北京市清华附中2020届高三第三次模拟英语试题 Word版含解析 25页

G17级高三适应性练习 英语 第一部分:知识运用 第一节 语法填空 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ Books were my true friends back then I was so ___1___ (thank) that the authors wrote those books. The kindness they offered me with their books saved my life. After surviving terrible experiences at school and at home, I ___2___(make) a choice to take the optimistic, positive road in the next steps of my journey. My dream career, one I thought was only possible for the authors I loved is what I am doing now. I have been a full-time author of teen novels since 2007 and am grateful ___3___ this amazing opportunity to reach out to readers every single day.‎ ‎【答案】1. thankful ‎ ‎2. made 3. for ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。“我”以书籍为友，从写书的作家们那里获得正能量，自己也走上了写作的道路。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 考查形容词的用法。句意：书籍是我的朋友，那时，我是如此感激作者们写出了这些书。分析句子可知，填空处和so一起作表语，应用形容词。故填thankful。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 考查动词的时态。句意：在熬过了学校和家庭的糟糕经历后，在接下来人生历程中我选择了一条乐观积极的道路。此句在描述过去发生的事，空缺处是主句的谓语动词，故填made。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 考查介词的用法。句意：我从2007年开始成为了一名全职的青少年小说家，一直以来感恩于有这样一个极好的机会可以每天跟我的读者们交流。分析句子可知，此空缺处应有介词，be grateful for ,“因…而感激”是固定短语，词义符合本题语境，故填for。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【点睛】动词的一般过去时态是一个常考的点。记住动词一般过去式的用法，可用下面的歌诀：动词一般过去时，表示过去发生事。句中谓语用过去式，过去时间做标记。否定句，很简单，主语之后didn’t添。疑问构成也有法，主语前面did加。还有一点不能删，后面动词要还原。如上文第二小题，after从句标记了明显的过去时间，故用make的过去式形式填空，做主句的谓语。‎ B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ Robots have certain advantages compared to humans: They are efficient, tireless, can be repaired when ___4___(damage) and they never get sick. This last trait has made them the star during our fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. While thousands of medical workers have fallen ill ___5___ (deal) with this highly infectious virus and a lot more are forced to stay at home for fear of getting the disease, this isn't a problem for robots. This is ___6___ the CovID-19 outbreak is seen as the ''tipping point'' for robots to start to replace humans in certain jobs.‎ ‎【答案】4. damaged ‎ ‎5. dealing 6. why ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在一些方面，机器人比人类有优势，因为它们高效、不会累、可以修理、也不会生病。新型冠状病毒的爆发尤其可以突显这一点。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词和when一起构成时间状语，逻辑主语they(机器人)和damage之间是被动关系，应用过去分词，故填damaged。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应填非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语workers和动词短语deal with之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，故填dealing。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 考查表语从句。句意：这就是为什么新型冠状病毒的爆发被看作是机器人开始在某些工作领域取代人类的“引爆点”。分析句子可知，设空处引导表语从句，从句成分完整，但缺少“为什么”之意，引导词在从句中作原因状语，应用连接词副词why，故填why。‎ C - 25 -‎ 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ Animal Crossing: New Horizons attracts numerous young gamers globally. It’s a low-pressure life simulation (模拟) game ___7___ gamers are free to fill the days however they like. Gamers can do anything they want, including checking in with friends and interacting with many animal ___8___ (assist). Days ___9___ (spend) on an island catching fish, picking fruit and growing crops. The informal, conflict-free format of the game sets it apart from other popular games, but without a doubt it successfully delivers joy and faith to the public during this time of social distancing, with ___10___ (it) simple and warm features.‎ ‎【答案】7. where ‎ ‎8. assistants ‎ ‎9. are spent ‎ ‎10. its ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文，介绍了一款单机游戏Animal Crossing: New Horizons《动物之森：新地平线》。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：这是一款悠然自在生活的模拟游戏，在游戏中玩家可以自由地随心所欲地度过那些日子。分析句子结构，“____gamers are free to fill the days however they like”是定语从句，先行词是a low-pressure life simulation (模拟) game，关系词在从句中作地点状语，可理解为“在这款游戏中”，应用where引导定语从句。故填where。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 考查可数名词单复数。句意：游戏玩家可以做任何他们想做的事情，包括与朋友联系和与许多动物助手互动。所填词在句中作interacting with的宾语，应该是名词；assist是动词，名词形式为assistant，意思为“助手”；在many后应是可数名词的复数形式，故填assistants。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。句意：（玩家的）时间花在在岛上捕鱼、采摘水果和种植庄稼。根据句意，此处是短语spend time on …“把时间花在……上”；主语days和spend之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应该用被动语态；文章是说明这一款游戏的内容，全文用一般现在时；因此此处用一般现在时的被动语态be done；主语Days是复数意义，谓语动词应该用复数形式；spend是不规则变化动词，过去分词为spent。故填are spent。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：但毫无疑问，这款游戏以其简单而温暖的特点成功地在这个社交距离时代为公众带来了快乐和信任。句子的主语是it，指代上面提到的the game，此处相应地用形容词性物主代词its，意思为“它的”。故填its。‎ 第二节 完形填空 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ I Have Two Names Oyindasola means ''Honey poured into my wealth. '' It's fairly common Nigerian (尼日利亚的) name, mainly used for girls.____11____, I’m known as Oyindasola but my nickname is Chelsea. Some ask why I don’t use my real ____12____ and I tell them what my father told me: a story about him ____13____ Chelsea, South West London a year after I was born. I tell them that this nickname spoke to him so much that it ____14____ on every birthday cake of mine.