陕西西安市长安区第一中学2021届高三上学期第一次教学质量检测英语试题 Word版含解析 26页

长安一中 2020—2021 学年度第一学期第一次质量检测 高三年级英语 注意事项： 1. 答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、班级填写在本试卷相应的位置。 2. 全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 3. 满分 150 分；考试时间 120 分钟。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 第一节 （共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分） 听下面 5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10 秒钟的时 间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the woman type the letter for the man? A. In the morning. B. In the afternoon. C. In the evening. 2. Which team won this year? A. Green House. B. Blue House. C. Red House. 3. What does the man want to do? A. Change a shirt. B. Return a suit. C. Buy a tie. 4. What is the weather like on the island? A. Sunny. B. Stormy. C. Cloudy. 5. What is the man most probably? A. A doctor. B. A worker. C. A policeman. 第二节(共 15 小题;每小题 1.5 分,满分 22.5 分) 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的 A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将 有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时 间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题。 6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Host and guest. B. Police officer and criminal. C. Interviewer and interviewee. 7. What does the man try to do in the end? A. Give a promise. B. Make a complaint. C. Play a joke. 听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题。 8. Where is the station store? A. Beside the cafe. B. At the end of the North Street. C. Across from the health food shop. 9. What does the man want to buy? A. A box. B. An envelop. C. A stamp. 听第 8 段材料，回答第 10 至 12 题。 10. What do we know about the man? A. He gets hotel information on the Internet. B. He thinks it easy to get drama tickets. C. He loves seeing musicals very much. 11. What does the man mean in the end? A. The Hotel Ritz is in a convenient location. B. The woman can travel by car with him. C. He can act as the woman’s guide. 12. What are the speakers probably going to do? A. Take a trip to New York. B. Go to see a drama in Tokyo. C. Book a hotel near Broadway. 听第 9 段材料，回答第 13 至 16 题。 13. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Whether to buy a television. B. Where to buy a television. C. When to buy a television. 14. What is the original price of the flat-screen TV? A. $300. B. $400. C. $500. 15. What does the woman want to do? A. Compare the prices of TVs. B. See the video in the store. C. Figure out the time on the way. 16. What will the woman probably do next? A. Ring up Video Plus. B. Go to a gas station. C. Buy an MP4. 听第 10 段材料，回答第 17 至 20 题。 17. What is the speaker probably? A. A restaurant clerk. B. A fitness trainer. C. A tour guide. 18. Where will the guests have breakfast? A. In the kitchen. B. In the Green Room. C. In the Red Room. 19. When can the guests find the fitness trainer? A. From 9:00 a. m. to 4:00 p.m. B. From 7:00 a. m. to 10:00 p.m. C. From 10:00 a. m. to 7:00 p.m. 20. What can we learn from the talk? A. The hotel gym is open nine hours a day. B. Lunches and drinks are included in the price. C. The guests will have a different dinner on Saturday. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，15 小题，每题 2 分，满分 30 分） 第一节：（共 10 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 20 分） 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最 佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Berlin Tours Skip-the-line TV Tower Tour Seen from above Berlin is incredible as you can see both the former East and West, as well as get a bird-eye view of many of Berlin’s historic landmarks. Meet your guide at the base of the tower and skip the line to go straight inside and up to the observation deck--- the highest in Berlin! Private Gardens & Palaces of Potsdam Tour Potsdam is Berlin’s most popular day-trip destination and for good reason. It’s a suitable playground for biking with many Prussian people and Cold War sights located deep in parks and along quiet alleyways. Come and prepare for an action-filled day! We start by taking the train from our TV Tower shop for the over 25-km journey to Potsdam, where our bikes are waiting for you. Berlin City Bike Tour Our Berlin City Bike Tour is full of great Berlin sites and fascinating anecdotes delivered by our engaging guides. We have been perfecting the tour for more than ten years! You’ll have great fun while touring at an easy pace. There is plenty of time for taking pictures, and even a great break at one of our favorite beer gardens! Berlin City Segway Tour Segways are an exciting way to explore any city, and our tour is sure to impress! You don’t need experience with Segways to join the tour as we will start all tours with a comprehensive training session to make sure everyone is safe and happy on tour. We will then take you to the must-see sites. Your memorable experience on tour will surely make your friends jealous! 