunday Sunday or Tuesday Most Expensive Check-In Days Friday Saturday - 2 - Our tips will help you create a good foundation for getting the best price possible when you search. And in order to be sure you’re getting the hotel you want, we’ve created powerful filters(筛 选程序) that’ll narrow down all your options to the perfect one. These are the most popular filters used on KAYAK. Whatever your plans are for your next stay, we’ll search hundreds of travel and hotel sites at once. So you can be confident you found the best price on the perfect hotel. 1.Which is the best way to save money while traveling in America? A. Book on Friday and check in on Sunday B. Book on Monday and check in on Friday. C. Book on Saturday and check in on Monday. D. Book on Saturday and check in on Thursday. 2.Which factor is most valued according to KAYAK? A. Swimming pool. B. Included breakfast. C. Free Internet access. D.View from hotel room. 3.Where is this text most likely from? A. A report B. Awebsite. C. A research paper. D.Amagazine. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在旅行中如何更科学、更便宜地选择和预定酒店。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。直接检索原文第二段后的表格，题目中的限定范围为“in America”，则对应表 格中的左栏“domestic”，根据表格内容，周五或周六预定最为便宜，周日入住最为实便宜， - 3 - 故 A中的“周五预定，周日入住”为四个选项中的最佳选择，故选 A。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段后的图表内容，Free Wifi（免费WIFI）在 60%-70%之间，所占 权重最高，故是最重要的考虑因素，即对应 C选项中的“免费互联网接入”，故选 C。 【3 题详解】 推理判断题。本题要求判断文章出处，这是一篇旅行预定酒店的攻略。根据最后一句Whatever your plans are for your next stay, we’ll search hundreds of travel and hotel sites at once.”无论你的 下一次入住计划是什么，我们都会立刻搜索数百个旅游和酒店网站。由此判断出短文来自网 站。故选 B。 B Every week, two converted blue buses packed with children’s books carefully drive along the streets of Kabul, avoiding areas where deadly explosions are common. These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, delivering a wealth of reading material directly to youngsters who have limited access to books. “A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.” While for many people a bus or train journey presents a rare opportunity to get stuck into a book, in some cities public transport is being used as means of getting books to communities that need them most. Afghanistan, for example, has one of the world’s lowest literacy rates, with only three in 10 adults able to read, according to UNESCO. The majority of public schools in Kabul do not have libraries and the city’s libraries do not offer many children’s books. For Karim, buses were a cost-effective, efficient way to get books to children. Charmarghz rents them from a state-owned bus company. “We go to nearby schools” she says. “We try to stop inside communities rather than on the main streets where explosions often happen.” The organization is funded by donations from local business and communities, and also rents a third bus that acts as a mobile cinema. Over 600 children visit the buses each day to read, socialise and play games. “They are often very excited,” she says. “Our biggest challenge is that so many children want to come inside the bus, but we can’t have all of them in one day.” - 4 - 4. Why does Freshta Karim set up the organization? A. To raise money for the poor. B. To recycle abandoned buses. C. To build libraries for the local schools. D. To offer the children more reading opportunities. 5. What is special about Charmarghz? A. It’s funded by UNESCO. B. It’s a state-owned organization. C. It buys buses from a company. D. It aims to inspire critical thinking. 6. What is the most pressing problem for Charmarghz? A. Deadly explosions. B. Poor public transport system. C. Shortage of travelling libraries. D. Lack of support from the government. 7 Which of the following best describes Freshta Karim? A. Caring and courageous. B. Humorous and ambitious. C. Demanding and enthusiastic. D. Honest and hardworking. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. C 7. