江苏省南京市金陵中学、海安高级中学、南京外国语学校2019届高三第四次模拟考试英语试题 Word版含解析 45页

www.ks5u.com ‎2019届高三调研测试 英语试卷 第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分20分)‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.‎ What does the woman want to eat?‎ A. Pork pies. B. Beef pies. C. Egg cakes.‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ M: There’s a new bakery on the next street. Should we get some pork pies or beef pies this morning?‎ W: I want something sweet. The egg cake lady just opened her doors. Let’s go stand in line.‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎2.‎ When will the mall close?‎ A. In half an hour.‎ B. In an hour.‎ C. In one hour and a half.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ M: The shopping mall closes at 10:00 p.m. It’s 9:30 now. Hurry up, or I won’t be able to buy a shirt for my interview tomorrow!‎ - 45 -‎ W: Oh, I wish we had gotten here at 9:00!‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎3.‎ How does the man feel about the family party?‎ A. Excited. B. Hesitant. C. Scared.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ 分析】‎ W: Are you ready for the family party this weekend?‎ M: It’s been 10 years since we last got together. I’m afraid they might not recognize me. I’m not sure if I will go.‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎4.‎ What is the woman looking at?‎ A. A painting. B. A photo. C. A mirror.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ W: I like all the colors you’ve used in your picture, Bobby. Why don’t you try putting a little more detail in it?‎ M: OK, Mrs. White. I just need to go to the bathroom and wash out my brush first.‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎5.‎ What crop does the woman’s uncle plant?‎ A. Beans. B. Cotton. C. Corn.‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ - 45 -‎ ‎【分析】‎ W: Have you ever been to a cotton farm like this before? My uncle switched over to it because he could make more money there. He used to grow corn and beans.‎ M: I’ve never actually been to a farm, so I have no idea how farmers make a living!‎ ‎【详解】此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二节 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎6. Where does the conversation likely take place?‎ A. At a movie theater.‎ B. At the speakers’ home.‎ C. At an electronics store.‎ ‎7. How does the man plan to make his viewing experience better?‎ A. He’ll buy a bigger TV.‎ B. He’ll put a screen up on the wall C. He’ll connect a set of speakers.‎ ‎【答案】6. B 7. C ‎【解析】‎ M: Now we have our own home theater! Look! The screen is as big as our wall!‎ W: Hey, how did you do that?‎ M: I just bought a piece of equipment that connects to the computer or TV…or even a smart phone! I can play anything I want, like a movie or a TV show. Then, this equipment makes the images present on the wall, just like when you go to the movies.‎ W: Well, it’s not the same quality.‎ M: You’re right. But it isn’t bad, and when I set up my new speaker system… ‎ W: Umm, you bought speakers, too? ‎ - 45 -‎ M: Of course! I want the full effect. Don’t worry. You’re going to love it!‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A. A basketball game.‎ B. A nature picture.‎ C. A hunting incident.‎ ‎9. Why is the man surprised?‎ A. The zebra jumped over the photographer.‎ B. The lion caught the zebra.‎ C. The photographer wasn’t hurt.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. C ‎【解析】‎ W: What a great shot!‎ M: Who’s playing tonight?‎ W: Playing? I’m watching a TV documentary about nature photography.‎ M: What does that have to do with basketball?‎ W: It doesn’t. I was commenting on the picture. It’s a photo of a lion jumping.‎ M: OK, I like lions, but what’s so impressive about that?‎ W: Well, the photographer was in the path of a running lion when it rushed out of the bushes. The photographer dropped to the ground on his back, and the lion jumped right over him. It was chasing a zebra, and the photographer…‎ M: Shot the lion with a gun?‎ W: No! He took a picture really quickly as the lion jumped over. That’s what I meant by “great shot”.‎ - 45 -‎ M: I’m surprised the guy wasn’t attacked! ‎ W: He was twice lucky — for being alive, and for taking the photo of the year!‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎10. What business move did the speakers make?