‎ When I was seven, inside the brick walls of our townhouse in New York, we decided to ____15____ to Nigeria. And my mother needed to know what my family there would call me. The nickname I’d been called for as long as I could ____16____ or the complex name on my passport? A simple question. But it tore me apart.‎ A week later we found ourselves at an airport with groups of Nigerians speaking as we ____17____ for our cab. After a week of getting used to the spicier foods, and sharper scents, I fell into ____18____. Soon, my memories of Disney in America were ____19____ with sounds of Nigerian music. My tongue grew heavier with Nigerian _____20_____, and the words shared between my mother and grandmother in their native tongue finally _____21_____. But, I still wasn't Nigerian enough. Their unfriendly looks and _____22_____ were a constant reminder of who I was: an American girl with the westernized name. So I wasn't _____23_____ sad when my mother announced our back to America for her work.‎ On the first day of middle school in America, _____24_____ coursed through me because I knew my birth name wouldn't _____25_____ the attendance list just as I couldn't fail to draw others' attention. I was _____26_____ when the teacher mispronounced my painfully long name and my classmates laughed.‎ But with every passing year, came new _____27_____. Every new attendance roll (考勤) call ‎ - 25 -‎ was responded with a braver voice and a _____28_____ smile. That long name, mispronounced or not, is mine. The Nigerian accent slipping through is mine. Who I am is simple: a Nigerian girl with _____29_____ to the American dream, a girl with two _____30_____ and two names.‎ ‎11. A. Luckily B. Frankly C. Legally D. Obviously ‎12. A. origin B. name C. identity D. signature ‎13. A. visiting B. describing C. abandoning D. leaving ‎14. A. competed B. happened C. passed D. appeared ‎15. A. drive B. move C. pace D. walk ‎16. A. imagine B. predict C. remember D. survive ‎17. A. headed B. answered C. changed D. turned ‎18. A. conversations B. chaos C. desperation D. routine ‎19. A. connected B. replaced C. faced D. decorated ‎20. A. recreation B. lifestyle C. accent D. diet ‎21. A. made sense B. took shape C. died away D. ran out ‎22. A. gifts B. decisions C. negotiations D. remarks ‎23. A. rarely B. really C. perfectly D. nervously ‎24. A. anxiety B. disappointment C. rudeness D. shock ‎25. A. form B. throw C. ruin D. escape ‎26. A. guilty B. regretful C. embarrassed D. confused ‎27. A. sympathy B. confidence C. generosity D. honesty ‎28. A. kinder B. weaker C. wider D. friendlier ‎29 A. reaction B. objection C. response D. access ‎30. A. languages B. advantages C. degrees D. occupations ‎【答案】11. C 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. B 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个出生在美国的尼日利亚女孩的名字的故事，经过一些事情后。她对自己的尼日利亚名字和西方化的别名都有了更深刻的理解。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在法律上，我的名字叫Oyindasola，但我的别名是Chelsea。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Frankly坦白地；C. Legally在法律上；D. Obviously明显地。根据下文的my nickname is Chelsea可知，这是作者的别名，而Oyindasola是她的合法名字，故选C项。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有人问我为什么不用我的真名，我告诉他们父亲告诉我的故事——一个关于他在我出生一年后去参观伦敦西南部的Chelsea的故事。A. origin起源；B. name名字；C. identity身份；D. signature签名。根据下文的I tell them that this nickname spoke to him so much可知作者的别名对父亲意义重大，由此推测，作者常用别名，而不是真名，故选B项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有人问我为什么不用我的真名，我告诉他们父亲告诉我的故事——一个关于他在我出生一年后去参观伦敦西南部的Chelsea的故事。A. visiting参观；B. describing描述；C. abandoning抛弃；D. leaving离开。根据常识可知，Chelsea是伦敦一个文艺界人士聚居的地方，故此此处用“参观”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他们这个别名对父亲来说意义重大，以至于它会出现在我每一年的生日蛋糕上。A. competed竞争；B. happened发生；C. passed通过；D. appeared出现。结合常识可知，生日蛋糕上会写过生日人的名字，而作者的生日蛋糕上每年出现的名字是Chelsea，故选D项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：7岁时，在我家位于纽约的砖墙房子里，我们决定搬到尼日利亚。A. drive开车；B. move搬家；C. pace踱步；D. walk行走。根据下文的A week later we found ourselves at an airport with groups of Nigerians speaking as we ____7____ for our cab.可知作者和家人搬到了尼日利亚，故选B项。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：是从我记事起就开始叫的别名还是叫我护照上的复杂名字呢？A. imagine想象；B. predict预测；C. remember记得；D. survive幸存。根据前文的I tell them that this nickname spoke to him so much that it ____4____ on every birthday cake of mine.可推测，作者从小叫Chelsea，即从作者记事起，故选C项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一周后，当我们在机场前往出租车时，发现我们和一群尼日利亚人在一起。A. headed朝，向；B. answered回答；C. changed改变；D. turned转动。根据前文的at an airport可推测作者和家人准备乘坐出租车前往住处，故此处用head for“前往”符合语境，故选A项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一周适应辛辣食物和浓烈的气味后，我开始按部就班的生活。A. conversations对话；B. chaos混乱；C. desperation绝望；D. routine日常。根据上文的after a week of getting used to the spicer foods, and sharper scents可知，此处是指作者在经历一段时间的适应后，开始按部就班的生活，fall into routine“按部就班的生活”，故选D项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我对美国迪斯尼乐园的记忆就被尼日利亚的音乐声代替了。A. connected联系；B. replaced代替；C. faced面对；D. decorated装饰。根据下文的My tongue grew heavier with Nigerian可知作者的尼日利亚口音很重，由此推测作者适应了那里的生活，对美国的记忆已经被尼日利亚的文化代替了，故选B项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的尼日利亚口音变得更重了。A. recreation反应；B. lifestyle生活方式；C. accent口音；D. diet饮食。根据上文的tongue可知此处用“口音”符合语境，故选C项。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：最终，妈妈和祖母用母语交流的语言变得有意义了。A. made sense有意义；B. took shape成型；C. died away逐渐减弱；D. ran out用完。