高考英语一轮总复习第一部分高考专项突破2新人教版 7页

只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 1 2014《走向高考》高三人教英语一轮总复习 第一部分 高考专项 突破 2 A (2012·辽宁，D) Inside the pleasingly fragrant cafe, So All May Eat (SAME) in downtown Denver, the spirit of generosity (慷慨) is instantly noticeable: A donation box stands in place of a cash register. Customers here pay only what they can afford, no questions asked. A risky business plan, perhaps, but SAME Cafe has done one unchangeable thing in the Mile High City for six years: Open only at midday, the restaurant provides poor local people with healthy, delicious lunches six days a week. Those unable to pay for their meals can instead volunteer as waiters and waitresses, and dishwashers, or look after the buildings and equipment for the cafe. “It's based on trust, and it's working all right，” says coowner Brad Birky, who started the cafe in 2006 with his wife Libby. Previously volunteering at soup kitchens, the Birkys were dissatisfied with the often unhealthy meals they served there. “We wanted to offer quality food in a restaurant where everyone felt comfortable, regardless of their circumstances，” Birky says. SAME's special lunch menu changes daily and most food materials are natural and grown by local farmers. The cafe now averages 65 to 70 customers (and eight volunteers) a day. And the spirit of generosity behind the project appears to be spreading. In early 2007, one volunteer who had cleared snow for his meals during the long winter said goodbye to the Birkys. “He said he was going to New Orleans to help with the hurricane cleanup，”says Birky. 1．What can we learn about the soup kitchens the Birkys previously worked for? A．They refused to have volunteers. B．They offered low quality food. C．They provided customers with a good environment. D．They closed down because of poor management. 答案：B 推理判断题。从第三段最后一句“...the Birkys were dissatisfied with the often unhealthy meals they served there.”可知答案为 B 项。 2．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE? 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 2 A．The customers who cannot pay can work as volunteers instead. B．More volunteers will go to New Orleans for the hurricane cleanup. C．Many new cafes will be opened to offer free lunches in the town. D．The lunch menu has remained the same since the cafe was started. 答案：A 细节理解题。从第二段的“Those unable to pay for their meals can instead volunteer as waiters and waitresses，and dishwashers...”可知答案为 A 项。B、C 两 项未提及；从第四段的“SAME's special lunch menu changes daily...”可知 D 项错误。 3．The author's attitude towards running such a cafe is ________. A．unfavorable B．approving C．doubtful D．cautious 答案：B 态度观点题。从第二段第一句的这可能是冒险的商业计划而 SAME Cafe 却将 这些事情连续做了六年及最后一段第二句他的这种慷慨的精神不断延伸扩大可知，作者对这 种做法持赞同的态度，故选 B 项。 B (2012·课标全国，C) About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a filmstudio(影棚)to take part in a crowdscene. Although our “act” would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things. We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big moviecamera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in “snow”. Two more fans were turned on, and a “strong wind” blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold. The next scene was a complete contrast (对比). The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen. An actor and actress stood in front of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the water's edge on an island. By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio! Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 3 of being film “stars”！ 4. Who is the author? A. A cameraman. B. A film director. C. A crowdscene actor. D. A workman for scene setting. 答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“...take part in a crowdscene.”可知， 作者是一位群众演员。 5. What made the author feel cold? A. The heavy snowfall. B. The manmade scene. C. The low temperature. D. The film being shown. 答案：B 细节理解题。根据第二段最后可知，拍摄电影时，要通过大电扇人为制造出 漫天飞雪、寒风呼啸的场景，非常逼真以至于使人感到寒冷。 6. What would happen in the “three minutes” mentioned in the last paragraph? A. A new scene would be filmed. B. More stars would act in the film. C. The author would leave the studio. D. The next scene would be prepared. 答案：A 推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，接下来的三分钟要拍摄另一个场景，作者 要上场体验当“电影明星”的感受。 