【英语】2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit4Wildlifeprotection单元学案（31页word版） 31页

‎2019届一轮复习人教版必修二Unit 4Wildlife protection单元学案 单元基础词汇语法搜索 Ⅰ.重点单词聚焦 ‎1．The rise in the price of bread will________(影响) all the people in that small town.‎ 答案：　affect ‎2．Alan asked me to tell you how much he________(感激) your help when he was in London.‎ 答案：　appreciated ‎3．We all dream of our country becoming more and more______(强大的)，ranking the top.‎ 答案：　powerful ‎4．The government shouldn’t________(减少) the income of the workers by raising their taxes.‎ 答案：　decrease ‎5．Some people who are very intelligent and________(成功的) in their fields find it difficult to learn new languages.‎ 答案：　successful ‎6．To our________(宽慰)，the missing child returned home ten days later，tired but healthy.‎ 答案：　relief ‎7．Nowadays，with such a good public transportation system，it’s easy to take trips to________(遥远的) places.‎ 答案：　distant ‎8．The book________(包含) all the information you need.‎ 答案：　contains ‎9．We cannot emphasize too much the________(重要性) of learning English.‎ 答案：　importance ‎10．As the________(收入) level increases，more people can afford a car now.‎ 答案：　income Ⅱ.重点短语扫描 ‎1．in 　　　　　　　和平地；和睦地；安祥地 ‎2．die 　　　 灭亡；逐渐消失 ‎3．burst laughter　　　 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来 ‎4．pay to　　　 注意 ‎5． to　　　 按照，根据……所说 ‎6．in (of)　　　 在危险中；垂危 ‎7． relief　　　 如释重负；松了口气 ‎8．protect... 　　　 保护……不受……(危害)‎ ‎9． into being　　　 形成；产生 ‎10．so 　　　 以至于；结果 ‎11．turn 　　　 转过身；向后转 peace out into attention according danger in from come that around Ⅲ.课文原句突破 ‎1．你应当多加注意我居住的雨林并欣赏一下动物们是如何在一起居住的。‎ You should________ ________ ________ ________the rainforest________I live and appreciate how the animals live together.‎ 答案：　pay more attention to；where ‎2．结果这些濒危动物甚至会消亡。‎ ‎________ ________ ________these endangered animals may even ________ ________.‎ 答案：　As a result；die out ‎3．这是个好消息，它表明了野生动物保护的重要性，不过我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议帮助你们。‎ That’s good news.It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I’d like to help ________ the WWF ________.‎ 答案：　as；suggests ‎4．千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多……‎ They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，________ ________ humans came into being...‎ 答案：　long before contain vt.包含；容纳；克制(强烈的感情等)；抑制 教材原句P26：It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。‎ ‎①Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy.‎ 橘汁里含有对人身体有益的成分。‎ ‎②When you meet him，you must try to contain your anger!‎ 当你见到他的时候，设法抑制你的怒火！‎ ‎③The hall can contain/hold/seat/admit 3,000 people.‎ 这个大厅可以容纳3,000人。‎ 辨析：include与contain ‎(1)include包括，侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。‎ ‎(2)contain包括，侧重“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物。不用于进行时态。‎ 巧学助记：The container contains many kinds of fruits，including apples/apples included.‎ 这容器盛放着许多种水果，其中包括苹果。‎ His school bag contains a lot of books，including a cartoon book.‎ 他的书包里有许多书，包括一本漫画书。‎ ‎1.(全国高考)Little Johnny felt the bag，curious to know what it________.‎ A．collected　　 B．contained C．loaded　　　 D．saved 解析：　句意为：小约翰尼摸了一下袋子，想知道里面装着什么东西。collect收集，搜集；contain含有，装有；load装载；save节省。‎ 答案：　B mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯 教材原句P26：Farmers hunted us without mercy.‎ 农民们总是惨无人道地捕杀我们。‎ ‎①He went down on his knees and begged for mercy.‎ 他跪下来，乞求宽恕。‎ ‎②Having lost engine power，the boat’s crew found themselves at the mercy of the wind.在失去引擎动力之后，船员们发现自己只能任凭风力摆布了。‎ ‎③It was a mercy that the whole family survived the earthquake.‎ 这次地震中一家人都幸免于难，真是不幸中之大幸。‎ ‎2.完成句子 ‎(1)She is a kindhearted woman and often________________(同情) people who are in trouble.‎ ‎(2)__________________(幸运的是) he isn’t seriously hurt.‎ 答案：　(1)has mercy on　(2)It’s a mercy that affect vt.影响；感动；(疾病) 侵袭 教材原句P26：It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.它含有一种强效的药物可以防止蚊虫叮咬。‎ ‎①The south of the country was worst affected by the drought.‎ 该国南方旱情最严重。‎ ‎②She was deeply affected by the news of his death.‎ 他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。‎ ‎③His opinion will not affect my decision.‎ 他的意见不会影响我的决定。‎ ‎④We want to know whether the drug has an effect on people’s health.我们想知道这药对健康是否有影响。‎ ‎3.