【英语】山东省青岛市黄岛区黄岛二中2020届高三模拟检测题四试题（解析版） 27页

山东省青岛市黄岛区黄岛二中2020届高三模拟检测题四 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）‎ 第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分）‎ 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读一遍。‎ ‎1. How long will the man have to wait for the post office to open?‎ A. 15 minutes.‎ B. 10 minutes.‎ C. 20 minutes.‎ ‎2. What is the man going to do during the summer vacation?‎ A. Go camping.‎ B. Visit his parents.‎ C. Visit his friends in London.‎ ‎3. What is the woman doing?‎ A. Complaining.‎ B. Apologizing.‎ C. Arguing.‎ ‎4. Why did the woman call?‎ A. To ask to borrow some CDs.‎ B. To ask whether Bill can come to the party.‎ C. To pass on some information about the party.‎ ‎5. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?‎ A. Boss and secretary.‎ B. Teacher and student.‎ C. Customer and waitress.‎ 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选 项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What is Linda famous for?‎ A. Painting.‎ B. Traveling.‎ C. Collecting stones.‎ ‎7. What is the man’s opinion of Linda’s stones?‎ A Priceless.‎ B. Impressive.‎ C. Imaginative.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. Where does this dialogue take place?‎ A. In the police station.‎ B. At the woman’s house.‎ C. In the street.‎ ‎9. What did the woman do when the thief ran away?‎ A. She ran after him.‎ B. She shouted loudly.‎ C. She called the police.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. When did the two speakers last meet?‎ A. Eight months ago.‎ B. Two years ago.‎ C. Three years ago.‎ ‎11. What did the woman do when she was in China?‎ A. She was a journalist.‎ B. She was an editor.‎ C. She was a computer programmer.‎ ‎12. Where does the woman come from?‎ A. Canada.‎ B. China.‎ C. Britain.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. Why would the man prefer to rent an apartment near the elementary school?‎ A. He teaches there.‎ B. He once lived there.‎ C. His son studies there.‎ ‎14. Which price would the man prefer?‎ A. ﹩480‎ B. ﹩550‎ C. ﹩600‎ ‎15. Which kind of apartment would the man prefer?‎ A. An empty one.‎ B. One with furniture in it.‎ C. One without a kitchen.‎ ‎16.What can you learn from the conversation?‎ A. The woman lost the keys to the two apartments.‎ B. The man might take a look at the two apartments.‎ C. The man isn’t interested in either of the two apartments.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. Who designed the White House?‎ A. George Washington.‎ B. John Adams.‎ C. James Hoban.‎ ‎18. Who were the first people to live in the White House?‎ A. John Adams and his wife.‎ B. George Washington and his wife.‎ C. The third president of the US and his wife.‎ ‎19. How many rooms does the White House have?‎ A. 123‎ B. 132‎ C. 232‎ ‎20. What’s the speaker describing?‎ A. The history of the White House.‎ B. The structure of the White House.‎ C. Some presidents who have lived in the White House.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Looking for work?‎ Tutors Wanted: Math/Science/Humanities + Test Prep Job Overview:‎ JOB POSTED: 2 days ago WAGE: $27–30 per hour JOB TYPE: Part time SCHEDULE: Afternoons, evenings, weekdays, weekends Job Description:‎ We’re looking for tutors to join us before the next school year starts.‎ Our ideal candidate (候选人) will be able to assist middle and high school students with test preparation and academic work in math, science and/or the humanities (人文学科).‎ We’ll pay for your training before this fall and can also offer flexible summer tutoring opportunities (including the chance to teach group classes).‎ Once our fall semester starts on Aug 21, we’ll have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 12–8 pm as well as from 3–9 pm Monday–Thursday.‎ What we offer:‎ ‎● Flexible scheduling. Tutors work from 15 to 30+ hours per week depending on availability and student demand.‎ ‎● Free Sunday dinners during the academic year.‎ ‎● Fun staff gatherings.‎ ‎● Health insurance reimbursement (医疗保险报销) for staff working over 30 hours per week.‎ ‎● We are five minutes’ walking distance from the Menlo Park Caltrain station.‎ Applicants must:‎ ‎● Be able to show mastery (精通) of the subjects they tutor.‎ ‎● Be willing to tutor students through the full academic year.‎ Application instructions:‎ ‎● Email us your resume.‎ ‎● Tell us why you want to join Academic Trainers and describe your experience of tutoring students (if you have any).‎ ‎● Let us know your scheduling preferences and potential start date.‎ ‎● Tell us which of the subjects you are able to tutor – Mathematics, Sciences, Humanities, or Foreign Language.‎ ‎1. Which period of time needs the most tutors during the academic year?‎ A. Weekday mornings.‎ B. Sunday afternoons and evenings.