2019版一轮复习英语外研版必修二Module1OurBodyandHealthyHabits 40页

‎2019版一轮复习英语外研版必修二Module1Our Body and Healthy Habits单元学案 ‎[一积词汇见多识广]　‎ ‎[课内单词回扣]‎ ‎(一)阅读词汇写其义 ‎1．fat n．　　　　脂肪　　　　　 2．flu n．　　　　　流行性感冒 ‎3．toothache n. 牙痛 4．overweight adj. (人)太胖的；超重的 ‎5．lung n. 肺 6．throat n. 喉咙；咽喉；嗓子 ‎7．pneumonia n. 肺炎 8．prescription n. 处方 ‎9．symptom n. 症状 10．questionnaire n. 问卷；问卷调查；调查表 ‎(二)表达词汇写其形 ‎1．proverb n. 谚语 2．captain n. 队长 ‎3．lifestyle n. 生活方式 4．head vi. 朝……方向前进 ‎5．eye vt. 注视；观看 6．awful adj. 可怕的；吓人的 ‎7．fit adj. 健康的；强健的 ‎8．diet n. 饮食；日常食物vi.照医生的规定饮食 ‎(三)拓展词汇灵活用 ‎*1.rarely adv.稀少地；极少地→rare adj.稀少的；罕有的 ‎*2.unhealthy adj.不健康的；有碍健康的→(反义词)healthy adj.健康的→health n．健康→healthily adv.健康地 ‎*3.wealthy adj.富裕的；有钱的→wealth n．财富 ‎　4.anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的→anxiety n．焦虑；不安→anxiously adv.焦急地；忧虑地；渴望地 ‎*5.injure vt.伤害→injury n．伤害；损伤；受伤处→injured adj.受伤的 ‎*6.pain n．疼痛；痛苦→pains n．辛苦；努力→painful adj.疼痛的 ‎　7.normal adj.正常的；一般的→(反义词)abnormal adj.不正常的 ‎　8.breathe vi.呼吸→breath n．呼吸 ‎　9.insurance n．保险→insure vt.给……投保 用上面标注*的单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．This kind of flower is rare,_and rarely do I see it.(rare) ‎ ‎2．A health club is a private club that people go to in order to do exercise, keep healthy and avoid unhealthy diets.(health)‎ ‎3．Bill Gates is regarded as one of the wealthiest persons in the world. His personal wealth is estimated at around ＄90 billion.(wealth)‎ ‎4．An injured man was taken to the hospital, where the doctors found he suffered severe injuries to the head and arms and they wondered who had injured him.(injure)‎ ‎5．He was seized with a painful sickness, and the pain nearly drove him mad. But he took pains to finish his work.(pain)‎ ‎ [话题单词积累]‎ ‎1．appetite /'æpItaIt/ n．　　　食欲；胃口 ‎2．vegetable /'vedʒtəb(ə)l/ n. 蔬菜 ‎3．fruit /fruːt/ n. 水果 ‎4．nutrition /njʊ'trIʃ(ə)n/ n. 营养 ‎5．balance /'bæl(ə)ns/ n. 平衡 ‎6．vitamin /'vItəmIn/ n. 维生素 ‎7．protein /'prəʊtiːn/ n. 蛋白质 ‎8．mineral /'mIn(ə)r(ə)l/ n. 矿物质 ‎9．recipe /'resIpI/ n. 烹饪法；食谱 ‎10．snack /snæk/ n. 小吃 ‎11．dessert /dI'zɜːt/ n. 甜点 ‎12．menu /'menjuː/ n. 菜单 ‎13．cuisine /kwI'ziːn/ n. 饭菜；菜肴 ‎14．delicious /dI'lIʃəs/ adj. 美味的；可口的 ‎15．tasty /'teIstI/ adj. 味道好的 ‎ ‎16．restaurant /'restərɒnt/ n. 饭馆 ‎17．bakery /'beIk(ə)rI/ n. 面包店 ‎18．energy /'enədʒI/ n. 精力；活力 ‎19．benefit /'benIfIt/ n. & v. 利益；受益 ‎20．obesity /ə(ʊ)'biːsItI/ n. 肥胖 ‎21．disease /dI'ziːz/ n. 疾病 ‎22．examine /Ig'zæmIn/ v. 检查；诊察 ‎23．operation /ɒpə'reIʃ(ə)n/ n. 手术 ‎24．recover /rI'kʌvə/ v. 痊愈；恢复 ‎25．swallow /'swɒləʊ/ vi. 吞下；咽下 ‎26．chew /tʃuː/ v. 咀嚼 ‎27．digest /daI'dʒest/ v. 消化；吸收 ‎28．appropriate /ə'prəʊprIət/ adj.‎ ‎ 合适的；适当的 ‎29．comfortable /'kʌmf(ə)təb(ə)l/ adj.‎ ‎ 舒服的；安逸的 ‎30．regular /'reɡjʊlə/ adj. 有规律的；定期的 ‎[二积短语顿挫抑扬]　‎ ‎[课内短语回扣]‎ ‎(一)根据汉语写出下列短语 ‎*1.at_least　　　　　　　　　至少 ‎　2.be_connected_with 与……有联系 ‎　3.take_exercise 锻炼 ‎*4.be_crazy_about 迷恋 ‎　5.have_a_temperature 发烧 ‎*6.pick_up 用车接；拾起；接收；(偶然)学会；情况转好 ‎　7.off_work 休班 ‎*8.lie_down 躺下 ‎　9.begin_with 以……开始 ‎　10.pay_for 支付；为……付出代价 ‎*11.put_..._into_... 将……投入……‎ ‎　12.become_ill 生病 ‎(二)用上面标注*的短语完成下列句子 ‎1．Nothing in the world is too difficult if you put your heart into it.‎ ‎2．To keep healthy, there are at_least three things we can do every day.‎ ‎3．The boy is_crazy_about computer games, and often stays up all night.‎ ‎4．By making friends with the native speakers, one can pick_up a lot of their languages.‎ ‎5．Now that you are tired, why not lie_down and have a short rest？‎ ‎[话题短语积累]‎ ‎1．form/develop a good habit　养成好习惯 ‎2．build up one's body 增强某人的体质 ‎3．be in good/poor health 身体好/不好 ‎4．living standards 生活水平 ‎5．lose weight 减肥 ‎6．put on weight 增重 ‎7．take a walk 散步 ‎8．be rich in 富含 ‎9．be high/low in 含……高/低 ‎10．have a good appetite 胃口好 ‎11．to one's taste 合某人的口味 ‎12．junk food 垃圾食品 ‎13．dine out 在外用餐 ‎14．stay up 熬夜 ‎15．be worried about 为……担心 ‎16．have a pain in 某处疼痛 ‎17．have a high/slight fever 发高/低烧 ‎18．send for a doctor 派人请医生 ‎19．