(上海高考)With the government’s aid，those________by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.‎ A．affect　　　 B．affecting C．affected　　　 D．were affected 解析：　句意为：在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影响的人们已经搬到新的定居点。用affect的过去分词形式作主语those的后置定语，表示“受到地震影响的人们”。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．(2011·山东师大附中高三摸底考试)The several ways he suggested to solve the problem proved of no________.‎ A．effort　　　 B．affect C．effect　　　 D．perfect 解析：　句意为：他建议的用来解决这个问题的几种方法都被证明是无效的。‎ 答案：　C appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到 教材原句P26：You should pay mor attention to the rainforest where I live and appreciate how the animals live together.‎ 你应该关注我居住的雨林并观察动物们如何生活在一起。‎ appreciate＋n./pron./v.ing重视/感激……‎ I would appreciate it if...假如……我将不胜感激 appreciation n．欣赏；感激 ‎①We appreciate your efforts for the development of the company.‎ 我们感激你为公司发展所作的努力。‎ ‎②This film can help you to appreciate more about this novel.‎ 这部电影能够帮助你更好地理解这本小说。‎ ‎③I really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事。‎ ‎④I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with my English.如果你能帮助我学英语，我会十会感激。‎ ‎⑤I’d like to show/express my appreciation for everything you’ve done.我谨对您所做的一切表示感激。‎ ‎5.I really appreciate________to relax with you on this nice island.‎ A．to have had time　　　 B．having time C．to have time　　　 D．to having time 解析：　appreciate后面只能接动名词或名词。‎ 答案：　B ‎6．I appreciated________back and greeting that afternoon after our departure.‎ A．you to call　　　 B．you call C．your calling　　　 D．you’re calling 解析：　appreciate后接v.ing形式表示“感激做某事”。‎ 答案：　C ‎7．(2011·青岛市联合模拟)I would appreciate________，to be frank，if goods could be delivered as soon as possible.‎ A．you　　　 B．this C．it　　　 D．myself 解析：　考查代词。此处it作形式宾语，代替后面的“if goods could be ‎ delivered as soon as possible”。to be frank为插入语。‎ 答案：　C succeed vi.成功；继承；vt.接替；继任 教材原句P27：What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed？如果野生动物保护计划要想成功的话必须要做什么？‎ ‎①If we team up with each other，we will succeed in overcoming the difficulties.只要我们同心协力，就能克服困难。‎ ‎②He had to succeed to the business when his father passed away.他父亲去世时他不得不继承他父亲的事业。‎ ‎③Some people who are successful language learners find it difficult to succeed in other fields.一些人学习语言很成功，但却发现很难在其他领域有所成就。‎ ‎④Finally，I wish this year’s English speech competition a great success.最后我预祝今年的英语比赛取得圆满成功。‎ ‎8.完成句子 ‎(1)我们的宣传活动成功地吸引了更多的顾客。‎ Our advertising campaign has______________________more customers.‎ ‎(2)我们有理由相信2012年伦敦奥运会将会取得成功。‎ We have every reason to believe that the 2012 London Olympic Games __________________________.‎ 答案：　(1)succeeded in attracting　(2)will be a success die out灭亡；逐渐消失 教材原句P25：As a result these endangered animals may even die out.结果，这些濒危动物甚至可能会消亡。‎ ‎①Many old customs are gradually dying out.‎ 许多旧习俗都在日渐消逝。‎ ‎②This kind of animals has already died out.‎ 这类动物已经绝种。‎ die away (声音，风，光线等)逐渐消失，渐弱 die of/from因……而死 die down减弱；平息 die off相继死亡 be dying for很想要；渴望 ‎ be dying to do sth.极想干某事 ‎③The fire is dying down.火正渐渐地熄灭。‎ ‎④The flowers are dying off because there has been no rain.‎ 由于还没下雨，这些花相继死去。‎ ‎⑤In the old days many poor people died of cold and hunger.‎ 在过去，许多穷人因寒冷和饥饿而死亡。‎ ‎⑥She is dying to see you.她渴望见到你。‎ ‎9.Although the wind has______，the rain remains steady，so you still need a raincoat.‎ A．turned up　　　 B．gone back C．died down　　　 D．blown out 解析：　C意为“平息”。A意为“出现，到来”；B意为“回来”；D意为“吹出”，因此选C。句意为：虽然风停了，但是雨还在下，因此你要带上雨衣。‎ 答案：　C ‎10．As the air is being polluted，many kinds of wild animals are________.‎ A．died　　　 B．dying down C．dying out　　　 D．death 解析：　die为不及物动词，不能用被动语态，排除A项；death为名词“死亡”，不合题意。根据题意应为“灭绝”。‎ 答案：　C come into being形成；产生 教材原句P30：They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into being and their future seemed secure at that time.它们生活在亿万年前的地球上，比人类诞生早很多，而且那时它们的未来看似很安全。‎ ‎①When did the club first come into being?‎ 俱乐部是什么时候成立的？‎ ‎②The new tax regulations came into effect last month.‎ 新税法是上个月生效的。‎ ‎③The present government came into power a year ago.‎ 本届政府一年前开始执政的。‎ ‎④As you went on，a lake came into sight.‎ 你向前走，一个湖就出现在了眼前。‎ come into effect生效 come into sight看得见 come into office就职 come into power当权；执政 come into use开始使用 ‎11.(北京高考)Scientists have many theories about how the universe________into being.‎ A．came　　　 B．was coming C．had come　　　 D．