广西柳州市2021届高三英语上学期第一次模拟试题（Word版附解析） 27页

柳州市 2021 届高三毕业班第一次模拟考试卷 英语 （考试时间：120 分钟；满分：150 分） 注意： 1.本套试卷分第 I 卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分，所有答案写在答题 卡上，否则答题无效。 2. 答卷前，考生务必将密封线内的项目填写清楚,密封线内不要答题。 3.选择题,请用 2B 铅笔,把答题卡上对应题目选项的信息点涂黑。非选择题，请用 0.5mm 黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡指定位置作答。 第 I 卷（选择题） 第一部分:听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案 转涂到客观题答题卡上。 第一节决 5 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选 出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小 题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Who is ill now? A. The man's wife. B. The woman's mother. C. The man's mother. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: I heard your mother was ill in hospital last week. How is she now? M: She is much better. Thank you. But she still needs to stay there for two more weeks. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What does the man think of his job? A. He enjoys it very much. B. He doesn’t care about it. C. He hates working overtime. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】W: You’re always staying late in the office and working overtime. M: I don’t mind extra hours at all for such interesting work. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What will the man do at 3:30 pm? A. He will finish the report for the manager. B. He will come to the woman's house for dinner. C. He will call the woman. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Are you coming to dinner at 7:30 this evening? M: I don't know. I have to finish the report for the manager. I'll give you a call at 3:30 pm to inform you whether I can make it for dinner or not. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Which of the following backpacks will Lucy like best? A. The yellow one. B. The blue one. C. The black one. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: Lucy’s birthday is on this Sunday. What present should we prepare for her? W: I suggest we have a look at the backpack that has just come in. It’s a new design, and it comes in three colors: black, blue and yellow. M: Oh, I think I know which one to choose from. Yellow is her favorite color. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why does the man think the new student looks strange? A. He always asks questions. B. He seldom speaks. C. He has few friends. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Don't you think the new student is a lttle strange? He doesn't even say a word unless he is asked a question. W: It's probably because he doesn't have any friends here yet. 第二节（共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每 小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题 将给岀 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What's the woman's room number? A. No. 204. B. No. 205. C. No. 210. 7. What is the woman's group going to do next? A. Leave the town. B. Go shopping. C. Visit their friends. 【答案】6. B 7. B 【解析】 【原文】M: Good morning, can I help you? W: We'd like to check out. Would you please give me our bill? M: Certainly. What are your room numbers and your name, please? W: We are in Room 204 to 210. I'm Jenny Smith, the tour guide of the group. My room number is 205. M: Just a moment please, Jenny. I'll have your final bill ready in a minute. W: OK, but we're in a bit of a rush. We’d like to go downtown for shopping. M: Sorry to keep you waiting. I'll be just a moment... The total is 3,000 dollars. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A plan for a trip. B. A preparation for a meeting. C. An arrangement for a candlelight dinner. 9. What style of decoration does the man prefer? A. British. B. American. C. Chinese. 【答案】8. C 9. C 【解析】 【原文】W: What can I do for you, sir? M: Can you arrange a candlelight dinner for me and my wife? W: Certainly. What time could we arrange? M: Is it possible at 8:00 pm tomorrow? W: Sure. How about the menu and decorations? How would you like to have it? M: Can you provide a very romantic candlelight dinner in the garden with traditional Chinese decorations and Chinese cuisine? W: Certainly, we will arrange it. M: Thank you. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. What can't a smart speaker help people do? A. Look after a baby. B. Check the weather. C. Schedule things on the calendar. 11. Where does the woman want to have a smart speaker? A. At home. B. At the office. C. At the restaurant. 12. How much did the man pay for the smart speaker? A. 4000 yuan. B. 4500 yuan. C. 5000 yuan. 【答案】10. A 11. A 12. B 【解析】 【原文】W: James, do you like your smart speaker? M: Yes! It's great. Do you want to buy one? W: I'm thinking about it! But I don't know much about them M: They're so convenient. I talk to my smart speaker, and it looks up things. W: When I want to find information, I use my smart phone. M: Finding information is easier with a smart speaker. W: OK, what else can you do with one? M: I can check the weather, shop for things and schedule things on my calendar. I can do it all with just my voice! W: Wow, that’s amazing! It can do almost everything! M: It can also control a smart home. W: Hmm, my home isn't very smart! I need to think it over and have one in my house. Well, by the way, how much is it? M: The original price is five thousand yuan, and I bought it with a 10% discount. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 13. When does the conversation take place? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 14. What was the woman once interested in? A. Traveling on her own. B. Interviewing different people. C. Collecting ancient pictures. 15. How does the woman usually reduce the pressure of her work? A. By walking her dog. B. By traveling to other cities. C. By talking to her boss. 16. What’s the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Manager and customer. C. Reporter and interviewee. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C 【解析】 【原文】M: Welcome, Miss Green. I’m Mark White from China Daily. Thank you for your time this aftermnoon. W: It’s a pleasure. M: Would you please share with us your first job experience? W: Yes. I worked as the social secretary at the media department of a company. M: How did you get your work experience? W: I mostly learned at work. I have traveled to many cities for different jobs. All the experiences helped me. M: Did you consider any other career before? W: I once wanted to be an artist because I loved collecting ancient pictures and this hobby has been kept on for many years. M: How do you usually reduce the pressure of your work? W: I have a dog called Charles. I love taking him for a walk when I am stressed. M: How do you deal with people who are not easy to get along with? W: I try to be polite, even though it may be very difficult sometimes. M: Good for you, thanks a lot. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 17. How many departments are there in the college now? A. Four. B. Five. C. Six. 18. Who is the speaker probably talking to? A. New students in the college. B. Senior students in the college. C. People paying a visit to the college. 19. Where do the teachers of the English Department mainly come from? A. Australia. B. England. C. Canada. 20. What can we know about the main library? A. The main library is next to the French department building. B. The main library is open for 13 hours a day. C. The main library is newly-built. 【答案】17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【原文】W: Boys and girls! Here is our international language collge. The college used to have four departments: English, French, German and Russian. But there is now also a Chinese Department called Confucius Institute because more and more pcople prefer to learn Chinese in recent years. At the moment we are outside your department, the English Department which is the largest one in the college. There are over 800 students in each grade and we have 350 teachers, including 150 professors. These teachers are from different countries, mainly from Canada, with a few from England and Australia. You will have all your classes here in this building and all the professors from Canada are working here, so you can talk with them in your spare time. Next to the English department building is the main library, which has a history of 100 years. Our library is open every day from 8:30 am to 10:30 pm with a one-hour break at noon. On the right side of the library is the dining hall, where you will enjoy your meals every day. Now let me show you around the campus. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选岀最佳选项。 A Each year there are many new inventions. This list includes some of the most exciting inventions coming out in recent years. Xbox Adaptive Controller The Xbox Adaptive Controller made by the Microsoft is designed to make the game world easier. It can help those with limited hand and arm mobility play games. It connects devices such as switches, buttons and joysticks （操纵杆）to create a custom controller experience. Solar Charged Jacket If you are a night runner, then this one is for you. Created by a company named Vollebak, the Solar Charged Jacket' s special material takes in any light during the day and gives off its green energy for those who need it to ensure safety after dark. Gravity Blanket A gravity blanket is a magic blanket, which weighs around 10% of your body. It provides stress and sensory input for you. Covered with it, you’ll feel like being hugged to sleep. The super comfortable blanket helps those who are stressed or can not fall asleep easily. LynQ Getting separated from friends or family members in a vacation travel can be boring. A LynQ helps you solve the problem. It is a compass-like wireless communication module, which can help you find your beloved ones when you get separated from the group. In positioning, unlike a smart phone, a LynQ does not need any WiFi to stay connected. 21. Why was the Xbox Adaptive Controller invented? A. To help users feel safe in the darkness. B. To help those disabled in the hand and arm play games. C. To cure people with limited hand mobility. D. To help people find the lost. 22. Which of the following inventions is designed for those who lose sleep? A. Gravity Blanket. B. LynQ. C. Solar Charged Jacket. D. Xbox Adaptive Controller 23. What makes a LynQ different from a smart phone in positioning? A. It is a wireless communication module. B. It doesn't rely on WiFi connection. C. It can separate people from the group. D. It can give off green energy. 