1. Which tour is the best choice if you want to view the city from above? A. Berlin City Bike Tour. B. Berlin City Segway Tour. C. Private gardens & Palaces of Potsdam Tour. D. Skip-the-line TV Tower Tour. 2. What do you think of Berlin City Bike Tour? A. Funny. B. Relaxing. C. Perfect. D. Challenging. 3. What do we know about Berlin City Segway Tour? A. You’ll have fun safely during the tour. B. Experience with Segways is a must. C. You will start by taking the train. D. You’ll be trained before joining the tour. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了柏林旅游中的几个特色旅游项目。 【1 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一个小标题 Skip-the-line TV Tower Tour 下的“Seen from above Berlin is incredible as you can see both the former East and West, as well as get a bird-eye view of many of Berlin’s historic landmarks.（从高空俯瞰柏林是难以置信的，因为你可以同时看到前东部和 西部，以及鸟瞰许多柏林的历史地标。）”可知如果想俯瞰城市，最佳的选择是参加无线电视 塔之旅。故选 D。 【2 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三个小标题 Berlin City Bike Tour 下的“You’ll have great fun while touring at an easy pace. There is plenty of time for taking pictures, and even a great break at one of our favorite beer gardens!（你会在轻松的巡演中获得极大的乐趣。有足够的时间拍照，甚至可以 在我们最喜欢的啤酒花园休息一下！）”可知柏林自行车之旅是比较休闲放松的。故选 B。 【3 题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四个小标题 Berlin City Segway Tour 下的“You don’t need experience with Segways to join the tour as we will start all tours with a comprehensive training session to make sure everyone is safe and happy on tour.（你不需要有赛格威的经验来加入旅行团，因为我们将 以全面的培训课程开始所有的旅行团，以确保每个人都是安全和快乐的旅行。）”可知柏林城 市赛格威旅游会确保人们安全快乐地旅游。故选 A。 B Every day around the world, thousands of people with little to no scholarly training in art history walk into museums. They may or may not read notice boards that share relevant information of the artworks or artists. Imagine, before being permitted to direct their eyeballs to the art on the walls, museum visitors were required to read a 15-or 20-page introduction to each piece or each artist. How many people would go to museums if that were the case? Yet this seems to be the expectation when it comes to reading classic literature. Classic novels typically come with 15-or 20-page introductions, which often include spoilers, assuming that readers do not come to classic books to discover, be absorbed in, and be surprised by the story world. Also, apparently, we mustn't read classics alone, without experts guiding our experiences. However, classic literature is in a unique position to show us that we' re not alone in our pains and joys. By taking us out of our time, classic books free us to see beyond the set of beliefs we stick to and to connect human experiences that remain alive across time and place. What could be more grounding, more comforting, than seeing ourselves in the battles, longings, and pleasures that have played out across hundreds, thousands of years of human history? Our personal engagement is the first step of a longer journey of discovery that deepens our knowledge and understanding of ourselves and our world. We may for example, feel for Hester Prynne from Nathaniel Hawthorne's The Scarlet Letter though we despair of the world she lived in. While we're letting go of things, let's stop worrying about understanding everything. We can't. It will be fun if we embrace curiosity, the pleasure of working out a mystery, and our common relationships as humans. We can feel, for example, the power of self-sacrifice in Charles Dickens'A Tale of Two Cities even when we lack full understanding of the cultural references and language. 4. Most museum goers_________. A. lack professional art knowledge B. understand the artworks well C. enjoy reading notice boards D. share common interest in artworks 5. What can the "spoilers" in Para. 2 possibly be? A. Story writers B. Readers' expectations. C. Plots given away in advance D. Guiding experts 6. What prevents readers enjoying reading classics? A. Showing curiosity about the writers B. Letting go of things. C. Working out mysteries. D. Trying to understanding everything. 7. What message is mainly conveyed in the passage? A. We should find more fun from classics. B. Classic literature benefits readers a great deal C. Experts need to give readers better guidance. D. Reading classics is a personal exploration. 【答案】4. A 5. C 6. D 7. D 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章指出在人们日益缺乏专业艺术知识的今天，古典文学通过把我们从自 身所处时代抽离出来，让我们能够看到我们所坚持的信念之外的东西。作者认为我们应该放 下一些事情、停止担心去理解所有的事情，多阅读古典文学，并将它变成一次探索自我的过 程。 【4 题详解】 推理判断题。第一段第三句“Imagine, before being permitted to direct their eyeballs to the art on the walls, museum visitors were required to read a 15- or 20-page introduction to each piece or each artist. How many people would go to museums if that were the case?