‎ A. They opened an online store.‎ B. They closed their physical store.‎ C. They started an advertising firm.‎ ‎11. What does the man probably hope will happen?‎ A. Younger people will appreciate their products.‎ B. He will get some young people to work for him.‎ C. People his age will promote his business via social media.‎ ‎12. Who are the speakers’ target customers?‎ A. People aged 15-30. B. People aged 45-60. C. People over 60.‎ ‎【答案】10. A 11. C 12. B ‎【解析】‎ M: We’re in business! I can’t believe we waited so long to open our own store. This is great, isn’t it? I hope we get a lot of customers.‎ W: I still think we should hire someone to advertise for us.‎ M: I’ve been considering what to do about that, Laura. There should be an easier and cheaper way. I don’t like traditional advertising, anyway. Since our store is online, the first thing we could do is send an email to all of our friends and family. We’ll include the link to our website. They can share information about our new store on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter. ‎ W: That’s a great idea! The more young people we tell, the better. People between - 45 -‎ ‎ 15 and 30 years old usually have a large network of friends.‎ M: Yeah, but I’ve noticed that our age group uses social media a lot, too. And our store mainly sells things that people from 45 to 60 would use, like products to keep people looking younger.‎ W: True. Maybe we should send some emails to our old school friends, then. By now, many of them should have a lot of business associates and friends.‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。‎ ‎13. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Teacher and student. B. Boss and worker. C. Co-workers.‎ ‎14. What do we know about the new fish?‎ A. They are small.‎ B. They have huge teeth.‎ C. They are inactive.‎ ‎15. What was likely in Maude’s picture?‎ A. A blue fish. B. The research team. C. The ocean.‎ ‎16. What happens to the fish when they’re taken out of their environment?‎ A. They can still live well.‎ B. They fall apart quickly.‎ C. They stop being transparent.‎ ‎【答案】13. C 14. A 15. A 16. B ‎【解析】‎ W: Did you hear the news? A research team from our Ocean Institute just discovered - 45 -‎ ‎ a new fish.‎ M: Unbelievable! They haven’t discovered anything in a long time. They must feel proud!‎ W: Yes, and very relieved. You know, the university was just about to cut their budgets. If that happened in our department, I think you and I would soon be out of work! ‎ M: I agree. The discovery was just in time! So, what is this new animal?‎ W: Actually, it’s called the Atacama Snailfish. There are three colors of them — the pink, the blue, and the purple Atacama Snailfish.‎ M: Cool! Just from the name I know where they were found — in one of the deepest parts of the ocean, west of the South American continent. Is there anything special about this fish?‎ W: Yes! It isn’t like many other deep-ocean fish, which usually have huge teeth and are much bigger, because the pressure is very great at the bottom of the sea. Instead, the new fish are small. They’re a little bit transparent, too, and seem very active.‎ M: Did the team catch any?‎ W: They did catch a blue one. I saw a picture of it this morning from Maude, one of the leaders. She told me that when these fish are taken from their natural environment, they are very delicate and disappear quickly. They’re just made to survive in that extreme pressure and cold environment.‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。‎ - 45 -‎ ‎17. How long was the team working on the project?‎ A. For 4 years. B. For 8 years. C. For 10 years.‎ ‎18. Who is the team leader?‎ A. O’Reilly. B. Tabriz. C. Moradi.‎ ‎19. Which car did the team recreate?‎ A. An Iranian one.‎ B. An Italian one.‎ C. A British one.‎ ‎20. What was the engineers’ primary goal?‎ A. To develop a car superior to the initial model.‎ B. To put super sports cars into mass production.‎ C. To learn how to make a sports car by themselves.