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 【解析】 本文是说明文。主要介绍了最几年让人激动的四个新发明。 【21 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The Xbox Adaptive Controller made by the Microsoft is designed to make the game world easier. It can help those with limited hand and arm mobility play games.” (微 软制造的 Xbox 自适应控制器旨在让游戏世界变得更容易。它可以帮助那些手和手臂活动受限 的人玩游戏。)可知，Xbox 自适应控制器是为了帮助那些手和手臂活动受限的人玩游戏而发明 的。故选 B 项。 【22 题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Covered with it, you’ll feel like being hugged to sleep. The super comfortable blanket helps those who are stressed or can not fall asleep easily.” （盖上它，你会觉 得就像被抱着睡觉一样。超级舒适的毛毯可以帮助那些有压力或不易入睡的人。）可知，Gravity Blanket 是为了那些不易入睡的人设计的。故选 A 项。 【23 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“In positioning, unlike a smart phone, a LynQ does not need any WiFi to stay connected.”（ 在定位方面，与智能手机不同的是，LynQ 不需要任何 WiFi 来保持连接。） 可知，LynQ 的不同于智能手机之处是它不需要连接 WiFi。故选 B 项。 B Kobe Bryant, born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on August 23, 1978, was a professional basketball player, nicknamed "Black Mamba" or "Little Flying Man ". He played for the Los Angeles Lakers throughout his NBA career from 1996 to 2016. In 1996, Kobe Bryant entered the high school and then began his legendary NBA career. On behalf of his school, Kobe Bryant won many basketball games and got a very high total score. He broke the record of the southeast of Pennsylvania that Chamberlain had created and maintained for 38 years, which made Jerry West, the Lakers vice president, think highly of him. After Kobe Bryant became the dunk（扣篮）champion in the All-Star Game in 1997, his career took off. From 2000 to 2002, he and his team won the NBA championships for three years in a row. Kobe Bryant maintained a lot of NBA personal records. He once got 81 scores in a game, the second highest single-game scoring in the NBA history. In the 2007-2008 season, he received the title of Most Valuable Player, which is the highest honor for NBA players. After that, he and his team continued to attain lots of remarkable achievements, including two NBA championships from 2009 to 2010. Unfortunately, on January 27, 2020, this great man and other eight persons were killed in a helicopter crash in Calabasas. Kobe Bryant was then only 41 years old. Those who loved him all mourned the death of him. Though we have lost a superstar, his mamba spirit will live on. We will always remember his immortal（不朽的）words, "I know the appearance of Los Angeles at four o'clock in the morning every day." 24. How did Kobe Bryant catch Jerry West's attention? A. He was recommended to Jerry West. B. He created a new basketball total score record and maintained it for 38 years. C. He broke the basketball total score record of the southeast of Pennsylvania. D. He became the dunk champion in the 2007-2008 season. 25. How many NBA championships did Kobe and his team win in all? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 26. What can we infer from Kobe's immortal words in the last paragraph? A. Kobe deeply loved Los Angeles. B. Kobe enjoyed the sunrise of Los Angeles. C. Kobe practiced very hard every day. D. Kobe didn't want to be noticed. 27. In which section of a magazine may this text appear? A. Sport. B. Science. C. Education. D. Health. 【答案】24. C 25. D 26. C 27. A 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了绰号“黑曼巴”和“小飞人”的湖人队职业篮球运动员 Kobe Bryant 传奇的一生。其中包括他崭露头角时被 Jerry West 所发掘以及他一生所取得的辉 煌成就和他的不幸逝世等内容。 【24 题详解】 细 节 理 解 题 。 根 据 第 二 段 中 “He broke the record of the southeast of Pennsylvania that Chamberlain had created and maintained for 38 years, which made Jerry West, the Lakers vice president, think highly of him.”“他打破了 Chamberlain 创造并保持了 38 年的宾夕法尼亚州东 南部纪录，这让湖人副总裁 Jerry West 对他评价很高。”可知，Kobe 打破了宾夕法尼亚州东 南部的篮球总得分纪录，这引起了 Jerry West 的注意。故选 C 项。 【25 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“From 2000 to 2002, he and his team won the NBA championships for three years in a row.”“从 2000 年到 2002 年，他和他的球队连续三年夺得 NBA 总冠军。”以 及 第 三 段 “After that, he and his team continued to attain lots of remarkable achievements, including two NBA championships from 2009 to 2010.”“此后，他和他的球队继续取得了许多 令人瞩目的成就，包括 2009 年至 2010 年的两次 NBA 总冠军。”可知，科比和他的球队一共 赢得了 5 次 NBA 总冠军。故选 D 项。 【26 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 “We will always remember his immortal words, ‘I know the appearance of Los Angeles at four o'clock in the morning every day.’”“我们将永远记住他那句 不朽的话：‘我知道洛杉矶每天凌晨四点钟的样子。’”可知，从科比不朽的话中我们能推 断出科比每天都刻苦训练。故选 C 项。 【27 题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要讲述了绰号“黑曼巴”和“小飞人”的湖人队职业篮球运动员 Kobe Bryant 传奇的一生。其中包括他崭露头角时被 Jerry West 所发掘以及他一生所取得的辉煌成 就和他的不幸逝世等内容。因此这篇文章可能出现在杂志的运动版面。故选 A 项。 