（ 想象一下，在允许 参观者将目光投向墙上的艺术品之前，博物馆要求参观者阅读一份 15 至 20 页的介绍，介绍 每一件作品或每一位艺术家。如果是这样的话，有多少人会去博物馆呢？）”可知，大多数 人缺少专业的艺术知识。故选 A。 【5 题详解】 词义猜测题。根据后文“assuming that readers do not come to classic books to discover, be absorbed in, and be surprised by the story world（假设读者读经典小说不是为了发现、沉浸其 中并对故事世界感到惊讶。）”即可推测上文中 spoilers 应与后文 discover 和 surprised 词义 相反，意思应为“剧透（透露与电影、书籍或者游戏内容有关的信息。）”的意思，故选 C。 【6 题详解】 推 理 判 断 题 。 根 据 最 后 一 段 “While we’re letting go of things, let’s stop worrying about understanding everything. We can’t. It will be fun if we embrace curiosity, the pleasure of working out a mystery, and our common relationships as humans.”（当我们放下一些事情的时候，让我 们停止担心去理解所有的事情。我们不能。如果我们拥有好奇心、解开谜团的乐趣，以及我 们作为人类的共同关系，那将会很有趣。）即尝试去明白一切事情的心理让读者们无法喜欢 上阅读古典作品。故选 D。 【7 题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段倒数第二句“Our personal engagement is the first step of a longer journey of discovery that deepens our knowledge and understanding of ourselves and our world.” （我们的私人参与是一个更长的发现之旅的第一步，这个发现之旅会加深我们对自己和世界 的认识和理解。）可知文章想要传递的信息是阅读古典文学是一次私人的探索旅程。故选 D。 C New research linked outdoor air pollution to an increased risk of diabetes (糖尿病) globally, according to a study from Washington University in St. Louis and the Veterans Affairs (VA) St. Louis Health Care System. The findings raised the possibility that reducing pollution might lead to a drop in diabetes cases. “Our research shows a significant link between air pollution and diabetes globally,” said Ziyad Al-Aly, a professor at Washington University. “We found an increased risk, even at low levels of air pollution currently considered safe by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the World Health Organization (WHO). This is important because many industry groups argue that current levels are too strict. Evidence shows that current levels are still not sufficiently safe and need tightening.” The findings were published on June 29 in The Lancet Planetary Health. To evaluate outdoor air pollution, the researchers looked at small pieces of dust, smoke and liquid droplets. In diabetes, pollution was thought to reduce insulin (胰岛素) production and prevent the body from changing blood glucose (葡萄糖) into energy that the body needed to maintain health. The researchers also found that poverty-stricken countries faced a higher diabetes-pollution risk including Afghanistan, Papua New Guinea and Guyana, while richer countries such as France, Finland and Iceland experienced a lower risk. The US experienced a middle risk of pollution-related diabetes. In the US, the EPA’s pollution limit was 12 micrograms per cubic meter of air, the highest level of air pollution considered safe for the public, as was set by the Clean Air Act of 1990 and was updated in 2012. However, using mathematical models, Al-Aly’s team set an increased diabetes risk at 2.4 micrograms per cubic meter of air. Based on VA data, among a sample of citizens exposed to pollution at a level of between 5 to 10 micrograms per cubic meter of air, about 21 percent developed diabetes. “The team in St. Louis is doing important research to firm up links between pollution and health conditions such as diabetes,” said commission member Philip J. Landrigan, MD, a pediatrician and epidemiologist at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York. “I believe their research will have a significant global effect.” 8. What can we know from the first two paragraphs? A. Diabetes had little to do with outdoor air pollution. B. Reducing pollution might lead to a lot of diabetes cases. C. Air pollution contributed significantly to diabetes globally. D. Low-level air pollution was always considered safe by WHO. 9. How did the researchers assess the air pollution? A. By reducing insulin production. B. By analyzing small matter in the air. C. By connecting diabetes and pollution. D. By checking blood glucose in the body. 10. Why does the author list some figures in paragraph 5? A. To present a result. B. To support his idea. C. To make a comparison. D. To draw a conclusion. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了通过研究发现糖尿病患病率与污染有重要关系。 【8 题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中“ The findings raised the possibility that reducing pollution might lead to a drop in diabetes cases.”（这些发现提高了减少污染可能会导致糖尿病病例的下降的可能 性。）可知，污染和糖尿病例是有着一定关系的，所以 A 项 Diabetes had little to do with outdoor air pollution.（糖尿病与户外空气污染没关系。）错误 ；同时 B 项 Reducing pollution might lead to a lot of diabetes cases.（减少污染也会导致大量的糖尿病病例。）与原文文意不符，所以错 误 。 又 根 据 文 中 “Our research shows a significant link between air pollution and diabetes globally.”（我们的研究表明空气污染与全球糖尿病有着重要关系。）可知 C 项 Air pollution contributed significantly to diabetes globally.（空气污染对全球糖尿病发病有重要影响。）