would come 解析：　句意为：关于宇宙是如何产生的，科学家们有很多理论。根据句意可知宇宙产生绝非将来要发生的事，所以先排除B、D两项，C项had come为过去的过去，因题中无过去时间作参照，故排除。宇宙产生发生在过去，故用一般过去时。‎ 答案：　A in danger在危险中，垂危 教材原句P25：Why are they in danger of disappearing?‎ 它们为什么处于灭绝的危险中？‎ ‎①We were warned that we were in danger.‎ 有人警告我们有危险。‎ ‎②Another famous animal in danger is the giant panda，whose habitat is in China.另一种著名的濒临灭绝的动物是大熊猫，它们的栖息地在中国。‎ ‎③The little boy was once in danger of losing his sight，but the doctor helped him out of danger.那小男孩曾经处于失明的危险，但是医生帮助他脱离了危险。‎ ‎④That tall young man is a danger to our society.‎ 那个高个子年轻人是我们社会的危害分子。‎ in danger of有……的危险 out of danger脱离危险 full of danger充满危险 a danger to...对……很危险 ‎12.—Have you enjoyed camping in________wild with your friends?‎ ‎—Never.I’m afraid that my life is in________danger there.‎ A．the；a　　　 B．/；/‎ C．a；the　　　 D．the；/‎ 解析：　考查冠词。in the wild是固定搭配，意思是“在野外，自然状态”；in danger也是固定短语，意思是“在危险中”。‎ 答案：　D That’s good news.It shows the importance of wildlife protection，but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests.这是个好消息，它表明了野生动物保护的重要性，不过我想按照世界野生生物基金会的建议帮助你们。‎ ‎(1)as在句中引导方式状语从句，意为“按照；如同”。‎ You must do everything as I do.‎ 你必须照着我来做每一件事。‎ When in Rome，do as Romans do.‎ 入乡随俗。(在罗马时就要像罗马人那样做。)‎ I will do as you advise.我会照你的忠告去做。‎ He suggested going out for a walk.他建议出去散散步。‎ I suggest you (should) ask some specific problems about his past.我建议你问一些有关他的过去的具体的问题。‎ ‎②suggest作“暗示；表明”之意时，可接名词或从句，但从句中的谓语动词要根据主句的谓语动词决定其形式。‎ Her expression suggested that she was angry.‎ 从她的表情暗示出她生气了。‎ ‎13.(2009·上海卷)Bill suggested________a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.‎ A．having held　　　 B．to hold C．holding 　　　 D．hold 解析：　句意为：比尔建议在假期中召开一个有关上海世博会事宜的会议。suggest doing sth.建议做某事。‎ 答案：　C They lived on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before humans came into ‎ being...千百万年前恐龙就在地球上生活，比人类的出现要早得多……‎ ‎(1)long before相当于long ago，意为“很久以前”，常用于 过去时或过去完成时的句子中作时间状语，before后 边可以跟从句。‎ ‎(2)before long相当于soon或a little later，意为“不久；不 久以后”，常与将来时、过去时态连用，在句中作状语，‎ 不可以接从句。‎ ‎(3)It is/was not long before＋从句　不久就……‎ ‎(4)It will be long before＋从句，要过很久才……‎ ‎①I had heard of him long before I came here.‎ 早在我来这儿以前我就听说过他的情况。‎ ‎②Before long he went to Canada to go on with his further education.不久以后他就去了加拿大继续深造。 ‎ ‎③The president made a mistake，but then he corrected the situation before it got worse.董事长犯了一个错误，但是后来他在情况恶化之前进行了纠正。‎ ‎④The field research will take John and Paul about five months.It will be long before we meet them again.这项研究要花费约翰和鲍五个月的时间，很长时间之后才能再见到他们。‎ ‎14.(2011·石家庄毕业班教学检测)—It’s a long time________I last saw you.‎ ‎—Yes，and it will be another month________we can meet again.‎ A．before；since　　　 B．when；before C．since；when　　　 D．since；before 解析：　it is...since...表示“自从……以来……”，而it will be...before...则表示“过……(时间)才……”。‎ 答案：　D Ⅰ.完成句子 ‎1．It is said that dinosaurs existed on the earth tens of millions of years ago，long before man____________________(出现)．‎ 答案：　came into being ‎2．Put on your hat when you go out so that you can________your skin________(保护……不受……) being burnt.‎ 答案：　protect；from ‎3．The noise outside was so loud that I could hardly______________(注意) my studies.‎ 答案：　pay attention to ‎4．Don’t take too much of the medicine or it will________________(对……有害) your health.‎ 答案：　do harm to ‎5．It was the doctor that helped the girl who was __________________(处于……危险) losing her sight.‎ 答案：　in danger of ‎6．__________________(根据) statistics，a man is more than twice as ‎ likely to die of skin cancer as a woman.‎ 答案：　According to ‎7．No one has come up with a convincing explanation of why the dinosaurs________________(灭绝)．‎ 答案：　died out ‎8．We all hope our country flourishes and that people live______________(安静地)．‎ 答案：　in peace Ⅱ.巧思妙解 ‎1．He came to my class every week，but his attitude________that he was not really interested in it.‎ A．expressed　　　　　 B．described C．explained　　　 D．suggested 解析：　句子的意思是“他每星期都来听我的课，但他的态度表明他并非真对它感兴趣”。suggest在这里意为“表明，暗示”，此时宾语从句不用虚拟语气。‎ 答案：　D ‎2．There is a lot of evidence to suggest that a short nap in the afternoon________you refreshed for the next four or five hours.‎ A．will help　　　 B．should leave C．will leave　　　 D．should remain 解析：　考查动词辨析。根据句子的意思此处用leave表示“‎ 使某人处于某种状态”的意思。注意谓语动词suggest在此表示“表明”的意思，宾语从句不用虚拟语气。‎ 答案：　C ‎3．