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了 27岁的牛津大学毕业生 Freshta Karim在家乡创办了非营利 组织 Charmaghz，来为孩子们提供更多的阅读机会。阿富汗是世界上识字率最低的国家之一， 喀布尔的大多数公立学校没有图书馆，对 Karim 来说，Charmaghz 用巴士给孩子们送书是一种 经济有效的方式。 【4 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中 These travelling libraries stop off at schools in different parts of the city, delivering a wealth of reading material directly to youngsters who have limited access to books.可知 这些流动图书馆会在城市的不同地区的学校停留，直接为那些接触书籍不多的年轻人提供丰 富的阅读材料。由此可知，Freshta Karim 建立了这个组织，是为了给孩子们提供更多的阅读 机会。故选 D。 【5 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our - 5 - country.”可知“我们城市的很多学校都没有像图书馆这样的基础设施，”27岁的牛津大学毕业 生 Freshta Karim说，她在成长过程中没有很多书，受启发在家乡创办了非营利组织 Charmaghz。 “我们试图弄清楚我们能做些什么来促进我们国家的批判性思维。”由此可推知，Charmarghz 特别之处在于，它的目的是激发批判性思维。故选 D。 【6 题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段 The organization is funded by donations from local business and communities, and also rents a third bus that acts as a mobile cinema. Over 600 children visit the buses each day to read, socialise and play games. “They are often very excited,” she says. “Our biggest challenge is that so many children want to come inside the bus, but we can’t have all of them in one day.”可知该组织的资金来自当地企业和社区的捐赠，并租用了第三辆巴士作为移动电影 院。每天有 600多名儿童来巴士上阅读、社交和玩游戏。“他们通常非常兴奋，”她说。“我 们最大的挑战是，这么多孩子想要进来，但我们不可能在一天之内让所有的孩子都进来。” 由此可推知，Charmarghz最迫切的问题是缺少流动图书馆。故选 C。 【7 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“A lot of schools in our city don’t have access to something as basic as a library,” says Freshta Karim, a 27-year-old Oxford University graduate who was inspired to start Charmaghz, a non-profit organization, in her home city having grown up without many books herself. “We were trying to understand what we could do to promote critical thinking in our country.”可知“我们城市的很多学校都没有像图书馆这样的基础设施，”27岁的牛津大学毕业 生 Freshta Karim说，她在成长过程中没有很多书，受启发在家乡创办了非营利组织 Charmaghz。 可知 Karim 创办了非盈利组织来帮助那些没有书看的孩子们，说明 Karim是个乐于助人的人； 结合倒数第二段 Charmarghz rents them from a state-owned bus company. “We go to nearby schools,” she says. “We try to stop inside communities rather than on the main streets where explosions often happen.”可知 Charmarghz从一家国有公交公司租借。“我们去附近的学校，” 她说。“我们尽量在社区内停车，而不是在经常发生爆炸的主要街道上。”可推知，Karim 敢 于在动荡不安的阿富汗创办让更多儿童读书的项目，说明 Karim是个勇敢的人；由此可推知， Freshta Karim是一个乐于助人且勇敢的人。故选 A。 C The British people have just discovered a new country. It’s called the UK! More and more people are choosing to take their holidays in their own country rather than travel abroad. - 6 - In the late 1970s, air travel became affordable for the average family in the UK, and more and more British people started travelling abroad for their summer holidays (July-August). After all, the British weather isn’t very good, even in summer, so a lot of Britons leave the UK for a vacation. Particularly popular with families on a budget is the “package holiday”, where the cost of flights and accommodation are offered as one discounted price by travel agents. In the 1980s and 1990s, young people in the UK became more wealthy. As a result, the Club 18-30 holiday became popular. Young people started to go abroad in groups, to places such as Spain and Greece. Once at their destination, they socialised with other groups of young people and had one long party. British holidaying habits have begun to change, however. Climate change means that the UK now has a warmer climate than before, so people don’t always feel they need to go overseas to find good weather. Also, the world seems a less certain place as interconnected economies rise and fall, which means that the cost of foreign holidays is less predictable than it used to be. As a result, more and more Britons are choosing to spend their summer holidays in the UK. In recent years, British hotels in areas such as the English Lake District have seen a large increase in bookings. That rise is mainly owing to the British staying in their own country for their holidays. In addition, for some foreign tourists, the UK is a cheaper place to visit than previously because of changes in the value of the British pound. The UK has always been famous for its international explorers, but now it is starting to discover itself. 