take one's temperature 量体温 ‎20．take one's blood pressure 量血压 ‎21．cure sb. of 治愈某人……‎ ‎22．recover from 从……中恢复 ‎[三积句式写作扮靓]　‎ ‎[课内句式仿写]‎ ‎1．see＋宾语＋宾语补足语 ‎[例句]　When Zhou Kai's mother saw him heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously. ‎ ‎[仿写]　当我们看到道路被雪阻断了我们决定在家度假。‎ When we_saw_the_road_blocked_with_snow,_we decided to spend the holiday at home.‎ ‎2．as引导方式状语从句 ‎[例句]　Zhou Kai went and did as he was told. ‎ ‎[仿写]　你应该按照老师告诉你的去做。‎ You should do as_the_teacher_tells_you_to.‎ ‎3．that's because ...‎ ‎[例句]　But that's because I was stupid enough to play football in the rain. ‎ ‎[仿写]　她非常伤心，那是因为她的儿子在一次事故中丧生了。‎ She was very upset. That's_because her son was killed in an accident. ‎ ‎4．祈使句＋or＋陈述句 ‎[例句]　Go to bed now or you'll be really tired tomorrow. ‎ ‎[仿写]　在关闭所有的程序前不要关闭电脑，否则你可能会有麻烦。‎ Don't_turn_off_the_computer before closing all programs or you could have problems.,[话题佳句背诵]‎ ‎1．As far as I'm concerned, we should develop healthy eating habits to build up a strong body. Only in this way can we have enough energy to study.‎ 我认为，为了增强体质，我们应该养成健康的饮食习惯。只有这样我们才能有足够的精力学习。‎ ‎2．People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before.‎ 如今人们开始比以往更重视他们的健康。‎ ‎3．A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy ‎ both physically and mentally.‎ 均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼能帮助我们保持身心健康。‎ ‎4．Staying up to study does harm to your health. In addition, it will affect your study the following day for lack of energy.‎ 熬夜学习对你的身体有害。此外，你还会因为精力不足而影响第二天的学习。‎ ‎[四背语段语感流畅]　‎ In the past, I formed some unhealthy living habits, such as eating junk food, staying up and taking little exercise. As a result, I became overweight and often became ill.‎ Luckily, I became aware of the harm caused by unhealthy living habits. To keep fit, I determined to form a healthy lifestyle. Firstly, I began to have a balanced diet. Secondly, I took exercise actively every day. Lastly, I developed the habit of going to bed early and getting up early. Two months later, I recovered.‎ Health is more valuable than wealth. Let's keep away from bad habits and live healthily.‎ 过去，我养成了一些不健康的生活习惯，诸如吃垃圾食品、熬夜和很少锻炼。结果，我变得超重而且经常生病。‎ 幸运的是，我意识到了不健康的生活习惯带来的危害。为了保持健康，我决定养成健康的生活方式。首先，我开始保持均衡的饮食 ‎。其次，我每天积极锻炼身体。最后，我养成了早睡早起的习惯。两个月后，我恢复了健康。‎ 健康比财富更宝贵。让我们远离坏习惯，健康地生活。‎ ‎[第一板块　重点词汇突破]　‎ ‎[师生共研词汇]‎ ‎1．fit adj.健康的；强健的；适合的；能胜任的 v．(形状、尺寸)适合，合身；使适应；试穿(衣服)‎ ‎[高考佳句]　I need to lose some weight. My clothes don't fit anymore.(2015·四川高考)‎ 我需要减肥了，我的衣服不再合身了。‎ ‎(1)keep/stay fit　　　　 保持健康 be fit for 适合；胜任 be fit (for sb.) to do 适合(某人)做……‎ ‎(2)fit on 试穿 fit in (with) (与……)合得来；适应 ‎①It's just an informal party, so it's not fit for you to_dress (dress) like that.‎ 那只是一个非正式的聚会，所以你那样穿不合适。‎ ‎②Today, the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone.(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)‎ 灰狼是否在黄石公园很好的适应环境的辩论一直持续到今天。‎ ‎2．anxious adj.焦虑的；不安的；渴望的 ‎[教材原句]　Why is Zhou Kai's mother anxious?‎ 为什么周凯的母亲那么焦虑？‎ ‎(1)be anxious for/about ...　 为……担心(忧虑)‎ be anxious for 渴望得到 be (too) anxious (for sb.) to do sth.‎ ‎ (非常)渴望(某人)做某事 be anxious that ... 渴望……‎ ‎(2)anxiety n. 焦虑；忧虑；不安；担心 with anxiety ＝ anxiously 焦虑地；不安地 ‎①She is anxious to_go (go) to college now, but anxious about/for not passing the College Entrance Examination.‎ 她现在渴望上大学，但又担心不能通过高考。‎ ‎②Anxiously (anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit. ‎ ‎→She took the dress out of the package and tried it on with anxiety (anxious), only to find it didn't fit.‎ 她焦急地从包裹里拿出裙子穿上，结果发现它不合身。‎ ‎3．pain n．疼痛；痛苦；(pl.)辛苦；努力 ‎[高考佳句]　What he says suggests that he cares little about others' pain or trouble, even if they're his friends.(2014·重庆高考写作)‎ 他说的话表明他很少关心别人的痛苦和烦恼，即使他们是他的朋友。‎ have pains/a pain in　　　 某处疼痛 be in pain 在痛苦中；在苦恼中 spare no pains 不遗余力；全力以赴 take pains to do sth. 尽力/费苦心/下苦功做某事 No pains, no gains. 不劳无获。‎ ‎①He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain.‎ 他没有食物也没有水，处于极大的痛苦之中。‎ ‎②We should take pains to_improve (improve) ourselves through learning and get prepared for the future. (2015·福建高考书面表达)‎ 我们应该尽力通过学习来提升自己，为未来做好准备。‎ ‎③He had a sharp pain in his knee.‎ 他感到膝盖一阵剧痛。‎ ‎[名师指津]　pain指精神上的痛苦时为不可数名词；指肉体上的疼痛时，可数、不可数均可；指“辛苦，刻苦，努力”时，要用复数形式。‎ ‎[词汇过关练]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)These chemicals come from the injured_ (injure) parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm.‎ ‎2．Rarely has (have) a debate attracted so much media attention.‎ ‎3．That bottle of milk is not fit to_drink (drink) because it is out of date.‎ ‎4．I had so much anxiety (anxious) that I would wake up in the middle of the night and stare at the ceiling.‎ ‎5．Take exercises more and you'll become stronger and healthier (health)．‎ ‎6．It must have been very painful (pain) for you to tell her about the accident. ‎ ‎7．When I turned around, I found someone eyeing (eye) me from the shop window.‎ ‎8．You are heading for an accident if you drive after drinking.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．This dress fits for her in size but not the color.去掉for ‎2．She has been on diet for two weeks and has lost five pounds. diet前加a ‎3．We should spare no pain to construct whole harmonious society in China. pain→pains ‎4．He became ill after breath in coal dust for many years.breath→breathing ‎5．The injuring were rushed to hospital in an ambulance.injuring→injured Ⅲ.单句写作(补全句子/句型转换)‎ ‎1．这是一个好想法，但它与我们的计划不相符。‎ It's a good idea, but it does not fit_in_with_our_plans.‎ ‎2．母亲比我更担心考试的结果。‎ Mother is more_anxious_about_the_result of the examination than I am.‎ ‎3．We must do our best to finish the task on time.‎ ‎→We must spare_no_pains to finish the task on time.‎ ‎[第二板块　短语、句式突破]　‎ ‎1．be connected with与……有联系/关系 ‎[教材原句]　Which words are connected with the body?‎ 哪些单词与身体有关系？‎ ‎(1)connect ... with ...　 把……和……联系/连接起来 ‎(2)connection n. 联系；关系 have connection with 与……有关系 in connection with 与……有关 ‎①A good student must connect what he reads with what he sees around him.‎ 一个好学生必须会把他读到的东西与他在周围所看到的事物联系起来。‎ ‎②The police arrested the men in_connection_with a bank robbery.‎ 警察拘留了与一次银行抢劫案有关的那几个人。‎ ‎2．be crazy about迷恋 ‎[教材原句]　But there's one thing I really love — I'm crazy about football.‎ 但是有一件事我真的很喜欢——我对足球太着迷了。‎ be crazy to do sth.　　　　 (某人)做某事真是疯狂 like crazy 疯狂地；拼命地 go crazy 发疯 drive sb. crazy 逼得某人发疯 ‎①You must be crazy to_try (try) to drive home in this weather.‎ 你一定是疯了，这种天气还想开车回家。‎ ‎②We have to work like_crazy to get this finished on time.‎ 为了按时完成工作我们要拼命地干了。‎ ‎3．When Zhou Kai's mother saw_him_heading towards the front door without a jacket on, she eyed him anxiously.‎ 周凯的妈妈看到他没有穿夹克衫就往前门走去时，她担心地盯着周凯。‎ ‎(1)句中saw him heading为“see＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构，其具体用法如下：‎ see sb. do sth.“看见某人做了某事”，强调动作的全过程 see sb. doing sth.“看见某人正在做某事”，强调动作正在进行 see sth. done“看见某事被做”，强调动作的被动和完成 ‎①From the window I saw him repairing (repair) his car in the court.‎ 透过窗户，我看见他正在庭院里修理汽车。‎ ‎②If you watch long enough, you will see many problems settled (settle) in this way.‎ 如果你观察的时间够长的话，就会看到许多问题是通过这种方式被解决的。‎ ‎(2)在变为被动语态时，see sb. do sth.应改为sb. be seen to do sth.。‎ ‎③He was seen to_leave (leave) a few minutes ago.‎ 有人看到他几分钟前离开的。‎ ‎(3)能接不带to的动词不定式、现在分词和过去分词作宾语补足语的感官动词还有：feel, hear, observe, notice, watch, smell等。‎ ‎④He was so nervous that he could hear his heart beating (beat) wildly.‎ 他是如此紧张以至于能听到自己的心在狂跳。‎ ‎4．Go_to_bed_now_or you'll be really tired tomorrow. ‎ 现在上床睡觉吧，否则明天你会很累的。‎ 本句为“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”句型，祈使句相当于if引导的条件状语从句。‎ ‎(1)“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”表示祈使句与后面的句子是顺承关系。‎ ‎(2)“祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句”相当于“if＋否定条件状语从句＋主句”。‎ ‎(3)“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”也有上述句式功能，名词词组中常含有more, another等词。‎ ‎①Follow the policies of the 19th CPC National Congress, and our goals are bound to be achieved.