—How do you________we go to Beijing for our holidays?‎ ‎—I think we’d better fly there.It’s much more comfortable.‎ A．insist　　　 B．want C．suppose　　　 D．suggest 解析：　考查动词辨析。insist坚持，want想要，suppose支持，suggest建议，通过上下文语境可得出选D。‎ 答案：　D ‎4．Jane’s pale face suggested that she________ill，and her parents suggested that she________a medical examination.‎ A．be；should have　　　 B．was；have C．should be；had　　　 D．was；has 解析：　句中第一个suggest意为“表明”，从句不用虚拟语气，应用过去时态；第二个suggest意为“建议”，应用虚拟语气，省略了should。‎ 答案：　B ‎5．The parents suggested________in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.‎ A．sleep B．to sleep C．sleeping　　　 D．having slept 解析：　动词suggest后只能用动词的ing形式作宾语，意为“建议做……”。‎ 答案：　C Ⅲ.语法专练 本单元语法——现在进行时的被动语态 ‎1．(2010·陕西卷)It is reported that many a new house________at present in the disaster area.‎ A．are being built　　　‎ B．were being built C．was being built　　　‎ D．is being built 解析：　句意为：据报道，目前在这个受灾地区正在建很多新房子。本题考查的是主谓一致和时态。many a：a large number of 许多。many a＋单数名词＋单数动词。如：Many a strong man has weakened before such a challenge.很多坚强的人面对这种挑战都动摇了。Many a famous pop star has been ruined by drugs.很多著名的流行音乐歌星都因毒品而被毁了。根据谓语动词应该用单数，排除A和B两项。根据at present，时态应该是现在时态，所以D选项是正确的。‎ 答案：　D ‎2．—Have you handed in your schoolwork yet?‎ ‎—Yes，I have.I guess it________now.‎ A．has graded　　　‎ B．is graded C．is being graded　　　‎ D．is grading 解析：　本题考查动词的时态、语态。其句意为“你已交上作业了吗？”“是的，我认为它现在正在被评阅”。指的是现在正在被怎样，故用现在进行时的被动语态。‎ 答案：　C ‎3．(2010·南通一模)Now the world’s attention________the stocking markets，as they have great influence in the world’s economy.‎ A．is fixing on　　　 B．has fixed on C．is being fixed on　　　 D．had been fixed on 解析：　本题考查动词时态和语态。attention和fix on之间是被动关系，故排除A、B两项，再根据Now，可知应用现在进行时的被动语态。‎ 答案：　C ‎4．(2010·4月济南模拟)—Flight MU257________.I must be off now.‎ ‎—Have a nice trip.‎ A．is being announced　　　 B．has announced C．was announcing　　　 D．had been announced 解析：　考查动词的时态和语态。从语境知“MU257航班正在通知(登机中)”，此处强调“现在这个时刻正在进行”的动作，所以用现在进行时，同时announce与Flight MU257又是动宾关系，故用“‎ 现在进行时的被动语态”。‎ 答案：　A ‎5．(2010·东北三省四市联考)—What’s that terrible noise，David?‎ ‎—Oh，I forgot to tell you.The new machines in the nearby plant________.‎ A．were tested　　　 B．will be tested C．are being tested　　　 D．have been tested 解析：　考查动词的时态。根据问句中的What’s that terrible noise 可知，这里应该用进行时态，噪音是机器正在被检测时发出的，所以用现在进行时的被动语态。‎ 答案：　C 单元知识高考题型链接 Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎(2018·河北廊坊市高三年级教学质量监测)‎ ‎ April 23 marks the 400th anniversary of William Shakespeare's death. Organizations in Britain have planned numerous events to honor him.‎ ‎ In StratforduponAvon, his birthplace, the tourism organization has a great number of free events, including performances of Shakespeare's plays, and a dazzling fireworks display. And the BBC is broadcasting a live show from StratforeuponAvon, celebrating Shakespeare's widespread influence on the world. In England's capital, the London Shakespeare Centre and King's College London are holding a series of public performances, exhibitions and activities. It isn't just England that honors the anniversary of the death of this extraordinary writer. In Washington, D. C．， the Folger Shakespeare Library, which houses the world's largest collection of documents relating to William Shakespeare, is displaying a series of exhibitions.‎ Shakespeare is probably the most famous author who ever lived and is considered a genius by most. He wrote around 37 plays and 154‎ ‎ sonnets(十四行诗), and his work has been translated into over one hundred languages! He penned beautiful metaphors(暗喻), serious dramas and amusing tales.‎ Shakespeare also invented many new terms and phrases. If someone's behavior suggested they were not being honest and should not be trusted, Shakespeare called their actions suspicious. If someone was being silly and perhaps looking like a fool, Shakespeare found their actions laughable. And Shakespeare called people who offered their opinions on the quality of something critics. Today, for instance, food critics and film critics give audiences their opinions of foods and films. The familiar phrase “break the ice” comes from Shakespeare's play The Taming of the Shrew. “The ice is broken” when a difficult conversation or meeting is calmed by some basic introduction, such as a simple game. More common words coined by Shakespeare include road, gossip, lonely, bump and hurry.