甘肃省天水市第一中学2019届高三上学期第五次质量检测（1月）英语试卷（解析版） 22页

天水市一中2019届高三一轮复习第五次质量检测试题 英语试题 第I卷 本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。时间：100分钟，分数：120分 第一部分 阅读理解 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Imagine you've had a fight with your best friend.It's a stupid fight，something you will both get over.But right now you are upset.When you walk in the door，your mum asks what's wrong.How are you mostly likely to respond? Have a long，comforting talk about it with her.Or head to the fridge for the ice cream.But can that really help you feel better—or just make you feel sickeningly full?‎ Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of to satisfy hunger.We've all been there，finishing a whole bag of chips or eating cookie after cookie while preparing for a coming exam.But when done a lot—especially without realizing it—emotional eating can affect weight，health，and well－being.‎ One of the biggest beliefs about emotional eating is that it's caused by negative feelings.Yes，people often turn to food when they're stressed out，lonely，sad，anxious，or bored.Nevertheless，emotional eating can be linked to positive feelings too，like the romance of sharing dessert on Valentine's Day or the celebration of a holiday feast.More often，though，it's the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort or relaxation in food.‎ We all have our own comfort foods.Amazingly，they may vary according to moods and sex.One study found that happy people seem to want to eat things like pizza，while sad people prefer ice cream and cookies.Bored people desire salty，fragile things，like chips.Girls go for chocolate and ice cream.‎ This brings up a curious question: Does no one take comfort in carrots and cabbages？Researchers are looking into that，too.What they're finding is that high－fat foods，like ice ‎ cream，may activate certain chemicals in the body that create a sense of contentment and fulfillment，which may actually make you reach for these foods again when feeling upset.‎ We're all emotional eaters to some extent.But for some people，emotional eating can be a real problem，causing serious problems such as weight gain.‎ Managing emotional eating means finding other ways to deal with the situations and feelings that make someone turn to food.For example，do you come home from school each day and automatically head to the kitchen? Stop and ask yourself，“Am I really hungry？” Are you having difficulty concentrating? If these signs point to hunger，choose something light and healthy to take the edge off until dinner.‎ ‎1. The first two paragraphs are designed to ________．‎ A. offer advice on how to comfort an annoyed child B. explain the function of eating an ice cream C. put forward the idea of emotional eating D. stress the importance of friendship ‎2. People turn to emotional eating because ________．‎ A. they suffer from weight problems B. they want to seek comfort or relaxation C. they have a strong desire for food D. they benefit a lot from eating ‎3. Which of the following may not serve as comfort food?‎ A. Cookies. B. Carrots.‎ C. Chips. D. Pizzas.‎ ‎4. What's the main idea of the last paragraph?‎ A. Eat whenever you can't concentrate.‎ B. It is natural to feel hungry after school.‎ C. It's hard to tell physical hunger from mental hunger.‎ D. There are ways to break the cycle of emotional eating.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. B 3. B 4. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文，介绍了“情绪饮食”这个概念，并对其进行了分析。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。第一段介绍了一个“情绪饮食”的例子。由第二段第一句 “Emotional eating is when people use food as a way to deal with feelings instead of to satisfy hunger” 可知，第二段开始介绍“情绪饮食”这个概念。可见第一、二段旨在引入“情绪饮食”这一话题。故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句 “More often, though, it’s the countless little daily stresses that cause someone to seek comfort or relaxation in food” 可知，多数情况下，人们的情绪饮食是源于对自身减压的需要，故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。cookies 意为“饼干”，chips 意为“薯条”， pizzas 意为“披萨”，都是富含脂肪的食物，carrots 意为“胡萝卜”几乎不含脂肪。根据第五段中的第三句 “What they’re finding is that high-fat foods, like ice cream, may activate certain chemicals in the body that create a sense of contentment and fulfillment, which may actually make you reach for these foods again when feeling upset.” 