‎ 只要按照中共十九大施政方针去做，我们的目标就一定能实现。‎ ‎②Follow (follow) your teacher's advice, or you will fail in the exam.‎ 听从老师的建议，否则你就会考试不及格。‎ ‎③More_fine_food,_and you'll be healthier and healthier.‎ 多吃好的食品，你会越来越健康。‎ ‎[短语、句式过关练]‎ Ⅰ.connect(单句语法填空/句型转换)‎ ‎1．Health problems are connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise.‎ ‎2．The police have collected some information connected (connect) with the murder.‎ ‎3．As is shown in the report, teenager problems are often connected with family life and education.‎ ‎→As is shown in the report, teenager problems are often in connection_with family life and education.‎ Ⅱ.crazy短语或句式填空 ‎1．Don't go_crazy and spend it all at once.‎ ‎2．Many students are_crazy_about chatting online, which wastes their plenty of time.‎ ‎3．It almost drove_him_crazy that the children kept making ‎ noise outside the window.‎ ‎4．When she heard her mother had got a cancer, she cried like_crazy.‎ Ⅲ.see复合结构(单句语法填空)‎ ‎1．I saw the girl heading (head) towards the school library with a smile on her face. ‎ ‎2．By the time I saw the job advertised (advertise) in the newspaper, it was already too late.‎ ‎3．The teacher was seen to_enter (enter) the reading room just now.‎ Ⅳ.祈使句(单句语法填空/句型转换)‎ ‎1．One more week, and we will_finish (finish) the task.‎ ‎2．Turn (turn) left, and you will see the post office next to a bank.‎ ‎3．Listen carefully or/or_else/otherwise you'll miss something important.‎ ‎4．If you make one more effort, you'll succeed.‎ ‎→Make_one_more_effort,_and you'll succeed.‎ ‎→One_more_effort,_and you'll succeed.‎ 提能一　用课文词汇写高分作文 anxious， unhealthy， lifestyle， diet， be crazy about， become ill， have a temperature， be connected with， take exercise， at least， pick up ‎1．补全要点句(“黑体”部分选用上面方框中的单词或短语)‎ ‎①因为他痴迷于电脑游戏，汤姆生病了而且发烧。‎ Because he was_crazy_about computer games, Tom became_ill and had_a_temperature.‎ ‎②他妈妈非常担心他的健康，把他送进了医院。‎ His mother was anxious about his health and sent him to hospital.‎ ‎③医生说他的病与不健康的生活方式有关。‎ The doctor said that his illness was_connected_with his unhealthy lifestyle.‎ ‎④医生建议汤姆至少一周锻炼两次，并保持均衡的饮食。‎ The doctor advised Tom to take_exercise at_least twice a week and keep a balanced diet.‎ ‎⑤汤姆听从了医生的建议，并且几天后他恢复了健康。‎ Tom followed the doctor's advice and a few days later, he picked_up.‎ ‎2．升级平淡句 ‎(1)用“that's because ...”句型改写句①‎ Tom_became_ill_and_had_a_temperature_and_that's_because_he_was_crazy_about_computer_games.‎ ‎(2)用advise跟宾语从句改写句④‎ The_doctor_advised_that_Tom_(should)_take_exercise_at_least_twice_a_week_and_keep_a_balanced_diet.‎ ‎3．衔接成语篇(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：then, finally)‎ Tom became ill and had a temperature and that's because he was crazy about computer games. His mother was anxious about his health and sent him to hospital. The doctor said that his illness was connected with his unhealthy lifestyle. Then the doctor advised that Tom (should) take exercise at least twice a week and keep a balanced diet. Finally Tom followed the doctor's advice and a few days later, he picked up.‎ 提能二　用课文句型解构高考长难句　[本单元突破点——宾语从句＋状语从句]‎ 经典例句 比较分析 真题尝试翻译 课文长难句 Because of this, I make sure that I have a good diet, and as I've said, this isn't a problem because my make sure后为that引导的宾语从句，because引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎ mother feeds us so well.‎ 一些移民支持者担心，由于严重的金融危机使得本国人很难保住工作，这样的措施将成为一种不包容的工具，而不是融合。‎ 真题长难句 Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs, such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration (融合)．(2017·6月浙江高考阅读理解C)‎ that引导的是宾语从句；该从句中as引导原因状语从句。‎ ‎“饮食与健康”话题是距离学生生活比较近和比较熟悉的话题之一，也是高中新课程标准24个话题之一。随着社会的进步和人们物质生活水平的提高，人们对饮食健康的重视程度越来越高，“健康生活”的理念成为趋势。纵观历年各地高考试题，此话题在完形填空、阅读理解、书面表达等题型中频繁出现。因此，应该引起我们的重视。