‎ C. Friday afternoons and evenings.‎ D. Saturday and Sunday mornings.‎ ‎2. A tutor who works more than 30 hours per week can enjoy ______.‎ A. free job training every month B. free lunches and dinners during the academic year C. health insurance reimbursement D. accommodation near Menlo Park Caltrain station ‎3. According to the text, the ideal candidate ______.‎ A. is good at one or more academic subjects B. will work every evening throughout the academic year C. has the opportunity to become a full-time tutor D. must have previous tutoring experience ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为应用文。本文对招聘家教的工作性质、要求、条件及申请方式进行了详细的介绍。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Job descripion中的“Once our fall semester starts on Aug 21, we’ll have even higher demand for tutoring sessions on Sundays from 12–8 pm as well as from 3–9 pm Monday–Thursday” 一旦秋季学期在‎8月21日开始，我们的家教课程将有更高的要求，周日下午从12—8点，以及周一至周四下午从3—9点。可知最需要家教的时间是在周日下午和晚上，故选 B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据What we offer部分中包含的信息“Health ins Health insurance reimbursement (医疗保险报销) for staff working over 30 hours per week.”可知， 每周工作时间超过30小时的员工报销医疗保险。故选 C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据Applicants must部分中的“Be able to show mastery of the subjects they tutor” 能精通所辅导科目。分析选项可知A项（擅长一门或多门学科），故选 A。‎ ‎【点睛】新闻广告类材料是高考的热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力。既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查。题目设置相对较易。答题时没有必要弄清每一句话，只要重点理解和题目有关的信息就可以了。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文。宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容，略读问题和选项，带着问题阅读。这样在阅读中有重点，有针对性地读，冗余无效的信息可略读甚至是不读。如第2小题，根据题目“A tutor who works more than 30 hours per week can enjoy ______.”定位于What we offer部分中包含的信息“Health ins Health insurance reimbursement (医疗保险报销) for staff working over 30 hours per week.”可知，每周工作时间超过30小时的员工报销医疗保险。故选 C。‎ B You should see the photo. I’m sitting in red dirt, wearing an ugly purple T-shirt. My face is pink and my hair is wet with sweat. Flies buzz around my head. I’m in the Outback of Australia’s Northwest Territory, on a school trip with 20 parents and 20 kids.‎ It was an odd choice for a holiday. I like sitting by the pool with a cola, not flies and frogs. I ‎ like being alone and quiet, not a busload of kids. I like freshly washed sheets, not dirty-looking blankets.‎ But here’s the thing about that photo: I am smiling!‎ The trip sounded good when I signed up. Guides would take us into the heart of the place, and I would see a new part of Australia, learn about local culture and bond with my youngest daughter. I would also bond with 40 strangers. I just hoped there would be good coffee.‎ In Darwin we were herded onto a bus. It quickly became tiresome. The kids were loud and I hate making small talk. But later, when I looked out at the vast, empty land, I was surprised at and moved by its beauty. Our guide told us about the land and his culture. I felt far from home.‎ At a national park, we enjoyed a natural swimming hole. Kids and parents had a great time.‎ Then we got to the outback. The cabin I shared with my daughter was a brick cell, full of geckos (壁虎) and crickets (蟋蟀), but too dark to see them.‎ It didn’t matter. The next nine days were packed: waterfalls, lakes, community visits and a trip around Katharine Gorge. We even saw giant crocodiles and baby wallabies.‎ On our last night, a water pipe broke. We awoke to a mess. Usually, I would have complained and asked for a refund, but it just seemed normal to be dirty.‎ Indeed, it was impossible to stay clean. We were hiking in red dirt, with temperatures of 35 degrees. Still, I felt a kind of energy I hadn’t experienced in years.‎ Yes, the coffee was bad, but I was too focused on keeping crickets off my face.‎ I love that photo of me in the dirt. I look messy, but also happy. Sometimes, it’s another way of traveling. There is beautiful scenery, there is dirt. There was always someone to talk to, someone to laugh with.‎ ‎4. What were the author’s previous trips like, according to the article?‎ A. Cheap.‎ B. Adventurous.‎ C. Peaceful and comfortable.‎ D. Packed with outdoor activities.‎ ‎5. What do we know about the author’s trip with her daughter?‎ A. Their journey was relaxing without too much sightseeing.‎ B. Their living conditions were fairly poor during the trip.‎ C. The scenery on the trip disappointed them.‎ D. The parents seemed to enjoy themselves more than the children.‎ ‎6. How did the author feel during the later part of the trip?‎ A. Impatient. B. Positive.‎ C. Disappointed. D. Exhausted.‎ ‎7. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this article?‎ A. To warn readers to choose their trips wisely.‎ B. To share the benefits of traveling with children.