正确； 根据文中“even at low levels of air pollution currently considered safe by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and the World Health Organization (WHO).”（即使是 EPA 和 WHO 组织现阶段认为的安全的低水平的空气污染。）可知 D 项 Low-level air pollution was always considered safe by WHO.（低水平污染总是被 WHO 认为是安全的，与文章不符，文章中只 是说现在，所以 D 项错误。故选 C 项。 【9 题详解】 细节理解题。根据文中“To evaluate outdoor air pollution, the researchers looked at small pieces of dust, smoke and liquid droplets.”（为了评估室外空气污染，研究者观察了小块的灰土，烟 和液体飞沫。）可知，研究者评估空气污染是通过分析空气中的小物质，故选 B 项。 【10 题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段数据展示，美国 1990 设定的污染限制到 2012 再次将污染限制更新 后，已经是美国公认的安全了，但是通过 Al-Aly 的团队的发现，将患糖尿病的风险设定为 每立方米空气 2.4 微克，但是后来在每立方米空气污染水平为 5 至 10 微克的公民样本中， 约有 21% 患上了糖尿病。所以根据第五段数据展示，作者是想要证明第四段最后一句话 “The US experienced a middle risk of pollution-related diabetes.”（美国经历了污染引起糖尿 病的中度风险。）的这个观点，故选 B 项。 第二节：任务型阅读（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Earlier this year I removed all Internet services from my home, which was very upsetting at first, but I have lived that way. ____11____ I was not content with the time I was wasting—I felt I could do more purposeful things than spend it on the Internet. If there is something I want to research on the Internet. I write it down and use that list when I have Internet access, ____12____ I’ll go to the office, the library, the coffee shop, or some other place with free public Wi-Fi, and work on what I need to do online. ____13____ I log on (登录) to watch some videos or laugh at funny pictures, but I go on the Internet with the intention of doing these things. Whenever I’m on the Internet now, I use it in a deliberate way, a way that benefits me and my life, and a way that adds value. ____14____ I could focus on writing without being disturbed. I have more time to read, to write, to think, to exercise and to walk. Because I’ m out of the house and there are people around. I meet new people. Additionally, I have more time for friends and I feel less stressed and my thoughts are clearer. My mind is more focused on important things. ____15____ Plus, I no longer long for the Internet like I once did. It will be upsetting at first, but you will live, and your life will be better without it. A. I don ’t have a monthly Internet bill. B. Now the Internet is a tool I use to improve my life. C. Now I’m forced to leave the house to get the Internet. D. This doesn’t mean I think the Internet is bad or wrong. E. Since I got rid of the Internet at home I’ve found so many benefits. F. Here are some of my tips to use the Internet in a more productive way. G. It ended up being the most productive and wisest decision I’ve ever made. 【答案】11. G 12. C 13. B 14. E 15. A 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者原来在互联网上花费大量时间看视频和搞笑图片，现在他只在需要时 才有目的地上网，这使他能出去做很多其它事，也叫他更能集中注意力，他认为生活变得更 好了。 【11 题详解】 设空句的前一句为 I have lived that way. 我一直用这种方式生活。接着应该是评价他不再在 家上网的意义。设空句的下文分几段详细讲述了这种改变和改变带来的好处以及改变能够避 免的问题。选项 G 这最终成为我做过的最有成效、最明智的决定。既是承接上句，也能引 启下文，切题，故选 G。 【12 题详解】 由上文 Earlier this year I removed all Internet services from my home 可知，作者家里不再有互 联网了，所以他必须要上网时，他要找到能上网的地方，由下文 I’ll go to the office, the library, the coffee shop, or some other place with free public Wi-Fi, and work on what I need to do online. 可知，这些办公室、咖啡店或其它一些能公共免费上网的地方，不是他家里，他要先离开家， 再到这些地方，选项 C 现在我被迫离开家去找到能上网的地方。切题，故选 C。 【13 题详解】 设空句为段首句，引领段落，应该符合段落大意。由 I use it in a deliberate way, a way that benefits me and my life, and a way that adds value.可知，这段的大意是作者只把互联网当作一 种能对自己和自己生活产生有利影响的方式，一种能增加价值的方式。把互联网不利的一面 给排除了。选项 B 现在互联网是用来提高我生活的一种工具。切题，故选 B。 【14 题详解】 设空句后的 I could focus on writing without being disturbed. I have more time to read, to write, to think, to exercise and to walk.是作者不再在家里上网后的有益的各种变化，选项 E 自从我 不在家里上网，我发现了很多好处。能够引启下文，切题，故选 E。 【15 题详解】 设空句后的 Plus，说明是对设空句所述内容的增加。意为：我不再像以前那样渴望上网了。 选项 A 我不再有每月的互联网帐单。选项 A 与它的下一句都是不在家上网，不会发生的事， 上下文语境一致，切题，故选 A。 【点睛】七选五题目中要利用上下文中相关词汇的线索，帮助确定答案。第 5 小题的设空句 的下一句开头的 plus 意为“也，还有”，就给了很好的解题线索，说明设空句与这一句是 同一性质的内容，这一句是在设空句的基础上又多的一种情况，只要搞明白这一句语义，这 一句语义是：我不再像以前那样渴望上网了。七个选项中只有选项 A 也是具有否定意义的 句子，可以照此找到答案 A。 第三部分 英语知识运用 第一节： 完形填空 （共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分， 共 30 分） Luis Escobar, a coach at St. Joseph High in Santa Maria, was just looking for a fun idea to change the practice for his summer program. ___16___, he took 14 runners from his school to the local animal shelter, and paired them with 14 dogs. “When I first ___17___ the idea there were a lot of eye rolls,” he said. ___18___, it is a group of high schoolers. The group got a bit excited when they were told the run would ___19___ as part of their community service requirement that everyone at their high school has to meet. Then once the students saw the dogs, they immediately became just more ___20___. “I wasn't sure who was more excited,” he said, “the ___21___ or the dogs.” After a short ___22___, the group