‎ 一、话题与语篇 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2017·浙江高考阅读B)‎ ‎[1]Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids. According to a new survey (调查) by the National Sleep Foundation, 51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights, even though they have to get up early. Last year the ‎ Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7 to 12yearolds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.‎ ‎[2]How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. Babies need a lot of rest; most of them sleep about 18 hours a day! Adults need about eight hours. For most schoolage children, ten hours is ideal (理想的). But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10 to 12yearolds get only seven or eight hours. And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime? Watch TV.‎ ‎[3]“More children are going to bed with TVs on, and there are more opportunities (机会) to stay awake, with more homework, the Internet and the phone，” says Dr. Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School. She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep. Other experts say part of the problem is chemical. Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers' bodies develop adult characteristics, but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm.‎ ‎[4]Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers, some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to. Three years ago, schools in Edina, Minnesota, changed the start time from 7：25 am to 8：30 am. Students, parents and teachers are pleased with the results.‎ ‎1．What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on?‎ A．American kids' sleeping habits.‎ B．Teenagers' sleeprelated diseases.‎ C．Activities to prevent sleeplessness.‎ D．Learning problems and lack of sleep.‎ ‎2．How many hours of sleep do 11yearolds need every day?‎ A．7 hours.　　　　　　　　 B．8 hours.‎ C．10 hours. D．18 hours.‎ ‎3．Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon?‎ A．They are affected by certain body chemicals.‎ B．They tend to do things that excite them.‎ C．They follow their parents' examples.‎ D．They don't need to go to school early.‎ ‎[策略指导]　‎ ‎(一)这样读文 第1步：宏观把握文章大意 分层 抓关键句 概括层意 行文结构 第1段 第1段画波浪线部分 指出当前青少年存在晚睡的坏习惯 开门见山指出问题 第2段 第2段画波浪线部分 不同年龄段的人所需要的睡眠时间不同 深入研究问题 第3段 第3段画波浪线部分 青少年晚睡是电视、作业、网络、手机带来的兴奋所致 原因分析 第4段 第4段画波浪线部分 一些学校对青少年睡眠不足这个问题采取了措施 应对措施 第2步：微观突破理解障碍 Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7 to 12yearolds said they felt tired during the day, and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school.‎ ‎[句式分析]　本句是一个复合句。主句是“the Foundation reported ...”，后面的“that nearly 60% of 7to 12yearolds said they felt tired during the day”和“15% said they had fallen asleep at school”是两个并列的宾语从句。这两个并列的宾语从句中又各自包含一个宾语从句，分别是“they felt tired during the day”和“they had fallen asleep at school”。‎ ‎[自主翻译]　去年，基金会报告说，几乎60%的7至12岁青少年说他们白天感到疲倦，而15%的青少年说他们上课的时候都睡着了。‎ ‎(二)这样做题 ‎[名师解题]‎ ‎1．推理判断题。选A　根据第一段内容可知，该调查主要是对美国青少年的睡眠习惯进行的研究，所以选A项。B、C、D三项为“无中生有”型错误。‎ ‎2．细节理解题。选C　根据第二段的“For most schoolage children, ten hours is ideal(理想的)．”可知，11岁左右的青少年最佳的睡眠时长是10小时，故选C项。A、B、D三项为“曲解文意”型错误。‎ ‎3．推理判断题。选B　根据第三段中的第一句和“She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep.”可推知，由于青少年晚上的活动都会使他们兴奋，所以他们很难静下心来睡觉，从而导致晚睡，故选B项。A项为“张冠李戴”型错误，C、D两项为“无中生有”型错误。‎ ‎[阅读理解系列技法4]　利用文中“关键段”进行推理判断 推理判断题的选项有时集中于文章某一段，这时要仔细阅读该段所包含的有效信息，合理进行推理判断。‎ 例如第1题，根据题干中的关键词“survey”可定位到第一段，根据文章第一段内容可知，国家睡眠基金会对一定年龄段孩子的睡眠习惯进行了调查，所以选A项。‎ ‎(三)这样积累 ‎1．level n．　　　　　　　　　水平 ‎2．teenager n. 青少年 ‎3．characteristic n. 特性；特征 ‎4．district n. 区域；地方 ‎5．according to 根据 ‎6．fall asleep 入睡 ‎7．stay awake 醒着 ‎8．calm down 平静下来 二、话题与写作 ‎[考题示例]　　　　　　　　　　(2014·安徽高考)‎ 为了帮助中学生健康成长，某中学英文报开辟了“HEARTTOHEART”专栏。假设你是该栏目的编辑Jamie，收到一封署名为Worried的求助信。信中该同学向你诉说了自己的困扰：近日容易发脾气，使正常的学习和生活受到了影响。请用英文给该同学写一封回信。‎ 内容要点如下：‎ ‎1．表示理解并给予安慰；‎ ‎2.提出建议并说明理由。‎ 注意：1.词数120左右；‎ ‎2．信中不能出现与本人相关的信息；‎ ‎3．信的开头与结尾已为你拟好，不计入总词数。‎ 参考词汇：temper n. 脾气，情绪 Hi Worried，‎ I'm sorry to know that you're having such a bad time at the moment. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours，‎ Jamie ‎[写作规范]　‎ 第一步：写对词汇不丢冤枉分 ‎1．