‎ C. To tell about her latest trip and explain what she learned from it.‎ D. To show the advantages of going to different places.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. B 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者最近的一次旅行，这次不像她之前的旅行那么安静、轻松，她学会了享受旅行过程中的快乐并解释她从中学到了什么。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“I like sitting by the pool with a cola, not flies and frogs. I like being alone and quiet, not a busload of kids. I like freshly washed sheets, not dirty-looking blankets.”可知，“我”喜欢坐在泳池边喝可乐，不喜欢苍蝇和青蛙。“我”喜欢一个人安静，不喜欢一车的孩子。我喜欢刚洗过的床单，而不是脏兮兮的毯子。由此可推知，作者之前的旅行较为安静、轻松的。故选C项。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第七段第二句“The cabin I shared with my daughter was a brick cell, full of geckos (壁虎) and crickets (蟋蟀), but too dark to see them.”以及下文可知，“我”和女儿共用的小屋是一个砖砌的牢房，里面满是壁虎和蟋蟀，但是太黑了看不见它们。由此可推知，旅行期间作者和女儿的生活条件相当差。故选B项。‎ ‎6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第四段第二句“Usually, I would have complained and asked for a refund, but it just seemed normal to be dirty.”和倒数第三段最后一句“Still, I felt a kind of energy I hadn’t experienced in years.”可知，作者在旅行的后期感到乐观。故选B项。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其最后一段内容可知，作者在本文讲述了她最近的一次旅行，这次不像她之前的旅行那么安静、轻松，学会了享受旅行过程中的快乐并解释她从中学到了什么。故选C项。‎ C Each country has its own secret to happiness. If “pyt”, which means “don’t worry about it and stuff happens”, explains the relaxed attitude of Danish people, “niksen” will reveal how Dutch people combat (对抗) stress and burnout (倦怠) in a fast-paced lifestyle.‎ The term “niksen” origins from the Dutch word “niks”, which refers to “nothing”. Mindfulness, another welcome subject to help people have a peaceful mind. But unlike mindfulness, niksen is not about concentrating on the present moment. It’s about letting yourself do nothing, and allowing your mind to run free without expectation.‎ In practice, this means “hanging around, looking at your surroundings, or listening to music as long as it’s without purpose,” according to Time Magazine.‎ Niksen sounds contrary (矛盾的) to the advice we were all given as kids. Nowadays, we’re constantly told to stay busy and work harder than everyone else. But niksen opposes that mentality (心态). It offers the chance to “deliciously do nothing”, as Carolien Hamming, a coach at CSR Centrum, an organization devoted to fighting stress and burnout in the Netherlands, told Time.‎ She thinks that niksen is essential (重要的) to staying healthy, since it’s a form of mental relaxation and healing (治愈). Just as a wild animal lies in wait for their prey (猎物), niksen seems to be a natural state of being.‎ For some people, niksen can mean more than just stress reduction. It’s also a way to imagine new ideas or plans. As an early adopter of niksen, Jenny Holden, a communications expert in the UK, adds it to her daily lunch breaks. “Within 10 minutes of doing nothing – just staring and listening to myself – my head began to clear and sort out my work and home to-do lists,” she told the MetroUK.‎ Above all, niksen is a suggestion for balancing work and rest. As Dutch-born writer Ogla Mecking wrote in US-based Whoolly Magazine, niksen is the “thorough enjoyment of life’s pauses”.‎ Everyone is encouraged to embrace your niksen moments. They revitalize (使恢复元气) you and give you the strength needed to face everyday challenges.‎ ‎8. What does niksen means?‎ A. Living in the moment.‎ B. Being free and doing nothing.‎ C. Using your wildest imagination.‎ D. Leading a healthy lifestyle.‎ ‎9. Holden’s example is to show _____.‎ A. niksen can shorten the distance between people B. how niksen improves one’s mental health C. niksen is closely related to stress reduction D. niksen helps people come up with new thoughts ‎10. The underlined word “thorough” is closest in meaning to _____.‎ A. long B. full C. unexpected D. quiet ‎11. What is the text mainly about?‎ A. An introduction to the Dutch lifestyle.‎ B. Suggestions on how to balance work and rest.‎ C. The importance of allowing time to pause life.‎ D. An explanation of some Danish words about life attitudes.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. B 11. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。主要介绍了荷兰人在快节奏的生活中对抗压力和倦怠的一种生活方式----“niksen”，即自由自在地享受生活，什么也不做。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“it's about letting yourself do nothing, and allowing your mind to run free without expectation” “niksen”是让你自己什么都不做，让你的大脑没有任何期待地自由运转；和第三段this means “hanging around, looking at your surroundings, or listening to music as long as it’s without purpose,” 这意味着“闲逛，四处看看，或者听斩音乐，只要没有目的就行”。由此可知，“niksen”指的是自由而无所事事。