‎ Four hundred years after his death, Shakespeare surely lives on, in everyday speech, as the most famous writer of all time!‎ ‎【语篇解读】　　4月23日是威廉·莎士比亚逝世第四百周年纪念日。英国的各种组织计划活动来纪念他。‎ ‎1．The main idea of the text is ________.‎ A．the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare’s death B．the influence Shakespeare has on English C．the achievements of William Shakespeare D．Shakespeare's colorful and fruitful life 解析：A　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段的句子“April 23 marks the 400th anniversary of William Shakespeare's death.”可知，文章主要介绍4月23日是威廉·莎士比亚逝世第四百周年纪念日。故选A。‎ ‎2．Shakespeare is honored in the following ways except ________.‎ A．a great number of free events in StratforduponAvon B．a series of activities in the London Shakespeare ‎ Centre C．a series of exhibitions in the Folger Shakespeare Library D．a live show of Shakespeare from StratforduponAvon 解析：D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段的句子“In StratforduponAvon, his birthplace, the tourism organization has a great number of free events，”可知，A是对的；根据“In England's capital, the London Shakespeare Centre and King's College London are holding a series of public performances, exhibitions and activities.”可知，B是对的；根据“the Folger Shakespeare Library, which houses the world's largest collection of documents relating to William Shakespeare, is displaying a ‎ series of exhibitions.”可知，C是对的；根据“And the BBC is broadcasting a live show from StratforeuponAvon, celebrating Shakespeare's widespread influence on the world.”可知，D是错的。故选D。‎ ‎3．According to the next, a simply game to make a difficult conversation easy is called ________.‎ A．an icebreaker　　　B．a suspicious man C．a critic D．a laughable man 解析：A　细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段的句子“The ‘ice is broken’ when a difficult conversation or meeting is calmed by some basic introduction, such as a simple game.”可知，使得困难的对话变得容易的叫作an icebreaker。故选A。‎ B ‎(2018·太原模拟二)‎ Some scientists will say it is impossible to read minds. They will also tell you that you can make educated guesses on what a person might be thinking or feeling.Perhaps there really is nothing mysterious about the power to read minds.Perhaps it is simply human sense based on observation and educated guesses after all，but that's really a useful ability to learn.‎ Learn body language. How a person moves and holds their hands，and even what their eyes are doing are actually telling about what is going on inside their head. For example，pupils(瞳孔)tend to grow larger when you are interested in or excited about something.If you are talking to someone and making eye contact，finding their pupils are large and round，chances are that they are not feigning interest in the conversation.Someone biting their nails is probably nervous.Someone who folds their arms across their chest when they are not cold is probably trying to put a barrier between you and themselves.‎ Learn to mentally put yourself in another's place. Scientists have recently discovered that your brain has neurons(神经元)that become active when you watch someone do something the same as we did the action ourselves.So when you are able to open yourself to understanding how other people are feeling，you can figure out reasons and predict future actions，reactions，even thoughts.‎ Sometimes you can use Extra Sensory Perception(ESP)(超感觉力)to read someone's mind. This does not mean you will literally be able to read their minds like a book. Instead，you will receive impressions or feelings，which are difficult to explain.‎ To improve your ESP abilities, take up meditation(冥想)．Because meditation helps enable you to purposely put your brain in a state of ‎ relaxed awareness，where you will be more successful in reading people and receiving impressions.‎ Practice and combine all of these steps. You will soon find yourself able to read people's minds.‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍了几个猜到别人心思的方法，包括观察肢体语言、换位思考、运用第六感等。‎ ‎4．What is the passage mainly about?‎ A．The ways of reading people's minds.‎ B．The steps of learning body language.‎ C．The necessity of learning to read people's minds.‎ D．