2021届新高考英语一轮复习限时规范练北师大版：选修8Unit22A　EnvironmentalProtection作业 7页

限时规范练43(选修8　Unit 22A)‎ 核心素养关键词:培养学生人与自然、关爱动物的素养能力意识 ‎　限时规范练第86页　 ‎ 一、阅读理解 A Dog owners who lived near Chicago’s Soldier Field knew how to watch out for the coyote (草原狼).‎ The wild,doglike animal lived somewhere among the tall buildings near the football stadium.As the sun went down each evening,the coyote would lie in the grass next to a parking lot,waiting.Within his view,people walked their dogs along a bike trail.Each night,the coyote would charge at the first dog to come along.‎ Dr.Stanley Gehrt,a scientist at the Ohio State University,led the team that solved the problem.Besides studying coyotes,he and his co-workers taught people ways to avoid problems with coyotes.In short,he says,“Don’t feed them,and manage your pets.”‎ The secret to the coyote’s success is intelligence.To survive in the wild,a coyote must hunt small animals,and avoid becoming a meal for wolves or bears.“This way of living creates a super-smart animal,” Dr.Gehrt says.One of the smartest changes coyotes made was to hide during the day and come out mainly at night in the city.‎ Coyotes have also learned to avoid their biggest killer:cars.One coyote has been seen sitting patiently at a busy crossroads.She may not know how traffic lights work,but she has learned that the cars will soon stop long enough for her to cross the street.‎ The male (雄性的) that charged at passing dogs near Soldier Field is an example.Dr.Gehrt and his co-workers had already been watching the coyote for months,and the animal had always avoided dogs.But now he and his mate had a home with young coyotes on top of the parking lot nearby.He was charging at the dogs to protect his family.‎ The researchers solved the problem.When the coyote pair appeared in the evening,they ran toward them,shouting and shaking a noisemaker—a coffee can with coins rattling (发出咔嗒咔嗒的声音)‎ ‎ inside.“Usually,that’s all you have to do,”Dr.Gehrt says.“You do it once,and you’ll never see that coyote again.” Finally,the coyote pair moved out of the parking lot.‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是说明文。越来越多的草原狼开始出现在美国北部的城市里,为了生存下来,它们逐渐适应城市生活,与此同时它们也对城市中的宠物狗构成了威胁。‎ ‎1.What troubled the dog owners living near Soldier Field?‎ A.Their dogs being attacked by the coyote.‎ B.Their outdoor play being lessened.‎ C.Limited space to walk their dogs.‎ D.Increasingly heavy traffic.‎ 答案A 解析细节理解题。根据第一段的内容及第二段中的“Each night,the coyote would charge at the first dog to come along.”可知,在Soldier Field附近住的狗主人要谨防自己的狗被草原狼袭击。‎ ‎2.What did the researchers find out about city coyotes?‎ A.They were not as smart as dogs.‎ B.They were getting used to city life.‎ C.They needed more care from people.‎ D.They usually hunted during the day.‎ 答案B 解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“One of the smartest changes coyotes made was to hide during the day and come out mainly at night in the city.”及第五段的内容可知,草原狼在城市开始昼伏夜出的生活,而且还学会了如何过马路,这一切都说明草原狼正在慢慢适应城市生活。‎ ‎3.What’s the best title for the text?‎ A.Smart Animals in the City B.Meet the Coyote Next Door C.Watch Out for the Coyote Pair D.Our Love-hate Relationship with Coyotes 答案B 解析主旨大意题。这篇文章主要介绍了人们在住处附近遇见草原狼的现象、所遇到的问题及解决办法,故B项最适合作标题。‎ B When my boss started talking about pension arrangements,it suddenly dawned on me:I was going to be stuck working in an office for the next 40 years.I’d always dreamed of working outdoors but I ended up doing a law degree at the University of the West of England in Bristol,thinking that this would bring me a better job. ‎ After graduating,I became an adviser.I enjoyed the work,but knew it wasn’t the right career for me.At this point,my 98-year-old grandma died,leaving me enough money to pay for an agricultural course.I decided to study agriculture at the Royal Agricultural College in Cirencester.I loved the programme.I spent my holidays from milking cows to helping in farm shops.I spent time lambing (照料母羊产羔羊) on a beautiful hill farm in Wales.I’d get up at 5 am in the morning and go out to care for the lambs that had been born overnight.‎ In my old job,getting up early to go to the office was a struggle.It’s easier on a farm,where you know there are animals that rely on you.They’re living things,and if you don’t turn up something serious might happen to them.‎ I’ve also been fortunate enough to find a job as industry communications manager with Red Tractor,the largest food assurance scheme (保障计划) in the UK.The role is very varied:one day I might talk at an agricultural show,educating children about where their food comes from;the next day I could be managing the design of the new food and farming standards.‎ My advice to anyone wanting a career change is to seize the moment.To those interested in working in agriculture,try to get as much work experience as you can.‎ ‎【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者放弃法律咨询工作转而从事农业的历程,以及新工作带给她的满足与成长。‎ ‎4.What does the underlined part “dawned on” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ A.Hit. B.Moved.‎ C.Excited. D.Satisfied.‎ 答案A 解析词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“I was going to be stuck working in an office for the next 40 years.I’d always dreamed of working outdoors”可知,作者突然明白她以后都要待在办公室里了,但是她其实更喜欢户外工作。hit意为“使人突然意识到……”。‎ ‎5.What does the author think of her job on a farm?