2020-2021年高考英语语法填空专项训练（三） 7页

2020-2021 年高考英语语法填空专项训练（三） Go(围棋）is a board game for two players, in which the aim is to surround more territory than the opponent. The game 1 (invent)in China more than 2,500 years ago and is believed to be the 2 (old) board game continuously played to the present day. A 2016 survey found that there are over 20million current players, the majority of 3 live in East Asia. The playing pieces are called "stones". One player uses the white stones and the 4 , black. The players take 5 (turn)to place the stones on the vacant intersections(交叉点）of a board. Once 6 (place) on the board, stones may not be moved, but stones are removed from the board if "capture(捕获）”. Capture happens when a stone or a group of stones is surrounded by opposing stones on all points. The game goes on until neither player wishes to make another move. When a game 7 (come) to an end, the winner is determined by 8 (count) each player's surrounded territory along with captured stones and komi(贴目）.A teacher might 9 (simple)the explanation by saying to a student " you may place your stone any point on the board, but if I surround that stone, I will remove 10 . " 【答案】 1. 【答案】was invented 【解析】句意：2,500 多年前，该游戏发明于中国，人们认为它是至今为止一直被玩的最古老的棋类 游戏。本题考查时态和语态。主语 the game 与 invent 为被动关系，故本空需用被动语态；根据时间状 语 more than 2,500 years ago 可知设空处用一般过去时，故设空处填 was invented。 2. 【答案】 oldest 【解析】根据设空处前的 the 及上下文逻辑可知设空处用形容词最高级形式，故填 oldest。 3. 【答案】whom 【解析】句意：2016 年的一次调查发现目前有两千多万玩家，他们中的大多数都生活在东亚。本句 无从属连词，也无并列连词，只有一个逗号连接两个部分，由此可推知本题考查非限制性定语从句。 先行词 为 players,关系词在定语从句中作介词 of 的宾语，先行词指“人”且介词位于设空处之前， 故填 whom。 4. 【答案】 other 【解析】句意：一位选手用白子，另外一个用黑子。 根据常识可知围棋比赛在两个选手间进行，根据本句中的 One 可知设空处填 other,与设空处前的 the 构 成 the other,表示两者中的另一方。 5. 【答案】turns 【解析】句意：选手在棋盘上的空的交叉点轮流置子。本题考查动词短语。take turns to do sth.为固定 短语，意为：轮流做某事。 6. 【答案】placed 【解析】句意：一旦被放在棋盘上，棋子就不能被移动……。本题考查非谓语动词作状语。主语 stones 与 place 为逻辑上的被动关系，且表示完成，故填过去分词 placed。 7. 【答案】 comes 【解析】此处表示：当游戏结束时，通过数每个选手被捕获的棋子和贴目的个数决定胜负。本句介 绍围棋的规则，需用一般现在时，故填 comes。 8. 【答案】 counting 【解析】设空处前为介词，设空处作介词 by 的宾语，故填动名词 counting。 9. 【答案】simplify 【解析】根据设空处前的情态动词 might 可知设空处填动词原形；根据提示词 simple 可知设空处填 simplify,意为：简化。 10. 【答案】 it 【解析】此处表示：你可以将棋子放在棋盘的任何一个点上，但是如果我包围了那颗棋子，我就会 将其拿掉。设空处作宾语，指代“that stone”，故填代词 it。 二、 I found one time that helping someone could get you into a lot of trouble. I was in the 1 ( nine ) grade at the time , and we were having a final test. During the test, the girl 2 (sit) next to me whispered something, but I didn't understand. Finally I found that she was trying to ask me 3 I had an extra pen. She showed me that 4 ( her ) was out of ink and would not write . I happened to have an extra one , so I put it on her desk . Later, after the test papers had been turned in, the teacher 5 ( ask ) me to stay in the room when all the other students were dismissed. As soon as we were alone she began to talk to me about how important it was 6 ( stand ) on your own two 7 (foot) and be responsible for your own acts. For a long time, she talked about honesty and emphasized the fact 8 when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves. She made me promise that I would think 9 (serious) about all the things she had said, and then she told me . I could leave. I walked out of the room wondering why she had chosen to talk to me 10 all those things. Later on, I found out that she thought I had cheated on the test. 1.