The relationship between mind and body language.‎ 解析：A　主旨大意题。关键句“Practice and combine all of these steps. You will soon find yourself able to read people's minds.(最后一段)练习并将所有这些步骤结合起来，你很快就会发现你能猜到人们的心思。”通读全文可知，关键句为文章的主题句；结合上文内容可知，本文介绍了猜到别人心思的方法，包括观察肢体语言、换位思考、运用超感觉力等。故A项最能概括文意。B、C、D三项都是文章的细节之一，无法概括全文大意。故A项正确。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word“feigning” mean?‎ A．Expressing. B．Pretending.‎ C．Finding. D．Declaring.‎ 解析：B　词义猜测题。关键句“For example，pupils (瞳孔) tend to grow larger when you are interested in or excited about something.(第二段第三句)例如，当你对某事感兴趣或感到兴奋时，你的瞳孔会变大。”根据关键句可知，当某人的瞳孔变大时，说明他/她确实对某事感兴趣，而不是假装感兴趣。故画线词应意为“假装”，与pretend的意思相近。故B项正确。A项意为“表达”；C项意为“发现”；D项意为“宣布，宣称”。‎ ‎6．Why can you read someone's mind when you mentally put yourself in his/her place?‎ A．You suddenly have the ability to understand his or her feeling.‎ B．Your imagination ability and your past experiences are combined.‎ C．Some neurons in your brain improve your observation ability.‎ D．Your past similar experiences make some neurons in your brain active.‎ 解析：D　推理判断题。关键句：“Scientists have recently discovered that your brain has neurons(神经元)that become active when you watch someone do something the same as we did the ‎ ‎ action ourselves.(第三段第二句)科学家最近发现，当你看到有人做事的方式和你相同时，你脑部的神经元会很活跃。”根据关键句可知，当别人和你有相似的动作或经历时，你的脑神经会很活跃，这样你就能通过换位思考来猜测别人的心思了。故D项正确。‎ ‎7．How does meditation help with mind reading?‎ A．By making educated guesses on minds.‎ B．By learning to make eye contact.‎ C．By changing ESP abilities for the better.‎ D．By strengthening impressions received.‎ 解析：C　细节理解题。关键句“To improve your ESP abilities，take up meditation(冥想)．(倒数第二段第一句)为了增强你的超感觉力，采用冥想法吧。”根据关键句并结合倒数第三段第一句“Sometimes you can use Extra Sensory Perception(ESP)(超感觉力)to read someone's mind.”可知，你可以借助冥想来增强超感觉力从而猜到别人的心思。故C项正确。‎ C ‎(2018·江西九校联考)‎ When suddenly the word lanshouxianggu began trending on Chinese socialnetworking sites，many Internet users were left scratching their heads.‎ Lanshouxianggu literally means blue thin chestnut mushroom but it made no sense to users. In case you are wondering what the whole fuss is about，a company in Shenzhen registered its name as blue thin chestnut mushroom，or lanshouxianggu，on Oct 13.Just to make it more confusing，the company's main business includes equipment manufacturing，trade and engineering.‎ It's not the first time that Internet memes(网络热词) have been registered as trademarks. On Aug 8，Chinese female swimmer Fu Yuanhui said“I've been using honghuangzhili”indicating she had used up all her strength.The word went viral.“Honghuangzhili”，which means prehistorical force，was registered as a trademark two days later.‎ The reference to lanshouxianggu comes from a video clip that went viral where a young man in Nanning, complains to his girlfriend in Mandarin but with his strong local accent. In the video，he cries out lanshouxianggu repeatedly in local accent，which in fact means upset (lanshou)and wanting to cry(xianggu)．His accent and lyrical tone gave the video a phenomenon of humor and swept social media immediately.People photoshopped(编辑数字图像)his sad face on ‎ a blue small mushroom image.‎ Some of China's popular websites did discover the fact that blue mushrooms do exist in the nature and were not merely magic of Photoshop.Meet Entoloma hochstetteri，or sky blue mushroom，a kind of blue fungus(真菌)whose stem's diameter is just 5 millimeter.It was first discovered in New Zealand.The country even selected the image of the blue mushroom on its banknote with face value of NZ $50 to show the nature diversity in the country. In 2002，New Zealand Post even released a stamp.‎ And for foodies who want to eat it：no，it is not edible and most species of this kind are poisonous.‎ Are you lanshouxianggu now?‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了网络流行语“蓝瘦香菇”的起源以及现实版的“蓝瘦香菇”。‎ ‎8．Which of the situation can be described by “Blue Mushroom”？‎ A．Tom was beaten by his rival and felt very depressed. ‎ B．Mary had her phone stolen but thought nothing of it.‎ C．Ginar failed to pass the exam but was determined to work harder. ‎ D．John won the first place and was excited to burst out crying.‎ 解析：A　推理判断题。