8. What is the feature of the Club 18-30 holiday? A. Young people went abroad with their family. B. Young people got lots of money from their family. C. Young people took part in social activities abroad. D. Travel agents offered a better discount to young people. 9. Why do British people prefer domestic holidays now? A. They are wealthier and more social. B. The global weather is becoming predictable. C. The UK is famous for its beautiful scenery. D. The expense on foreign holidays is unsteady. - 7 - 10. How is the text mainly organized? A. In order of frequency. B. In order of time. C. In order of space. D. In order of importance. 11. What is the best title for the text? A. Holidays and Habits B. Weather and Scenery C. Travels and Economies D. Package Holiday and Culture 【答案】8. C 9. D 10. B 11. A 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国人旅行潮流的变化，过去他们习惯于飞往世界各地度 假，而现在他们逐渐发现自己的国家——英国也是一个度假的好去处。 【8 题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第三段 As a result, the Club 18-30 holiday became popular. Young people started to go abroad in groups, to places such as Spain and Greece. Once at their destination, they socialised with other groups of young people and had one long party.可知，结果，俱乐部 18-30 岁 的节日变得流行起来。年轻人开始成群结队地出国，去西班牙和希腊等地。一到目的地，他 们就和其他的年轻人进行社交，并举行了一场长时间的聚会。由此可知，18-30岁假日俱乐部 的特色是年轻人在国外参加社会活动。故选 C。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据原文第四段 Also, the world seems a less certain place as interconnected economies rise and fall, which means that the cost of foreign holidays is less predictable than it used to be.可知，此外，随着相互关联的经济体起起落落，世界似乎变得不那么确定了，这意味着 国外度假的成本比过去更不可预测。由此可知，英国人现在更喜欢国内度假，因为国外度假 的费用不稳定。故选 D。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。本题要求判断文章的篇章结构是如何组织的，根据原文内容，其先总领开头介 绍文章大意，进入正文之后按时间先后顺序进行写作，各段开头“In the late 1970s”、“In the 1980s and 1990s”、“In recent years”起了强烈的提示作用。故选 B。 【11 题详解】 主旨大意题。本题要求判断文章的最佳标题，总结本文内容，其主要介绍的是英国人旅行潮 流、度假习惯的变化，由过去的国外旅行转为国内度假，位于第一段的全文主题句“More and - 8 - more people are choosing to take their holidays in their own country rather than travel abroad.”精 准概括了文章内容，故 A选项中的两大关键词“holidays”和“habits”准确契合文章主题。 故选 A。 D Tell a child they need to experience another painful medical procedure, and you’ll probably have a kid filled with fear and anxiety. Tell that same child they’ll have a chance to strike flying cheeseburgers in outer space while their doctor works on them, and they might feel a little different. That night-and-day difference in how kids respond to the treatment of their doctors is the reason for Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital Stanford’s innovative use of virtual reality technology. Packard Children’s lets kids participate in experiences that can significantly reduce their anxiety — and even their pain. This isn’t the first time Packard Children’s has introduced those innovative methods. In 2015, Thomas Caruso, M.D., the founder of Packard Children’s Childhood Anxiety Reduction through Innovation and Technology (CHARIOT) program, introduced the Bedside Entertainment and Relaxation Theater (BERT). The system projects videos on a large screen attached to patients’ gurneys(装有轮子的床) so they can watch movies and music videos all the way to the operating room. And in early 2017, CHARIOT launched an interactive video game called Sevo the Dragon, which projects on the BERT screen, so the tiniest patients have something fun to do while breathing medicine through a mask. “Children shouldn’t grow up being afraid to go to the doctor to have a shot, but certain experiences can cause strong unreasonable fear that last into adulthood. Needle phobia(晕针) is a common example of that, and it is the primary reason adults avoid important immunizations(免疫) like flu shots.” Caruso told Stanford Medicine News Center. VR distraction therapy is being used for kids at Packard Children’s as young as age 6 in specific areas like the emergency department, and the tool will be widely used in all of the Children’s Health’s surgery clinics by the end of 2020. 