went for a mile and a half run. Escobar ___23___ the amazing practice and posted the video online - as he does with many of the different ___24___ he does with his team. It spread quickly and was ____25____ by millions of people on social media. There were thousands of ____26____ and it was quickly picked up by local news. Escobar was ____27____. “I wonder why this is happening,” he said. “I ____28____ everyone's looking for something good.” Soon many coaches have called Escobar asking about how they can ____29____ similar runs with their teams. And a dog equipment company has donated new harnesses (背带牵引绳) to the ____30____ so the dogs can go for a more comfortable ____31____. And there was more good ____32____. Fred, who ran with Josh, one of the 14 high school runners, became a ____33____ dog - his story had the happiest ending. After the run, Josh convinced his mom that their family needed to ____34____ him. “Once he was just this little dog ____35____ in a metal cage,” Escobar said. “And now he's at home with Josh and his family.” 16. A. Otherwise B. Instead C. Therefore D. However 17. A. changed B. rejected C. presented D. knew 18. A. In particular B. In fact C. As usual D. After all 19. A. count B. adore C. possess D. occupy 20. A. ambitious B. thoughtful C. faithful D. enthusiastic 21. A. trainers B. employees C. kids D. teachers 22. A. hesitation B. introduction C. competition D. evaluation 23. A. filmed B. watched C. supported D. required 24. A. tricks B. games C. studies D. activities. 25. A. challenged B. shared C. researched D. blamed 26. A. comments B. refusals C. complaints D. demands 27. A. relaxed B. shocked C. disappointed D. embarrassed 28. A. declare B. guarantee C. guess D. prove 29. A. figure out B. get through C. respond to D. participate in 30. A. shelter B. community C. government D. family 31. A. job B. team C. run D. journey 32. A. news B. life C. experience D. practice 33. A. lovely B. wild C. clumsy D. lucky 34. A. trust B. adopt C. encourage D. comfort 35. A. wandering B. trembling C. thinking D. dancing 【答案】16. C 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. D 21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. B 35. B 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述一位学校教练将 14 名学生和收容所的狗组队进行跑步并录 制视频发布在网站，引起了人们的分享和关注，最终还发生了收容所狗被收养的好事。 【16 题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以，他从他的学校里带了 14 名跑步者去当地的动物收容所， 并且将他们和 14 只狗进行组队。A. Otherwise 否则；B. Instead 相反；C. Therefore 因此， 所以；D. However 然而，可是。 前一句“Luis Escobar, a coach at St. Joseph High in Santa Maria, was just looking for a fun idea to change the practice for his summer program.”表达的是 Luis Escobar，一位圣马利亚市圣约瑟夫高中的教练，正在为他的暑期项目寻找改变训练的 有趣方法。由此可见，前一句 “寻找改变训练的有趣方法”和本句的“挑选跑步者和狗组 队”之间是因果关系。选项 C. Therefore 因此，所以，表示因果关系，符合语境。故选 C。 【17 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我第一次描述这个想法的时候，遭到了很多白眼。A. changed 改变；B. rejected 拒绝；C. presented 描述，展现；D. knew 知道，了解。由第三段的第一 句 “The group got a bit excited when they were told the run would ___4___ as part of their community service requirement that everyone at their high school has to meet.”可知，当他们被 告知此次跑步将算入在高中阶段他们每个人都必须满足的社区服务里的一部分的时候，这组 成员变得非常兴奋。由此可见，当我第一次告诉他们这个跑步想法的时候，他们是翻白眼的。 选项 C. presented 描述，展现，和第三段第一句中的 told 相呼应，符合语境。故选 C。 【18 题详解】 考查介词词组词义辨析。句意：毕竟，这是一组高中生。A. In particular 尤其，特别；B. In fact 实际上；C. As usual 像往常一样；D. After all 毕竟。由前一句““When I first ___2___ the idea there were a lot of eye rolls,” he said.”可知，他说，“当我第一次描述这个想法的时候， 遭到了很多白眼。”本句“这是一组高中生”是对前一句“遭到很多白眼”的让步。选项 D. After all 毕竟，表示的是一种让步关系，符合语境。故选 D。 【19 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们被告知此次跑步将算入在高中阶段他们每个人都必须满足 的社区服务里的一部分的时候，这组成员变得非常兴奋。A. count 把……算入，包括；B. adore 崇拜，爱慕；C. possess 拥有，控制；D. occupy 占用，占领。由本句中的“as part of their community service requirement that everyone at their high school has to meet.”可知，作为每个 人在他们高中必须满足的社区服务要求的一部分。由此可见，此次跑步算入到社区服务要求， 这群高中生才变得兴奋。选项 A. count 把……算入，符合语境。故选 A。 【20 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后这些学生一见到这些狗，他们立即变得更加热情。A. ambitious 野心勃勃的；B. thoughtful 深思的，体贴的；C. faithful 忠诚的；D. enthusiastic 狂 热的，热情的。前一句“The group got a bit excited when they were told the run would ___4___ as part of their community service requirement that everyone at their high school has to meet.”表 达的是，当他们被告知此次跑步将算入在高中阶段他们每个人都必须满足的社区服务里的一 部分的时候，这组成员变得非常兴奋。选项 D. enthusiastic 狂热的，热情的，和前一句中的 “a bit excited”相呼应，符合语境。故选 D。 【21 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说，“我不确定谁更兴奋，是小孩还是狗。”A. trainers 训练 员；B. employees 员工；C. kids 小孩；D. teachers 教师。由第二段的最后一句“it is a group of high schoolers.”这是一组高中生。由此可见，教练不确定是这组学生还是狗更兴奋。选 项 C. kids 小孩，符合语境。故选 C。 【22 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在简短的介绍之后，这组成员进行了一英里半的跑步。A. hesitation 犹豫；B. introduction 介绍；C. competition 竞争；D. evaluation 评价。由后半句“the group went for a mile and a half run.”可知，这组成员进行了一英里半的跑步。