C In Chinese cities, food deliverymen are often seen riding at full speed through busy traffic. They rushed from restaurants to different destinations, even under bad weather conditions. The article The Food Deliverymen Are Trapped in the App pointed out that on food delivery service platforms, Eleme and Meituan, the time limit and the route for each delivery order is calculated by an algorithm（算法）.But the algorithm doesn't consider real-life situations, such as red lights, speed limits and fully occupied elevators. The time limit for a delivery order within 2 kilometers is 30 minutes, even shorter in recent years. Delay could mean a fine. So deliverymen rev up, often breaking traffic rules, putting their own lives at risk. Many people asked the platforms to improve the regulations imposed（强加） on the deliverymen. In response to this demand, Eleme announced it would add a button to the app, which allowed customers to extend the time limits for their orders, and encouraged customers to show more respect for deliverymen. But some people felt that the company was staying away from the problem and changing people's attention. Some held the view that the company was putting the responsibility on the customers rather than solving the problem itself. As to delivery delays, solutions are far from enough. As a matter of fact, when a delivery delay happens and the company can' t reach an agreement with the customer on the responsibility, the deliveryman is usually the final one responsible for the delay. The Shanghai Customer Council commented that it was unfair for the deliveryman to be the only side responsible for a delay and problems should be solved between the companies and their employees. Besides, market regulatory departments should stop companies from setting tight schedules for their deliverymen and keep them safe on the roads. 28. What does the underlined expression "rev up” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Run away. B. Speed up. C. Wander around. D. Slow down. 29. Who actually gets the blame for a delivery delay? A. The Customer Council. B. The customer. C. The company. D. The deliveryman. 30. What did the Shanghai Customer Council advise market regulatory departments to do? A. Set tight schedules for more orders. B. Solve the problems of delivery delays with the customers. C. Stop companies from setting tight schedules for their employees. D. Employ more deliverymen for the delivery companies. 31. What's the text mainly about? A. The customers' rights should be protected. B. Food delivery regulations need improvement. C. Food deliverymen take risks on their way. D. Delivery platforms earn more than before. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 【解析】 【分析】 本文是说明文。文章讲述了目前外卖平台计算的运送时间没有考虑到红绿灯、车速和等电梯 的因素，因此外卖规章需要被改善。 【28 题详解】 词句猜测题。 根据划线词后的部分 often breaking traffic rules, putting their own lives at risk（经 常违反交通规则，把自己的生命置于危险之中）可知，"rev up”意思是加速。故选 B。 【29 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“ As a matter of fact, when a delivery delay happens and the company can' t reach an agreement with the customer on the responsibility, the deliveryman is usually the final one responsible for the delay.”（事实上，当发生延迟交货而公司又不能与客户就责任达成一致 时，对延迟交货负责的通常是送货员。）可知因为送外卖延迟，事实上惩罚责备的是送外卖的 人。故选 D。 【30 题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Besides, market regulatory departments should stop companies from setting tight schedules for their deliverymen and keep them safe on the roads.”（另外，市场监 管部门应该阻止公司们给员工制定严格的安排，让他们保持路上的安全）可知，上海市消费 者权益保护委员会建议市场监管部门阻止公司为员工安排紧密的日程安排。故选 C。 【31 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段 Besides, market regulatory departments should stop companies from setting tight schedules for their deliverymen and keep them safe on the roads.（此外，市场监管部门 应阻止企业为快递员设置紧张的时间安排，确保他们在道路上的安全）结合全文内容，可知 文章首段提出了中国城市外卖小哥们不顾路上危险违章全速送外卖的现象，引出市场监管部 门应该监督公司改善规则的话题。所以文章主要讲述了食物运送的规章需要被改善。故选 B。 【点睛】 D Arizona State University mathematician Sebastien Motsch and his colleagues wanted to know if ants on the move could also get jammed like humans. So they conducted an experiment on ants to see what would happen to the ants when there were too many of them at the same time. They controlled the density of the ants by constructing bridges of various widths between their colony and the source of food. When the ants went through a bridge, the density of them did increase initially but the flow never slowed down, even when more and more ants filled the bridge. And then the flow leveled off at high densities. Motsch and his team found that when the ants sensed overcrowding, they adjusted their speeds and avoided entering high-density areas. These behaviors may be made with some chemicals that told other ants where an available road was. The ants also managed to avoided colliding（碰撞）with each other at high densities, "The goal was to try to find out at what point they were going to have a traffic jam. But it seemed that it never happened. They never, at one point, just stopped. They always managed to avoid traffic jams.” Said Sebastien Motsch. Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems? Not likely, according to Sebastien Motsch. That's because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible, human drivers put their own goals first. Individual ant has to be more cooperative in order to feed the colony. But the research could be useful in improving traffic flow for automatic driving cars, which can be designed to be less like selfish humans, but more like ants. 32. Why did Sebastien Motsch and his colleagues do the experiment? A. To find out how ants found the source of food. B. To find out how ants built their colony. C. To find out whether ants have traffic jams. D. To find out whether ants communicated with each other. 33. How did the researchers control the density of the ants between their colony and the source of food? A. By making traffic jams. B. By attracting them with different foods. C. By driving some ants off the bridges. D. By constructing bridges of different widths. 34. What did the ants probably do when they sensed overcrowding? A. They tried to find another road. B. They returned to their colony. C. They were in a mess. D. They kept their speed. 35. Why does Sebastien Motsch think humans are not likely to solve traffic problems like ants? A. Because they are selfish. B. Because they are cooperative. C. Because they have no automatic driving cars. D. Because they travel too fast. 【答案】32. C 33. D 34. A 35. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了科学家对移动中的蚂蚁是否也会像人类一样交通拥堵进行 的研究实验。证明蚁群可以避开交通堵塞。 【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Arizona State University mathematician Sebastien Motsch and his colleagues wanted to know if ants on the move could also get jammed like humans. ” （亚利桑那州立大学数学家 Sebastien Motsch 和他的同事们想知道移动中的蚂蚁是否也会像人 类一样交通拥堵。）可知，Sebastien Motsch 和他的同事们是为了发现蚂蚁是否有交通堵塞。故 选 C。 2.细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“They controlled the density of the ants by constructing bridges of various widths between their colony and the source of food.”（他们通过在蚁群和食物来源之间 建造不同宽度的桥梁来控制蚂蚁的密度。）可知，D 项正确，故选 D。 3.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“Motsch and his team found that when the ants sensed overcrowding, they adjusted their speeds and avoided entering high-density areas. ”（Motsch 和他的 团队发现，当蚂蚁感觉到过度拥挤时，它们会调整速度，避免进入高密度区域）可知，当蚂 蚁感觉到过度拥挤时，它们会避免进入高密度区域，从而调整路线，找到另一个区域，故选 A。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段第三句“That's because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible, human drivers put their own goals first. ”（这是因为，当需要尽快从 A 点到 达 B 点时，人类司机把自己的目标放在第一位。）可知，人类司机只会顾及自己的目标，由此 判断出人类是自私的。故选 A。 第二节（共 5 小题;每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项 为多余选项。 Anyone can book a trip, but not everyone can plan the best adventure that is affordable and fun. If you want to do it better, the places to stay in for the nights must be chosen carefully. ____36____ Check distances on a map. It's common for hotels to slightly exaggerate （夸大）their closeness to attractions around town. They will not tell you the true distance. If being close to a particular airport is important for your trip, you' d better confirm the distance on Google Map before you book a hotel. ____37____ A little niceness goes a long way, especially with the hotel staff who have to deal with difficult guests on a regular basis. When you check in, simply say hello to the cleaning staff when you pass them in the hall. This is not only common politeness, but it also increases your chances of getting incidental benefit during your stay. Give up the package deals（套餐）To appeal to new guests, some hotels will offer themed package deals. ____38____ Sometimes these packages include things you don’ t want or need and the special prices could be higher than the regular ones. Ask about parking. ____39____ You'd better look for a hotel offering free parking. If you have to afford the expensive parking, apps like Best Parking can help you find nearby parking lots at lower prices. As parking costs really go up, if not necessary, we suggest you take a taxi or a bus from the hotel to travel around the city rather than travel in your own car. ____40____ A. Be polite to the staff. B. Pay attention to difficult guests. C. They are quite cheap but taste bad. D. In this way you can save much money. E. In a self-driving travel, parking may cost a lot. F. They are attractive but may not be good value for money. G. Here are some tips about hotels that we'd like to share with you. 【答案】36. G 37. A 38. F 39. E 40. D 【解析】 【分析】 本文是说明文。为了让你的出门旅行时花更少的钱而玩得开心，文章从入住酒店与停车费用 等四个方面提供了有用的建议。 【36 题详解】 上文“If you want to do it better, the places to stay in for the nights must be chosen carefully.(如果你想做的更好些，就必需细心挑选夜晚要入住的地方。)”以及下文每一段 开头说的都是一些入住酒店时要注意的事项，与选项 G 中的“hotels 酒店”和“tips 建议” 相一致，G 选项“这里有一些关于酒店的建议，我们想和你分享”总起下文。故选 G。 【37 题详解】 下文“A little niceness goes a long way, especially with the hotel staff…（一点 小小的善意就能帮上很大的忙,尤其是对待酒店里的工作人员）”句中的“a little niceness 和 staff”与选项 A 中的“Be polite 和 the hotel staff”相一致，符合语境意思。故选 A。 【38 题详解】 结合该段首句“Give up the package deals（放弃一些套餐）”及最后一句“…the special prices could be higher than the regular ones(这些套餐的特殊的价格会比常规的价格贵)” 可知，此处的意思是“套餐很诱人，但是钱花的不值”，而且 F 项中的“they”指代前文的 “package deals”,符合语境。故选 F。 【39 题详解】 结合下文“You'd better look for a hotel offering free parking（你最好找一家提供免 费停车的酒店）”可知，本段谈论的是关于开自驾车旅游时的停车费用，E 项中指出“In a self-driving travel, parking may cost a lot（自驾游时，你可能花很高的停车费用）”， 其关键词“parking”与本段内容一致，符合语境。