12. What is paragraph 1 mainly about? A. Doctors’ favor of eating cheeseburgers. B. Kids’ fear and anxiety towards doctors. C. Doctors’ working on saving the children. - 9 - D. Kids’ different reactions to medical treatment. 13. What is the purpose of the CHARIOT program? A. To ease the patients’ worries. B. To introduce a new technology. C. To help children to breathe medicine. D. To show advertisements to the patients. 14. What does the underlined word “it” refer to in paragraph 4? A. A kind of flu. B. The fear of needle for no reason. C. The immune system. D. A kind of medicine for children. 15. The VR therapy offers __________ experiences to the patients. A. disappointing B. conventional C. relaxing D. unreasonable 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。告诉孩子他们需要经历另一个痛苦的医疗过程，孩子可能会充满恐惧和焦 虑，所以斯坦福大学露西尔·帕卡德儿童医院创新使用虚拟现实技术疗法来配合孩子的治疗， 到 2020年底，该项技术将广泛应用于所有儿童健康外科诊所。 【12 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Tell a child they need to experience another painful medical procedure, and you’ll probably have a kid filled with fear and anxiety. Tell that same child they’ll have a chance to strike flying cheeseburgers in outer space while their doctor works on them, and they might feel a little different”可知，告诉一个孩子他们需要经历另一个痛苦的医疗过程，你可能会让孩子充 满恐惧和焦虑。告诉同一个孩子，当他们的医生给他们治疗的时候，他们将有机会在外太空 中吃到飞行的奶酪汉堡，他们可能会觉得有点不一样。由此可知，第一段主要在说孩子们对 医疗的不同反应。故选 D项。 【13 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Packard Children’s lets kids participate in experiences that can significantly reduce their anxiety — and even their pain.”可知，Packard 儿童用品让孩子们参与 到可以显著减少焦虑甚至痛苦的体验。由此判断出 CHARIOT的目的是减轻病人的忧虑。故选 A项。 - 10 - 【14 题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Needle phobia(晕针) is a common example of that, and it is the primary reason adults avoid important immunizations(免疫) like flu shots.”可知，针头恐惧症就是一个常 见的例子，它也是成年人避免接种流感疫苗的主要原因。根据上下文语境可以判断出，毫无 理由的恐惧针也是成年人避免接种流感疫苗的主要原因。所以 it 指代的是“毫无理由的恐惧 针”。故选 B项。 【15 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The system projects videos on a large screen attached to patients’ gurneys(装有轮子的床 ) so they can watch movies and music videos all the way to the operating room.” 该系统将视频投射到病人的担架上的大屏幕上，这样病人就可以在手术室全程观看电 影和音乐视频。根据第三段“so the tiniest patients have something fun to do while breathing medicine through a mask.” 因此，最小的病人在通过面罩呼吸药物时，会有一些有趣的事情做。 由此判断出，虚拟现实疗法为患者提供放松的体验。故选 C项。 第二节(共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Being able to communicate effectively with others is an essential skill for people of all ages. _____16_____ People who want to develop those skills can learn how to do this from self-help books, workshops, and from the advice of other people. _____17_____Active listening involves a person listening carefully and attentively to the person speaking, restating what the other person has said — or what comes across — in a brief and nonjudgmental manner. _____18_____ Becoming effective at active listening is one way to increase trust and understanding in a relationship, whether it is a personal or professional one. Another tip to developing and improving interpersonal communication skills is to use feedback for different types of communication. Before giving speeches and presentations, it is always well advised to practice them before an audience and to ask for feedback before giving the real speech or presentation. _____19_____ It also is essential in developing communication skills to use appropriate body language and eye contact. _____20_____ For example, using direct eye contact and body language that indicates openness, such as uncrossed arms, can help to get across that a person is ready and willing to listen - 11 - and to speak openly. A. It is essential to learn how to communicate politely. B. These nonverbal signals can convey the true feelings. C. Most people can benefit from improving their communication skills. D. Being active listening doesn’t mean people have to employ it continuously. E. This kind of listening focuses more on understanding than on giving advice. F. By doing so, we can ensure the messages are easily understood and come across as intended. G. One of the best tips for developing communication skills is to learn and practice effective listening. 