分析选项可知，B（Being free and doing nothing）符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第六段For some people, niksen can mean more than just stress reduction. It’s also a way to imagine new ideas or plans. Jenny Holden, a communications expert in the UK, adds it to her daily lunch breaks. “Within 10 minutes of doing nothing – just staring and listening to myself – my head began to clear and sort out my work and home to-do lists,...”对一些人来说，niksen不仅仅意味着减压。它也是一种想象出新的想法或计划的方式。英国的交流专家Jenny Holden是niksen的早期使用者，她把它加入到自己每天的午餐休息时间。“在无所事事的10分钟内——只是盯着自己，听自己说话——我的头脑开始变得清晰，开始整理我的工作和家庭待办事项。”。由此可推断出，Holden 的例子是为了证明 niksen 有助于人们产生新的想法，故 D 正确。A 选项文章未提及；B 和 C 不是 Holden 的例子想表达的观点。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 猜测词义题。文章多处出现“niksen”的定义，如第二段“it’s about letting yourself do nothing, and allowing your mind to run free without expectation” 可知，“niksen”让你自己什么都不做，让你的大脑不受期待地自由运转。和第三段this means “hanging around, looking at your surroundings, or listening to music as long as it’s without purpose,” 这意味着“闲逛，看看周围的环境，或者听音乐，只要没有目的就行”。由此可知，“niksen”指的是自由而无所事事。结合全文可知，niksen 就是指让人们的精神达到一种自由放松的状态，完全放空自己， 什么也不做。所以第六段划线词所在的句子niksen is the “thorough enjoyment of life’s pauses”可知，“niksen”就是完全彻底地享受暂时不工作的生活。故“thorough”即为“完全的，彻底的”。分析选项A. long 长久的；B. full完全的；C. unexpected 意料之外的；D. quiet安静的。可知B项符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段的 “niksen” will reveal how Dutch people combat (对抗) stress and burnout (倦怠) in a fast-paced lifestyle.和下文内容可推断，文章主要介绍了 niksen 这一荷兰式的生活方式的特点，及其带给人们的益处。分析选项可知A项（荷兰生活方式介绍）符合题意，故选 A。‎ D Friendship is an important part of human life. Friends can share our joys and our hardships. We aren’t alone. Many different animals also make friends.‎ Recently, a British research team finished an eight-year study of Indo-Pacific dolphins off the coast of Western Australia. These dolphins can use different tools to search for food. The researchers found that these dolphins are more willing to hang out with partners that like the same tool. Other factors, like family closeness or sex, have no impact on this relationship.‎ ‎“It suggests that dolphins form social bonds (纽带) based on shared interests,” UK biologist Simon Allen told Science Daily. “Using different tools is time-consuming (耗时间的)” for dolphins to cooperate.‎ Apart from dolphins, elephants, horses and bats are also known to form friendships. Are friendships only limited to the same species?‎ Of course not, The Atlantic reported. In 2015, a goat Timur was originally left in the tiger Amur’s enclosure (围场) as a meal. But instead of eating Timur, Amur likes to play with it and gets jealous when others are close to his friend.‎ The Atlantic said it’s not unusual among captive (圈禁的) animals. That’s because in captivity, animals don’t need to spend much time and energy marking their territory (领地) or looking for mates the way they would in the wild. They are actually more likely to feel bored. “In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage (参与) socially and playfully may be higher than eating.”‎ More interestingly, animals not only make friends but also try to keep lasting friendships.‎ Take bats for example. In 2011, scientists found bats prefer to hang out with a few certain friends, keeping loose ties to the rest of their group.‎ Humans aren’t so different. “We do not work, play and live together with the same friends all the time,” Swiss zoologist Gerald Kerth explained. “But nevertheless, we are able to maintain long-term relationships … despite our often highly dynamic (动态的) social lives.”‎ ‎12. What did the recent British research find about dolphins?‎ A. They form friendships based on family closeness.‎ B. They are likely to make friends based on interests.‎ C. They are better at building friendships than other animals.‎ D. They form a group to hunt food together.‎ ‎13. What’s the main purpose of Paragraph 6?‎ A. To show how different species get along with each other.‎ B. To prove captive animals are friendlier than others.‎ C. To explain why captive animals can form friendships.‎ D. To compare the difference between a tiger and a goat’s friendship.‎ ‎14. What can we infer from Gerald Kerth’s words?‎ A. Animals like to hang out with different friends.‎ B. Animals might feel bored with friends of the same species.‎ C. Humans are better at keeping long-term bonds than animals.‎ D. Humans and animals make and maintain friendships in similar ways.‎ ‎15. What’s the text mainly about?‎ A. How to build strong ties with your friends.‎ B. How animals form and keep friendship.‎ C. The importance of friendship for animals.‎ D. The different ways humans and animals socialize.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了动物如何交朋友。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The researchers found that these dolphins are more willing to hang out with partners that like the same tool” 研究人员发现，这些海豚更愿意和喜欢相同工具的伙伴一起玩。以及第三段“It suggests that dolphins form social bonds (纽带) based on shared interests,”这表明海豚在共同兴趣的基础上形成了社会关系。