根据上文的My tongue grew heavier with Nigerian可推测作者现在能听得懂尼日利亚语，因此妈妈和祖母之间的对话对作者来说也变得有意义了，故选A项。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不友好的表情和评论一直提醒我是谁：一个有着西化名字的美国女孩。A. gifts礼物；B. decisions决定；C. negotiations协商；D. remarks评论。根据下文的an American girl with the westernized name.可知这是不友好的尼日利亚人对作者的评论，故选D项。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此当妈妈宣布因为她的工作我们要回美国时我真的不伤心。A.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎ rarely稀少地；B. really真地；C. perfectly完美地；D. nervously紧张地。根据上文的Their unfriendly looks and ____12____ were a constant reminder of who I was可知，作者在尼日利亚过得并不是很开心，因此要离开这个地方作者真的不伤心，故选B项。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在美国上初中的第一天，我焦虑不安，因为我知道我出生的名字不会从考勤名单上逃掉，就正如我总是会引起他人的注意一样。A. anxiety焦虑；B. disappointment失望；C. rudeness粗鲁；D. shock震惊。根据下文的because I knew my birth name wouldn't ____15____ the attendance list可知，作者因为自己的名字肯定会被叫到而感到焦虑不安，故选A项。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国上初中的第一天，我焦虑不安，因为我知道我出生的名字不会从考勤名单上逃掉，就正如我总是会引起他人的注意一样。A. form形成；B. throw扔；C. ruin摧毁；D. escape逃跑。根据下文的just as I couldn't fail to draw others' attention可知作者总是引起别人的注意，由此推测作者的名字也肯定会出现在考勤名单上，即逃不掉被叫，故选D项。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当老师把我长长的名字拼错时我觉得很尴尬，同学们也哄堂大笑。A. guilty罪恶的；B. regretful后悔的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. confused困惑的。when the teacher mispronounced my painfully long name可知，此处是指作者因为名字被叫错而感到尴尬，故选C项。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但随着一年年的过去，我有了一个新的信心。A. sympathy同情；B. confidence信心；C. generosity慷慨；D. honesty诚实。根据下文的Every new attendance roll (考勤) call was responded with a braver voice可知作者变得越来越有勇气，故此处用“信心”符合语境，故选B项。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一次考勤点名时，我都用更勇敢的声音和更大的微笑来回应。A. kinder更善良的；B. weaker更虚弱的；C. wider更宽的；D. friendlier更友好的。根据下文的That long name, mispronounced or not, is mine. The Nigerian accent slipping through is mine. Who I am is simple - 25 -‎ 可知作者已经不在乎自己的名字是否被念错，并且用更宽的微笑来面对这件事，故选C项。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是谁很简单：一个可以接触美国梦的尼日利亚女孩，一个能说两种语言有两个名字的女孩。A. reaction反应；B. objection反对；C. response回应；D. access进入，使用。根据句意可知，此处考查固定短语with access to“能够接触”，故选D项。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是谁很简单：一个可以接触美国梦的尼日利亚女孩，一个能说两种语言有两个名字的女孩。A. languages语言；B. advantages优势；C. degrees学位；D. occupations职业。根据上文的The Nigerian accent slipping through is mine.和On the first day of middle school in America可知作者会说两种语言，故选A项。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解 第一节 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Get involved with our research Some of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you. Whether it’s using your home PC, taking part in a clinical trial, or simply volunteering your time for a study, you may be able to contribute to some of the ground-breaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research. Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.‎ Seeking poor sleepers for insomnia (失眠) research Trouble sleeping? Researchers from the Sleep & Circadian Neuroscience Institute are evaluating different interventions aimed at improving sleep. We are looking for poor sleepers between the ages of 18 and 65. Participation will involve spending overnights in the sleep laboratory at Oxford, monitoring your sleep/wake cycle, and completing computerised tasks. If you are interested, please contact the research team at insomnia@ndcn.ox.ac.uk Volunteers with lazy eye wanted We are looking for volunteers with a history of lazy eye to take part in our brain scanning study. We are looking for healthy volunteers aged 18-45 with a history of lazy eye. You will also be asked questions about your medical history to check your suitability for an MRI scan. Call 01865 223622 for more information.‎ Oxford Vaccine Group - 25 -‎ The Oxford Vaccine Group is an independent multi-disciplinary (多学科的) clinical trials group. OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in adults and children, enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases. To get more information, please see the OVG website.‎ Oxford Experimental lab for the Social Sciences The Oxford Internet Institute, together with the Business School, is recruiting individuals to participate in computer-based experiments involving online surfing behavior as well as economic and political decision-making. We pay our subjects well, there are no special skills required and you don’t have to come to the lab in person Contact us at socialscience.study @ox.ac.uk for more information.‎ ‎31. What is the main purpose of the passage?‎ A. To offer medical help to patients. B. To look for experienced researchers.‎ C. To introduce new research programs. D. To recruit volunteers for research projects.‎ ‎32. The goal of oVG is to________.‎ A carry out clinical trials B. produce better vaccines C. learn more about infection D. study the causes of diseases ‎33. You can finish the experiment on your home PC if you join________.‎ A. Oxford Vaccine Group B. Insomnia research group C. Oxford Experimental lab D. Brain Scanning study group ‎【答案】31. D 32. B 33. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了牛津大学在招募志愿者，着重介绍了可以志愿参与的四种研究项目。