‎ ‎【答案】17. A 18. C 19. B 20. C ‎【解析】‎ This is Britain’s Daily News at 10:00. I’m Mark O’Reilly, and we’re starting off the night with a story from Iran. A team of engineers there have created an exact copy of a Lamborghini. For the past four years, the leader and designer Masoud Moradi has led his creative group through the research, design, modeling, and making stages of the project. The final product is a perfect copy of the Italian expensive car. At a presentation in the Iranian city of Tabriz on October 8th, the audience was treated to the sight of the flashy yellow race car. In Moradi’s speech, he explained that his team had chosen a unique model of a superior brand. In building the car, they tried to recreate the main features and even the simplest details of the initial model. They did it and he said, “We believe that our team can produce one of the best cars in the world…” The main goal was to gain the technical knowledge and methods for making super sports cars. Since they have accomplished this, the next step is to produce Iranian-made expensive sports cars. It may take a while for mass production of such cars — but if the enthusiasm of the crowd is any indication, there will certainly be enough buyers!‎ - 45 -‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 此题为听力题，解析略。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用 (共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节:单项填空 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 请认真阅读下面各题, 从题中所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎21.Time is a precious ________ that is often taken for granted among the young people.‎ A. commodity B. commission C. component D. constitution ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：时间是一种珍贵的东西，可是它往往不被年轻人重视。A. commodity 有价值的东西；B. commission委员会；C. component 组成部分；D. constitution 宪法。commodity “有价值的东西”符合句意。故A选项正确。‎ ‎22.Linda ________ to her mother for so long that she figures out almost every gesture of her mother’s.‎ A. attended B. had attended C. would attend D. has attended ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ - 45 -‎ ‎【详解】考查现在完成时。句意：琳达照顾她母亲太久了，她几乎能领会母亲的每一个动作。分析句意可知，本句为现在完成时，表示过去所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响或产生的结果，着眼点在现在。由“she figures out almost every gesture of her mother’s ”可知，琳达照顾她母亲太久了。对现在的影响是，她几乎能领会母亲的每一个动作。故D选项正确。‎ ‎23.As to the “996 work schedule”, ______ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, People’s Daily commented that valuing hard work does not mean forcing employees to work overtime.‎ A. that B. which C. where D. when ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查关系副词。句意：在“996工作时间表”中，员工每周工作六天，从早上9点工作到晚上9点，《人民日报》评论说，重视努力工作并不意味着强迫员工加班。分析句子可知， “996 work schedule”为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1) 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)。‎ ‎(2) 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)；‎ ‎(3) 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。‎ 分析句子可知， “996 work schedule”为先行词，在后面的定语从句中，作地点状语，所以关系副词为where。故C选项正确。‎ ‎24.To combat global warming, many people are _________ the use of alternative energy sources.‎ A. applying to B. jumping at C. dipping into D. pushing for ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ - 45 -‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了应对全球变暖，许多人正在奋力争取使用替代能源。A. applying to应用；B. jumping at 欣然接受；C. dipping into 翻阅；D. pushing for 奋力争取。奋力争取使用替代能源的目的是为了应对全球变暖。所以 pushing for “奋力争取”符合句意。故D选项正确。‎ ‎25.The flat is good value for money because not only did they sell it to me at a cheap price, but they threw in some old furniture _________.‎ A. at their command B. for good measure C. beyond my reach D. beneath their dignity ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：这套公寓物有所值，因为他们不仅以便宜的价格卖给我，而且还额外赠送了一些旧家具。A. at their command 听某人支配；B. for good measure 作为额外增添；C. beyond my reach够不到；D. beneath their dignity 有失身分。for good measure “作为额外增添”符合句意。故B选项正确。‎ ‎26.A Chinese proverb has it that a tower is built when soil on earth _________, and a river is formed when streams come together.‎ A. accumulates B. accelerates C. collapses D. loosens ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：中国有句谚语，“积土成塔，聚水成河”。A. accumulates积累；B. accelerates加速；C. collapses 倒塌；D. loosens 使变松。由“and a river is formed when streams come together”可知，前后两个句子为并列关系。所以accumulate“积累”符合句意。故A选项正确。‎ ‎27.—I have been decorating the apartment recently, so can you lend me some money?‎ ‎—Sorry, all my money has gone to the stock market. _________.‎ A. I’d rather not. B. I am in the black.‎ C. I wouldn’t bet on it. D. I am a little shy.‎ ‎【答案】D - 45 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查习惯用语辨析。