可知，吃含有高脂肪的食物才有一定的满足感。故选B。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的首句，即主题句 “Managing emotional eating means finding other ways to deal with the situations and feelings that make someone turn to food.” 可知，控制情感饮食就是要找到一些方法处理好各种情形和情绪，让人想吃东西，即本段主要介绍打破 emotional eating 的方法，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】主旨大意题一般包括：短文标题、主题大意或段落大意等。此题型要求考生在理解文章后归纳文章要点，概括中心思想。本篇文章中的第4小题就是考查的段落大意。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括，如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词。在这个题中，开头的首句就是本段的主题句，所以根据主题句就可以得出答案。‎ B In New York，Ma witnessed the Alibaba Group opening on the New York stock exchange ‎ with the largest initial public offering (IPO，新股发行) in American history.“Alibaba，the world's largest Internet commerce company makes China equal to the US in the rapidly increasing global competition for technological innovation (创新) and economic transformation，” commented the South China Morning Post.‎ It has also made Ma China's richest man with a fortune of around $25 billion (153 billion yuan)，reported Reuters.‎ It's reported that Ma's rags－to－riches journey is just as spectacular as his Internet empire.Ma failed the national college entrance exams twice before he was finally in Hangzhou Normal University on his third attempt and failed in finding a suitable job several times.Aslo，Mr Ma is a big believer in perseverance，which was proved in his English study experience.‎ However，it was his vision and goals that launched his career.‎ During a short trip to the US as an interpreter in 1995，Ma first experienced the Internet.He believed in the Internet's business potential when few other Chinese people did.He started Alibaba in his Hangzhou apartment，with 17 friends and $60，000 of funds.At the time，when e－commerce was unheard of in China，“I_called_myself_a_blind_man_riding_on_the_back_of_blind_tigers，” he once said，according to The Guardian.His unusual ideas earned him the nickname “Crazy Jack Ma”．‎ Indeed，Ma is different.Although he is very thin and about 160cm tall，“Ma is yet animated and forceful，” said The Guardian.He is funny，creative，and a compelling (引人注目的) speaker.‎ Ma told Time magazine that he was “old for the Internet”．He started to slow down and looked around.According to The Wall Street Journal，Ma plans to open a tai chi club with the actor Jet Li，build an entrepreneur (企业家) university in Hangzhou and continue to work on several environmental projects.‎ ‎5. What made him into e－commerce industry?‎ A. His foresight and ambitions. B. His English learning experience.‎ C. His belief in perseverance. D. His 17 friends and$60，000 funds.‎ ‎6. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 5 mean?‎ A. Ma is a blind man riding on a blind tiger. B. Ma knew little about e－commerce.‎ C. Ma had no confidence in his business future. D. Ma had not enough money at that time.‎ ‎7. What's the personality of Ma Yun according to the passage?‎ A. Determined and creative. B. Funny and competitive.‎ C. Rich and different. D. Attractive and believable.‎ ‎8. What's the best title of the passage?‎ A. The development of Alibaba Group B. Ma Yun's personal life C. E－commerce in China D. Ma Yun's crazy success ‎【答案】5. A 6. B 7. A 8. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是人物介绍。介绍了阿里巴巴的创始人马云，是他的远见卓识和创造力促进了他的职业生涯，他的不寻常的想法为他赢得了绰号"疯狂的马云"。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段However，it was his vision and goals that launched his career．可知正是他的远见和目标推动了他的职业生涯。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 句意猜测题。根据第五段第四句At the time，when e-commerce was unheard of in China可知在这个时候，e-commerce在中国还没有被听到过。故选B。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的He is funny，creative，and a compelling （引人注目的） speaker可知他是一位风趣的、有创造力的并引人注目的演讲者。另根据Also， Mr Ma is a big believer in perseverance， which was proved in his English study experience.可知他有决心和毅力，故选A。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据倒数第三段最后一句His unusual ideas earned him the nickname "Crazy Jack Ma"．可知他的不寻常的想法为他赢得了绰号"疯狂的马云"。故选D。