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章第一部分Get involved with our research中提到“Some of our research projects rely on the generosity of people like you. Whether it’s using your home PC, taking part in a clinical trial, or simply volunteering your time for a study, you may be able to contribute to some of the ground-breaking projects which make the University of Oxford a world leader in research. Watch this space for ways in which you could get involved.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎”我们的许多研究项目需要像你这样的志愿人士参与。你可以通过电脑参与，也可以参与临床试验，或者只是花一点时间来参与研究，通过这些途径你都可以为牛津大学突破性的项目做出自己的贡献。以下是你可以参与的项目。由此可推断文章旨在招募志愿者加入研究项目。D项符合文意，故选D项。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 细节理解题。文章Oxford Vaccine Group中提到“OVG works towards the goal of developing new and improved vaccines for the prevention of infection in adults and children, enhancing the understanding of immunity and studying the epidemiology of infectious diseases.”OVG的目的在于研发新的疫苗、改进旧的疫苗。预防成人和儿童传染病。增强人们对免疫的了解以及研究传染病的流行病学。B项意为“生产更好的疫苗”，符合文意。故选B项。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 细节理解题。文章最后一部分Oxford Experimental lab for the Social Sciences中提到“We pay our subjects well, there are no special skills required and you don’t have to come to the lab in person ”，意为“我们的项目报酬丰厚，不需要特殊的技能，参与者不需要亲自来实验室就可以参加”。所以加入Oxford Experimental lab for the Social Sciences，在家里的电脑上就可以完成实验。故选C项。‎ B My daughter was being thrown out of the sixth grade. The teacher said, “She may not be up to what we’re trying to accomplish.” He was really saying she didn’t have the intelligence. I got mad because I knew she was smart, just as my father had known I was smart when I was failing in school. We had her tested. I decided to get myself tested as well, and found that the troubles she was having were exactly what I had had — dyslexia. By then I was a successful television writer, and had won an Emmy Award for “The Rockford Files.”‎ If I had known earlier that something beyond my control could explain why I was a low achiever, I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s. I was writing and writing. I was working for no other reason than to hear people praise me, because I did badly in all my courses.‎ I once asked a friend who had always gotten an A, “How long did you study for this?” He said, “I didn’t. I just glanced at it.” So he must be smarter. I began to ask, “What will happen to me when I’m not good at anything?” Despite my doubts, I did become successful, and people now say to me, “So you’ve overcome dyslexia.”‎ No. You don’t overcome it, you learn to compensate for it. Some easy things are very hard for me. Most people who go through college read twice as fast as I do. I avoid dialing a phone if I can, because - 25 -‎ ‎ I sometimes have to try three times to get the number right.‎ Despite my weaknesses I view dyslexia as a gift, not a curse (诅咒). Many dyslexics are good at right-brain, abstract thought, and that’s what my kind of creative writing is. And I can write quickly, and can get up to 15 pages a day. Writing is my strength.‎ The real fear I have for dyslexic children is not they have to struggle in school, but that they will quit on themselves before they get out of school. Parents have to create victories for them, whether it’s music, sports or art. You can make your dyslexic child able to say, “Yeah, reading is hard. But I have other things I can do.”‎ ‎34. The writer decided to get himself tested as well because he________.‎ A. wanted to know if they had the same problem B. didn’t believe his daughter had the problem C. had to take a regular medical examination D. accepted that his daughter was not smart ‎35. We can learn from the second paragraph that the writer________.‎ A. struggled and got better grades B. didn’t work hard when he was young C. was praised for overcoming dyslexia D. was thankful not knowing of dyslexia earlier ‎36. According to the passage, a dyslexic person________.‎ A. is less intelligent B. always fails in school C. reads more slowly than normal people D. performs worse in left-brain activities ‎37. What can we learn from the story?‎ A. Clumsy birds have to start flying early. B. God shuts one door but opens another.‎ C. Never judge a person by his appearance. D. No one can make a good coat with bad cloth.‎ ‎【答案】34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文。作者从女儿患读写困难症，谈到自己也有读写困难，但是作者通过自己的努力成为了一位成功的电视作家，并获得了艾米奖。作者认为读写困难不是诅咒，而是礼物。上帝给你关上一扇门的同时必然会为你打开一扇窗。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的We had her tested. I decided to get myself tested as well, and found that the troubles she was having were exactly what I had had — dyslexia.可知，作者和女儿一起做了检测，发现女儿的确有和作者曾经有的一样的问题——读写困难。因此推断，作者决定自己也做检查是因为他想要知道是否他和女儿有同样的问题。故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段的If I had known earlier that something beyond my control could explain why I was a low achiever, I may not have worked so hard in my late 20s and early 30s.(如果我早些时候知道一些超出我控制范围的事情可以解释为什么我是一个学渣，我可能在20多岁和30多岁的时候没有这么努力)可知，作者感激没有早知道有读写困难症。故选D。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段的Most people who go through college read twice as fast as I do.(大多数读大学的人读得比我快两倍)可知，一个读写困难的人读得比正常人慢。