由此可推断出海豚交朋友很可能是以兴趣为基础的。故选 B 。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章的第五段讲的是一项有趣的发现，老虎和山羊在围场的时候，老虎没有吃掉山羊，反而一起玩耍了起来，形成了友谊。第六段中的The Atlantic said it’s not unusual among captive (圈禁的) animals. That’s because in captivity, animals don’t need to spend much time and energy marking their territory (领地) or looking for mates the way they would in the wild. They are actually more likely to feel bored. “In this particular situation, the animal’s motivation to engage (参与) socially and playfully may be higher than eating.” ‎ ‎《大西洋月刊》说这在圈养动物中并不罕见。因为被囚禁的动物不需要花太多的时间和精力争夺领地或不会像在野外那样花太多的时间寻找伴侣。他们实际上更容易感到无聊。“在这种特殊情况下,动物的动机是参与到社交中，也许更愿意玩而不是吃。”由此可知，第6段是对第五段的圈养动物中的友谊这种现象背后原因的解释，尤其是“That’s because....”。由此可推断出第六段是解释为什么圈养动物可以建立友谊。故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据前文内容以及最后一段Humans aren’t so different.“We do not work, play and live together with the same friends all the time,” Swiss zoologist Gerald Kerth explained. “But nevertheless, we are able to maintain long-term relationships … despite our often highly dynamic (动态的) social lives.” 人类与动物也没有那么多不同。瑞士动物学家杰拉尔德·克思解释说：“我们不总是和同一个朋友一起工作、玩耍和生活。” Gerald Kerth 说，“尽管如此，我们还是能够保持长期的关系……尽管我们的社会生活经常充满活力。”可知，从Gerald Kerth的话中可推断出，动物与人一样都喜欢交朋友，且都愿意维持长期的友谊。故选D 。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句“Many different animals also make friends.”许多不同的动物也交朋友。接着下文主要介绍了动物如何交朋友，以及动物交朋友背后的原因。通读本文可知，文章主要介绍了动物如何交朋友，故B项正确。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】每一篇文章都会有它的主旨大意。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章的要点，概括全文的中心思想。找出主题句，抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心。要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。如第4小题属于主旨大意题。文章第一段最后一句“Many different animals also make friends.”许多不同的动物也交朋友。接着下文主要介绍了动物如何交朋友，以及动物交朋友背后的原因。通读本文可知，文章主要介绍了动物如何交朋友，故B项正确。故选B。‎ 第二节 （共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Before you read this story, let’s take a look at a sentence: “研表究明，汉字序顺并不定一影阅响读。” ____16____ You might not realize it, but your brain can read and understand most sentences, even when the words are in the wrong order.‎ This may have something to do with psychology. When we’re first learning how to read, we read word by word. ____17____ People can read five to six words at one time. Also, as experienced readers, we take the things we’re familiar with for granted. We don’t pay as much attention to small details, such as word order.‎ Therefore, when we read the sentence at the beginning of this article, the content was familiar to us. So we read it the way we think it should be in our memory, with all the words in the right order. ____18____ We assume the person is a girl without taking a closer look.‎ ‎____19____ Read the following sentence: “This is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the word as a wlohe.”‎ It is believed that humans remember the meanings of words mostly by their shape and layout (布局), rather than the order of the letters.‎ ‎____20____ We cannot read them as quickly and efficiently as we read normal text.‎ A. This can be also seen in many other languages, such as English.‎ B. Did you notice that some of the characters in this sentence are in the wrong order?‎ C. In some cases, word order changes the meaning of the sentence completely.‎ D. But after we become more experienced, we read in full phrases and even sentences.‎ E. However, these sentences can cause problems.‎ F. This is like when we see a person with long hair.‎ G. It is more difficult for younger readers to understand these sentences.‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 文章是一篇说明文。主要叙述了即使在文字顺序错误的情况下，我们也能阅读和理解句子及文章的框架。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据空格前...a sentence: “研表究明，汉字序顺并不定一影阅响读。” 可知，这句句中的汉语的顺序是错误的。以及空格后“You might not realize it,”也许你没有意识到。由此可推断出空格处是问这个句子的顺序不对，你有没有注意到？分析选项可知B项Did you notice that some of the characters in this sentence are in the wrong order? （你注意到这句话中有些字的顺序不对吗？）符合题意，故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据空格前“When we’re first learning how to read, we read word by word.” 当我们第一次学习阅读时，我们是逐字逐句地阅读。以及空格后“Also, as experienced readers, we take the things we’re familiar with for granted. We don’t pay as much attention to small details, such as word order.” 人们一次可以读5到6个单词。而且，作为有经验的读者，我们把我们熟悉的东西视为理所当然。我们不太注意小细节，比如词序。可知开始没有经验，逐字逐句地读，以后有了经验就能读更多的单词，甚至句子。由此可知D项But after we become more experienced, we read in full phrases and even sentences. （但当我们变得更有经验之后，我们会读完整的短语甚至句子）符合题意，故选D。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据空格前“So we read it the way we think it should be in our memory, with all the words in the right order.” 我们按照自己认为的存在记忆中应该的方式阅读，把所有的单词按正确的顺序排列。由此可推断出我们是按记忆中我们认为的方式去理解的。结合空格后的“We assume the person is a girl without taking a closer look.” 我们没有仔细看，就假设这个人是女孩。按照我们记忆中的想法可能根据长头发的应该是女孩。