句意：---我最近一直在装修这套公寓，你能借我点钱吗？---对不起，我所有的钱都到股票市场去了。我现在囊中羞涩A. I’d rather not 我 宁 愿 不；B. I am in the black 我有 盈 余；C. I wouldn’t bet on it 我 倒 不 敢 这 么 肯 定；D. I am a little shy我囊中羞涩。由“all my money has gone to the stock market”可知，所有的钱都投到股票市场去了，所以 I am a little shy“我囊中羞涩”符合句意。故D选项正确。‎ ‎28.—What did you say you were reluctant to risk just now?‎ ‎—_________ to high levels of radiation.‎ A. Being exposed B. Having been exposed C. To be exposed D. Exposed ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查省略句和动名词。句意：---你刚才说你不愿意冒险做什么？---我不愿意冒险暴露在高辐射下。分析句子可知，本句为省略句，还原为：we were reluctant to risk being done。risk 后接动名词做宾语，本句使用动名词的被动形式，being exposed。故A选项正确。‎ ‎29.—Won’t she take another week off after such a surgery?‎ ‎—No. Despite her recent operation she will carry on________.‎ A. somehow B. regardless C. otherwise D. instead ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：---手术后她不休一周假吗？---是的，尽管她最近动过手术，但她无论如何也要继续下去。A. somehow用某种方法；B. regardless 不顾一切地，无论如何；C. otherwise否则；D. instead代替。regardless “不顾一切地，无论如何”符合句意。故B选项正确。‎ ‎30.President Xi underlines that it is only with joint efforts to keep maritime peace ________ build a maritime community with a shared future for mankind.‎ - 45 -‎ A. can we B. we can C. that we can D. that can we ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查强调句式。句意：习主席强调，只有共同努力保持海洋和平，我们才能建立一个有着人类共同未来的海洋共同体。分析句子可知，本句为强调句式，其结构为：It is (was)+被强调部分(主语、宾语或状语)+who (that)"。only后边跟副词,介词短语和状语从句位于句首的时候，句子采用部分倒装语序，尤其注意后接从句时候,主句倒装,从句不倒装 ，如果用于强调句中了,only就不位于句首了,句子就不倒装了。故C选项正确。‎ ‎31._________ the requirement is set high, it is a blessing for Chinese students that Cambridge University uses scores on Gaokao as part of its admission criteria.‎ A. As B. While C. Once D. Where ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查从属连词辨析。句意：尽管要求很高，但剑桥大学将高考分数作为录取标准之一，对中国学生来说是件好事。A. As当……时候；B. While尽管；C. Once一旦；D. Where在哪里。分析句子可知，本句为让步状语从句。所以While“尽管”符合句意。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】一、 while 用作连词时,有以下几种含义:‎ ‎1. 意为“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎2. 意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎3. 连接两个并列句子,表示“对比”关系。‎ 二、 while 引导状语从句时,应注意以下几点:‎ ‎1. while 引导的时间状语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而 while 引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以从意义上加以区分。‎ ‎2. while 引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词 be 都可以省略。‎ ‎3. while 和 when 都可以引导时间状语从句,但应注意: while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词;而 when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词.当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时, while 和 when - 45 -‎ ‎ 可以互相替换。‎ ‎4. while 引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中”。‎ 分析句子可知，本句为让步状语从句。所以While“尽管”符合句意。故B选项正确。‎ ‎32.Either side seems to have a(n) _________ position; there are still many uncertainties on this issue.‎ A. ambiguous B. delicate C. explicit D. confidential ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：双方似乎都有一个模糊的立场；在这个问题上仍然有许多不确定性。A. ambiguous模糊的；B. delicate 脆弱的；C. explicit明确的；D. confidential 机密的。由“here are still many uncertainties on this issue.”可知，在这个问题上仍然有许多不确定性。所以双方立场是模糊的。故A选项正确。‎ ‎33.Frankly, I still feel confused about _________ he could manage without access to the Internet for such a long time.‎ A. what B. why C. that D. how ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连接副词。句意：坦率地说，这么长一段时间没有上网，他怎么能做到这一点，我还是感到困惑。分析句子可知，about后接宾语从句，根据句意，可以判断出，about后接表示方式的连接副词how引导的宾语从句。故D选项正确。‎ ‎34.—What do you think of the newly-released film Capernaum?‎ ‎—It touched my heart deeply. But for your recommendation I _________ it.‎ A. had missed B. would miss C. would have missed D. must have missed ‎【答案】C - 45 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：---你觉得新上映的电影《迦百农》怎么样?---它深深地触动了我的心。要不是你的推荐，我就错过了。虚拟语气有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果…将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：If I had not had your recommendation ,主句为：I would have missed it。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：‎ ‎ ‎ 条件从句的谓语动词形式 主句谓语动词形式 与过去事实相反的假设 had done would/could/might/should have done 与现在事实相反的假设 过去时(was→were)‎ would/could/might/should do 与将来事实相反的假设 过去时 (was→were ) ; ‎ should do;‎ were to do would/could/might/should do 有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果…将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：If I had not had your recommendation ,主句为：I would have missed it。