经历一段时期　　　　　have_one_of_those_period ‎2．变差/坏 go_wrong ‎3．控制你的脾气/情绪 control_your_temper ‎4．到户外去 go_outdoors ‎5．进行小组游戏 play_team_games ‎6．身体锻炼 physical_exercise ‎7．消除愤怒 get_rid_of_anger ‎8．保持乐观 remain_optimistic ‎9．对……持有积极态度 a_positive_attitude_to/towards ‎10．振奋你的精神 lift_your_spirits 第二步：列全要点、写对句子保基本分 ‎1．事实上每个人都会有似乎诸事不顺的一段时期，因此你没有必要太担心。‎ The_truth_is_that_everyone_will_have_one_of_those_periods_when_things_seem_to_be_going_wrong,_so you don't have to worry so much.‎ ‎2．重要的是学会控制你的脾气。‎ The important thing is to_learn_to_control_your_temper.‎ ‎3．你就不会做或说后悔的事。‎ You may_not_do_or_say_anything_you'll_regret.‎ ‎4．和你信任的人谈论你的感受。‎ Talk_to_someone_you_trust about how you feel.‎ ‎5．这是发泄愤怒的一种好的方式。‎ This is a_great_way_of_letting_your_anger_out.‎ ‎6．它不会伤害到别人或你自己。‎ It_doesn't_hurt others or yourself.‎ ‎7．到户外去和朋友一起从事像身体锻炼之类的团队游戏是消除愤怒的一种有效方式。‎ Going outdoors and playing team games with your friends as physical exercise is_an_effective_way_to_get_rid_of_anger.‎ ‎8．对你的未来保持乐观。‎ Remain_optimistic_about your future.‎ ‎9．对生活积极的态度有助于振奋你的精神。‎ Such a positive attitude towards life can_be_helpful_in_lifting_your_spirits.‎ ‎10．希望你不久就像往常一样心态平静。‎ I hope you'll soon feel_calm_and_carry_on_as_normal.‎ 第三步：句式升级、打造亮点得高分 ‎1．用so that合并句2和句3‎ The_important_thing_is_to_learn_to_control_your_temper_so_that_you_may_not_do_or_say_anything_you'll_regret.‎ ‎2．用without合并句5和句6‎ This_is_a_great_way_of_letting_your_anger_out_without_hurting_others_or_yourself.‎ 第四步：过渡衔接、润色成文创满分 Hi Worried，‎ I'm sorry to know that you're are having such a bad time at the moment. The truth is that everyone will have one of those periods when things seem to be going wrong, so you don't have to worry so much. The important thing is to learn to control your temper so that you may not do or say anything you'll regret. Here are three useful tips：‎ First, talk to someone you trust about how you feel. This is a great way of letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself. Second, going outdoors and playing team games with your friends as physical exercise is an effective way to get rid of anger. And third, remain optimistic about your future. Such a positive attitude towards life can be helpful in lifting your spirits.‎ I hope you'll soon feel calm and carry on as normal.‎ Yours，‎ Jamie Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Moutai Thanks the Hit Movie Wolf Warrior Ⅱ for Free Advertising Chinese box office hit Wolf Warrior Ⅱ has received a thankyou letter from the president of China Kweichow Moutai (Group) Distillery Co., Ltd, the country's most famous brand of liquor, because of the scenes where the hero drank Moutai liquor in the movie.‎ The movie, which premiered (首映) on July 27,2017, tells the story of a former Chinese People's Liberation Army soldier protecting ‎ Chinese citizens and local factory workers in an African war zone.‎ The patriotic (爱国的) emotions have proven popular with audiences. By the end of September, Wolf Warrior Ⅱ had earned more than 5.6 billion yuan, breaking China's alltime box office record, set last year by Hong Kong comedy The Mermaid. Wu Jing, 43, both starred in and directed Wolf Warrior Ⅱ， whose prequel (前传) earned 525 million yuan in 2015.‎ On August 7, Yuan Renguo, president of Kweichow Moutai, congratulated Wu Jing on his success in an open letter on the company's website. “The movie has hit a new record and become a phenomenon，” Yuan wrote. “The movie is now synonymous (相同的) with patriotism. Your free advertising of Moutai in the movie has once more allowed this famous Chinese brand to impress the world.”‎ Yuan also added that the company had organized screenings of the film for its more than 30,000 employees, which improved their feelings of nationalism and “company cohesion (凝聚力)”．