【答案】ninth 【解析】句意：那时我在上九年级，我们正在进行期末考试。设空处表示次序，需填序数词 ninth。 2. 【答案】sitting 【解析】句意：考试期间，坐在我旁边的那个女孩小声说了些什么，但我没听懂。“——（sit)next to me"作定语。被修饰词 the girl 与 sit 为逻辑上的主动关系，且设空处表示“正在进行”，故填现在分词 sitting。 3. 【答案】 if/whether 【解析】句意：最后我发现她在试图问我是否有多余的钢笔。“——I had an extra pen”为宾语从句， 作 ask 的宾语，设空处表示“是否”，故填 if 或 whether。 4. 【答案】 hers 【解析】句意：她给我看她的钢笔没墨水了，写不了字了。设空处作宾语从句的主语，故用名词性 物主代词 hers,相当于 her pen。 5. 【答案】 asked 【解析】句意：后来，交卷后，其他学生都获准离开了，老师却把我留在教室里。根据上下文可知 设空处说的是过去的情况，需用一般过去时，故填 asked。 6. 【答案】 to stand 【解析】句意：只剩下我们俩时，她开始对我讲独立、对自己的行为负责是多么重要。“how important it was responsible for your own acts"为宾语从句，该从句中 it 为形式主语，故本空可用动名词或不定式作 真正主语，但根据并列连词 and 后的 be(动词原形）可知设空处只能填不定式 to stand。 7 .【答案】feet 【解析】stand on one's own(two)feet 为固定短语，意为：(=be independent and able to take care of oneself) 独立，自立。 8. 【答案】 that 【解析】句意：她很长时间一直谈论有关诚实这一话题并强调了一个事实：当人们做了不诚实的事 情时，他们实际上是在欺骗自己。“———— when people do something dishonest, they are really cheating themselves'为同位语从句，作 the fact 的同位语，该从句中不缺任何成分，故填 that。 9. 【答案】 seriously 【解析】句意：她让我承诺我将认真考虑她所说的话，然后告诉我可以离开了。设空处作动词 think 的状语，需用副词，故填 seriously。 10. 【答案】 about 【解析】句意：我走出房间，纳闷她为什么选择跟我谈那些事情。talk to sb. about sth.为常用短语， 意为：与某人谈论某事。 三、 One news story about the modern Olympics is about men 1 (pretend)to be women to enter the women's events. People are arguing about how fair 2 is to test women athletes to make sure they are not men. One side argues that men are 3 (strong), so they will win any women's event. They say that women should be tested to make sure they are not men. Th other side thinks that this is 4 (fair) to women. They say skill is more important than strength. But has this ever really happened ? 5 answer is yes , several times ! The most famous case is that of Dora in the 1936 Olympic Games. The Olympics 6 (hold) in Berlin, Germany, three years after the Nazis came 7 power. The Nazis wanted to win lots of events, but they had wrong ideas about race. They did not want black or Jewish people in the German team. B many of their best athletes were Jewish. The Nazis did not let these athletes compete. But that meant they might lose events! One event 8 the Nazis thought they might lose was the women's high jump. So the Nazis sent a male athlete, Herman Ratjen, 9 (compete)under the name of "Dora" .Did he win ? No . " Dora " came fourth . The 10 ( win ) was a young Jewish woman from Hungary. She jumped 1.60 metres. "Dora only jumped 1.58 metres. So men do not always win. 【答案】 1. 【答案】pretending 【解析】考查非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词 men 与 pretend 为逻辑上的主动关系，且设空处所表示的 动作没有一定的时间性，需填现在分词形式，故填 pretending,相当于 who pretend... 2.【答案】 it 【解析】考查 it 的用法。句意：人们在争论检查女性运动员以确保她们不是男性的公平性。此处 it 是 形式主语，动词不定式短语是真正的主语。 