故C选项正确。‎ ‎35.—Do you know Linda was fired for her casual attitude towards the job?‎ ‎—No wonder she _________ when I tried to amuse her this morning.‎ A. was tickled pink B. pulled my leg - 45 -‎ C. gave me the cold shoulder D. saw the handwriting on the wall ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查习惯用语辨析。句意：---你知道琳达因为对工作漫不经心而被解雇了吗?---难怪今天早上我试图逗她开心时，她却不理我。A. was tickled pink 高兴极了；B. pulled my leg pulled my leg；C. gave me the cold shoulder 对我却很冷淡；D. saw the handwriting on the wall 不祥征兆。 gave me the cold shoulder “对我却很冷淡”符合句意。故C选项正确。‎ 第二节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ To this day, I remember my mum’s letters. It all ___36___ in December 1941. Every night she wrote to my brother Johnny, who had been ___37___ that summer. We had not heard from him since the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor.‎ Mum claimed that there was a direct ___38___ from the brain to the written word that was just as strong as the light God has granted us. She trusted that this light would ___39___ Johnny. I don’t know if she said that to ___40___ her mind or all of ours. But I do know that it helped us ___41___ together, and one day a letter from Jonny really did arrive. Johnny was alive on an island.‎ I had always been amused by the fact that mum ___42___ her letters, “Cecilia Capuzzi”, and I ___43___ her about why she didn’t just write “Mum”. I hadn’t been aware that she ___44___ thought of herself as Cecilia Capuzzi. Not as Mum. I began seeing her in a new light, this small ___45___ yet strong woman. We often sat recalling the days when our family was filled with laughter of four boys. They had all moved away from home to work, enrolled in the ___46___, or got married. All except me. Around next spring mum had got two more sons to ___47___. Little by little, the rumour about mum’s letters ___48___. One day a small woman knocked at our door. She opened her bag and ___49___ a pile of airmail letters, begging mum to read them from her son who was a soldier in Europe. Mum read the letters one by one. The woman’s ‎ - 45 -‎ eyes ___50___ with tears. A few days later the woman returned with a friend, then another one and yet another one—they all needed letters. Mum had become the ___51___ in our town.‎ ‎“All people in this world are here with one particular ___52___,” Mum said. “___53___, mine is to write letters.” She tried to explain why it ___54___ her so much. “A letter___55___ people like nothing else. It can make them cry, it can make them laugh and it makes the world seem very small. My dear, a letter is life itself!”‎ ‎36. A. gathered B. disappeared C. started D. happened ‎37. A. called B. drafted C. arrested D. trained ‎38. A. link B. signal C. route D. result ‎39. A. warm B. guide C. tell D. find ‎40. A. focus B. calm C. broaden D. strengthen ‎41. A. swing B. struggle C. stick D. settle ‎42. A. began B. answered C. signed D. sealed ‎43. A. teased B. persuaded C. reminded D. informed ‎44. A. never B. seldom C. ever D. always ‎45. A. liberal B. delicate C. reliable D. uneducated ‎46. A. university B. service C. course D. army ‎47. A. cater to B. relate to C. write to D. subscribe to ‎48. A. circulated B. arose C. faded D. ceased ‎49. A. set out B. pulled out C. put out D. turned out ‎50. A. sprang up B. welled up C. looked up D. turned up ‎51. A. writer B. editor C. assistant D. correspondent ‎52. A. order B. ambition C. letter D. purpose ‎53. A. Apparently B. Gradually C. Initially D.‎ - 45 -‎ ‎ Eventually ‎54. A. pushed B. challenged C. absorbed D. relaxed ‎55. A. unites B. draws C. cheers D. associates ‎【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. B 41. C 42. C 43. A 44. D 45. B 46. D 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. B 51. D 52. D 53. A 54. C 55. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇散文。作者回忆了母亲喜欢写信，信中充满着母亲对孩子的爱，这种爱能触摸到的温暖从指尖到作者的心里。母亲写信的事渐渐传开了，很多人都来找母亲帮忙，她已经成为一名“通讯员”。母亲告诉作者信起到了连接感情纽带的作用，无可替代地把人与人连在一起，信就是生命本身。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. gathered聚集；B. disappeared消失；C. started开始；D. happened发生。句意：事情要从 1941 年 12月说起。作者在回忆，开始的时间是1941 年 12月。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. called呼叫；B. drafted 征兵；C. arrested逮捕；D. trained训练。句意：母亲每晚都给我弟弟约翰写信，那年夏天约翰应征入伍。