‎ C Guests arriving at the Aloft Hotel in Manhattan or one in Silicon Valley will soon be able to do something hotels have dreamed about offering for years: walk past the check-in desk and enter their rooms by using a smartphone as a room key. The boutique hotel brand from Starwood to Hotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. plans to offer this feature at two hotels, in the Harle neighborhood and in Cupertino, Calif, before the end of the quarter.‎ Starwood officials are hoping this will be one of the biggest technological changes in the industry since free Wi-Fi. "We believe this will become the new standard for how people will want to enter a hotel." says Frits van Passchen, Starwood's CEO. "It may be a novelty at first,but we think it will become table stakes for managing a hotel.‎ Not everyone is so sure. Past attempts to use technology to streamline the check-in process have had mixed results. Robert Habeeb, president of the First Hospitality Group, which is the owner of 55 hotels in the U.S, says he pulled out check-in kiosks at two of his Holiday Inn hotels after finding that most guests ignored them. He found that many travelers will sacrifice speed or ease to talk with a staff member and ensure their room has the right view or location, or to try for an upgrade. Other guests may still want to be greeted when they arrive.‎ Hotels have never been known for being in the forefront of technology. The industry is often a delay, in part because many hotels are owned and managed by separate companies, making investments in technology more complicated. Nevertheless, many hotel operators have been searching for ways to remove the bottlenecks that can form at a hotel's front desk. The delays are the bane(祸根）of many a road warrior's travel experience. “Everybody has to check in, but we are all doing it pretty much the same way we were 100 years ago, ”says Christopher Nassetta, chief executive officer for Hilton Worldwide holdings Inc.“It' s something we are seriously addressing.‎ Yet it is still not clear that virtual keys will do better than previous attempts to beat traditional check-ins. An effort several years ago to allow guests to enter rooms with the magnetic strip on their credit cards never became popular . Guests worried about security and were unwilling to give their kids credit cards instead of room keys.‎ ‎9. According to the first two paragraphs, which of the following is NOT true?‎ A. Aloft of Hotel in Manhattan will allow guests to use a smartphone as a room key B. Hotel officials hope the new room key will be a great change in hotel industry.‎ C. All Starwood Hotels plan to offer the new room key before the end of the quarter.‎ D. The new room key may become a new standard of choosing a hotel ‎10. The word streamline(Para. 3) is closest in meaning to _____________.‎ A. strengthen B. simplify C. change D. unify ‎11. Christopher Nassetta would most likely agree that _____________.‎ A. it's a good idea to cancel check-in B. the management of hotel needs to be improved C. the way of check-in needs to be changed D. it's time to make use of technology in hotel industry ‎12. From the text we can see that the writer thinks the future of the new room key is __________.‎ A. optimistic B. uncertain C. bright D. Negative ‎【答案】9. C 10. B 11. C 12. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文，在曼哈顿和硅谷的两家酒店将尝试用智能手机代替房间钥匙进入房间，关于这一做法人们有不同的看法。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的The boutique hotel brand from Starwood toHotels & Resorts Worldwide Inc. plans to offer this feature at two hotels, in the Harle neighborhood and in Cupertino, Calif, before the end of the quarter.可知，在本季度之前Starwood打算在其中两家酒店进行尝试，并不是所有的酒店，所以C选项不对，故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，前台的登记使入住的程序非常复杂，而这次用智能手机代替房间钥匙以及以前的尝试都是使这个程序简化，因此推断划线词的意思为“简化”。故选B。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Everybody has to check in, but we are all doing it pretty much the same way we were 100 years ago, ”says Christopher Nassetta, chief executive officer for Hilton Worldwide holdings Inc.“It' s something we are seriously addressing.” 希尔顿全球控股公司的首席执行官克里斯托弗·纳塞塔说:“每个人都必须登记入住，但我们现在的做法和100年前差不多。这是我们正在认真解决的问题。”由此可以推断，他认为现在的登记方式必须要做出改变了，故选C。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 观点态度题。