故选 E。 【40 题详解】 结合上文“As parking costs really go up, if not necessary, we suggest you take a taxi or a bus from the hotel to travel around the city rather than travel in your own car （由于停车费上升，如果没必要，我们建议你入住酒店后，打出租车或坐公交车去环城游玩， 而不是开自家车）”可知，作者这样建议的目的是为了让你省下很多停车费，D 项符合语境。 故选 D。 【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空白前后的名词 和动词，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等。小题 1、2、3、4、 选项中的词都与各自所在段落中的词相对应（具体见各小题详解）。 第一节（共 20 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项。 I live in a house built by Habitat for Humanity, a nonprofit organization that helps families build homes. It was through the process of building my house that I came to believe the ____41____ of the strangers who put in their time to help others ____42____ . I am a single mother, always struggling to juggle（兼顾）home and ____43____.I had managed to ____44____ for a small down payment（首付）on a house. But very soon the price ____45____ to an amount that I couldn't afford. Luckily, the opportunity to ____46____ for a Habitat home came to me during this time. After months of application process, my family was ____47____ for one of the eighteen homes which would be ____48____ in my city that year! Each Habitat applicant must ____49____ four hundred hours of "building time” before his family can move into the new _____50_____. These hours are spent on Saturday _____51_____ other home owners' houses. Building a Habitat house takes _____52_____ sixteen Saturdays. During the days of building my house I _____53_____ many volunteers. They were all strangers to me, who came from _____54_____walks of life, including lawyers, shopkeepers, cleaners and so on. Most of them had no training and house building _____55_____, but they worked together well. When the framing（框架）of my house was ____56____ my favourite Habitat ceremony took place. Each worker _____57_____ a message on the new walls. Living in a home with the handwritten inspirations from the ____58____ has always been a comfort to me. _____59_____ the devotion of the strangers, these homes have become possible. Their willingness to____60____ one Saturday a week has made such an incredible difference in so many lives 41. A. kindness B. honesty C. courage D. modesty 42. A. carefully B. crazily C. selflessly D. curiously 43. A. education B. work C. fashion D. beauty 44. A. request B. lend C. waste D. save 45. A. rose B. reacted C. reduced D. led 46 A. wait B. care C. apply D. account 47. A. chosen B. thanked C. taken D. removed 48. A. painted B. built C. decorated D. returned 49. A. wait B. need C. devote D. collect 50. A. farm B. hut C. cottage D. home 51. A. living on B. working on C. calling on D. feeding on 52. A. nearly B. hardly C. extremely D. mainly 53. A. challenged B. organized C. met D. arranged 54. A. ordinary B. successful C. outstanding D. various 55. A. tips B. desires C. skills D. plans 56. A. damaged B. broken C. selected D. completed 57. A. wrote B. got C. sent D. read 58. A. leaders B. artists C. customers D. volunteers 59. A. Apart from B. Thanks to C. According to D. Regardless of 60. A. go through B. give up C. put off D. look for 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. D 45. A 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. C 50. D 51. B 52. A 53. C 54. D 55. C 56. D 57. A 58. D 59. B 60. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者是一位单身母亲，申请到了非盈利组织仁爱之家为自己建 房子的机会。作者感谢那些无私的志愿者为她建造房子，并且在她新家的墙上写下励志的话 语。 【41 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是在建造我的房子的过程中，我开始相信那些陌生人的好意， 他们花时间无私地帮助别人。A. kindness 善良，好意；B. honesty 诚实；C. courage 勇气；D. modesty 谦逊。根据上文“…helps families build homes”可知，那些人好心地帮助别人建房子。 故选 A 项。 【42 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：正是在建造我的房子的过程中，我开始相信那些陌生人的好意， 他们花时间无私地帮助别人。A. carefully 细心地；B. crazily 疯狂地；C. selflessly 无私地；D. curiously 好奇地。根据前文“who put in their time to help others…”可知，这些陌生人花时间 帮别人建房子，是无私地帮助别人。故选 C 项。 【43 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个单身母亲,总是难以兼顾家庭和工作。A. education 教育； B. work 工作；C. fashion 时尚；D. beauty 美丽。根据下文“I had managed to 4 for a small down payment（首付）on a house.”可知，作为单身母亲，既要照顾家庭，又要工作挣钱。故选 B 项。 【44 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我设法存钱付一个小房子的首付。A. request 请求；B. lend 借出； C. waste 浪费；D. save 储蓄，节省。根据“a small down payment（首付）on a house”可知， 作者要攒钱付首付。故选 D 项。 【45 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，价格上涨到我负担不起的数目。A. rose 上升；B. reacted 反 应；C. reduced 减少；D. led 带领。根据“I couldn't afford”，作者努力攒钱，但是还是负担不 起。由此可知，房子价格不断上涨。故选 A 项。 【46 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：幸运的是，在这段时间里，我有申请仁爱之家的房子的机会。A. wait for 等待；B. care for 关心，关爱；C. apply for 申请；D. account for 解释，说明。根据下文 “After months of application process” 可知，作者申请了仁爱之家的房子。故选 C 项。 【47 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的申请过程后，我家被选为那一年在我的城市里将要 建造的 18 套房子中的一套!A. chosen 选择；B. thanked 感谢；C. taken 拿走；D. removed 移除。 作者通过了申请，被 Habitat for Humanity（仁爱之家）选上，帮助她家建房子。故选 A 项。 【48 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的申请过程后，我家被选为那一年在我的城市里将要 建造的 18 套房子中的一套!A. painted 绘画；B. built 建造；C. decorated 装饰；D. returned 返回。 根据上文“…helps families build homes”可知，仁爱之家将在作者的城市帮助她家建房子。