分析选项可知F项 This is like when we see a person with long hair（就像我们看到一个长头发的人），故选F。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据空格后“This is bcuseae the huamn mnid deos not raed ervey lteter by istlef, but the word as a wlohe.”可知这也是一句不按单词顺序写的一句英语。但我们也基本能懂。由此可知，单词或字母顺序并不一定影响阅读的情况在其他的语言中也能看到，如英语。分析选项可知A项This can be also seen in many other languages, such as English（这在许多其他语言中也可以看到，例如英语）符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据空格的“We cannot read them as quickly and efficiently as we read normal text.” 我们无法像阅读普通文本那样快速有效地阅读它们。可知，这些句子还是会造成问题的。分析选项可知E项However, these sentences can cause problems（然而，这些句子会引起问题）符合题意，故选E。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C 和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Ring! Ring! Ring! It was early in the morning and I knew who was ___21___ as I reached for the telephone. I was a new substitute teacher (代课教师) trying to earn enough money to ___22___ my family. Each morning, I ___23___ for a call that would take me to a different classroom. The last three classes had all been determined to ___24___ me and see just how much bad behavior they could get away with (逃脱惩罚). I had responded (应对) by being ___25___ with the students. I didn't really ___26___ to go to work that morning, especially since it was my birthday.‎ Still, I answered the phone and ___27___ the job. My family needed the money and I couldn't ___28___ to be picky (挑剔的). As I was driving to work, I ___29___ to try harder to be the best teacher that I could be.‎ As the class started, the students ____30____ tried to see what they could get away with. This time, though, I was ____31____ but fair with them. I did my best to make my lessons ____32____. I shared smiles, praised their efforts, and encouraged them to work hard.‎ The results were ____33____. My unruly (难以驾驭的) classroom soon ____34____. Students were learning and laughing, and I ____35____ felt like I was doing my job right. I went home feeling ____36____ in my heart and enjoyed the rest of my birthday with my family.‎ I remembered something that I once read: “Every day is a new opportunity to ____37____ again. Every day is your birthday.” Every day is a ____38____ for us to get things right, to live our lives with love and joy, and to make this world a better place. Don't ____39____ a single day. Just try to be the best you can be. Never stop ____40____.‎ ‎21. A. bothering B. calling C. knocking D. playing ‎22. A. pay B. impress C. support D. provide ‎23. A. waited B. asked C. looked D. headed ‎24. A. please B. test C. persuade D. surprise ‎25. A. patient B. honest C. satisfied D. angry ‎26. A. want B. need C. choose D. hesitate ‎27. A. refused B. received C. took D. completed ‎28. A. manage B. pretend C. expect D. afford ‎29. A. agreed B. decided C. appeared D. started ‎30. A. in time B. at last C. at once D. once ‎ again ‎31. A. strict B. worried C. mad D. disappointed ‎32. A. clear B. useful C. fun D. difficult ‎33. A. strange B. funny C. important D. amazing ‎34. A. changed B. divided C. returned D. disappeared ‎35. A. again B. even C. finally D. nearly ‎36. A. confused B. happy C. tired D. upset ‎37. A. check B. settle C. discover D. begin ‎38. A. chance B. choice C. risk D. goal ‎39 A‎. spend B. forget C. waste D. save ‎40. A. learning B. trying C. asking D. thinking ‎【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. B 37. D 38. A 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者是一名代课老师，每天早上都有一个电话提醒作者去哪个教室上课。为了养家糊口，虽然作者对学生们的不良行为感到生气，但依然坚持上课并尽可能做好，学生们也渐渐改观。这让作者意识到每一天都是让我们做得更好的机会，所以不要浪费任何一天，尽我们所能做到最好。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我知道是谁打给我的。A. bothering打扰；B. calling打电话；C. knocking敲门；D. playing玩耍。根据空前的“Ring! Ring! Ring!”可知，我的电话响了，自然是有人给我打电话，故B项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是个新来的代课老师，想挣足够的钱养家糊口。A. pay支付；B. impress留下深刻印象；C. support支持；D. provide提供。根据空后的“my family”可知，我想挣钱养家，故C项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天早上，我都会等一个电话，这个电话会告诉我去另一个教室。‎ A. waited等待；B. asked要求；C. looked看；D. headed前往。根据上文“我知道是谁打来的电话”可知，每天早晨我都会等一个告诉我去哪个教室上课的电话，故A项正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最后三个班级都是在考验我，看看他们有多少不良行为可以逃脱惩罚。A. please使高兴；B. test考验；C. persuade说服；D. surprise使吃惊。空后说看看他们有多少不良行为可以逃脱惩罚，因此这三个班级是考验我的忍耐力，故B项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的反应是生学生的气。A. patient耐心的；B. honest诚实的；C. satisfied满意的；D. angry生气的。我是一名新来的代课老师，因此肯定会对这些学生的不良行为感到生气，故D项正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那天早上我真的不想去上班，特别是那天是我的生日。A. want想；B. need需要；C. choose选择；D. hesitate犹豫。上文说我对学生们的行为很生气，而且那天还是我生日，所以我真的不想去上班，故A项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管如此，我还是接了电话，去上班了。A. refused拒绝；B. received收到；C. took接受；D. completed完成。尽管那天早晨我真的不想去上班，但我还是接了电话去上班了，故C项正确。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：家里需要我干这份工作挣钱，由不得我挑三拣四。