根据最后一段中的Yet it is still not clear that virtual keys will do better than previous attempts to beat traditional check-ins. 可知，目前还不清楚虚拟秘钥是否会比以前击败传统登记的尝试做得更好。所以作者对虚拟秘钥是否会成功是不确定的，故选B。‎ D Traditionally，across the world，boys and girls attend a mixed school，where they study together.But boys' schools are the perfect place to teach young men to express their emotions and involve them in activities such as art，dance and music.‎ Boys at single－sex schools were said to be more likely to get involved in cultural and artistic activities that helped develop their emotional expressiveness，rather than feeling they had to correspond to(和……相符) the “boy code” of hiding their emotions to be a “real man”．‎ The findings of the study go against received wisdom that boys do better when taught alongside girls.‎ Tony Little，headmaster of Eton，warned that boys were being failed by the British education system because it had become too focused on girls.He criticized teachers for failing to recognize that boys are actually more emotional than girls.‎ The research argued that boys often perform badly in mixed schools because they become discouraged when girls do better earlier in speaking and reading skills.‎ But in single－sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys' learning style，letting them move around the classroom and getting them to compete in teams to prevent boredom，wrote the study's author，Abigail James，of the University of Virginia.‎ Teachers could encourage boys to enjoy reading and writing with “boy－focused” approaches such as themes and characters that appeal to them.Because boys generally have more acute vision，learn best through touch，and are physically more active，they need to be given “hands－on” lessons where they are allowed to walk around.“Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine (女性的) and prefer the modern genre (类型) in which violence and sexism are major themes，” James wrote.‎ Single－sex education also made it less likely that boys would feel that they had to be “masterful and in charge” in relationships. “In mixed schools，boys feel forced to act like men before they understand themselves well enough to know what that means，” the study reported.‎ ‎13. The author believes that a single－sex school would ______．‎ A. encourage boys to express their emotions more freely B. force boys to hide their emotions to be “real men”‎ C. help boys to be more competitive in schools D. naturally strengthen boys' traditional image of a man ‎14. According to Abigail James，one of the advantages of single－sex schools is that ________．‎ A. boys can choose to learn whatever they are interested in B. boys can focus on their lessons without being distracted C. teaching can be tailored to suit the characteristics of boys D. teaching can be designed to promote boys' team spirit ‎15. What does the underlined word “acute” in Paragraph 7 mean?‎ A. lovely. B. serious.‎ C. sharp. D. dull.‎ ‎【答案】13. A 14. C 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇科教类阅读，主要介绍了单性学校对于男孩子的利与弊．‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段的…helped develop their emotional expressiveness，rather than feeling they had to correspond to （和…相符） the "boy code" of hiding their emotions to be a real man"．可知，有助于促进他们的情感表达，而不是感觉为了成为真正男子汉而不得不与隐藏情感的“身体密码”相符。可知男孩学校鼓励他们更加自由地表达自我的情感，故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第六段的But in single-sex schools teachers can tailor lessons to boys 'learning style，letting them…"可知，在单性学校老师能量身定制男孩的学习风格，故选C。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的learn best through touch，and are physically more active，和Boys in mixed schools view classical music as feminine （女性的）可知，混合学校里的男孩子将古典音乐视作女性的，由此推断男孩的视觉通常会更加"敏锐"，故选C。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ If you’re leading a group of people towards success，you must learn how to motivate others．Try one or more of the following ways of motivating people．‎ Treat people kindly．As a leader，you need to treat others helping you with the utmost respect ‎ and kindness．___16___ You might not know it，but it’s a big motivation booster when people are treated right．People enjoy knowing when they’re doing a good job and enjoy working with people that treat them with kindness．