由此可见，在简短 的介绍完跑步之后，这组成员才开始跑步。选项 B. introduction 介绍，符合语境。故选 B。 【23 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Escobar 录制了这次令人惊讶的训练并且将这个视频公布在网上- 正如他处理很多他和他的团队一起做的不同的活动一样。A. filmed 把……拍成电影；B. watched 观看；C. supported 支持；D. required 需要。由后半部分“and posted the video online”可知，把这个视频公布在网上。由此可见，Escobar 是录制了这次训练。选项 A. filmed 把……拍成电影，符合语境。故选 A。 【24 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Escobar 录制了这次令人惊讶的训练并且将这个视频公布在网上- 正如他处理很多他和他的团队一起做的不同的活动一样。A. tricks 诡计；B. games 游戏， 比赛；C. studies 学习；D. activities 活动。由前半部分“Escobar ___8___ the amazing practice and posted the video online”可知，Escobar 录制了这次令人惊讶的训练并且将这个视频公布 在网上。由此可见，Escobar 和他的团队一起做了很多像这次训练的活动。选项 D. activities 活动，和前半部分的“the amazing practice”相呼应，都是属于活动的类型，符合语境。故 选 D。 【25 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它迅速传播，并且在社交媒体被数以百万的人分享。A. challenged 挑战；B. shared 分享；C. researched 研究；D. blamed 谴责。前半部分“It spread quickly” 和后半部分“and was ___10___ by millions of people on social media.”之间是并列关系，前半 部分“It spread quickly”表示的是它迅速传播。由此可见，后半部分也是在表示传播很快的 情况。选项 B. shared 分享，符合语境。故选 B。 【26 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有成千上万条评论并且它很快就被当地的新闻报道选中。A. comments 评论；B. refusals 拒绝；C. complaints 抱怨；D. demands 需求。由前一句“It spread quickly and was ___10___ by millions of people on social media.”可知，它迅速传播，并且在 社交媒体被数以百万的人分享。由此可见，这个视频在数以百万人分享过程中也会有评论。 选项 A. comments 评论，符合语境。故选 A。 【27 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Escobar 感到震惊的。A. relaxed 放松的；B. shocked 震惊的； C. disappointed 失望的；D. embarrassed 尴尬的。由后一句““I wonder why this is happening,” he said.”可知，他说，“我感到诧异为什么这会发生。”由此可见，Escobar 是感到震惊的。 选项 B. shocked 震惊的，和后一句的 wonder 相呼应，符合语境。故选 B。 【28 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我猜测每个人都在寻找美好的事物。A. declare 宣布，声明；B. guarantee 保证，担保；C. guess 猜测；D. prove 证明。由前一句““I wonder why this is happening,””可知，我感到诧异为什么这会发生。由此可见，Escobar 也不清楚原因，猜测 是因为每个人都在寻找美好的事物。选项 C. guess 猜测，符合语境。故选 C。 【29 题详解】 考查动词词组词义辨析。句意：不久很多教练打电话给 Escobar 询问他们怎样能够和他们的 团队一起参加类似的跑步。A. figure out 解决；B. get through 通过；C. respond to 响应；D. participate in 参加。由后一句“And a dog equipment company has donated new harnesses (背带 牵引绳) to the ___15___ so the dogs can go for a more comfortable ___16___.”可知，并且，一 个狗设备公司已经给收容所捐赠了新的背带牵引绳，所以狗能够进行一次更舒服的奔跑。后 一句和本句是并列关系，后一句表达的是狗设备公司的捐赠，让狗能继续参与这样的跑步活 动。由此可见，本句也是关于教练门如何参与跑步活动的内容。选项 D. participate in 参加， 符合语境。故选 D。 【30 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且，一个狗设备公司已经给收容所捐赠了新的背带牵引绳，所 以狗能够进行一次更舒服的奔跑。A. shelter 收容所；B. community 社区；C. government 政 府；D. family 家庭。由第一段的最后一句“he took 14 runners from his school to the local animal shelter, and paired them with 14 dogs.”可知，他从他的学校里带了 14 名跑步者去当地 的动物收容所，并且将他们和 14 只狗进行组队。由此可见，狗设备公司给狗所在的收容所 捐赠了新的背带牵引绳。选项 A. shelter 收容所，符合语境。故选 A。 【31 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且，一个狗设备公司已经给收容所捐赠了新的背带牵引绳，所 以狗能够进行一次更舒服的奔跑。A. job 工作；B. team 团队；C. run 跑步；D. journey 旅 程。由第一段的最后一句“he took 14 runners from his school to the local animal shelter, and paired them with 14 dogs.”和第五段的第一句“After a short ___7___, the group went for a mile and a half run.”可知，他从他的学校里带了 14 名跑步者去当地的动物收容所，并且将 他们和 14 只狗进行组队。经过简短的介绍之后，这个团队进行了一英里半的跑步。由此可 见，狗狗获得新的背带牵引绳，能够进行一次更舒服的奔跑。选项 C. run 跑步，符合语境。 故选 C。 【32 题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：并且有更好的消息。A. news 消息；B. life 生活；C. experience 经 历；D. practice 练习。由第七段的第二句“Fred, who ran with Josh, one of the 14 high school runners, became a ___18___ dog - his story had the happiest ending.”和第三句“After the run, Josh convinced his mom that their family needed to ___19___ him.”可知，Fred 和 Josh，这 14 名高中生跑步者之一一起跑步，成为了一个幸运的狗，它的故事有一个最幸福的结局。在此 次跑步之后，Josh 说服他的妈妈，他们家人需要收养它。由此可见，Fred 这条狗最终被收 养，这是一个好的消息。选项 A. news 消息，符合语境。故选 A。 【33 题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Fred 和 Josh，这 14 名高中生跑步者之一一起跑步，成为了一 个幸运的狗，它的故事有一个最幸福的结局。A. lovely 可爱的；B. wild 野蛮的；C. clumsy 笨拙的；D. lucky 幸运的。由后半部分“his story had the happiest ending.”和后一句“After the run, Josh convinced his mom that their family needed to ___19___ him.”可知，它的故事有 一个最幸福的结局。在此次跑步之后，Josh 说服他的妈妈，他们家人需要收养它。由此可见， 这只狗在最后被收养，这种幸福的结局是一种幸运。选项 D. lucky 幸运的，符合语境。故 选 D。 【34 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此次跑步之后，Josh 说服他的妈妈，他们家人需要收养它。A. trust 信任；B. adopt 收养；C. encourage 鼓舞；D. comfort 安慰，舒适。由最后一段的最后 一句““And now he's at home with Josh and his family.””可知，现在它和 Josh 以及他的家人 一起在家。由此可见，Josh 家人收养了它。选项 B. adopt 收养，符合语境。故选 B。 【35 题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：曾经它只是这样一条小狗，在一个金属笼子里面发抖。A. wandering 漫步；B. trembling 颤抖，发抖；C. thinking 思考；D. dancing 跳舞。由后一句“And now he's at home with Josh and his family.”可知，那么现在它和 Josh 以及他的家人一起在家里。由此 可见，曾经它是这样一条小狗，在金属笼子里发抖。和后一句描述的现在幸福情况相比较。 选项 B. trembling 颤抖，发抖，符合语境。故选 B。 第二节 语法填空(共 10 小题；每小题 1. 