故 选 B 项。 【49 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个仁爱之家的申请人在与家人搬进新家之前必须奉献 400 小时 的“建造时间”。A. wait 等待；B. need 需要；C. devote 奉献；D. collect 收集。根据下文“ 19 the devotion of the strangers”可知，仁爱之家的申请人需要奉献出自己的时间帮助其他人建房 子。故选 C 项。 【50 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每个仁爱之家的申请人在与家人搬进新家之前必须奉献 400 小时 的“建造时间”。A. farm 农场；B. hut 棚，舍；C. cottage 小屋；D. home 家。根据上文“build homes”中的“homes”可知，是和家人搬进建造的新家。故选 D 项。 【51 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些时间都用在周六为其他房主建房子上。A. living on 靠……生 活；B. working on 从事于；C. calling on 要求，呼吁；D. feeding on 以……为食。仁爱之家申 请人将帮助其他房主建房子。故选 B 项。 【52 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：建造一个仁爱之家的房子需要将近 16 个星期六。A. nearly 几乎； B. hardly 几乎不；C. extremely 极其，非常；D. mainly 主要。此处作者是估计建造一个仁爱之 家的房子需要的大概时间，差不多 16 个星期六。故选 A 项。 【53 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在建造我的房子的日子里，我遇到了许多志愿者。A. challenged 挑 战；B. organized 组织；C. met 遇见；D. arranged 安排。根据上文“They were all strangers to me” 可知，作者遇到了很多陌生人，他们是志愿者，帮助建自己的房子。故选 C 项。 【54 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们对我来说都是陌生人，他们来自各行各业，包括律师、店 主、清洁工等等。A. ordinary 普通的； B. successful 成功的；C. outstanding 杰出的；D. various 多样的。根据下文“including lawyers, shopkeepers, cleaners and so on”可知，这些志愿者来自 多个行业。故选 D 项。 【55 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们中的大多数人没有受过训练，也没有房屋建造的技能，但他 们在一起合作得很好。A. tips 建议；B. desires 欲望；C. skills 技能；D. plans 计划。根据上文 “…had no training”可知，这些志愿者大部分都没有建房子方面的技能。故选 C 项。 【56 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我房子的框架完成的时候，举行了我最喜欢的仁爱之家的仪式。 A. damaged 毁坏；B. broken 破裂；C. selected 精心挑选；D. completed 完成。根据“Habitat ceremony”可知，在作者的房子框架大概完工时，他们举行了仪式。故选 D 项。 【57 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每个工人都在新墙上写了一条信息。A. wrote 写；B. got 得到；C. sent 寄；D. read 读。根据下文“the handwritten inspirations”可知，建房子的工人在墙上写下一些 激励的话语。故选 A 项。 【58 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对我来说，住在一个有志愿者用手写的励志话语的家里一直是一 种享受。A. leaders 领导者；B. artists 艺术家；C. customers 顾客；D. volunteers 志愿者。根据 上文“During the days of building my house I 13 many volunteers.”可知，是志愿者帮助作者 建房子，新家的墙壁上的励志的话语是志愿者写下的。故选 D 项。 【59 题详解】 考查短语辨析。句意：多亏了这些陌生人的奉献，这些家园才成为可能。A. Apart from 除了…… 之外；B. Thanks to 多亏了；C. According to 根据；D. Regardless of 尽管，不管，不顾。多亏了 这些志愿者的帮助，才能建起仁爱之家。故选 B 项。 【60 题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们愿意每周放弃一个周六，这给很多人的生活带来了难以置信 的影响。A. go through 经历；B. give up 放弃；C. put off 推迟；D. look for 寻找。根据上文“These hours are spent on Saturday 11 other home owners' houses.”可知，这些志愿者放弃每周六的 周末时间来帮助其他人建房子。故选 B 项。 第 II 卷(非选择题) 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分 45 分) 第二节(共 10 小题;每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 It was reported that people in some countries made healthier eating choices during the corona virus crisis. A recent research project ____61____ (involve) 11,000 shoppers in 11 countries found that people who were facing stay-at-home orders tried cooking new things and they ____62____ (throw) away less food. The result showed that people were buying less microwaveable food but ____63____ (many) fresh fruits and vegetables. Before the crisis, people turned to salty, sweet and fatty ____64____ (product) when they felt stressed. But during the crisis, many people seemed to fill this desire ____65____ home-baked goods. In Chile, for example, there was ____66____ large drop in sales of snacks but a big rise in sales of baking necessities like flour. The research also showed that people took more time to ____67____ (careful) plan their trips to the stores ____68____ plenty of fresh foods were provided. Many people who took part in the study cooked new things and used more leftovers ____69____ (reduce) waste. It was said that this behavior ____70____ (link) to the fears of food shortages. 【答案】61. involving 62. threw 63. more 64. products 65. with 66. a 67. carefully 68. where 69. to reduce 70. was linked 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了一个对危机期间人们食物购买行为变化的研究。 【详解】1.考查现在分词。句意：最近一项涉及 11 个国家 1.1 万名购物者的研究发现，在家做 饭的人尝试烹饪新食物，扔掉的食物更少。动词 involve 为及物动词，意为“使参加”，和主语 project（项目）构成主动关系，和谓语动词 found 之间无关联词，所以应用现在分词的主动形 式，在 project 后作后置定语修饰 project，所以用一般式。故填 involving。 2.考查一般过去时。句意：最近一项涉及 11 个国家 1.1 万名购物者的研究发现，在家做饭的人 尝试烹饪新食物，扔掉的食物更少。根据 found 可知，句子用一般过去时。动词 throw（扔） 的过去式为 threw，故填 threw。 3.考查比较级。句意：这个结果显示，人们买了更少的微波食品，更多的新鲜水果和蔬菜。根 据句意可知，人们买了更多的新鲜水果和蔬菜。故填 more。 4.考查名词单复数。句意：在这个危机之前，在感到压力大时，人们往往喜欢咸的、甜的和脂 肪含量高的产品。product 意为“产品”，为可数名词，此处为泛指，所以用复数形式泛指多种 产品。故填 products。 5.考查介词和固定搭配。句意：但是在危机期间，许多人似乎用家庭烘焙的东西来填满这个欲 望。fill...with...意为“用......充满......”，为固定搭配。故填 with。 6.考查冠词。句意：例如，在智利，零食的销量有一个很大的下降，但是像面粉这样的烘焙必 需品的销量却大幅提升。drop 作名词意为“下降”，为可数名词，此处为泛指“一个很大的下降”， large 首字母的发音为辅音音素。故填 a。 7.考查副词。句意：研究还显示，人们会花更多的时间仔细计划去那些提供大量新鲜食品的商 店。修饰动词 plan 应用副词。故填 carefully。 8.考查定语从句。句意：研究还显示，人们会花更多的时间仔细计划去那些提供大量新鲜食品 的商店。定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，所以应用关系副词，先行词为 stores（商店）， 为地点，故填 where。 9.考查目的状语。句意：许多参与研究的人烹饪新的东西，使用更多的剩菜来减少浪费。减少 浪费是更多使用剩菜的目的，应用 to do 不定式表目的。故填 to reduce。 10.考查一般过去时和被动语态。句意：据说这种行为和食物短缺的恐慌有关。根据 It was said 可知，时态用一般过去时，动词 link 意为“使有关联”，和主语 behavior 构成被动关系。故填 was linked。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 35 分) 第一节短文改错(共 10 小题;每小题 1 分，满分 10 分) 71. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有 10 处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除:把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改:在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。 When I was a child, I was interesting in everything about the universe. One day I spot a picture of Armstrong, which was the first astronaut to set foot on the moon. Inspired by his story, I made up his mind to become an astronaut but dreamed of going into outer space. After know my dream, my father kept on encouraging me to follow by my heart. Besides, he advised me take exercise for 60 to 90 minute a day to keep fit. With the encouragement and support of my father, I was confidence that my dream would come true. 【答案】1. interesting→interested 2. spot→spotted 3. which→who 4. his→my 5. but→and 6. know→knowing 7. 删除 by 8. 在 take 前加 to 9. minute→minutes 10. confidence→confident 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者梦想成为一名宇航员，探索外天空，在父亲的鼓励下，他 决定为了梦想而努力，相信梦想一定会实现。 【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我对宇宙的一切都很感兴趣。句中 涉及固定短语“be interested in…”，意为“对……感兴趣”，句中指“我对宇宙的一切都很 感兴趣”。故将 interesting 改为 interested。 2.考查时态。句意：一天，我发现一张 Armstrong 的照片，他是第一个登上月球的宇航员。根 据句中“One day”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式， spot 意为“发现”，动词词性，过去式为 spotted。故将 spot 改为 spotted。 3.考查定语从句。句意：一天，我发现一张 Armstrong 的照片，他是第一个登上月球的宇航员。 根据句意和句子结构可知，本句为非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Armstrong，为人，在从句中 作主语，故应用关系代词 who 引导从句。故将 which 改为 who。 4.考查代词。句意：受他的故事的激励，我下定决心要成为一名宇航员，并梦想进入外太空。 句中涉及固定短语“make up one’s mind to do sth.”，意为“下决心去做某事”，句子主语为 I， 故 one’s 应用 my，指“我”下定决心。故将 his 改为 my。 5.考查连词。句意：受他的故事的激励，我下定决心要成为一名宇航员，并梦想进入外太空。 句中“made up his mind to become an astronaut”和“dreamed of going into outer space”为并列 关系，即下定决心要成为一名宇航员，“并”梦想进入外太空，故应用连词 and 连接。故将 but 改为 and。 6.考查非谓语动词。句意：在知道我的梦想后，我父亲一直鼓励我要做自己想做的事。句中 After 为介词，意为“在……之后”，后接动词 ing 形式，know 意为“知道”，动词词性，动 词 ing 形式为 knowing。故将 know 改为 knowing。 7.考查固定短语。句意：在知道我的梦想后，我父亲一直鼓励我要做自己想做的事。句中涉及 固定短语“follow one’s heart”，意为“做自己想做的事”，符合句意，句中 by 多余。故将 by 删除。 8.考查固定短语。句意：此外，他建议我每天锻炼 60 到 90 分钟来保持健康。句中涉及固定短 语“advise sb. to do sth.”，意为“建议某人做某事”，to 后接动词原形，take exercise 意为“锻 炼，做运动”，为动词短语。故在 take 前加 to。 9.考查名词。句意：此外，他建议我每天锻炼 60 到 90 分钟来保持健康。句中 minute 意为“分 钟”，为可数名词，前面有 60 to 90 修饰，故应用 minute 的复数形式 minutes。故将 minute 改 为 minutes。 10.考查形容词。句意：在父亲的鼓励和支持下，我相信我的梦想会实现。句中 was 为系动词， 后应接形容词，修饰主语，confidence 意为“信心”，名词词性，对应的形容词为 confident， 意为“自信的”，句中表示我对“我的梦想会实现”是自信的。故将 confidence 改为 confident。 第二节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 72. 假定你是李华，为节约资源和保护环境，请代表学生会向全校写一封将垃圾分类的倡议书。 内容包括： 1. 垃圾分类的必要性； 2. 垃圾分类的做法； 3. 提出倡议。 注意：1.词数 100 左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Dear fellow students, First of all, in order to save resources and protect the environment, we are calling on every one of our school to form the habit of sorting out garbage before we throw it. By doing so, we can make waste recycling more easier and reduce pollution. Secondly, garbage should be divided into four groups: recyclable waste, harmful waste, leftovers and other waste. It is necessary for us to collect and reduce leftovers. What’s more, we are supposed to recycle electronic waste responsibly, such as batteries, mobile phones and so on. Every effort makes a difference. Finally, let’s take action to deal with garbage properly and make our world cleaner! Students’Union 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生代表学生会向全校写一封将垃圾分类的倡议书，以倡导 大家节约资源和保护环境。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时,少量现在进行时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 垃圾分类的必要性； 2. 垃圾分类的做法； 3. 提出倡议。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） in order to; save resources; protect the environment; call on; sort out; recycle; reduce pollution; divide into; leftovers; be supposed to;and so on; take action to do 第三步：连词成句 1.First of all, in order to save resources and protect the environment, we are calling on every one of our school to form the habit of sorting out garbage before we throw it. 2. By doing so, we can make waste recycling more easier and reduce pollution. 3.Garbage should be divided into four groups: recyclable waste, harmful waste, leftovers and other waste. 4.It is necessary for us to collect and reduce leftovers. 5.What’s more, we are supposed to recycle electronic waste responsibly, such as batteries, mobile phones and so on. 6.Every effort makes a difference. Finally, let’s take action to deal with garbage properly and make our world cleaner! 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Secondly, Finally 2.表并列补充关系：What is more 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰， 【点睛】[高分句型 1] In order to save resources and protect the environment, we are calling on every one of our school to form the habit of sorting out garbage before we throw it.(为了节约资源和保护环境，我们号召我们 学校的每一个人养成在扔垃圾之前先分类的习惯)这句话运用了 before 引导的时间状语从句。 [高分句型 2] Secondly, garbage should be divided into four groups: recyclable waste, harmful waste, leftovers and other waste. (垃圾应被分为四类：可回收垃圾、有害垃圾、剩菜和其他垃圾)这句话中，主语 garbage 与谓语动词 divide... into 之间是被动关系，运用了被动语态结构。