‎ ‎___17___ When people are fully responsible，they’ll be more likely to find the motivation to complete the task．This is because，as a part of a group，they may not feel like their hard work matters，but when they’re responsible it certainly matters．They also know that they make a difference to the success of the project．‎ Be a good listener．No one likes to feel like they don’t matter．Having the final say doesn’t mean that you needn’t get any help with important decision making. ___18___ Always keep an open ear and you’ll be motivating your team to come up with good solutions and creative ideas．‎ Set realistic goals．Think long and hard about how your goal setting abilities can teach you to motivate others．You don’t want to set goals that are too easy．Your team might reach them quickly but they won’t be pushed to become the best they can be．___19___Your team will quickly lose motivation because they’ll never get the feeling of having met their goals．‎ Get to know your people．Keep lines of communication open and get to know your team by paying attention to their wants，needs，strengths and weaknesses．___20___ So they’ll certainly be more motivated to work hard for somebody that cares about them．‎ A．Offer a nice clean working environment．‎ B．Give people responsibility．‎ C．People enjoy feeling like they’re making a difference．‎ D．People are smart and they will know when they have a leader that cares and a leader that doesn’t．‎ E．Hand out praise when it’s necessary．‎ F．A trustworthy neighbor also provides a safe place to run in case of a fire．‎ G．Meanwhile，you don’t want to set goals that are impossible to achieve，either．‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. B ‎ ‎18. C 19. G ‎ ‎20. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了作为领导，激励他人努力工作和学习的五条实用的建议。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查上下文联系和语境理解。根据本段最后一句People enjoy knowing that they're doing a good job and enjoy working with people that treat them with kindness．可知人们喜欢知道他们表现很好，也就是说喜欢受到表扬，故E项Hand out praise when it's necessary．必要的时候表扬别人，符合上下文语境。故选E。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查上下文联系和语境理解。根据横线后一句When people are fully responsible，they'll be more likely to find the motivation to complete the task．可知当人们有责任心的时候，他们会更有动力去完成自己的任务，故B项Give people responsibility．给予人们责任，符合上下文语境，故选B。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查上下文联系和语境理解。根据本段第二句No one likes to feel like they don't matter．没有人喜欢他们不重要的那种感觉，因此推断每个人都喜欢自己很重要的那种感觉，故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查上下文联系和语境理解。本段第一句Set realistic goals设立现实的目标，可知我们设立的目标必须是能够实现的目标，不能过难也不能过于容易。G项Meanwhile，you don't want to set goals that are impossible to achieve，either．同时，你也不想设定不可能实现的目标，这与本段中心思想一致，故选G。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查上下文联系和语境理解。根据横线前句Keep lines of communication open and get to know your team by paying attention to their wants，needs，strengths and weaknesses．要了解你的队友的需要，他们的优势和劣势。也就是说要让人们知道他们有一个很体贴的领导人，这样他们才会更加努力地工作。D项People will know they have a considerate leader．人们会知道他们有一个体贴的领导者，符合上下文语境。故选D。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎“You have two ears and one mouth. Remember to listen more and speak less.” That was the advice I ___21___ from a communications expert before, which got me thinking about listening.‎ ‎ It’s not ___22___ that most of us are good at. Even those of us who write for a living and are supposed to ___23___ how to do an interview and listen, often get it wrong and miss the rule: “Don’t interrupt or try to ___24___ other people’s sentences” and the rule: “Focus fully on the person speaking ___25___ focusing on your next comment.”‎ I found this out recently after following that communications expert’s ___26___. I was part of a group lobbying (游说) politicians about the importance of old buildings and main streets. One gentleman ___27___ a very large district made up of small towns complained that the main street was too ___28___ and there wasn’t enough parking and there was no ___29___ to widen the roads, which is exactly what our organization ____30____ for. We want walkable streets, not parking spaces. Instead of arguing the point, I just ____31____ for a change and let him talk. Before our time was up he was ____32____ how his son is a carpenter restoring a church, and how ____33____ building preservation was to him and his family. Had I not ____34____ practiced listening, we might have left his office earlier.