A. manage设法做成；B. pretend假装；C. expect期望；D. afford能够、负担得起。根据空前的“My family needed the money”可知，家里需要我干这份工作挣钱，由不得我挑三拣四，故D项正确。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我决定更加努力，尽我所能成为最好的老师。A. agreed同意；B. decided决定；C. appeared出现；D. started开始。根据空后的“to try harder to be the best teacher that I could be.”可知，我决定更加努力，尽我所能成为最好的老师，故B项正确。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查短语词义辨析。句意：开始上课的时候，学生们又想看看他们能侥幸逃脱什么惩罚。‎ A. in time及时；B. at last最后；C. at once立即；D. once again再次。上文说最后三个班级的学生非常顽皮，总是想看看他们能侥幸逃脱什么惩罚，今天又是如此，故D项正确。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这一次，我对他们很严格，但也很公平。A. strict严厉的；B. worried担心的；C. mad疯狂的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文我被学生惹生气的情节可知，我对他们非常严厉，故A项正确。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我尽我最大的努力使我的课有趣。我分享微笑，表扬他们的努力，并鼓励他们努力学习。A. clear清楚的；B. useful有用的；C. fun有趣的；D. difficult困难的。上文说决定更加努力，尽我所能成为最好的老师，所以我尽我最大的努力让我的课生动有趣，故C项正确。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果是不可思议的。A. strange奇怪的；B. funny有趣的；C. important重要的；D. amazing令人惊异的。空后说我那不守规矩的教室很快就变了，因此结果是令人惊异的，故D项正确。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我那不守规矩的课堂很快就变了。A. changed改变；B. divided分开；C. returned返回；D. disappeared消失。空后说课堂上既有学习也有欢笑，这说明那不守规矩的课堂有所改变了，故A项正确。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终我觉得我做得对了。A. again又；B. even甚至；C. finally最后、终于；D. nearly几乎。此处是说课堂上的改变最终给我的感受——我觉得自己做对了，故C项正确。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我心情愉快地回家了。A. confused困惑的；B. happy快乐的；C. tired劳累的；D. upset难过的。课堂上的改观让我心情大好，故B项正确。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每一天都是重新开始的机会。A. check检查；B. settle解决；C. discover发现；D. begin开始。根据空后的“Every day is your birthday”可知，每天都是重新开始的机会，故D项正确。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每一天都是一个机会，让我们把事情做好，带着爱和欢乐生活，让这个世界变得更美好。A. chance机会；B. choice选择；C. risk风险；D. goal目标。根据空后的“for us to get things right, to live our lives with love and joy, and to make this world a better place.”可知，每一天都是一个机会，让我们把事情做好，带着爱和欢乐生活，让这个世界变得更美好，故A项正确。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不要浪费任何一天，尽你所能做到最好。A. spend花费；B. forget忘记；C. waste浪费；D. save节约。上文说每一天都是一个机会，让我们把事情做好，带着爱和欢乐生活，让这个世界变得更美好，所以不要浪费任何一天，故C项正确。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一直坚持不懈。A. learning学习；B. trying尝试、努力；C. asking问；D. thinking思考。上文说不要浪费任何一天，尽你所能做到最好，此处是说要一直坚持努力，故B项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本篇第4空D项surprise的干扰性较强，很多同学会误认为此处说的是这三个班的表现让我感到很吃惊，但根据空后的“see just how much bad behavior they could get away with”可知，最后这三个班的学生看看他们有多少不良行为可以逃脱惩罚，此处是一种诙谐的说法，说的是这三个班级是考验我的忍耐力，旨在突出学生表现很差，与下文课堂上的改观形成鲜明的对比。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ At 8,844.43 meters high, Mount Qomolangma is ____41____ (tall) mountain on Earth. While ____42____ is famous for its challenging hike, parts of the mountain are facing a problem: garbage. Every year, thousands of ____43____ (visit) throw away tons of trash, including soda cans (罐) and plastic bags.‎ According to the UN, over 140 tons of trash have been left on the mountain. To reduce trash, China is limiting the number of people ____44____ can climb the mountain’s north side. Only 300 people will ___45___ (allow) to climb it each year, and only during spring.‎ Local residents cleaned the mountain last year, ____46____ (remove) trash at a height of 5,200 meters. They ____47____ (collect) about 8.4 metric tons of trash, according to figures from the ‎ Tibet autonomous region’s government (西藏自治区人民政府).‎ This year, the local government plans to spend 4 million yuan ___48___a new clean-up campaign, setting up stations to sort, recycle and break down garbage collected from the mountain.‎ In addition to trash, workers will also collect the bodies of ____49____ (die) climbers. As of the 2019 climbing season, more than 300 people have died on Qomolangma, with 12 deaths this year.‎ A group of artists will try to turn some trash into artwork. They will show these works ____50____ (local), to remind people not to leave trash when climbing the mountain.‎ ‎【答案】41. the tallest 42. it 43. visitors 44. who 45. be allowed ‎ ‎46. removing 47. collected 48. on 49. dead 50. locally ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。介绍了珠穆朗玛峰部分山区正面临着垃圾问题，每年成千上万的游客扔掉大量的垃圾。为了减少垃圾，中国限制爬山的人数和时间，政府斥资修建垃圾分类站，一群艺术家也将试图把垃圾变成艺术品，以提醒人们不要在爬山时留下垃圾。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查形容词最高级。句意：珠穆朗玛峰高‎8844.43米，是地球上最高的山。根据常识可知，珠穆朗玛峰是地球上最高的山。因此空格处要用最高级。故填the tallest。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：虽然它以其富有挑战性的徒步旅行而闻名，但部分山区却面临着一个问题：垃圾问题。根据上下文的语境可知，此处是指前面提到的珠穆朗玛峰，因为前面已提到的，且是单数，故填it 。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查名词复数。句意：每年成千上万的游客扔掉吨垃圾，包括汽水罐和塑料袋。根据空格前的“thousands of ”，成千上万的游客，可知要用名词的复数，故填visitors 。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：为了减少垃圾，中国正在限制攀登珠峰北侧的人数。分析句子可知，本句是定语从句，其中的people 是先行词，在定语从句中做主语。