由下文“ We had not heard from him since the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor”可知，自从日本袭击珍珠港以后，他就一直杳无音信。所以约翰是一名军人，那年夏天约翰应征入伍的。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. link 联系；B. signal信号；C. route路线；D. result结果。句意：她深信思想和文字是直接相连的，这种联系就像上帝赋予人类的光芒一样强大。母亲把自己对儿子的挂念，都用文字表达了出来。所以她深信思想和文字是直接相连。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. warm 使暖和；B. guide指导；C. tell告诉；D. find发现。句意：这道光芒终会照耀到约翰的身上。由上文可知，约翰杳无音信，母亲写信给儿子，并相信上帝能够帮助她找到自己的儿子。所以这里用光芒比喻上帝的帮助，照在约翰身上，实际上就是找到了约翰。故D选项切题。‎ - 45 -‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. focus（使）集中；B. calm 使安静；C. broaden 扩大；D. strengthen 使稳固。句意：虽然我不肯定她是否只是在安慰自己，或是我们。母亲对儿子的挂念只能通过信的形式表达出来，可见这也是在安慰自己或者家人。这更是一种希望。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. swing 摇摆；B. struggle挣扎；C. stick 钉住；D. settle解决。句意：但我们一家人却因此更加亲密。而最终我们终于等到了约翰的回信。母亲的信是情感的纽带，所以家人也因此而更加亲密。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. began开始；B. answered回答；C. signed在…上签字；D. sealed 封上。句意：母亲总以“塞西莉娅•卡普奇”署名，每每令我忍俊不禁，还要嘲笑她几句。根据常识可以判断出，写信要在信封上写上寄信人的姓名和地址。所以signed “在……上签字”符合句意。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. teased 取笑，调侃；B. persuaded说服；C. reminded提醒；D. informed 告知。句意：母亲总以“塞西莉娅•卡普奇”署名，每每令我忍俊不禁，还要嘲笑她几句。因为母亲以“塞西莉娅•卡普奇”署名，所以作者忍不住会“嘲笑”她。这种“嘲笑”即使孩子的一种天性，也是一种母亲和孩子之间的一种特别的爱。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. never决不；B. seldom 很少；C. ever曾经；D. always一直。句意：以前我一直没有留意到她把自己当成塞西莉娅•卡普奇，而不是母亲。always是含有肯定意义的程度副词,其基本意思是指某个行为发生频率的百分之百或某种状态存在的自始至终。这里表示以前作者一直没有留意到母亲把自己当成塞西莉娅•卡普奇。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. liberal 慷慨的；B. delicate雅致的；C. reliable可依靠的；D. uneducated 未受过良好教育的。句意：我不禁以新的眼光打量自己的母亲，她是多么优雅，又是那么矮小，但是又很坚强。作者以新的眼光打量自己的母亲，此时母亲时优雅的。所以 delicate“雅致的”符合句意。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. university大学；B. service服务；C. course课程；D.‎ - 45 -‎ ‎ army军队。句意：现在他们都因工作、入伍或婚姻纷纷离开了家。enroll in the army“入伍”。由前文可知，母亲的孩子有参军入伍的。 所以 army“军队”符合句意。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. cater to 迎合；B. relate to与有关；C. write to 写信给……；D. subscribe to 同意。句意：第二年春天，母亲也要开始给另外两个儿子写信了。由上文“wrote to”可知，本空处是原词再现。说明母亲也要开始给另外两个儿子写信了。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. circulated 传播；B. arose 产生；C. faded 逐渐消失；D. ceased 停止。句意：母亲写信的事渐渐传开了。由下文可知，很多人来找母亲读信或者写信，所以母亲写信的事渐渐传开了，很多人才会找她来帮忙。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. set out着手；B. pulled out 抽出；C. put out扑灭；D. turned out结果是。句意：女人打开背包，掏出一叠航空信。她乞求母亲帮她读信的内容。信是女人在欧洲参战的儿子写来的。and 连接两个并列的动作，所以先是打开背包，然后掏出一叠航空信。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。A. sprang up 突然冒出；B. welled up 涌出（泪水）；C. looked up查找；D. turned up出现。句意：听完，那女人的眼里充满了泪水。由前文可知，女人的儿子在欧洲作战，是一名士兵。所以这个女人在听完信后哭了起来。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. writer作家；B. editor编辑；C. assistant助手；D. correspondent 通讯员。句意：妈妈变成了我们城镇的通讯员。很多人找母亲读信或者写信。所以母亲成了城镇的“通讯员”。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. order命令；B. ambition野心；C. letter信；D. purpose目的。句意：每个人来到这个世界都有一个特别的目的。显然，我就是来写信的。这里说明了每个人来到这个世界都有一个特别的目的，以此说明母亲的目的是什么。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. Apparently明显地；B. Gradually逐渐地；C. Initially 最初；D. Eventually最终地。句意：每个人来到这个世界都有一个目的。显然，我就是来写信的。由“mine - 45 -‎ ‎ is to write letters.”可知，我就是来写信的，这是很明显地。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. pushed推；B. challenged挑战；C. absorbed 吸引；D. relaxed 放松。句意：母亲试着解释她为何如此沉迷写信。由上文可知，母亲喜欢用信表达自己的情感。所以 absorb “吸引”符合句意。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. unites团结；B. draws勾画 （轮廓）；C. cheers欢呼；D. associates 使相关。句意：信无可替代地把人与人连在一起。由下文“ It can make them cry, it can make them laugh and it makes the world seem very small”可知，信让人笑，让人哭，让世界变小。所以信起到了纽带的作用，无可替代地把人与人连在一起。故A选项切题。‎ 第三部分 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A ‎“Facts” That Are False The $100 bill is the biggest bill in circulation. Although the federal government stopped printing them in 1945, currency notes of $500, $1,000, $5,000, and $10,000 are still legal tender. Most of them have been snatched up by private collectors. Between December 18, 1934, and January 9,1935, the government put out $100,000 notes. However, they were only for transactions between Federal Reserve banks and never went out to the general public.‎ - 45 -‎ The Sahara is the world’s largest desert. Technically, Antarctica is. The U.S. Geological Survey defines a desert as “dry land with a rainfall of usually less than ten inches per year that supports only sparse vegetation and a limited population of people and animals.” Antarctica averages only six inches of rain a year (mostly as snow) and is almost 5.5 million square miles. The Sahara is only 3.3 million square miles.