‎ It has taken me a very long time to learn how to ____35____. I might have been more ____36____ had I listened more. Now that I write and teach, I have ____37____ often about how important hearing is to our connection with others, and what a ____38____ my hearing has made in my life. ____39____, hearing is different from listening, and, interestingly, there isn’t any hardware that can help you listen; you just have to sit down, shut up and ____40____ it.‎ ‎21. A. gave B. received C. accepted D. ignored ‎22. A. nothing B. something C. everything D. anything ‎23. A. train B. compare C. understand D. master ‎24. A. begin B. finish C. form D. write ‎25. A. rather than B. or rather C. other than D. or else ‎26. A. nature B. advice C. decision D. belief ‎27. A. representing B. controlling C. starting D. directing ‎28. A. busy B. empty C. narrow D. dusty ‎29. A. right B. plan C. room D. force ‎30. A. votes B. quarrels C. searches D. fights ‎31. A. make up B. get up C. shut up D. pull up ‎32. A. communicating B. describing C. expressing D. adding ‎33. A. important B. absurd C. useful D. cheerful ‎34. A. constantly B. deliberately C. legally D. usually ‎35. A. look B. care C. listen D. react ‎36. A. successful B. fortunate C. energetic D. pleasant ‎37. A. remembered B. learned C. read D. written ‎38. A. imagination B. difference C. scene D. point ‎39. A. Therefore B. However C. Anyhow D. Besides ‎40. A. say B. make C. do D. take ‎【答案】21. B 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. B 40. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，多听少说是一名交际专家给出的建议，作者也通过自己的经历来说明了倾听的重要性。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。gave给；received收到；accepted接受；ignored忽视。“你有两只耳朵和一张嘴，记住多听少说。”这是我之前从一位沟通专家那里得到的建议，这让我开始考虑倾听。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查代词辨析。nothing没有什么；something某事，某物；everything一切；anything任何事情。这不是我们大多数人擅长的事情。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。train训练；compare比较；understand明白，理解；master掌握。甚至那些以写作为生以及应该明白如何做采访和倾听的人也常常弄错。故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。begin开始；finish完成，结束；form形成；write写。不要打断或者试图去完成别人的话，故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查短语辨析。rather than而不是；or rather更精确地说；other than除了；or else 否则，要不然。充分关注人说话而不是只把精力集中在你的下一个评论。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。nature自然；advice建议；decision决定；belief信念。在听取了那位沟通专家的建议后，我最近发现了这一点。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。representing代表；controlling控制；starting开始；directing指导。一位先生代表一个由小城镇组成的非常大的地区。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。busy忙的；empty空的；narrow狭窄的；dusty落满灰尘的。他抱怨主街道太窄，没有足够的停车场。故选 C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。right权利；plan计划；room房间，空间；force力量。他抱怨主街道太窄，没有足够的停车场，也没有扩大道路的空间。故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。votes投票；quarrels争吵；searches搜寻，调查；fights战斗。他抱怨主要街道太窄，没有足够的停车场，也没有扩大道路的空间，而这些正是我们组织要争取的。fight for sth.为了……而斗争。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。make up组成；get up起床；shut up闭嘴；pull up停下，阻止。我没有争论这个问题，只是闭嘴，想改变一下让他说。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。communicating交流，交际；describing描述；expressing表达；adding加上。在我们的时间结束之前，他描述了他的儿子是如何修复教堂的，以及建筑保护对他和他的家庭是多么重要。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。important重要的；absurd荒谬的；useful有用的；cheerful快乐的，愉快的。在我们的时间结束之前，他描述了他的儿子是如何修复教堂的，以及建筑保护对他和他的家庭是多么重要。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。constantly不断地，时常地；deliberately故意地；legally合法地；usually 通常地。如果我不是故意练习倾听，我们可能早就离开他的办公室了。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。look看；care关心；listen听；react反应。我花了很长时间去学习如何倾听。故选C。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。successful成功的；fortunate幸运的；energetic精力充沛的；pleasant高兴的。如果我多听一些，我可能会更成功。故选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。remembered记得；learned学习，了解；read读；written写。既然我写作和教学，我经常写关于倾听对我们与他人的联系是多么重要，以及倾听对我的生活产生了多么大的影响。故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。imagination想象；difference区别；scene场面，情景；point要点。既然我写作和教学，我经常写关于倾听对我们与他人的联系是多么重要，以及倾听对我的生活产生了多么大的影响。