【答案】16. C 17. G 18. E 19. F 20. B 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文。对所有年龄段的人来说，能够有效地与他人沟通是一项必不可少的技能。 文章就如何进行有效的沟通提出了几条建议。 【16 题详解】 上一句提到“对所有年龄段的人来说，能够有效地与他人沟通是一项必不可少的技能。”承 接上文，C选项“大多数人都能从提高他们的沟通技巧中获益。”切题，也能够引出下文的沟 通技巧；且该选项中的“communication skills”对应下文中的“those skills”。故选 C项。 【17 题详解】 由下文内容，尤其是后文中的“Active listening”可知，此段与“倾听”紧密相关，可知，G 项“培养沟通技巧的最好方法之一就是学习和练习有效的倾听。”切题。且该选项中的“One of the best tips”与下一段段首的“Another tip”相呼应。故选 G项。 【18 题详解】 根据上文可知，积极地倾听要仔细认真的倾听讲话人说话，简单的重述。要求我们要理解说 话人的想法，而不是根据说话内容给出建议。E选项“这种倾听更注重理解而不是给出建议。” 切题。该小题容易选错 D选项“积极倾听并不意味着人们必须不断地使用它。”这一段要求 我们要学会积极倾听的方法，与进行积极倾听的频率无关，可以推断 D项语义不通顺。故选 E 项。 【19 题详解】 根据前文内容可知，此段介绍的沟通技巧是“对不同类型的沟通使用反馈。” F 选项“通过 - 12 - 这样做，我们可以确保信息很容易被理解和传达。”切题，对在沟通中进行反馈的好处进行 了说明。故选 F项。 【20 题详解】 根据前文内容可知，使用适当的肢体语言和眼神交流对培养交流技巧也是至关重要的。B选项 “这些非语言信号可以传达真实的感觉。”切题，为下文介绍非语言信号作铺垫。且该选项 中的“These nonverbal signals”对应前后文内容。故选 B项。 【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词 和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。其次是一些专有名 词，比如说数词、代词、时间、年代、地点/名称等。在本文中，第 1小题中的“communication skills”，第 2小题中的“One of the best tips”，第 5小题中的“These nonverbal signals”均与 上下文有相呼应的词语。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分 30分) 第一节(共 15小题；每小题 1分，满分 15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。 As our Earth’s temperature warms up because of climate change, it is having unexpected effects on our world’s forests. When temperatures rise, trees close their skins to _____21_____ the loss of water, and this, in turn, slows down the _____22_____ of photosynthesis(光合作用). As a result, these trees are shorter and grow slowly, as well as have a _____23_____ death rate. Climate change also increases the _____24_____ of droughts and wildfires. After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to _____25_____ , and in some cases, the forests are _____26_____ permanently. Trees that are stressed are also _____27_____ to attacks by bacteria(细 菌). In tropical forests, vines that use the trees as _____28_____ can often choke the trees and rob them of nutrients. Finally, humans have _____29_____ the forest landscape through logging. When trees are replanted on the soil, they will never grow as large as the ______30______ trees that were cut down. As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change, ______31______ the variety of those systems. ______32______ , some endangered species are unable to ______33______ and die. Old-growth forests are disappearing in all regions of our world. When forests die, younger forests that are reestablished in the same area grow back weaker and - 13 - smaller ______34______ poor vegetation. With trees dying increasingly and continuously, will future generations ______35______ out on the wonders of forests? 21. A. protect B. prevent C. save D. free 22. A. movement B. situation C. process D. operation 23. A. higher B. firmer C. lighter D. smaller 24. A. choice B. measure C. qualification D. chance 25. A. grow B. rescue C. recover D. decline 26. A. ignored B. lost C. hurt D. left 27. A. accessible B. enjoyable C. acceptable D. favorable 28. A. attention B. command C. trust D. support 29. A. frightened B. paid C. ruined D. wasted 30. A. common B. original C. distant D. strong 31. A. affecting B. improving C. forgetting D. reflecting 32. A. Besides B. Surprisingly C. Otherwise D. Unfortunately 33. A. devote B. keep C. adapt D. lead 34. A. due to B. in addition to C. instead of D. in spite of 35. A. pass B. miss C. break D. bring 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了由于气候变化，地球温度上升，这对我们世界的森林产生 了意想不到的影响。