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段的Despite my weaknesses I view dyslexia as a gift, not a curse (诅咒). Many dyslexics are good at right-brain, abstract thought, and that’s what my kind of creative writing is. And I can write quickly, and can get up to 15 pages a day. Writing is my strength.‎ ‎(尽管我有弱点，但我认为诵读困难是一种礼物，而不是一种诅咒。 许多诵读困难者擅长右脑、抽象思维，这就是我的创造性写作。我能写得很快，每天最多能写15页。写作是我的力量)可推断，上帝给你关上一扇门的同时必然会为你打开一扇窗。故选B。‎ C Although it has been revealed in recent years that plants are capable of seeing, hearing and smelling, they are still usually thought of as silent. But now, for the first time, they have been recorded making ultrasonic (超声的) cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.‎ Itzhak Khait and his colleagues at Tel Aviv University in Israel found that tomato and tobacco plants made cries at frequencies humans cannot hear when stressed by a lack of water or when their stem it cut.‎ Microphones placed 10 centimetres from the plants picked up sounds in the ultrasonic range of 20 to 100 kilohertz, which the team says insects and some mammals would be capable of hearing and - 25 -‎ ‎ responding to from as far as 5 metres away. A moth may decide against laying eggs on a plant that sounds water-stressed, the researchers suggest. Plants could even hear that other plants are short of water and react accordingly, they speculate (推断).‎ On average, drought-stressed tomato plants made 35 sounds an hour, while tobacco plants made 11. When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15. Unstressed plants produced fewer than one sound per hour, on average.‎ It is even possible to distinguish between the sounds to know what the stress is. The researchers trained a machine-learning model to recognize between the plants’ sounds and the wind, rain and other noises of the greenhouse, correctly identifying in most cases whether the stress was caused by dryness or a cut, based on the sound’s intensity and frequency. Water-hungry tobacco appears to make louder sounds than cut tobacco, for example.‎ Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest. They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.‎ ‎“The suggestion that the sounds that drought-stressed plants make could be used in precision agriculture seems feasible (可行的) if it is not too costly to set up the recording in a field situation,” says Anne Visscher at the royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, in the UK.‎ She warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains based on guesses for now, she says.‎ ‎38. The experiment by researchers at Tel Aviv University shows that________.‎ A. tomato plants cry more often than tobacco when hurt B. plant sounds can be heard by plants quite far away C. humans can hear water-hungry plants crying D. moths like laying eggs on stressed plant ‎39. What is Anne Visscher’s attitude towards the finding of the experiment?‎ A. Disappointed B. Cautious. C. Appreciative. D. Optimistic.‎ ‎40. Taking advantage of the new research finding,farmers can________.‎ - 25 -‎ A. harvest crops in time B. reduce greenhouse effects C. diagnose plant condition faster D. detect and remove insects easily ‎41. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Plants get stressed Just Like Us.‎ B. Sounds of Plants Detected Far Away.‎ C. Cries of plants break Farmers’Hearts D. Plants scream in the presence of stress ‎【答案】38. A 39. B 40. C 41. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。研究表明，植物在受到缺水或者被砍断时的压力时，它们会发出尖叫声。这开创了精准农业的一个新领域。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中“When plant stems were cut, tomato plants made an average of 25 sounds in the following hour, and tobacco plants 15.（当植物茎秆被切断后，番茄植株在接下来的一小时内平均发出25种声音，而烟草植株发出15种声音。）”可知，研究人员的实验显示番茄植株受到伤害时比烟草植株更容易发出尖叫声。故选A项。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第八段中提到Anne Visscher所说的话“She warns that the results can’t yet be broadened out to other stresses, such as salt or temperature, because these may not lead to sounds. In addition, there have been no experiments to show whether moths or any other animal can hear and respond to the sounds the plants make, so that idea remains based on guesses for now, she says.（她警告说，这个结果还不能扩展到其他压力，比如盐分或温度，因为这些可能不会产生声音。此外，还没有实验证明飞蛾或其他动物是否能听到植物发出的声音并作出反应，所以目前这个想法仍是基于猜测。）”根据其中的“the results can’t yet be broadened …there have been no experiments to show ….so that idea remains based on guesses …”由此可以推断，Anne Visscher对实验结果持谨慎的态度。故选B项。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第六段中提到“Enabling farmers to listen for water-stressed plants could “open a new direction in the field of precision agriculture”, the researchers suggest.They add that such an ability will be increasingly important as climate change exposes more areas to drought.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎（研究者们认为，让农民能够听到缺水植物的声音可能“在精准农业领域会开辟一个新方向”。他们补充说，随着气候变化使更多地区面临干旱，这种能力将变得越来越重要。）”由此可以推断，这一新的发现让农民能够听到缺水植物的声音，农民就可以快速判断植物当前处于缺水的状况。故选C项。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章第一段提到“they have been recorded making ultrasonic (超声的) cries when stressed, which researchers say could open up a new field of precision agriculture where farmers listen for water-starved crops.