‎ The green paste served with your sushi is wasabi. Wasabi is expensive and difficult to grow. Since it’s in the same family, most restaurants and food companies use horseradish (with food coloring) instead. Real wasabi is more complex and sweeter than what you get in a typical Japanese restaurant.‎ ‎_______________________________________ The ostriches would suffocate (窒息) if they did. If an enemy is approaching, a frightened ostrich will lay its head and neck flat against the ground as a camouflage (伪装) ploy. Some human onlookers have assumed that the birds’ light-colored heads were actually in the sand.‎ - 45 -‎ ‎56. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. As other bigger bills are out of print, the $100 bill is still the biggest one.‎ B. Antarctica with very little rainfall is considered as the largest desert.‎ C. Horseradish can be substituted with wasabi for the similar taste and color.‎ D. An ostrich often uses its head as a weapon to fight against its enemy.‎ ‎57. Which of the following is the best fit for the blank?‎ A. Ostriches can breathe in the sand.‎ B. Ostriches have very smart brains.‎ C. Ostriches bury their heads in the sand.‎ D. The ostrich’s head is the lightest in the world.‎ ‎【答案】56. B 57. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了四个虚假的"事实"。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由The Sahara is the world’s largest desert中的“The U.S. Geological Survey defines a desert as “dry land with a rainfall of usually less than ten inches per year that supports only sparse vegetation and a limited population of people and animals.” Antarctica averages only six inches of rain a year (mostly as snow) and is almost 5.5 million square miles. The Sahara is only 3.3 million square miles”可知，美国地质调查局将沙漠定义为“干旱的土地，每年的降雨量通常不到10英寸，只能维持稀疏的植被和有限的人口和动物的生存。”南极洲平均每年只有6英寸的降雨量（大部分是雪），将近550万平方英里。撒哈拉只有330万平方英里。所以南极洲降雨量很少，被认为是最大的沙漠。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由“The ostriches would suffocate (窒息) if they did. If an enemy is approaching, a frightened ostrich will lay its head and neck flat against the ground as a camouflage (伪装) ploy. Some human onlookers have assumed that the birds’ light-colored heads were actually in the - 45 -‎ ‎ sand.”可知，如果它们这样做会窒息的。为了躲避危险，鸵鸟会躺在地下隐蔽起来，只把头伸出来。这种习性后来被人误认为是鸵鸟在遇到危险时，会把头埋在沙土里。所以本段主要在说，鸵鸟把头埋在沙子里是虚假的事实。故本段的标题为“鸵鸟把头埋在沙子里”，也是空白处要填的内容。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】根据短文的段落的内容是解决推理判断题的重要解题方法。短文通常会以挖空的形式，让读者判断所挖空的具体内容，如果所挖的空处于句中或者句末，这时我们需要根据上下文的语境来判断具体的内容，如果所挖的空处于句首，这时我们就需要根据整段的内容来判断句首所挖空的内容既段落的标题。‎ 由“The ostriches would suffocate (窒息) if they did. If an enemy is approaching, a frightened ostrich will lay its head and neck flat against the ground as a camouflage (伪装) ploy. Some human onlookers have assumed that the birds’ light-colored heads were actually in the sand.”可知，如果它们这样做会窒息的。为了躲避危险，鸵鸟会躺在地下隐蔽起来，只把头伸出来。这种习性后来被人误认为是鸵鸟在遇到危险时，会把头埋在沙土里。所以本段主要在说，鸵鸟把头埋在沙子里是虚假的事实。故本段的标题为“鸵鸟把头埋在沙子里”，也是空白处要填的内容。故C选项为小题2的正确选项。‎ B ‎“Be afraid. Be very afraid,” says a character in The Fly, a horror film about a man who turns into an enormous insect. It captures the unease and disgust people often feel for the kingdom of cockroaches, Zika-carrying mosquitoes and creepy crawlies of all kinds. However, ecologists increasingly see the insect world as something to be frightened for, not frightened of. In the past two years, scores of scientific studies have suggested that trillions of murmuring, droning, honeybees, butterflies and beetles are dying off. “If all mankind were to disappear”, wrote E.O.Wilson, a respectable entomologist, “the world would regenerate… If insects were to vanish, the environment would collapse into chaos.”‎ Most of the studies describe declines of 50% and more over decades in different measures of insect health. The immediate reaction is shock. Insects enable plants to reproduce, through pollination (授粉), and are food for other animals, so a collapse in their numbers would be catastrophic.‎ But a second look leads to a different assessment. Rather than causing a panic, the studies should act as a timely warning and a reason to take precautions. That - 45 -‎ ‎ is because the worst fears are unproven. There are no studies at all of wild insect numbers in most of the world. Reliable data are too scarce to declare a global emergency.