先是温度上升导致树木矮小，生长缓慢，死亡率高；其次，气候变化也 增加了干旱和野火的可能性，野火导致了森林的消失，因此以森林为“家”的物种被迫发生 改变，甚至死亡。 【21 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过 来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A. protect保护；B. prevent阻止；C. save 拯救；D. free释放。根 据后文 the loss of water可知树木将皮肤闭合是为了阻止水分的流失。故选 B。 【22 题详解】 - 14 - 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当温度上升时，树木会将树皮闭合，以防止水分流失，而这反过 来又会减慢光合作用的进程。A. movement活动；B. situation情况；C. process进程；D. operation 操作。结合上下文语境，树木闭合了树皮来防止水分流失，这反过来又减缓了光合作用的进 程（process）。故选 C。 【23 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这些树较矮，生长缓慢，死亡率也较高。A. higher 更高 的；B. firmer更坚固的；C. lighter更明亮的；D. smaller更小的。根据上文 these trees are shorter and grow slowly 可知树木矮小，生长缓慢，所以死亡率也会更高了。故选 A。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：气候变化也增加了干旱和野火的可能性。A. choice选择；B. measure 测量；C. qualification 资格；D. chance可能性，机会。根据后文 After wildfires 可知全球气温 升高增加了干旱和野火发生的可能性。故选 D。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下，森 林会永久无法恢复。A. grow 生长；B. rescue营救；C. recover恢复；D. decline下降。结合上 文 After wildfires, it takes a while for the forest systems to 可知野火焚烧了森林之后，森林系统需 要时间才能恢复。故选 C。 【26 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：野火过后，森林系统需要一段时间才能恢复，在某些情况下， 森林会永久无法恢复。A. ignored 被忽视的；B. lost无法恢复的；C. hurt受伤的；D. left 左边 的。结合上文可知野火焚烧了森林，森林需要时间来恢复，但是某些情况下，森林也可能不 能恢复了。故选 B。 【27 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：压力大的树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。A. accessible易接近的； B. enjoyable快乐的；C. acceptable可接受的；D. favorable 赞成的。根据后文 to attacks by bacteria 可知树木也容易受到细菌的攻击。短语 be accessible to“容易进入的，容易接近的”。故选 A。 【28 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在热带森林中，以树木为支撑的藤本植物经常会窒息树木，并剥 夺树木的营养。A. attention注意力；B. command命令；C. trust信任；D. support支撑，支持。 结合上文 vines that use the trees as可知藤本植物是以树木为支撑的，故选 D。 - 15 - 【29 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后，人类通过伐木，毁坏了森林景观。A. frightened使害怕；B. paid支付；C. ruined毁灭；D. wasted 浪费。结合后文 the forest landscape through logging 可知 人类伐木毁坏了森林景观。故选 C。 【30 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当树木被重新种植在土壤上时，它们永远不会长得像原来被砍 伐的树那么大。A. common普通的；B. original原来的；C. distant遥远的；D. strong强壮的。 结合后文 trees that were cut down可知此处指的是，人们新种植的树木，不会长得像原来被砍 伐的树那么大了。故选 B。 【31 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着这些森林的消失，曾经把它们称为“家”的物种被迫改变， 影响了这些系统的多样性。A. affecting影响；B. improving改善；C. forgetting 忘记；D. reflecting 放射。承接上文 As these forests disappear, species that once called them “home” are forced to change可知森林的消失，改变了这些物种，也影响了这些物种的多样性。故选 A。 【32 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A. Besides 而且；B. Surprisingly 惊人地；C. Otherwise 否则；D. Unfortunately 不幸地。根据后文 some endangered species are unable to可知某些物种很不幸地是，无法适应这些改变，只能死亡。故选 D。 【33 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，一些濒危物种无法适应而死亡。A. devote贡献；B. keep 保持；C. adapt适应；D. lead 带领。根据上文 species that once called them “home” are forced to change可知物种被迫发生改变了，而某些物种无法适应，只能死去。故选 C。 【34 题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：当森林死亡时，在同一地区重新建立的年轻森林由于植被不良，而变 得更弱更小。A. due to因为；B. in addition to另外；C. instead of而不是；D. in spite of尽管。 根据后文 poor vegetation 可知此处指年轻森林由于（due to）植被不良，而变得更弱更小。故 选 A。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着树木不断地死亡，子孙后代会错过森林的奇迹吗？A. pass通 过；B. miss错过；C. break打破；D. bring带来。结合后文 out on the wonders of forests可知此 - 16 - 处指错过森林的奇迹。短语 miss out“错过”。故选 B。 第二节(共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分， 满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The big advantage to using an unmanned drone(无人机) as opposed to a manned aircraft is that the drone can be sent into _____36_____ (danger) locations. Drones have stepped forward as efficient tools in promoting knowledge about preventing infection and taking up tasks _____37_____ (include) checking body temperatures _____38_____ spraying disinfectant(消毒剂) amid the novel coronavirus epidemic(新冠病毒疫情) in China. A picture taken by Xinhua News Agency showed _____39_____ operator