（已经记录下当植物有压力时它们发出的哭声的超声波，研究者们认为这开创了精准农业的一个新领域，农民可以听到缺水植物的声音。）”下文是说明这一研究的具体过程。文章是关于植物在受到缺水或者被砍断时的压力时，它们会发出声音。因此文章的标题应该是“植物在压力下会发出尖叫声”。故选D项。‎ D The first patient who died on my watch was an older man with a faulty heart. We tried to slow it down with treatment, but it suddenly stopped beating completely. Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management. However, it turns out that thinking twice may actually cause more harm than good.‎ In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have a bad result, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results.‎ Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, the fallout from second-guessing appears especially large for us. A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed (开药) warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe later patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes (中风). However, if a patient was not on warfarin and had a stroke physicians were still no more likely to prescribe warfarin to their other patients.‎ These findings highlight interesting behavioral patterns in doctors. In the blood-thinner study, doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm (prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting doctors were more affected by the act of doing harm(prescribing a blood thinner that ended up hurting a patient) and less affected by letting harm happen (not prescribing a blood thinner and the patient having a stroke). Yet a stroke is often more permanent and damaging than a bleed.‎ But this phenomenon is not unique to medicine. ''Overreaction to Fearsome Risks'' holds true for - 25 -‎ ‎ broader society.‎ For instance, sensational headlines about shark attacks on humans in Florida in 2001 caused a panic and led the state to prohibit shark-feeding expeditions. Yet shark attacks had actually fallen that year and, according to the study, such a change was probably unnecessary given the extremely small risk of such an attack happening.‎ Humans are likely to be influenced by emotional and often irrational (不理性的) thinking when processing information, bad events and mistakes. As much as we don't want to cause an unfortunate event to happen again, we need to be aware that a worst situation that can be imagined doesn't necessarily mean we did anything wrong. When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may involuntarily overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion.‎ I have treated dozens of patients who presented with the same illnesses as my first patient, who died more than a year ago. Instead of second-guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct (本能) and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too.‎ ‎42. The first two paragraphs suggest that________.‎ A. bad medical outcomes affect doctors B. delivering babies can be difficult work C. some doctors are not very experienced D. doctors sometimes make silly mistakes ‎43. In the blood-thinner study, doctors________.‎ A. tend to prescribe less effective medicine B. are more concerned about the patients' safety C. become less confident in writing a prescription D. believe a stroke is more treatable than a bleeding ‎44. What does the underlined word ''fallout'' in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A. Result B. Benefit C. Difference D. Absence ‎45. The author will probably agree that________.‎ A. we should not doubt our own decisions B. our experience will pave way for our future C. humans are emotional and irrational on the whole - 25 -‎ D. instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directions ‎【答案】42. A 43. C 44. A 45. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议。文章通过作者自己的经历论述了，人类在处理信息、不良事件和错误时易受情绪化和非理性思维的影响，会过度思考，此时我们就不能依赖于基于我们所知或所经历的思考，反而要相信直觉。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段中的Later, whenever I would have a case like that one, I found myself second-guessing my clinical management.(后来，每当我遇到这样的病例时，我都会怀疑自己的临床管理。)和第二段的In a working paper, Emory University researchers found that when doctors delivering a baby have an adverse outcome, they are more likely to switch to a different delivery method with the next patient, often unnecessarily and sometimes with worse results. (在一篇工作论文中，埃默里大学的研究人员发现，当医生接生婴儿时出现不良后果时，他们更有可能对下一个病人改用不同的接生方式，这往往是不必要的，有时甚至会带来更糟糕的结果。)可推断，糟糕的医疗结果会影响医生。A. bad medical outcomes affect doctors(糟糕的医疗结果会影响医生)符合以上说法，故选A项。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段中的A 2006 study found that if a patient had a bleed after being prescribed warfarin, the physician was about 20% less likely to prescribe subsequent patients the blood thinner that prevents strokes. (2006年的一项研究发现，如果患者在服用华法林后出现出血，医生给后续患者开预防中风的血液稀释剂的可能性要低20%)可知，在血液稀释剂研究中，一旦病人服用华法林后出现出血后，医生们在开某些处方时量就减少了。由此推断，医生变得不那么自信。C. become less confident in writing a prescription(在开处方时没那么自信了)符合以上说法，故选 C项。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第三段的Because doctors make so many decisions that have serious consequences, the fallout from second-guessing appears especially large for us.可知，因为医生要做出如此多有严重后果的决定，事后猜测的fallout对我们来说似乎尤其严重。根据句意，尤其consequences推测划线部分的意思是“后果”。A. Result(结果)符合以上推测，故选A项。