‎ Many moviegoers also said they were impressed by the patriotic plot of Wolf Warrior Ⅱ. Tong Yemeng, a 32yearold office worker from Beijing, told Sixth Tone that she watched the film because of positive reviews from her colleagues and on the social media. “I felt so moved and proud of my country when I saw Wu Jing waving the national flag in the war zone，” she said. “It showed our increasing national power.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是对2017年热门电影《战狼Ⅱ ‎》的介绍，该影片主题突出，表现的是一种爱国情怀和为国家、为民族不惜牺牲一切的精神，充分展现了当代中国军人的责任和担当，充满正能量。‎ ‎1．What did the hero of Wolf Warrior Ⅱ once do?‎ A．He was a worker.　　　　　 B．He was a soldier.‎ C．He was a coach. D．He was a president.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The movie ... tells the story of a former Chinese People's Liberation Army soldier protecting ... zone.”可知，《战狼Ⅱ》中的英雄曾经是一名军人。故选B。‎ ‎2．Why is Wolf Warrior Ⅱ so popular?‎ A．Because the movie is concerned with the love of our country.‎ B．Because Wu Jing played a key role and directed the film.‎ C．Because it is the first film concerning an African war zone.‎ D．Because the plot gives audiences a deep impression.‎ 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The patriotic(爱国的) emotions have proven popular with audiences.”可知，这部影片很受欢迎的原因与爱国有关。故选A。‎ ‎3．Which word can best describe Yuan Renguo's attitude towards the movie when he wrote the letter?‎ A．Favorable. B．Astonished.‎ C．Relieved. D．Uncaring.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The movie has hit a new record and become a phenomenon”与“... has once more allowed this famous Chinese brand to impress the world”和第五段，再结合文章标题可知，他写信时是非常赞许这部电影的。故选A。‎ ‎4．What caused Tong Yemeng to see Wolf Warrior Ⅱ？‎ A．Desiring to relax. B．External influence.‎ C．Feeling lonely. D．Friends' urgency.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Tong Yemeng，a 32yearold office worker from Beijing, told Sixth Tone that she watched the film because of positive reviews from her colleagues and on the social media.”可知，是外部影响促使她去看《战狼Ⅱ》的。故选B。‎ B If only things were that simple. Supporters of the socalled Stone Age diet argue that farming practices introduced about 10,000 years ago are harmful to human health, and that we shouldn't eat grains or food made from milk, such as butter and cheese. Instead, they say, we should only eat plenty of lean meat (瘦肉) and fish, with fruit and raw vegetables on the side.‎ The idea, also called the caveman, or huntergatherer diet, has been around for decades and was discussed at a meeting of the British Society for Allergy, Environmental and Nutritional Medicine.‎ According to Lauren Cordain, a nutritionist at Colorado State University who presented the idea to the meeting, those following the ‎ meatcentered menu “lose weight and get healthy by eating the food you were designed to eat”. He says there is increasing evidence that a caveman diet can prevent and treat many common western diseases. Studies of islanders in Papua New Guinea who still live a huntergatherer lifestyle show they rarely suffer from heart disease.‎ But other nutritionists argue that cutting out whole food groups such as grains is just not a good idea.‎ ‎“I would recommend anybody to eat lean meat and raw vegetables，” says Toni Steer of the MRC human nutrition research unit at Cambridge. “But what you're asking people to do is cut out a food group which is good for your health.”‎ Archaeologists say it's not even clear exactly how much of the various foods people actually ate during the Stone Age.‎ ‎“There was no one Stone Age diet; diets of the past varied greatly，” says John Gowlett, an archaeologist at the University of Liverpool who also attended the conference. Prehistoric people in Africa probably ate less meat than many people think, he says, while those in the northern, icy areas were forced to eat only whatever animals they could catch.