using his drone to check the temperatures of residents in a community in Yichun, Jiangxi province, on Jan 29. The drone, _____40_____ (equip) with a special camera and a loudspeaker, can detect people with fever at a certain distance and broadcast messages about protective _____41_____ (measure) to residents, a Xinhua report said. That way, the spread of the virus could _____42_____ (prevent), it said, since people did not need to be in close contact. In other places, drones are being used to patrol villages and urban roads to check for any behavior _____43_____ might contribute to the spread of the virus, such as people not wearing masks _____44_____ public. The scientists said the new technology can be ______45______ (wide) applied and is ready for more fields in the future. 【答案】36. dangerous 37. including 38. and 39. an 40. equipped 41.measures 42. be prevented 43. that /which 44. in 45. widely 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了无人机技术在抗击新冠疫情中的应用。 【36 题详解】 - 17 - 考查形容词。句意：与有人驾驶的飞机相比，无人机的最大优点是无人机可以被送进一些危 险的地区。根据空后的名词 locations可知，空处应使用形容词作定语，故填 dangerous。 【37 题详解】 考查介词。句意：无人机在推广关于阻止感染和执行任务的知识方面作为一种有效的工具向 前迈进了一步，包括在中国新冠病毒疫情中测体温和喷消毒剂。分析句子可知，此处应使用 介词 including，意为“包括”。故填 including。 【38 题详解】 考查连词。“checking body temperatures”和“spraying disinfectant”之间是并列关系，应使用 并列连词 and连接。故填 and。 【39 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：新华社拍的一张照片展示了在 1月 29号，江西宜春，一名操作者正使用他 的无人机在社区给居民测体温。operator是可数名词，此处泛指“一名操作者”，且 operator 发音是以元音因素开头，故用不定冠词 an，故填 an。 【40 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：一篇新华社的报道说，配备一个特殊的照相机和扩音器的无人机， 可以在一定距离测出发烧的人，并且可以向居民广播一些保护性的措施。分析句子可知，空 处应使用非谓语动词，equip和主语 The drone 之间是动宾关系，所以使用过去分词作后置定 语。故填 equipped。 【41 题详解】 考查名词。measure是可数名词，此处指“保护性措施”，应使用复数形式，故填 measures。 【42 题详解】 考查被动语态及情态动词用法。句意：它说，因为用这种方法人们不需要近距离接触，病毒 的传播就可以被阻止。动词 prevent与主语 the spread of the virus之间是被动关系，应使用被动 语态，情态动词 could后接动词原形，故填 be prevented。 【43 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在其他地方，无人机被用于村庄巡查和都市道路，检查任何有可能造 成病毒传播的行为。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是 behavior，关系词在从 句中作主语，应使用 that /which引导，故填 that /which。 【44 题详解】 考查介词。句意：比如人们在公开场合不戴口罩。in public是固定搭配，意为“在公共场合”， - 18 - 故填 in。 【45 题详解】 考查副词。句意：科学家说这个新技术可以被广泛应用。修饰动词 applied应使用副词形式， 故填 widely。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分) 第一节(满分 15分) 46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 James对中国敦煌艺术展很感兴趣，来信向你咨询。请你给 他提供一些建议，内容包括： 1.参观前的准备； 2.邀请他来体验。 注意：1.词数 80左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯； 3.信的开头和结尾已为你写好。 Dear James, ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear James, You have asked me for my advice with regard to Dunhuang Art Exhibition and I will try to make some conducive suggestions here. You’d better surf the Internet to gain a general knowledge of the history and culture of Dunhuang in advance. You will feel shocked if you could see this amazing art. I’d like to accompany you to visit Dunhuang and I am willing to share further details about this issue. I hope my suggestions will be of help to you. Yours sincerely, Li Hua - 19 - 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇提纲类写作。 【详解】第 1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你的英国朋友 James对中国敦煌艺术展很感 兴趣，来信向你咨询。请你给他提供一些建议，内容包括：1.参观前的准备；2.邀请他来体验。 第 2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：ask for advice(寻求意见)；with regard to (关于)； conducive (有益的)；surf the Internet (上网)；in advance (提前)等。 第 3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要 应用一般将来时、现在完成时和一般现在时。 第 4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。 【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表 达方式，如 You will feel shocked if you could see this amazing art.运用条件状语从句；I’d like to accompany you to visit Dunhuang and I am willing to share further details about this issue.非谓语动 词运用。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、 层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。 第二节 (满分 25分) 47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 续写的词数应为 150左右。 