make a difference有影响。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。therefore因此，所以；however然而；anyhow无论如何；besides而且。然而，听到和倾听是不同的。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。say说；make制作；do做；take拿，取。有趣的是，没有任何硬件可以帮助你听；你只需要坐下来，闭嘴，然后去做。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】文章中第二段的最后一句Had I not deliberately practiced listening, we might have left his office earlier.以及第三段中的I might have been more successful had I listened more.这两句话都用到了状语从句虚拟语气的省略倒装，知道了这一点可以帮助我们准确选择小题14和小题16的答案。当虚拟条件句的谓语部分含有were, should, had时，我们可以将连词if省略掉，而将were, should, had置于句首。例如：‎ Had I known your address, I would have written before.=If I had known your address, I would have written before.我要是知道你的地址，我早就给你写信了。‎ Were they here now, they could help us. =If they were here now, they could help us.如果他们现在在这里的话，就会帮助我们了。‎ 第II卷 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Hero writer who wrote of heroes has passed away ‎“___41___there are Chinese speakers, there are his readers.”‎ That sentence highlights the huge influence of Louis Cha Leungyung, ___42___(well) known by his pen name Jin Yong, one of the most ___43___(influence) Chinese novelists. Over three hundred million copies of his books have been sold in the Chinese-speaking world alone.‎ A hero who writes heroes In their condolences (哀悼) to his family, many people called Cha a “hero” even though he considered ___44___(he) a writer of hero stories.‎ That’s because of the humanistic concerns in both his novels and his newspaper articles. In all his martial arts stories, he shows a strong anti-war tendency. In The Legend of the Condor Heroes, ___45___novel which impresses us deeply , he wrote how Genghis Khan was moved by the hero’s words and regretted his ___46___ (kill) before his death.‎ ‎“He has mercy for everybody in this mortal (凡人) world, ” Wang Xiaolei, owner of a WeChat public account that specializes in analysis of Cha’s works, ___47___(write) in his condolences.‎ ‎___48___their popularity, only The Deer and the Cauldron as well as other three novels ___49___(translate) into English. Legends of the Condor Heroes, was scheduled ___50___(hit) bookstores in February in 2018.‎ ‎【答案】41. Where ‎ ‎42. better 43. influential ‎ ‎44. himself ‎ ‎45. a 46. killings ‎ ‎47. wrote 48. Despite ‎ ‎49. has been translated ‎ ‎50. to hit ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文，介绍了武侠小说大师金庸先生。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查地点状语从句。句意：有说中文的人的地方，就有他的读者。逗号前是一个地点状语从句，表示在……地方，所以用where来引导。故填Where。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词比较级。句意：这句话凸显了查良镛的巨大影响力，他的笔名金庸更为人熟知。此处是原名与笔名之间进行比较，所以这里应该用比较级，故填better。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词。根据前面的the most可知此处应该填形容词作定语修饰后面的名词，influence的形容词为influential，意思为有影响力的。故填influential。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查代词。主语与宾语是同一人时，宾语用反身代词表示某人自己。故填himself。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查冠词。在这个句子中，逗号前后为同位语关系，The Legend of the Condor heroes是一部令我们印象深刻的小说，此处表示泛指一部小说，故填a。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查名词。空格前his是形容词性物主代词，后面需要加名词，所以空格处需要填一个名词，另根据常识可知他的杀戮不止一次，所以要用复数。故填killings。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。空格处是句子的谓语，要注意时态，而王晓磊写悼词是过去的事情，所以要用过去时，故填wrote。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：尽管广受欢迎，但只有《鹿鼎记》以及其他三部小说被译成了英语。根据句意可知，空格处需要填“尽管，虽然”这个意思的词，故填Despite。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词时态语态。句意：尽管广受欢迎，但只有《鹿鼎记》以及其他三部小说被译成了英语。根据句意可知，到目前为止《鹿鼎记》和其他三部小说被翻译成英语，所以要用现在完成时，主语与动词之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。另外主语中含有as well as的，谓语动词根据前面的名词来决定单复数形式，故填has been translated。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。be scheduled to do sth.被安排做某事，预定于……。这是一个固定搭配，故填to hit。‎ ‎【点睛】第9小题中考查了主语中含有as well as时的主谓一致。当as well as连接两个名词或代词做主语时，谓语动词要和前面的名词或代词保持一致，有这种用法的还有with，together with，along with，rather than，besides，except，but等。例如：‎ Mary as well as her parents likes music.‎ Her parents as well as Mary like music.‎ Jim as well as his classmates is playing basketball now.‎ His classmates as well as Jim are playing basketball now.‎ 第三部分 书面表达 第一节：短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下便条。