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2020-2021年高考英语完形填空讲解练习:利用词汇复现解题

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2020-2021 年高考英语完形填空讲解练习:利用词汇复现解题 技法指导 在完形填空的一部分题目中,考生不需要做出推理判断,可以利用风汇复现(某一词在同一语篇中重 复出现)解题,轻松确定正确答案。这些词汇复现包括: (1)原词复现:在上下文中同一词汇重复出现。 (2)同根词复现:词形变化的词汇复现, (3)同义/近义词复现:意思相同,相近的表达方式,或者解释性的词汇复现。 (4)反义词复现:意思相反的表达方式对应复现。 (5)上下义词复现:总括与分述的词汇复现。 精炼必刷题: (一) “I have a letter for you,” my friend Kirsten told me on the phone.“I think it's from your mother.”I was 1 , since my mother had been 2 for seven years. A few weeks later Kirsten handed me the 3 dated Aug. 30, 2002. Around then I was preparing for my pilot course's final exam at the 4 school. The students finished the training on 5 days. I was the first to 6 .My mother's letter 7 after I left. Kirsten picked it up from my mail-box, to keep it 8 she next saw me. 9 , a few days later, when it was her turn to leave, she 10 the letter among the piles of papers she 11 packed into boxes. It 12 there for a decade, during which my mother died. In 2013, when Kirsten 13 some dusty be longings from her flying school days, she 14 the letter. It's been two years since Kirsten gave me the letter which I've carried on my long flights. But I haven't 15 it yet. When I told some friends this, they 16 their heads. They said they wouldn't have been able to wait a second. Of course, I 17 ---How could I not?---about her 18 in the envelope. Surely, I think, she had written to wish me luck, ask about my life and tell me the news from 19 to make me at ease. However, for now it's 20 to look at her handwriting on the envelope, and to remember that until l open it, I know I'll hear from her once more. 1.A.delighted B. confused C. terrified D. moved 2.A.back B. lost C. dead D. sick 3.A.envelope B. package C. ticket D. stamp 4.A.art B. sports C. flight D. military 5.A.blessed B. hard C. particular D. different 6.A.flee B. leave C. fly D. escape 7.A.landed B. returned C. disappeared D. delivered 8.A.until B. when C. unless D. after 9.A.Surely B. Thankfully C. Doubtfully D. Unfortunately 10.A.removed B. misplaced C. hid D. unfolded 11.A.slowly B. seriously C. hurriedly D. carefully 12.A.appeared B. stood C. settled D. remained 13.A.sorted through B. set down C. put down D. got through 14.A.posted B. recalled C. found D. addressed 15.A.received B. opened C. touched D. replied 16.A.nodded B. lifted C. shook D. lowered 17.A.complain B. inquire C. worry D. wonder 18.A.words B. interests C. puzzle D. secret 19.A.networks B. abroad C. papers D. home 20.A.appropriate B. enough C. foolish D. polite (二) Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device (装置) on your desk. And they’ve never actually 1 you. Everything they know about you 2 through this device, sometimes from hundreds of miles away. 3 they feel they can know you 4 from the sound of your voice. That’s how powerful the 5 is. Powerful, yes, but not always 6 . For years I dealt with my travel agent only by phone. Rani, my faceless agent whom I’d never met 7 , got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 8 me. I sometimes wished to 9 another agent. One morning, I had to 10 an immediate flight home for a family emergency. I ran into Rani’s office 11 . The woman sitting at the desk, 12 my madness, sympathetically jumped up. She gave me a 13 smile, nodded while listening patiently, and then printed out the 14 immediately. "What a wonderful lady! " I thought. Rushing out 15 I called out over my shoulder, "By the way, what’s your name?" "I’m Rani," she said. I turned around and saw a 16 woman with a big smile on her face waving to wish me a safe trip. I was 17 ! Why had I thought she was cold? Rani was, well, so 18 . Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out. Rani’s 19 — her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 20 — were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires. 1.A.accepted B.noticed C.heard D.met 2.A.came B.moved C.ran D.developed 3.A.Thus B.Yet C.Then D.Indeed 4.A.rather B.also C.just D.already 5.A.telephone B.voice C.connection D.impression 6.A.direct B.useful C.easy D.accurate 7.A.in person B.by myself C.in public D.on purpose 8.A.annoyed B.interested C.discouraged D.confused 9.A.promote B.train C.find D.know 10.A.arrange B.postpone C.confirm D.book 11.A.for the first time B.at any time C.from time to time D.in good time 12.A.expecting B.seeing C.testing D.avoiding 13.A.shy B.comforting C.familiar D.forced 14.A.bill B.form C.ticket D.list 15.A.hopefully B.disappointedly C.gratefully D.regretfully 16.A.careful B.serious C.nervous D.pleasant 17.A.amused B.worried C.helpless D.speechless 18.A.calm B.nice C.proud D.clever 19.A.forgiveness B.eagerness C.friendliness D.skillfulness 20.A.explanation B.attitude C.concept D.behavior (一)【答案】 1-5. BCACD 6-10. BAADB 11-15. CDACB 16-20. CDADB 【解析】 语篇解读,本文是一驾记仅文。文章讲述了“我”的母亲写给“我”的一封信,但由子意外,“我”在十年 后才收到这封信。 1.B 根据下文可知,“我”的母亲已经去世七年了。所以,当朋友告诉“我”这封信来自“我”的母亲时, “我”很迷感(confused). 2.C 根据第二段中的“during which my mother died"可知,选 C.此处为同根词复现。 3.A 根据第一段可知,过是母亲写给“我”的一封信,所以 Kirsten 交给“我”的是一个带有日期的信封。 且文章最后一句中的“on the envelope”也是信息暗示,为原词复现,故选 A. 4. C 根据空前的”my pilot course's final exam”和下文中的“flying school days”以及第三段第一句中的“on my long flights”可知,作者上的是飞行学校。此处为原词复现,故选 C. 5. D 根据下文可知,“我”是第一个离开的;再结合下文中的“when it was her turn to leave”可知,学生 们是在不同的日子完成训练的,故选 D. 6. B 根据下文中的“after I left”可知,此处 leave 符合语境。此处为原词复现。 7. A 根据下文“Kirsten picked it up from my mail-box, to keep it”可知,在“我”离开之后,母亲的信到了。 land“着陆,到达”。 8. A Kirsten 从“我”的邮精里把估拿出来,保存到地下次见到“我”的时候(再给“我”),故选 A. until “直到.……”符合语境。 9. D 根据上下文语境“我”十年后才收到这封信可知,不幸的是(Unfortunately),轮到她离开时,地把那 封信误放到(misplaced)她匆忙(hurriedly)装到箱子里的成堆的文件中。 10. B 参见上题解析。 11. C 参见第 9 题解析。 12. D 结合语境可知,它在那里待了十年。remain“停留,保持”。 13. A 2013 年,当她查看并整理(sorted through)一些在飞行学校上学时留下来的挤满灰尘的物品的时候, 她发现(found)了那封信,sort through“查看并整理”. 14. C 参见上题解析。 15. B 根据文章最后一句中的“and to remember that until I open it”可知选 B.此处为原词复现。 16. C 根据下一句“They said they wouldn't have been able to wait a second.“可知,当“我”告诉一些朋友 “我”还没有打开信的时候,他们不赞成“我”的做法,此应 为摇了摇头。 17. D 当然,“我”也想知道母亲在位里写了什么。