3 .【答案】stronger 【解析】考查形容词。此处是将男人和女人进行比较，用形容词比较级。 4. 【答案】 unfair 【解析】考查形容词。句意：另一方认为这对女性不公平。此处用形容词作表语，结合句意可知此 处表示“不公平的”，故答案为 unfair。 5.【答案】. The 【解析】考查冠词。此处特指上句问题的答案，故答案为 The。 6.【答案】 were held 【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意：纳粹掌权三年后，奥运会在德国柏林举行。句子主语 the Olympics 与 hold 为被动关系，故需要用被动语态形式；根据时间状语“after the Nazis came ______power"可知设 空处用一般过去时；the Olympics=the Olympic Games,属于复数概念，故填 were held。 7. 【答案】 to 【解析】考查固定短语。come to power 执政，掌权。 8. 【答案】 that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：纳粹认为他们可能会输掉的一个项目是女子跳高。此处 event 是先行 词，指物，设空处在定语从句中作宾语，故答案为关系代词 that/which。 9. 【答案】 to compete 【解析】考查非谓语动词。send sb.to do sth.派某人去做某事，此处是动词不定式作宾语补足语。 10. 【答案】 winner 【解析】考查词形转换。句意：获胜者是一位来自匈牙利的年轻犹太女性。由 the 修饰该词，结合 句意可知此处表示“获胜者”，故答案为 winner。 四、 Alice Pang from Hong Kong always liked dressing well and looking elegant, but never 1 (actual) considered a career(职业）in modelling. But her granddaughter always thought she had a gift 2 it, so when she saw an online ad for senior models over 65 , she sent in Alice's pictures and she was selected for a photo shoot. Though 3 ( know ) nothing about modelling , Alice Pang had all the natural qualities and succeeded. Today, she 4 (recognize) as one of the best senior models in Asia, as well as the oldest. "What I was worried about was 5 I did not have the slightest idea how to model. But my manager taught me a lot and those girls helped me with my make-up. I gradually developed an interest in modelling and got 6 (good) at it,"Alice said in an interview. "I entered 7 industry when I was 93 and this is my third year working as a model," she added. While most people praise her for her 8 (act) lifestyle and the courage to start a whole new career in her nineties, Alice Pang is not without her critics(批评者）. She chooses 9 (ignore)them, though, saying that her personal 10 (happy)is all that counts. 【答案】 1 .【答案】actually 【解析】来自香港的 Alice Pang 一直喜欢穿着得体，看起来很优雅，但事实上她从未考虑过从事模特儿工 作。设空处作 considered 的状语，需用副词形式，故填 actually。 2 .【答案】for 【解析】但是她的孙女一直认为她有这个天赋，所以当她看到网上招聘 65 岁以上高级模特儿的广告时， 她把 Alice 的照片寄了过去，她被选中拍摄照片。have a gift for 是固定短语，表示：有……的天赋，故填介 词 for。 3. 【答案】knowing 【解析】尽管她对模特儿表演一无所知，但她拥有天生就成为时装模特儿的所有特质，结果她成功了。 设空处前没有主语且在连词 though 之后，由此可判断设空处考查非谓语动词作状语。主语 Alice Pang 与 know 为逻辑上的主动关系，故填现在分词形式 knowing。 4 .【答案】is recognized/has been recognized 【解析】如今，她已经成为亚洲公认的最好的高级模特儿之一，也是年龄最大的。根据时间状语 today 可 知设空处需用一般现在时或现在完成时。主语 she 与 recognize 为被动关系，故设空处需用被动语态形式。 综上所述设空处填 is recognized 或 has been recognized。 5 .【答案】that 【解析】让我担心的是我一点都不知道如何当模特儿。考查表语从句。从句意思完整，不缺任何成分， 故填 that。 6.【答案】 better 【解析】我逐渐对模特儿工作产生了兴趣，并做得越来越好。根据上文（我一点都不知道如何当模特儿。 但是我的经理教了我很多，还有那些女孩帮我化妆）可知设空处需填形容词比较级 better。 7 .【答案】the 【解析】我 93 岁进入模特儿行业。本句中的 industry 表特指，特指模特儿这一行业，故填定冠词 the。 8 .【答案】active 【解析】句意：虽然大多数人都称赞她都 90 多岁了还有着积极的生活方式及开创全新事业的勇气，但 Alice Pang 也不乏批评者。设空处作名词 lifestyle 的定语，根据提示词可知设空处填形容词 active,意为：积 极的。 9.【答案】 to ignore 【解析】对他们（指批评者）她都选择不予理踩。考查非谓语动词作宾语。choose to do sth.表示“选择做 某事”。 10.【答案】 happiness 【解析】她说自己开心是最重要的。根据设空处前的形容词 personal 及设空的位置可知设空处作主语，根 据提示词可知填名词 happiness。