便条中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Among all the European cities, I love Paris more. Paris is known to the world center of culture and fashion. You may find many famous museums there, the most famous of that is Louvre.‎ Louvre dated back to the 12th century, which used to be a royal palace. It is said that it has a collection of roughly 400 thousand of art works, paintings and sculptures including. In front of museum is a glass pyramid designed by Bei Yuming. Whatever makes Louvre world famous is Da Vinci’s Mona Lisa.‎ It is a pity that not all the collections are openly to the public, and Louvre is well worth paying ‎ a visit to.‎ ‎【答案】more → most to → as that → which dated → dates of去掉 including → included museum前面加the Whatever → What openly → open and → but ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍巴黎最著名的博物馆——卢浮宫。卢浮宫里有世界闻名的达芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》，遗憾的是，并不是所有的收藏品都对公众开放，但卢浮宫绝对值得一游。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查最高级。句意：在所有的欧洲城市中，我最喜欢巴黎。结合句意可知此处用最高级，故把more → most。‎ ‎2.考查固定搭配。句意：巴黎被称为世界文化和时尚中心。固定搭配：be known as“作为……而著名”，故把to → as。‎ ‎3.考查定语从句。句意：你在那里可以看到很多著名的博物馆，其中最有名的是罗浮宫。此处museums是先行词，指物，在介词后面用which引导定语从句，故把that → which。‎ ‎4.考查时态。句意：罗浮宫始建于12世纪，曾经是一座皇宫。固定词组：date back to“追溯到”和date from“始于”通常用于一般现在时态，故把dated → dates。‎ ‎5.考查固定用法。句意：据说它收藏了大约40万件艺术品，包括绘画和雕塑。当thousand前面有具体的数字时，thousand不能用复数形式，后面也不能跟介词of，故把of去掉。‎ ‎6.考查非谓语动词。此处paintings and sculptures 和include之间是一种被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故把including → included。‎ ‎7.考查定冠词the。句意：博物馆前是由Bei Yuming设计的玻璃金字塔。结合句意可知此处表示特指，故在museum前面加the。‎ ‎8.‎ 考查主语从句。句意：使卢浮宫闻名的是达芬奇的《蒙娜丽莎》。此处考查主语从句的引导词，从句缺乏主语，whatever“无论什么”，what“……的（东西）”，结合句意可知把Whatever → What。‎ ‎9.考查词性转化。句意：遗憾的是，并不是所有的收藏品都对公众开放，但卢浮宫绝对值得一游。固定搭配：be open to“对……开放”，故把openly → open。‎ ‎10.考查并列连词。句意：遗憾的是，并不是所有的收藏品都对公众开放，但卢浮宫绝对值得一游。结合句意可知此处是转折关系，故把and → but。‎ 第二节书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，准备明年高考后去英国某大学留学学习英国文学(或计算机科学），请写一封申请信。‎ 内容要点：‎ ‎1. 告知写信目的；‎ ‎2. 你选择该专业原因和个人情况简介；‎ ‎3. 表达信心和感谢。‎ 注意：词数100左右。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Sir／Madam,‎ I am a Chinese high school student ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Sir／Madam, ‎ I am a Chinese high school student who will graduate in June next year. Admiring your reputation as a top 10 UK university, I am writing to apply to get further education in your university. ‎ As a student of liberal arts, I’d like to major in English literature. On one hand, I’m fascinated by reading books of English literature due to its long history and a long list of world-famous writers. On the other hand, I’m sure that I can learn it well because English is my favorite subject during my senior school years, which will be helpful for my further studyin college. Being an active, hardworking, optimistic and tolerant person, I not only have excellent academic performance but also have participated in a variety of activities, from which I have improved my leadership and communication skills as well as the ability to do team work.‎ I understand overseas study can be challenging and demanding. Nevertheless, I am convinced that I will strive hard to fulfill my literary dream if given the chance. Thank you for taking the time to read my letter. I would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文，要求写一篇申请信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇申请信；假如你是李华，准备明年高考后去英国某大学留学学习英国文学(或计算机科学），请你用英语写一篇申请信，内容包括：写信目的；你选择该专业原因和个人情况简介；表达信心和感谢。人称应为第一人称，时态应为一般现在时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：申请apply to；major in主修， due to由于，如果……将感激不尽I would appreciate it if…等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】Being an active, hardworking, optimistic and tolerant person, I not only have excellent academic performance but also have participated in a variety of activities, from which I have improved my leadership and communication skills as well as the ability to do team work.非谓语动词短语做状语，not only…but also…连接并列谓语；which引导定语从句。定语从句I am a Chinese high school student who will graduate in June next year.宾语从句I’m sure that I can learn it well because English is my favorite subject during my senior school years.定语从句which will be helpful for my further studyin college. ‎ On one hand…on the other hand…一方面……另一方面……‎