“How could I not?”为插入语。wonder “想要知道”, 符合语境。 18. A sb.'s words“某人说的话(写的内容)”。 19. D 当然“我”认为母亲写信是要祝“我”好运,问问“我”的生活并且告诉“我”家里(home)的消 息以使“我”放松。 20. B 然而,对于现在来说,看到信封上母亲写的字,并记住它直到“我”打开信封,这就足够(enough) 了。 (二) 【答案】 1-5.DABCA 6-10.DAACD 11-15.ABBCC 16-20.DDBCB 【解析】 本文属于夹叙夹议文。“我”通过电话与“我”的代理商 Rani 交流时发现,她比较“冷漠”,让我很生气,甚至 有了换人的想法。后来实际生活中的一次接触让我发现原来“我”的看法完全是错误的。生活中的 Rani 是一 个很善良体贴的人。以此告诉我们不要随意下结论,要全面思考问题。 1.考查动词辨析。句意:你们也许从来都没有见过面。A. accepted 接受;B. noticed 注意;C. heard 听说; 听见;D. met 遇见。根据第一句可知很多人只是通过电话了解你,你们也许从来都没有见过面,只是通过 电话交流。故 D 正确。 2.考查动词辨析。句意:他们对你的了解来自电话。A. came 来;B. moved 移动;C. ran 奔跑;D. developed 发展,开发。他们对你的了解来自电话,因为你们之间的距离通常非常遥远,甚至在千里之外。故 A 正确。 3.考查副词。句意:虽然你们之间的距离很远,但是他们觉得通过你的声音就可以了解你。上下文之间是 转折关系,所以使用副词 yet。故 B 正确。 4.考查副词辨析。句意:别人认为只是通过声音就可以了解你。A. rather 相当地;B. also 也;C. just 只是; D. already 已经。本句使用 just 表示强调,别人认为只是通过声音就可以了解你。故 C 正确。 5.考查名词辨析。句意:这就是电话的强大之处。根据 6 空后的“only by phone”可知这里说的是电话的强 大之处,故 A 正确。 6.考查形容词辨析。句意:电话虽然很强大,但有时并不准确。A. direct 直接的;B. useful 有用的;C. easy 容易的;D. accurate 准确的。本空前的 but 说明上下文之间是转折关系,电话虽然很强大,但有时并不准确。 故 D 正确。 7.考查介词短语辨析。A. in person 亲自;B. by myself 靠自己;C. in public 当众;D. on purpose 故意地。A 项与空前的 faceless 相呼应,Rani 是代理人,但是我们从来没有碰过面。故 A 正确。 8.考查动词辨析。句意:Rani 在电话里的声音很冷漠,让我很烦恼。A. annoyed 使烦恼;B. interested 使 感兴趣;C. discouraged 使气馁;D. confused 使困惑。空前的 cold voice 可知 Rani 在电话里的声音很冷漠, 让我很不高兴,甚至想过要另外找一个代理人。说明我对她冷漠的声音很恼怒。故 A 正确。 9.考查动词辨析。句意:我有时想另找代理人。A. promote 促进;B. train 训练;C. find 寻找,找到;D. know 知道。正是因为 Rani 的声音让我很不舒服,所以我曾经想过另找代理人。故 C 正确。 10.考查动词辨析。句意:因为家中的紧急事情我要立刻预订回家的航班。A. arrange 安排;B. postpone 推 迟;C. confirm 确认;D. book 预订。表示预定机票,故 D 正确。 11.考查介词短语。句意:我第一次去了 Rani 的办公室。A. for the first time 第一次;B. at any time 随时; C. from time to time 有时,不时;D. in good time 及时地,迅速地。因为情况紧急,所以我第一次去了 Rani 的办公室。故 A 正确。 12.考查动词辨析。句意:她看见我很着急,Rani 非常同情我,给了我安慰的笑容。A. expecting 期待,预 料;B. seeing 看见;C. testing 检测;D. avoiding 避免。故选 B。 13.考查形容词辨析。句意:她给了我安慰的微笑。A. shy 害羞的;B. comforting 安慰的;C. familiar 熟悉 的;D. forced 被迫的。她看到我很着急,笑着安慰我。故 B 正确。 14.考查名词辨析。句意:Rani 很快帮我把机票打印出来。A. bill 账单;B. form 表格;C. ticket 票;D. list 清单。由 30 空可知我要预订回家的机票,这里指 Rani 很快帮我把机票打印出来。故 C 正确。 15.考查副词辨析。A. hopefully 充满希望地;B. disappointedly 感到失望地;C. gratefully 感激地;D. regretfully 遗憾地。对方如此迅速地帮我把机票打印出来,而且一直面带微笑,这让我心存感激。故 C 项正确。 16.考查形容词辨析。句意:我转过身,看见一个令人愉快的女人脸上挂着灿烂的笑容,招手祝我一路平 安。A. careful 细心的;B. serious 严肃的,认真的;C. nervous 紧张的;D. pleasant 令人愉快的。现实生活中 的 Rani 富有同情心,待人热情大方,是一个令人愉快的相处对象。故 D 项正确。 17.考查形容词辨析。A. amused 好笑的;B. worried 担心的;C. helpless 无助的;D. speechless 无语的。现 实生活中的她是如此的体贴大方,而我之前却认为她很冷漠,我真是无话可说。故 D 项正确。 18.考查形容词辨析。之前我认为 Rani 很冷漠,但却没有想到实际生活中的 Rani 是如此的美好善良。A. calm 平静的;B. nice 美好的; C. proud 骄傲的; D. clever 聪明的。故 B 项正确。 19.考查名词辨析。句意:Rani 的友善——她温暖的微笑,她的点头,她“我在这里为你”的态度——都是 无声的信号,没有通过电线传递。A. forgiveness 谅解;B. eagerness 急切;C. friendliness 友好;D. skillfulness 熟练。从上文内容可知 Rani 对我非常友好善良,并没有电话中的那种冷漠的感觉。故 C 项正确。 20.考查名词辨析。A. explanation 解释;B. attitude 态度;C. concept 概念;D. behavior 行为。Rani 善良友 好的态度并没有从电话线中传递过去。B 项指 Rani 对我的友好态度。故 B 项正确。 【点睛】 本篇完形填空很好地体现了对考生语篇理解能力的考查。其中有对于语篇的上下文复现考查,有部分答案 可以在上下文中找到。如第 5 小题,根据第一段的描述,以及 6 空后的“only by phone”可知本文介绍的是电 话,人们可以通过电话了解你。