在定语从句中做主语指人，可用who，故填who。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：每年只允许300‎ 人攀登，而且只在春季。分析句子可知，空格处是谓语动词。其主语是3oo people，与动词allow二者是被动关系，故要用一般将来时的被动语态，故填be allowed。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词作状语。句意：当地居民去年清理了这座山，清除了‎5200米高的垃圾。分析句子可知，前面的“Local residents cleaned the mountain last year（当地居民去年清理了这座山）”的结果就是清除（removing）了‎5200米高的垃圾。前面的一句话自然而然地导致后面的结果，空格处要用现在分词 形式作结果状语，故填removing。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查谓语动词的时态。句意：他们收集了约8.4吨的垃圾。根据语境可知，此句的时间状语是“last year(去年)”，所以谓语动词要用一般过去时，故填collected。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：今年，当地政府计划投入400万元开展新的清理工作。“spend time/money on sth.”为固定搭配，意为“把......花在......上”。故本空填on。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：除了垃圾，工作人员还将收集登山者的尸体。分析句子可知，空格处在句中修饰名词“climbers”，修饰名词一般用形容词，故填形容词dead。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：一群艺术家将试图把一些垃圾变成艺术品。他们将在当地展示这些作品，以提醒人们不要在爬山时留下垃圾。分析句子可知，空格处在句中做状语，修饰动词show，修饰动词要用副词做状语，故填locally。‎ 第四部分 写作 （共两节，满分 35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。‎ It's been two years when I joined the campus radio station. During this time, I had done several interviews. Every time I finish to writing an article, I am proud of myself for able to introduce my ‎ schoolmates to the things I've seen. It was difficult at times, but when I saw my stories publish in our school newspaper, you knew that it was something worth doing. My parents, teachers and schoolmates congratulated me on that I did. I felt happily when I shared a new story with them. The greatest thing about being the reporter is being able to share your thought with others.‎ ‎【答案】1. when→since ‎ ‎2.done前面的 had →have ‎ ‎3. finish后to去掉 ‎ ‎4. for∧being able to ‎ ‎5. publish→published ‎ ‎6. you→I ‎7. that→what ‎ ‎8. happily→happy ‎ ‎9. the→a ‎10. thought→thoughts ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己在校园广播站当记者的经历与收获。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查连词。句意：我加入校园广播站已经两年了。It has been+一段时间+since+从句（一般过去时）表示“自从……已经有多久了”，根据前面的“It's been two years”可知，此处用since，故when改为since。‎ 第二处：考查时态。句意：在此期间，我做了几次采访。此处强调过去的动作对现在的影响，用现在完成时，故had改为have。‎ 第三处：考查非谓语动词的用法。句意：每次写完一篇文章，我都为自己能够向同学们介绍我所看到的东西而感到自豪。finish后接动名词作宾语，to是多余的，故finish后的to去掉。‎ 第四处：考查非谓语动词。句意同上。be able to表示“能够”，介词for后接动名词作宾语，故for后加being。‎ 第五处：考查非谓语动词。句意：当我在校报上看到我的文章时，我知道这是一件值得做的事情。stories与publish之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，表示被动，用过去分词作后置定语，故publish改为published。‎ 第六处：考查代词。句意同上，根据句意可知此处表示“我”而不是“你”，故you改为I。‎ 第七处：考查宾语从句。句意：我的父母、老师和同学都祝贺我所做的事情。此处为宾语从句，从句中的did缺少宾语，表示“所……的（事）”，故that改为what。‎ 第八处：考查形容词。句意：当我和他们分享一篇新文章时，我感到很高兴。作felt的表语用形容词，故happily改为happy。‎ 第九处：考查冠词。句意：做一名记者最大的好处就是能和别人分享你的想法。此处泛指“一名记者”，reporter的发音以辅音音素开头，故the改为a。‎ 第十处：考查名词复数。句意同上，thought当“想法”讲时是可数名词，此处用复数表泛指，故thought改为thoughts。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假如你是光明中学高二（1）班的李华，上周你校举办了为期一周的“外语文化节”活动。请根据下表给你的英国笔友Leo写信，介绍文化节的开展情况。‎ 光明中学第一届外语文化节 时间：‎2020年1月6日–‎‎1月12日 活动内容：‎ ‎1．外籍专家讲座，主题：英语学习方法；‎ ‎2．英语演讲比赛；‎ ‎3．成立英语口语角。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100词左右；‎ ‎2. 可适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。‎ Dear Leo,‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Leo,‎ How have you been doing recently? I’m writing to share my experience during the Foreign Language Festival with you.‎ It lasted for a week, from Jan 6 to Jan 12, and it had three major sections. To begin with, there was an instructive lecture delivered by a foreign expert focused on English learning methods. This was of great help to us. Then we organized an enjoyable English speech contest, which encouraged us to practice our oral English. Besides, we set up an oral English corner to make oral English practice daily. The festival is over, but I’m still excited about it.‎ What are you up to these days? I’m looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，要求写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。假如你是光明中学高二（1）班的李华，上周你校举办了为期一周的“外语文化节”活动。请根据下表给你的英国笔友Leo写信，介绍文化节的开展情况。时间：‎2020年1月6日–‎1月12日要点包括：1．外籍专家讲座，主题：英语学习方法；2．英语演讲比赛；3．成立英语口语角。人称为第一人称。时态以一般过去时为主。‎ 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为三段。第一段，写信目的。第二段，文章的三大要点。第三段，期望。‎ 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: share（分享），last（持续），instructive（教育性的），deliver（发表），focuse on（集中于），of great help（有帮助的），set up（建立），be up to（从事）等。‎ 第四步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连接词进行过渡衔接；注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了一些亮点短语：focuse on（集中于），of great help（有帮助的），set up（建立），be up to（从事）等。以及一些较为高级的句式: there was an instructive lecture delivered by a foreign expert focused on English learning methods.使用了过去分词作定语；Then we organized an enjoyable English ‎ speech contest, which encouraged us to practice our oral English. 使用了非限制性定语从句。‎ 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。‎