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的When we overthink, we fail to rely on thinking based on what we know or have experienced. Instead, we may inadvertently overanalyze and come to the wrong conclusion. (当我们过度思考时，我们就不能依赖于基于我们所知或所经历的思考。相反，我们可能会无意中过度分析，得出错误的结论。)和最后一段中的Instead of second guessing myself, I trusted my clinical instinct and stayed the course. Every one of those patients survived. You should trust your instinct in your life, too. (我相信自己的临床直觉，坚持到底，而不是事后猜测。所有的病人都活了下来。你也应该相信你的直觉。)可推断，作者认为直觉不一定会导致错误的方向。D. instincts don't necessarily lead to wrong directions(直觉不一定会导致错误的方向)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ 第二节根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The way individuals collectively remember, forget, and recall event, people, places, etc, has been an important topic of research on collective memory. ____46____ He developed the concept of collective memory, arguing that individual memories are only understood within the context of a group through time and space. In all cases, most research on memory studies relies on long procedures ____47____ They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and surveys. For example, one group of researchers carried out several interviews to investigate younger and older American adults for three wars, namely, the Civil War, World War Ⅱ, and the Iraq War. ____48____ Both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki; however, they differed in how they rated the bombings.‎ More recently, memory study scholars tend to stress the significance of the media in shaping collective memories: “Culture and individuals’ memory are constantly produced through the technologies of memory.” Under this perspective, research often involves content analysis of news and the use of surveys or interviews for analyzing the public memory. ____49____‎ However, developments in digital technologies in recent years have significantly influenced how we keep track of events both as individuals and as a collective. “The Internet doesn’t forget.” The Internet has had strong impacts on memory and the processes of remembering and forgetting. ____50____ Analyzing different Web documents, researchers have shown that more recent past events are remembered more vividly in the present.‎ A. Research on collective memory is often based on various aspects.‎ - 25 -‎ B. There are a few simple things a person can do to help improve their memory.‎ C. Maurice Halbwachs is recognized as the father of collective memory research.‎ D. Although all Americans recalled similar events,the interpretation changed over the generations.‎ E. Also,scholars have studied the role of journalists as collective memory agents by analyzing their stories.‎ F. Recently developed information technologies have affected how we create,store and recall information.‎ G. Meanwhile,it has transformed collective memory into an observable phenomenon that can be tracked and measured online.‎ ‎【答案】46. C 47. A 48. D 49. E 50. G ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章向我们介绍了什么叫共同记忆，媒体是如何塑造共同记忆的以及现代数码技术在共同记忆的保存方面又发挥了什么样的作用。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 下一句出现he，he指代前一句出现的人物，由此可以推断空格处应该会出现研究集体记忆的重要人物。只有C项有人名，且C项意为“人们认为Maurice Halbwachs是集体记忆研究之父”。C项切题。故选C项。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 下一句出现了they，they指代前一句出现的复数名词。A项意为“关于集体记忆的研究经常会基于很多方面展开。”They include theoretical concepts, the study of historical sources, oral histories, case studies, interviews, and surveys.这一句话是对A项中various aspects的展开陈述。且A项中various aspects又呼应了空格上一句的long procedures。A项切题，故选A项。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 空格前一句话说开展采访来研究年青一代和老一代美国人对三次战争的看法。那空格处应该讲到采访的结果是什么。D项正是研究结果，意为“所有的美国人都会回忆起相似的事件，但是每个年代的人对这些事情的解读是不一样的”。空格后一句又是对D项的具体例子说明。Both younger and older adults recalled the bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki具体对应“所有的美国人都会回忆起相似的事件”，however, they differed in how they rated the bombings对应说明了“但是每个年代的人对这些事情的解读是不一样的”。D项切题。故选D项。‎ ‎49题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 本段在讲媒体在塑造集体记忆过程中所发挥的作用。空格处也应该是围绕媒体的作用在说明。E项中提到了journalists，呼应了首句的media。空格前一句在讲“我们经常会研究新闻的内容，以及在分析公众记忆的时候使用调查和采访的方式”。E项意为“同时，学者们通过分析故事来研究记者们作为集体记忆传话人的角色”。E项符合本段主题。故选E项。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 本段在讲数码技术尤其是网络在我们记录事件过程中发挥的作用。前一句说“网络不会忘记。网络对记忆力以及记忆和忘记的过程产生了非常大的影响”。空格处应该承接上句继续讲述网络在我们记忆中扮演的角色。G项意为“同时，它把共同记忆转变为一种可以观察的现象。通过网络，这种共同记忆可以被查询和被人评价”。it指代the Internet，online呼应本段主题。G项符合文意。故选G项。‎ 第三部分:书面表达 ‎51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的英国好友Jim得知北京开展垃圾分类活动，发来邮件询问相关信息，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1、垃圾分类的相关信息（分类标准、社区宣传……）；2、你对垃圾分类的看法。‎ 注意：1. 