关键句“In the video, he cries out lanshouxianggu repeatedly in local accent，which in fact means upset (lanshou)and wanting to cry (xianggu)．(第四段第二句)在视频中，他多次用方言哭喊‘蓝瘦香菇’，其意思实际上是难受(蓝瘦)想哭(香菇)。”该题问的是哪种情形可以描述为“蓝瘦香菇”。根据关键句可知，“Blue Mushroom”实际上意为“难受想哭”。A项“Tom被他的对手打败，感到沮丧”符合“难受想哭”的情形。故选A。‎ ‎9．Where can you mostly find the picture of literal blue mushroom?‎ A．On a note written by a New Zealander. ‎ B．On a newspaper in New Zealand.‎ C．On a bank bill in New Zealand.‎ D．On a notice put up by a New Zealander.‎ 解析：C　细节理解题。关键句“It was first discovered in New Zealand. The country even selected the image of the blue mushroom on its banknote with face value of NZ $50 to show the nature diversity in the country.(第五段第三、四句)人们首次发现它是在新西兰。新西兰甚至将这种蓝色蘑菇的图像印在面值为50元的纸币上，以展现该国自然物种的多样性。”‎ 该题问的是你在哪里可以找到蓝色蘑菇的图片。根据关键句可知，新西兰在面值为50元的纸币上选用了这种蓝色蘑菇的图像，所以在新西兰的纸币上可以看到。故选C。‎ ‎10．What can we learn from the passage?‎ A．The blue mushroom is so delicious that everyone wants to buy it.‎ B．“Honghuangzhili” was registered by Fu Yuanhui.‎ C．The blue mushroom doesn't exist in the world.‎ D．The young man from the original video draws great attention.‎ 解析：D　推理判断题。关键句“His accent and lyrical tone gave the video a phenomenon of humor and swept social media immediately.People photoshopped(图像处理)his sad face on a blue small mushroom image.(第四段最后两句)他的口音和充满感情的腔调让这段视频透出一股幽默，并迅速席卷社交媒体。人们将他悲伤的面部表情PS到一个蓝色的小蘑菇图像上。”根据关键句可以推断出，视频中的这位年轻人引起了极大的关注，D项与原文相符。根据倒数第二段可知，这些蓝色蘑菇不可以食用，大部分都是有毒的，所以A项与原文不符；根据第三段最后一句可知“Honghuangzhili”被注册为商标，但注册人并不是傅园慧，所以B项与原文不符；根据第五段第一句可知，世界上的确存在蓝色蘑菇，所以C项错误。故选D。‎ ‎11．What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A．New Zealanders first know the real meaning of “lanshouxianggu”．‎ B．“Lanshouxianggu” was first popular through the Internet.‎ C．After the match，Fu Yuanhui was tired out.‎ D．All the trademarks are Internet memes.‎ 解析：B　推理判断题。关键句“When suddenly the word lanshouxianggu began trending on Chinese socialnetworking sites，many Internet users were left scratching their heads.(第一段)当‘蓝瘦香菇’这个词突然在中国的社交网络火起来时，许多网友还摸不着头脑。”根据关键句可推知，“蓝瘦香菇”是通过网络流行起来的，所以B项与原文相符；根据第四段可知，新西兰人不是第一个知道“蓝瘦香菇”的真正意义的，所以A项错误；根据第三段第二句可知，傅园慧的意思是比赛时她尽力了，并不是比赛后筋疲力尽，所以C项错误；根据第二、三段可知，D项的描述过于绝对，所以D项错误。故选B。‎ D ‎(2018·东北三省第二次联考)‎ Dormitory management officials in universities say that lately they are noticing something different：students seem to lack the will and skill to address their ordinary conflicts.“We have students who are mad at each ‎ other and they text each other in the same room，”says a teacher.“So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don't know how to negotiate.”‎ ‎ And as many psychologists will tell you，bottled emotions lead to silent unhappiness that can boil over into frustration and anger.“At Florida University，emotional outbreaks occur about once a week，”the dormitory director says.“It used to be：‘Let's sit down and talk about it’，” he says.“Recently，roommate conflicts have increased. The students don't have the persontoperson discussions and they don't know how to handle them.”The problem is most impressive among freshmen；dormitory officials say some students even never seem to catch on till graduation，and they worry about how such students will deal with conflicts after college.‎ Administrators suppose that relying on cell phones and the Internet may have made it easier for young people to avoid uncomfortable meetings. Why express anger in person when you can do it in a text？Facebook makes the situation worse as complaints go public.“Things are posted on someone's wall on Facebook：‘Oh，my roommate kept me up all night studying，’”says Dana Pysz，an assistant director in the housing office at California University.“It's a different way to express their conflicts to each other.”In recent group discussions at North Carolina State University，students said they would not even accuse the noisy neighbors on their floor face to face.‎ Administrators also point to parents who have fixed their children's problems in their entire lives. Now in college，the children lack the skills to attend to even modest conflicts. Would these parents continue to take care of everything on campus?‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学生们不善于解决生活中的矛盾、冲突，缺乏人际交往的技能。‎ ‎12．What does the underlined word“address”in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ A．