I woke at 5:30 A.M. after a restless night’s sleep. I slowly unzipped the tent door to inspect the new day. Just like yesterday, the wind had dropped. It was another beautiful Arctic day. I crawled out of my sleeping bag unwillingly. I am normally a morning person but the intense cold outside made that morning most unappealing. Anyhow, it was time to greet Charlie and start the day. My dog Charlie was up and it was bouncing up and down at the end of his chain looking well rested. I poured what looked like a pound of dog food into his bowl. Stepping out of the tent, I looked around for bears or tracks and saw none. It would never be a good thing to meet a polar bear. An Inuit (因纽特人) once told me that I should watch out for polar bears. He said that if I met a polar bear, I should keep the following rules in mind. First, keep eye contact, move sideways or slightly forward, never backward, stay calm. Do not show fear and stand beside a large object to make myself appear as large as possible. Weapons like flare gun(信号枪) are - 20 - necessary, but do not shoot unless forced to. Don’t wound a bear, or you'll make it even more dangerous, and never run. It was only six o’clock, so I decided to have a leisurely breakfast of a bowl of milk powder, coconut flakes, and butter mixed with warm water. I sat on my sled（雪橇） to enjoy my first breakfast of the expedition only to find that after the third spoonful it was frozen. So much for leisurely breakfasts! I added more warm water and ate the rest as fast as possible. Suddenly I heard a deep, long growl coming from Charlie’s throat. In a flash I looked at him and then in the direction in which he was staring. It was a female polar bear followed by two cubs （幼崽） slowly, purposefully, toward me. They were two hundred yards away. Paragraph 1: With my heart quickening, I grabbed my loaded flare gun and carefully walked sideways a few steps to Charlie. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ Paragraph 2: The whole event lasted fifteen minutes but seemed years long. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________ 【答案】With my heart quickening, I grabbed my loaded flare gun and carefully walked sideways a few steps to Charlie. Without taking my eyes off the bear, I led him to the sled and fastened his chain to a rope. The bear was getting closer. Remembering all the Inuit had told me, I fired a warning shot to the bear’s left. But on she came. Then, I fired a flare right in front of her. She stopped and looked at me. Then she fixed her eyes on Charlie, who was barking wildly. She looked back at her cubs and waited for them to catch up, then finally moved away toward my right. - 21 - The whole event lasted fifteen minutes but seemed years long. My hands were shaking as I stood still, watching the three slowly move north. But despite the fear, I could feel deep down inside a real satisfaction. I now knew that I could stand up to a bear in the wild and stay calm enough to function and still remember the words from the Inuit. With Charlie’s help I had passed my first test. 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者早上从北极的帐篷中醒来，给他的 狗 Charlie喂了食，走出帐篷没看到任何熊的踪迹，想起因纽特人说的遇到熊的做法，因为时 间还早所以决定悠闲地吃一顿早饭，突然看到一只母熊带着两只幼崽向自己走来。 【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：心跳加快，我抓住信号枪，小心地向一边的 Charlie 走了几步……所以应该写作者看到熊后的反应，即走向 Charlie 把它拴在绳子上，抓住信号枪 向熊开枪警告，熊听到枪声后的反应及 Charlie 看大熊后的反应内容等。第二段开头是：整个 事件持续了十五分钟，但似乎是持续了几年……本段应该熊离开后作者的反应，比如是否会 感到害怕，以及从这次与熊的相遇中的收获等内容。 续写时要求使用 5个以上短文中标有下划线的关键词语增加了写作难度，我们要熟悉所给划 线词语，恰当的时候加以运用。最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为 150左右；续写完成后， 请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。按要求完成写作任务。 【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：take off，in front of，move away 等高级词汇；that I could stand up to a bear in the wild and stay calm enough to function and still remember the words from the Inuit 引导的宾语从句，as I stood still引导的伴随状语从句，With my heart quickening...with复合结构等高级句式。