词数不少于50；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Jim,‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Jim,‎ How is everything going? In your last letter, you asked me about garbage classification in my community, so I’m writing to tell you some details about it. ‎ ‎ The garbage classification activity was launched in our community last month. People are - 25 -‎ ‎ required to sort household garbage into four categories, each of which is supposed to be thrown into certain bins at certain times. Individuals who fail to do so will be fined. Although people were confused with the demanding garbage classification in the beginning, they are much better at sorting garbage now with the help of a special App. To make the garbage classification easier to achieve, more and more restaurants in our community are using environmentally friendly materials to deliver their food. The hotels in the neighbourhood also give priority to offering products made from recyclable materials. Personally, I’m in full support of garbage classification because it contributes to arousing people’s awareness of protecting the environment. Hopefully my information is of help to you. Best wishes! Yours Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，给英国好友Jim介绍北京开展垃圾分类活动的信息以及自己对垃圾分类的看法。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时为主。‎ 要求：‎ ‎1．介绍垃圾分类的相关信息（分类标准、社区宣传……）‎ ‎2．对垃圾分类的看法 ‎ 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）‎ garbage classification; community; launch; be required to do sth; sort; household garbage; categories; be supposed to do sth; fail to do sth; fine; be confused with; be much better at; environmentally friendly materials; deliver; give priority to; recyclable materials; be in full support of; contribute to doing sth; awareness; protecting the environment; be of help 第三步：连词成句 ‎1. In your last letter, you asked me about garbage classification in my community, so I’m writing to tell you some details about it.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎2. The garbage classification activity was launched in our community last month.‎ ‎3. People are required to sort household garbage into four categories, each of which is supposed to be thrown into certain bins at certain times. ‎ ‎4. Individuals who fail to do so will be fined. ‎ ‎5. Although people were confused with the demanding garbage classification at the beginning, they are much better at sorting garbage now with the help of a special App. ‎ ‎6. To make the garbage classification easier to achieve, more and more restaurants in our community are using environmentally friendly materials to deliver their food.‎ ‎7. The hotels in the neighbourhood also give priority to offering products made from recyclable materials.‎ ‎8. I’m in full support of garbage classification because it contributes to arousing people’s awareness of protecting the environment.‎ ‎9. Hopefully my information is of help to you.‎ 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）‎ ‎1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second… And then, Finally, In the end, At last ‎2.表并列补充关系：What is more, Besides, Moreover, Furthermore, In addition, As well as, Not only…but (also)…, Including ‎3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, But, Although + clause(从句), In spite of + n/doing, On the one hand…,on the other hand…, Some…,while others…,As for, So…that…‎ ‎4.表因果关系：Because, As, So, Thus, Therefore, As a result ‎ 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰 第五步：润色修改 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些地道的表达，如fail to do sth，give priority to，be supposed to do sth以及复杂句式如定语从句People are required to sort household garbage into four categories, each of which is supposed to be thrown into certain bins at certain times。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校上周组织了一场“校园运动周”活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。‎ 注意：词数不少于60。提示词：踢毽shuttlecock kicking 跳绳rope skipping 抖音Tik Tok ‎【答案】Last week an activity called “Campus Sports Week” was held in our school. All the students took an active part in it. Not only did we do body building exercises but also we did shuttlecock kicking and rope skipping. What’s more, the process of our sports week was filmed by our classmate. In the end, the video which was about our happiness and effort was uploaded to Tik Tok, a video sharing platform. I hope would get as many likes as possible.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于图画作文。要求考生根据图画信息写一篇周记，记录“校园运动周”的整个过程。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题 - 25 -‎ 体裁：记叙文 时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时 结构：记叙文格式即可 要求：1. 介绍“校园运动周”活动 ‎2. 活动内容（踢毽子、跳绳）‎ ‎3. 可增加个人感受、活动结果等内容 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ Campus Sports Week（校园运动周）；not only… but also（不仅……而且），take part in（参加）；upload（上传）‎ 第三步：连词成句 ‎1.an activity called “Campus Sports Week” was held in our school ‎2.Not only did we do body building exercises but also we did shuttlecock kicking and rope skipping.‎ ‎3.What’s more… ‎ ‎4.In the end… ‎ 根据提示及管件词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。要注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过度，书写一定要规范清晰。‎ 第五步：润色 ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。‎ 文中使用了非谓语作后置定语，如：an activity called “Campus Sports Week” was held in our school，（一个叫作“校园运动周”的活动在我们学校被举行。）‎ 文中使用了高频词组及句型“Not only did we do body building exercises but also we did shuttlecock kicking and rope skipping.”not only…but also意为“不仅……而且”，且文中使用了其倒装形式。‎ 文中使用了定语从句：the video which was about our happiness and effort was uploaded to Tik Tok（一个饱含我们的开心和努力的视频被上传到抖音），该句中使用了which引导的定语从句。‎ 文章思路清晰，图画内容表达完整，层次分明，上下句转换自然，是一篇较为优秀的应试作文。‎ - 25 -‎