C (2012·山东，A) The Pacific island nation of Nauru used to be a beautiful place. Now it is an ecological disaster area. Nauru's heartbreaking story could have one good consequence—other countries might learn from its mistakes. For thousands of years, Polynesian people lived on the remote island of Nauru, far from western civilization. The first European to arrive was John Fearn in 1798. He was the British captain of the Hunter, a whaling ship. He called the island Pleasant Island. However, because it was very remote, Nauru had little communication with Europeans at first. Then whaling ships and other traders began to visit, bringing guns and alcohol. These elements destroyed the social balance of the twelve family 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 4 groups on the island. A tenyear civil war started, which reduced the population from 1, 400 to 900. Nauru's real troubles began in 1899 when a British mining company discovered phosphate (磷酸盐) on the island. In fact, it found that the island of Nauru was nearly all phosphate, which is a very important fertilizer for farming. The company began mining the phosphate. A phosphate mine is not a hole in the ground; it is a strip mine. When a company stripmines, it removes the top layer of soil. Then it takes away the material it wants. Stripmining totally destroys the land. Gradually, the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon. In 1968, Nauru became one of the richest countries in the world. Every year the government received millions and millions of dollars for its phosphate. Unfortunately，the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition, they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem—their phosphate was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was almost financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433, 600, 000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen. 7．What might be the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To seek help for Nauru's problems. B．To give a warning to other countries. C．To show the importance of money. D．To tell a heartbreaking story of a war. 答案：B 主旨大意题。文章第一段提到瑙鲁前后的变化以及该段最后一句“...other countries might learn from its mistakes.”可知作者的写作目的是为了引起其他国家的 重视，以示警告。故选 B 项。 8．What was Nauru like before the Europeans came? A．Rich and powerful. B．Modern and open. C．Peaceful and attractive. D．Greedy and aggressive. 答案：C 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“...used to be a beautiful place.”以 及 第 二 段 第 一 句 “...lived on the remote island of Nauru ， far from western civilization.”可知瑙鲁在欧洲人到来之前是一个安定而美丽的地方。 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 5 9．The ecological disaster in Nauru resulted from ________. A．soil pollution B．phosphate overmining C．farming activity D．whale hunting 答案：B 细节理解题。文章第四段提到一家英国矿业公司发现瑙鲁含有丰富的磷酸盐 后开始开采，第五段又说明了其实这种露天矿的开采破坏了土壤的表层，最终使得“the lovely island of Nauru started to look like the moon”。因此可以看出其生态灾难是 由过度的采矿引起的，故 B 项正确。 10．Which of the following was a cause of Nauru's financial problem? A．Its leaders misused the money. B．It spent too much repairing the island. C．Its phosphate mining cost much money. D．It lost millions of dollars in the civil war. 答案：A 细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句“...the leader invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars.In addition，they used millions more dollars for personal expenses.”可知领导人使用资金不当，致使瑙鲁陷入财政困难。故选 A 项。 11．What can we learn about Nauru from the last paragraph? A．The ecological damage is difficult to repair. B．The leaders will take the experts' words seriously. C．The island was abandoned by the Nauruans. D．The phosphate mines were destroyed. 答案：A 推理判断题。结合文章最后一段倒数第二句专家所说的修复瑙鲁(岛)需要花 的钱和时间，以及最后一句“This will probably never happen.”可以推断一旦造成生态 破坏，是很难修复的。故选 A 项。 D (2012·陕西，A) 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 6 What brings a nation together? Of the four choices—shared values, language, history, and religion, it's shared values. In our latest poll (民意调查), seven out of 16 countries chose values as the greatest factor (因素) bringing a nation together, and six preferred language. Both choices scored high in the poll, suggesting that our values and how we express them are closely linked. Still, history was not forgotten in some countries, particularly in Mexico and Russia. Even Canada and the United States chose national histories as the secondmost important factor uniting their people. The biggest surprise? Not one country picked religion as its top choice. Respect your elders In most countries, the oldest generation considered values more important to a nation than did those who are under 45 years old. Do you speak Canadian? Language scored lower in Canada than in all other countries polled, perhaps because the country speaks two official languages, French and English. Church and state Most people polled do not connect their religious beliefs to their national pride.Religion ranked last in 13 countries—with France scoring it at 1%, the lowest of all. 12. According to the poll, what was the most important factor in bringing a nation together? A. Language. B. Values. 只有比别人更早、更勤奋地努力，才能尝到成功的滋味。 7 C. History. D. Religion. 答案：B 细节理解题。从第一段第二句“...it's shared values.”和第三句可知答 案为 B 项。 13. In which country did language score the lowest in their national pride? A. Canada. B. Mexico. C. France. D. America. 答案：A 细节理解题。根据“Do you speak Canadian”中的“Language scored lower in Canada than all other countries polled...”可知在加拿大语言的得分比所有其他参 与调查的国家的得分要低。故选 A 项。 14. According to the charts, shared values and language were considered equally important in________. A. Australia B. Brazil C. China D. India 答案：D 细节理解题。根据右边的图表可知在印度 shared values 占 32%的比例；shared language 也是占 32%的比例，故选 D 项。