5 分，满分 15 分) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 According to Xinhua News Agency, the Palace Museum and Huawei signed a strategic cooperation agreement on March 15. The two sides will set an example ___36___ 5G application. The Palace Museum received more than 17 million visitors in 2018, ___37___(make) it the most visited museum in the world. In the past 20 years, an office information network covering the whole museum ___38___(build) gradually. The museum has developed an App that provides an in-depth ___39___(explain) of cultural relic information and cultural services. Also, the museum has research on the application of VR, AR, AI and other ___40___(technique) in museums. ___41___signing of the agreement marks a new chapter in the strategic cooperation between the Palace Museum and Huawei Technologies Co. So, Huawei will make efforts ___42___(accelerate) the intelligent construction of the Palace Museum. "The 600-year-old Palace Museum has never been so close to science and technology," Shan Jixiang said ___43___(proud), director of the Palace Museum. Shan shared many ideas about the 5G Palace Museum. With the help of advanced technology, ___44___is expected that in the future, audiences around the world will be able to experience and visit the Palace Museum, whether it is a field trip or a virtual tour. Also, the use of AI technology provides a ___45___(broad) platform and stronger knowledge support for cultural relics among young people. 【答案】36. to/for 37. making 38. has been built 39. explanation 40. techniques 41. The 42. to accelerate 43. proudly 44. it 45. broader 【解析】 本文是一篇说明文，介绍了故宫博物院和华为签署的 5G 应用的战略合作协议以及签署该协 议的意义。 【36 题详解】 考查介词。句意：双方将为 5G 应用树立榜样。set an example to/for 表示“为……树立榜样”， 故填 to/for。 【37 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：2017 年，故宫博物院接待游客超过 1700 万人次，成为世界上参观 人数最多的博物馆。The Palace Museum 与 make 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，表示主动，用 现在分词作结果状语，故填 making。 【38 题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：在过去 20 年里，一个覆盖整个博物馆的办公信息网络逐步建立起来。 根据时间状语 In the past 20 years 判断用现在完成时，network 与 build 之间是被动关系，所 以用现在完成时的被动语态，故填 has been built。 【39 题详解】 考查名词。句意：博物馆开发了一款 App，对文物信息和文化服务进行深入讲解。作动词 provides 的宾语用名词，故填 explanation。 【40 题详解】 考查名词。句意：博物馆还对 VR, AR, AI 以及其他技术在博物馆中的应用进行研究。other 修饰可数名词复数，故填 techniques。 【41 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：该协议的签署标志着故宫博物院与华为技术有限公司战略合作的新篇章。 此处特指上文提到的故宫博物院和华为签署的应用 5G 网络的战略合作协议，故填定冠词 The。 【42 题详解】 考查不定式。句意：因此，华为将努力加快故宫博物院的智能化建设。此处表示目的，用不 定式作目的状语，故填 to accelerate。 【43 题详解】 考查副词。句意：“拥有 600 年历史的故宫从未如此地接近科学技术”，故宫博物院院长单 霁翔自豪地说。修饰动词 said 用副词，故填 proudly。 【44 题详解】 考查形式主语。句意：在先进技术的帮助下，预计将来世界各地的游客都能体验和参观故宫。 分析句子结构可知此处用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句，故填 it。 【45 题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：另外，人工智能技术的应用为青少年文物保护提供了更广阔的平 台和更有力的知识支持。与 stronger 并列此处用形容词比较级形式，故填 broader。 第四部分 写作 第一节 单词拼写（共 10 小题，每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 根据各句句意和汉语提示词，在答题卡的对应位置写出单词的正确形式，每空只写一词。 46. He stood up suddenly,_______(打翻) a cup of coffee on my shirt.（根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】upsetting 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：他突然站起来，打翻了一杯咖啡，弄脏了我的衬衫。根据汉语 提示“打翻”，可知是动词 upset，又分析句子结构，句中有谓语，空前没有连词连接，所 以空处是非谓语，是用现在分词作状语，又与主语是主动关系，故填 upsetting。 47. The police are trying to discover the _______(身份) of the suspect. （根据汉语提示单词拼 写） 【答案】identity 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：警察正在调查嫌疑犯的身份。根据汉语提示“身份”可知，用名词 identity，空前有定冠词 the，且空处名词是可数名词，又因为空处所在是 A of B 的结构，所 以需要根据空后 of 后的名词数的情况来决定空处名词的单复数，the suspect 是单数，所以空 处也是名词单数形式，故填 identity。 48. He succeeded in ______(说服) the strange man not to make noises. （根据汉语提示单词拼 写） 【答案】persuading 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他成功地说服了那个陌生人不要制造噪音。根据汉语提示， “说服”可译为 persuade，分析句子结构可知，“______ (说服) the strange man not to make noises”作介词 in 的宾语，故应用动名词形式，故填 persuading。 49. With so many people ______(掩埋) under the mine, none of the rescue workers would stop to have a rest. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】buried 【解析】 【详解】考查过去分词。句意：这么多人被埋在矿井下面，没有一个救援人员会停下来休息。 分析可知空格所在的部分是 with 复合结构作状语，故“掩埋(bury)”这一动词要使用其非谓语 形式，people 与 bury 之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词，作宾语补足语。故填 buried。 50. I would like to thank my friend, who has been _______(慷慨)with his time. （根据汉语提示 单词拼写） 【答案】generous 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：我要感谢我的朋友，他很慷慨地付出了他的时间。分析句子结 构可知，所设空处应作表语，故应用形容词形式，根据汉语提示，故填 generous。 51. He took a look at the horse and her heart _______(下沉). （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】sank/sunk 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时态。句意：他看了看马，她的心往下一沉。分析句子结构可知，该 句为 and 连接的并列句，所设空处作谓语，根据汉语提示，“下沉”可译为 sink，根据语境 可知，用一般过去时态，故填 sank/sunk。 52. Does the bank _______（收费）a fee for opening an account? （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】charge 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：银行开户收费吗？根据汉语提示“收费”可知应填入动词 charge， 本句为一般疑问句，故应使用动词原形，故填 charge。 