To greet someone with a title or name.‎ B．To start trying to solve a problem.‎ C．To put an address on an envelope.‎ D．To make a formal speech.‎ 解析：B　词义猜测题。关键句“So many of our roommate conflicts are because kids don't know how to negotiate.”(第一段最后一句)“许多室友之间发生的冲突都是因为孩子们不知道如何(就问题)进行协商。”根据关键句可知，学生们似乎缺乏意愿和技巧去处理一些常见的冲突；故可推知，此处address意为“处理，解决”。故B项正确。‎ ‎13．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A．Students handled it directly when they were in conflict.‎ B．Parents are the main factor to make their children lose the skills.‎ C．Cellphones are to blame in the students' conflicts in their dormitories.‎ D．Unhappy and cornered emotions resulted in quarrels between students once a week.‎ 解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句中的“It used to be：‘Let's sit down and talked about it'”可推知，过去学生遇到冲突时会直接当面解决问题，而不是依赖手机和网络避开。故选A项。‎ ‎14．What do we learn from the group discussions at North Carolina State University?‎ A．Students are always angry with each other.‎ B．Students have to bear noises from neighbors.‎ C．Students may be not good at negotiating in person.‎ D．Students are brought up selfcentered.‎ 解析：C　推理判断题。关键句“In recent group discussions at North Carolina State University，students said they would not even accuse the noisy neighbors on their floor face to face.(第三段最后一句)在北卡罗来纳州立大学最近的小组讨论中，学生们说他们甚至不会面对面地指责同楼层吵闹的邻居。”根据关键句可推知，北卡罗来纳州立大学的学生不会与冲突的一方面对面地进行沟通、协商来解决问题。故选C项。‎ ‎15．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Students' Unhappy Life in University B．Parents' Attention in Children's Life C．Students' Failure to Deal with Conflicts D．Teachers' Concerns about Students 解析：C　标题概括题。本文主要讲述了学生们不善于解决生活中的矛盾、冲突，缺乏人际交往的技能。C项“学生不擅长处理冲突”适合做本文标题。故C项正确。‎ Ⅱ.七选五 There are many reasons why leisure is important.__1__ But just like work and exercise，relaxation or leisure time helps us in many ways.‎ Get rid of tiredness and anxiety.‎ In today's busy lifestyle，getting stressed seems impossible to avoid or prevent. When stress and anxiety come in, it can manifest(显现)itself as mental or physical tiredness.This can affect work performance as well as how a person communicates with his friends or family.That is a ‎ reason why leisure is important.__2__Feeling refreshed，you will deal with the issues at work or school more easily.‎ ‎__3__‎ Another benefit of relaxing is that it clears the mind.When we don't relax，we end up feeling stressed.Anyone who has worked long hours will know the feeling.The long hours spent at work weaken both the body and the mind. __4__ The reason why leisure is important is that when the mental exhaustion or confusion comes in，it will help in relaxing the mind.‎ Better work performance.‎ Leisure can mean doing something you enjoy or just relaxing.You should feel no pressure to take your free time and do anything you like.Not giving yourself the opportunity to do things you like might affect work.If all your focus is on your job，you'll feel cheated and deprived(剥夺)of the good things in life.This feeling of frustration may show up at work.Keeping yourself happy is another reason why leisure is important.__5__‎ A．Help to think clearly.‎ B．Avoid feeling stressed.‎ C．Not enough rest could result in injury.‎ D．As the body gets tired，the mind is affected.‎ E．A happy person，quite simply，will perform much better at work.‎ F．It's true that we all need to work and put our legs and arms out straight.‎ G．By setting aside some time for yourself to relax，you'll feel more energetic. ‎ ‎【语篇解读】　本文是说明文。本文主要介绍了休闲的重要性。‎ ‎1．解析：F　根据下文中的“But just like work and exercise，relaxation or leisure time helps us in many ways”可知，空处的内容应是与“work and exercise”有关的，故F项“我们都需要工作并伸展腿和胳膊，这是真的”符合语境。‎ ‎2．解析：G　空处承接上文解释说明休闲的重要性，选项G中的“feel more energetic”与下文中的“Feeling refreshed”相对应，故G项符合语境。‎ ‎3．解析：A　根据下文中的内容尤其是“Another benefit of relaxing is that it clears the mind”“it will help in relaxing the mind”可知，此处主要强调的是休闲对人们的思维的影响，故A项“(休闲)有助于清晰地思考”符合语境。‎ ‎4．解析：D　根据上文中的“The long hours spent at work weaken ‎ both the body and the mind”可知，空处内容有关压力在身体上和情感上的影响，故D项“当身体感觉到疲惫时，思维会受到影响”符合语境。‎ ‎5．解析：E　根据空前的“Keeping yourself happy is another reason why leisure is important”可知，空处内容应是与“保持开心”有关的，故E项“很简单，开心的人在工作中的表现会好得多”符合语境。‎