‎ A.Busy. B.Tiring.‎ C.Difficult. D.Enjoyable.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据第二段中的“I loved the programme.”以及第三、四段的描述可知,作者很喜欢农场的工作。‎ ‎6.What did the author do at Red Tractor?‎ A.She milked cows.‎ B.She helped in farm shops.‎ C.She took care of lambs on the farm.‎ D.She gave speeches on agriculture to children.‎ 答案D 解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“one day I might talk at an agricultural show,educating children about where their food comes from”可知答案。‎ ‎7.What is the author’s advice to readers?‎ A.Work as a volunteer on a farm.‎ B.Make a career change as soon as possible.‎ C.Take the chance to do what you want to do.‎ D.Get enough work experience before looking for a job.‎ 答案C 解析推理判断题。根据末段中的“My advice to anyone wanting a career change is to seize the moment.”可知,作者建议要抓住机会,做自己想做的事情。‎ 二、七选五 Years of French language classes may not be enough preparation for an American to communicate with a French person.　1　 However,few people know that body language in the two countries can be just as different. ‎ ‎　2　 For example,an American visiting France may be surprised when a waiter brings him three cups of coffee even though he thought he only ordered two.His problem?He held up his index finger (食指) and his middle finger to show the number two.Since the French start counting on the thumb,however,the waiter understood that to mean three. ‎ Hand signals are not the only difference in body language between Americans and the French. 　3　 An American who asks a French person for her ideas may be surprised when she reacts by frowning.Americans tend to smile a lot,especially when responding to questions.The French,on the other hand,sometimes react by pouting (撇嘴).This facial expression shows that a French person is thinking. ‎ The French also greet each other in a different way than Americans do.　4　 Americans do not touch nearly as often when they greet each other. ‎ ‎　5　 However,an American visiting France may still need more than a dictionary to communicate with the French. ‎ A.Americans tend to be socially open minded.‎ B.Most people know that they speak different languages.‎ C.The French never meet each other as often as Americans do.‎ D.Facial expressions can also be different in the two countries.‎ E.The difference in hand signals could lead to cultural misunderstandings.‎ F.French friends kiss or shake hands every time they meet or say goodbye.‎ G.An American will probably find the unexpected surprise quite refreshing.‎ 答案与解析 ‎【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了美国与法国之间肢体语言的差异。‎ ‎1.B　根据设空处下一句“However,few people know that body language in the two countries can be just as different.”可知,设空处与之相反,B项“多数人知道两国之间的区别是语言差异”符合语境。‎ ‎2.E　根据第三段中承上启下的句子“Hand signals are not the only difference in body language between Americans and the French.”可知,第二段讲述的是两国之间的手势语差异,故E项符合此处语境。‎ ‎3.D　根据设空处后的描述可知,本段讲述了两国之间面部表情的差异。‎ ‎4.F　根据此空前的greet和此空后“Americans do not touch nearly as often when they greet each other.”可知,本段主要阐述打招呼方式的不同,F项描述了法国人打招呼的方式,符合该处语境。‎ ‎5.G　G项中的“find the unexpected surprise quite refreshing”与此空后的“However”和“may still need”构成对比,意为:虽然美国人可能发现在法国遇到的意想不到的情景很新奇有趣,但是美国人与法国人之间还是存在很大的文化差异。‎ 三、语法填空 America’s first continuously-published newspaper,the Boston News-Letter published its first issue on April 24,1704.John Campbell,a bookseller and postmaster of Boston,was its first editor,printing the newspaper on 1. was then referred to as a half-sheet.It originally appeared on a single page,2. (print) on both sides and issued weekly.In the first issue of the News-Letter 3.　　　　　 was only one advertisement.In the early years of its publication,the News-Letter dealt mostly with news from London journals 4.　　　　　 (report) English politics and the European wars.The rest of the newspaper was filled with items listing ship arrivals,political appointments,fires,accidents etc.The paper was never very 5. (success).In 1722,the Boston News-Letter 6. (take) over by Bartholomew Green,its printer.As its editor,Green devoted less space to overseas events and 7. (much) to domestic (国内的) news than before.When Green died after about ten years as its editor,his son John Draper took charge of the News-Letter,8.　　　　　 was also a printer.Draper proved 9.　　　　　 (be)‎ ‎ a better editor and publisher.He enlarged the paper to four good-sized pages,filling it with news from Boston,other 10.　　　　　 (town) throughout the colonies (殖民地),and from abroad. ‎ 答案与解析 ‎1.what　考查连接词。设空处引导的从句做on的宾语,且在从句中做was referred to的主语,表示“什么”,故填what。‎ ‎2.printed　考查过去分词做定语的用法。设空处做定语修饰It,又因为print与It之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,且print所表示的动作已完成,故填printed。‎ ‎3.there　考查there be句型。设空处所在句意为:在第一期News-Letter上只有一则广告,故填there。‎ ‎4.reporting　考查动词-ing形式做定语的用法。设空处修饰news,又因为news与report之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,且report所表示的动作与主句谓语动作同时发生,故填reporting。‎ ‎5.successful　考查形容词做表语的用法。设空处做表语,意为“成功的”,故填successful。‎ ‎6.was taken　考查一般过去时的被动语态。由前面的In 1722可知,设空处是对过去事实的描述,应用一般过去时,又因为Boston News-Letter与take over之间是被动关系,故填was taken。‎ ‎7.more　考查形容词比较级。由后面的than before可知,应用比较级,故填more。‎ ‎8.who　考查关系代词。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,补充说明John Draper,且在从句中做主语,故填who。‎ ‎9.to be　考查不定式做宾语的用法。prove to be ...意为“证明是……”。‎ ‎10.towns　考查名词复数。town是可数名词且在此表泛指,故填复数形式towns。‎