53. ________(无论如何),different cultures have different customs. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】Anyhow/Anyway 【解析】 【详解】考查副词。句意：无论如何，不同的文化有不同的习俗。根据汉语提示“无论如何” 可知 应填 入副 词 anyhow 或 anyway 作状 语， 空处 位于 句首， 首字 母需 大写 ，故填 Anyhow/Anyway。 54. She________(感激)their coming to help her out. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】appreciated 【解析】 【详解】考查一般过去时态。句意：她感谢他们来帮她摆脱困境。分析句子成分可知，所设 空处作谓语，后跟“their coming”作宾语，根据汉语提示，“感激”可译为 appreciate，根 据句意可知，用一般过去时态，故填 appreciated。 55. I am still not ________（熟悉）with the work. （根据汉语提示单词拼写） 【答案】familiar 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我对此项工作依然不太熟悉。be familiar with 是一个固定短 语，意为：对……熟悉，空格前已有 be 动词 am。故填 familiar。 第二节 短文改错（每小题 1 分，满分 10 分） 56. 文中共有 10 处语言错误。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加上一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。 2．只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不记分。 “Welcome to the Arctic,” the guide said, as we jumped onto the runway. Both of we were a little surprised by the fact which the temperature was extremely low. Kiruna was most northern town in Sweden, 144 kilometers above the Arctic Circle. Around us, forest covering by snow spread away for nearly 390,000 square kilometers. A strong wind shakes the cabin as we landed on. We had been travelling from Denver for 18 hour. “Tell me again,” I asked my wife, Kim, “Why are we coming to the Arctic in winter?” “Just to seeing the wonderful view.” she answered cheerful. She loves the cold, but she says—it wakes her up. 【答案】we→us which→that 添加 the covering→covered shakes→shook 去掉 on hour→hours seeing→see cheerful→cheerfully but→and 【解析】 【分析】 本文为记叙文。作者讲述了与妻子到北极旅行的经历见闻。 【详解】1.考查人称代词宾格。句意：我们俩都有点惊讶于温度是如此之低（这个事实）。 根据其前的介词 of 可知，人称代词应用宾格形式，故将 we 改为 us。 2.考查同位语从句。句意见上。分析句子结构可知，“the temperature was extremely low”与 the fact 为同位关系，故为同位语从句，该从句中句子结构完整，所以应用 that 引导，故将 which 改为 that。 3.考查冠词。句意：Kiruna 是瑞典最北部的城镇，距北极圈 144 公里。根据句意可知，此处 “most northern town in Sweden（瑞典最北部的城镇）”为最高级形式，其前应用定冠词， 故添加 the。 4.考查过去分词。句意：在我们周围，积雪覆盖的森林绵延了近 39 万平方公里。分析句子 成分可知，“covering by snow”部分作后置定语，根据句意，“cover(覆盖)”与其前名词 “forest(森林)”之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式，故将 covering 改为 covered。 5.考查一般过去时态。句意：我们着陆时，一阵强风吹动了船舱。根据上下文语境及该句时 间状语从句“…as we landed …”可知，用一般过去时态，故将 shakes 改为 shook。 6.考查不及物动词。句意：我们着陆时，一阵强风吹动了船舱。 “land(着陆)”为不及物动 词，分析该句结构可知，其后不跟宾语，所以其后介词 on 多余，故将 on 去掉。 7.考查名词复数。句意：我们从丹佛出发已经旅行了 18 个小时。根据其前的定语“18”可 知，此处应用名词复数，故将 hour 改为 hours。 8.考查不定式。句意：“只是为了看看美丽的风景。” 她愉快地回答。根据句意逻辑，此 处表目的，所以应用不定式形式，故将 seeing 改为 see。 9.考查副词。句意：“只是为了看看美丽的风景。”她愉快地回答。分析句子可知，此处修 饰动词“answered”作状语，应用副词形式，故将 cheerful 改为 cheerfully。 10.考查并列连词。句意：她喜欢寒冷，她说寒冷能让她清醒。根据句意逻辑可知，两个分 句之间为并列和顺承关系，故将 but 改为 and。 第三节 书面表达（满分 25 分） 57. 假定你是李华，你的外籍朋友 Henry 来信说最近学校放假在家学习，但总觉得压力过大， 无法集中精力学习，为此感到非常苦恼，因此想向你寻求建议。请你给他写一封回信，内容 要点如下： 1. 表示理解并给予安慰； 2. 提出建议并说明理由。 注意：1. 词数 100 词左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Henry, I’m sorry to hear that you’re having a bad time at the moment. The truth is that everyone will experience such a time now and then, so there is no need to worry too much. The following are my suggestions. To begin with, when it is really hard to focus on studying, just go outdoors and have fun with your friends for a time. It is a good way to relieve stress. Secondly, divide your study content into small parts and make a time schedule before starting again, which could help you to concentrate. Last but not least, in order not to get distracted by the Internet, it would be beneficial to put your phone and other electronic devices away. I hope you will find these suggestions helpful. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给外籍朋友 Henry 写封邮件，针对 Henry 出现的总觉得 压力过大，无法集中精力学习，为此感到非常苦恼给出考生自己的建议。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和少量一般将来时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 表示理解并给予安慰； 2. 提出建议并说明理由。 第二步：列提纲（重点词组） be sorry to hear that; at the moment; there is no need to do; focus on; have fun with sb; It is a good way to do sth. 第三步：连词成句 1. I’m sorry to hear that you’re having a bad time at the moment. 2. So there is no need to worry too much. 3. To begin with, when it is really hard to focus on studying, just go outdoors and have fun with your friends for a time. 4.It is a good way to relieve stress. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 1.表文章结构顺序：To begin with; Secondly; Last but not least 2.表因果关系：so 3.表并列关系：and 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Secondly, divide your study content into small parts and make a time schedule before starting again, which could help you to concentrate.（由 which 引导的非限制性 定语从句） [高分句型 2] Last but not least, in order not to get distracted by the Internet, it would be beneficial to put your phone and other electronic devices away.（由 in order not to 引导的目的状语）