‎ ‎“I'm not convinced that we know what Stone Age man ate，” agrees Andrew Millard, who researches ancient health and diet at Durham University. “The evidence we have only suggests the meat component of the diet. We get bones from animals they have eaten but we don't get the remains of any vegetables they have eaten because they rot (腐烂) away.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。有营养学家认为，像我们石器时代祖先那样以肉为主的吃法有益健康，对此很多研究者表示怀疑。‎ ‎5．To improve your health, Cordain suggests ________.‎ A．losing weight first B．eating less meat and fish C．going on the Stone Age diet D．eating more fruit and vegetables 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段中的“According to Lauren Cordain ... those following the meatcentered menu ... a caveman diet can prevent and treat many common western diseases.”可知，Cordain认为石器时代的饮食有益健康。‎ ‎6．What is Steer's attitude towards eating grains?‎ A．Doubtful. B．Cautious.‎ C．Tolerant. D．Supportive.‎ 解析：选D　推理判断题。根据第四段及第五段中的“‘But what you're asking people to do is cut out a food group which is good for your health’．”可知，Steer认为吃谷类食物有益健康，不应该把它们从我们的饮食结构中去掉。‎ ‎7．In Millard's opinion, the evidence for the Stone Age diet ________.‎ A．shows nothing about the diet's vegetable component B．tells us about ancient people's cooking methods C．has proven to be reliable and convincing D．agrees with his research results 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“we don't get the remains of any vegetables they have eaten because they rot (腐烂) away.”可知，Millard认为，关于石器时代饮食的证据显示不出该饮食结构中蔬菜的成分。‎ ‎8．What does the text mainly discuss?‎ A．How the Stone Age evolved.‎ B．When the Stone Age diet started.‎ C．Whether the Stone Age diet is healthy.‎ D．Why the Stone Age topic is getting popular.‎ 解析：选C　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，Cordain认为，像我们石器时代祖先那样以肉为主的吃法有益健康，对此Steer, Gowlett和Millard表示怀疑。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Study abroad Every year, thousands of students choose to study abroad for the summer, six months, a year or longer. Here are some things you need to know before you make such a decision.‎ Why do it?‎ Living in another country will help you learn about the culture of another land. You will see the world in a new way. __1__ Many companies today want employees who speak a second language or who have experienced living or working in another country.‎ Making the right choice.‎ To choose the right country or school, ask yourself these questions: __2__ Do I want to live with a host family, with roommates, or alone? How much do I want to pay?‎ ‎__3__‎ Get your passport and visa early! Before you go, learn as much of the language as you can, and read about the customs of your host country. Also, talk with people who have experience studying abroad. Call the school to make sure someone can meet you when you get there.‎ Once you are there.‎ After the first few weeks it's usual to feel a little homesick. __4__ Just be open to meeting new people and having new experiences. Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place with new customs. Talk to your new friends and write about your feelings. __5__‎ A．Getting ready to go.‎ B．Improving your language skills.‎ C．You'll miss your family and friends.‎ D．How long do I want to study abroad?‎ E．Make a phone call to the “study abroad” office.‎ F．Always keep an open mind and you will succeed.‎ G．Studying abroad is also excellent training for the working world.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者主要就出国学习提出了几点建议。‎ ‎1．选G　由该空后的“Many companies today ... in another country.”可知，这里是说留学给就业带来的好处，故选G项。‎ ‎2．选D　由该空前的“ask yourself these questions”和空格后的几个问题可知，应该选D项。‎ ‎3．选A　由该段中的“Get your passport and visa early！”和“learn as much of the language as you can”等信息可知，本段主要是讲出行前的准备工作，故选A项。‎ ‎4．选C　由该空前的“After the first few weeks it's usual to feel a little homesick.”可知，C项内容符合此处语境。‎ ‎5．选F　该空前介绍如何去适应新的生活。F项的“open mind”与上文的“open”呼应，故选F项。‎