‎ Moreover, where the evidence does show a collapse—in Europe and America—agricultural and rural ecosystems are holding up. Farm production still remains high. As some insect species die out, others seem to be moving into the niches (生态位) they have left, keeping ecosystems going, although with less biodiversity than before. It is hard to argue that insect decline is yet causing significant economic damage.‎ But there are complications. Agricultural productivity is not the only measure of environmental health. Animals have value, independent of any direct economic contribution they may make. The more species make up an ecosystem, the more stable it is likely to be. The extinction of a few insect species among so many might not make a big difference. The loss of hundreds of thousands would.‎ And the scale of the observed decline raises doubts about how long ecosystems can remain resilient (能复原的). An experiment in which researchers gradually pulled out insect pollinators from fields found that plant diversity held up well until about 90% of insects had been removed. Then it collapsed. Given the lack of data, it is impossible to know how close Europe and America are to an ecosystem collapse. But it would be reckless to find out by actually triggering one.‎ ‎58. What does the underlined sentence in the first paragraph imply?‎ A. Ecologists have long been afraid of those disgusting insects.‎ B. Ecologists are worried about the disappearance of some insects C. Ecologists have already got rid of the prejudiced feeling about insects.‎ D. Ecologists are respectful of the insect’s ability to regenerate themselves.‎ ‎59. What conclusion can we draw from the studies conducted in the past 2 years?‎ A. Though there is a decline in the number of insects, we still have the reason to be optimistic.‎ B. Biodiversity can cause immediate damage so that we should take precautions right - 45 -‎ ‎ away.‎ C. Data collected from all over the world is convincing to prove our environment is at risk.‎ D. The consequence of decreasing biodiversity may be more serious than we can imagine.‎ ‎60. What is the purpose of writing the passage?‎ A. To show the magical power of our mother nature.‎ B. To analyze why insects are on the edge of extinction.‎ C. To draw people’s attention to the decreasing insects.‎ D. To urge the scientists to collect more data about insects.‎ ‎【答案】58. B 59. D 60. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文说明了昆虫危机还没迫在眉睫，但是需要采取预防措施。否则后果不堪设想。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 推理判断题题。由第二段“However, ecologists increasingly see the insect world as something to be frightened for, not frightened of. In the past two years, scores of scientific studies have suggested that trillions of murmuring, droning, honeybees, butterflies and beetles are dying off. “If all mankind were to disappear”, wrote E.O.Wilson, a respectable entomologist, “the world would regenerate… If insects were to vanish, the environment would collapse into chaos”可知，然而，生态学家越来越多地把昆虫世界看作是应该警惕的东西，而不是可怕的东西。在过去的两年里，大量的科学研究表明，数以万亿计的嗡嗡低语的蜜蜂、蝴蝶、石蛾、豆娘（一种蜻蜓）和甲虫正在消失。如果所有的人类都消失了，”昆虫学家元老E·O·威尔逊（E.O.Wilson）写道，“世界还会再生……但如果昆虫消失了，环境就会陷入混乱。所以通过E·O·威尔逊所说的话可以判断出，第一段中带下划线的句子暗示出，生态学家担心一些昆虫的消失。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段“ That is because the worst fears are unproven。There are no studies at all of wild insect numbers in most of the world. ”可知，这是因为最糟糕的恐惧还没有得到证实。目前世界上大部分地区对野生昆虫的数量还没有研究。所以由关键词“the - 45 -‎ ‎ worst fears ，unproven，no studies”进行反向推理，可以判断如果世界上大部分地区对野生昆虫的数量有研究的话，最糟糕的恐惧就会得到证实。故我们能从过去两年的研究中得出结论：生物多样性减少的后果可能比我们想象的更为严重。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通读全文可知，短文说明了昆虫危机还没迫在眉睫，但是需要预防措施。昆虫是生态系统健康的指标。他们的衰落是一个警告，提醒我们要注意这一点，否则一切都太晚了。所以写这篇文章的目的是引起人们对正在减少的昆虫的注意。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】抓住特定信息进行逆向或者正向推理。做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正面推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。‎ 由第三段“ That is because the worst fears are unproven。There are no studies at all of wild insect numbers in most of the world. ”可知，这是因为最糟糕的恐惧还没有得到证实。目前世界上大部分地区对野生昆虫的数量还没有研究。所以由关键词“the worst fears ，unproven，no studies”进行反向推理，可以判断如果世界上大部分地区对野生昆虫的数量有研究的话，最糟糕的恐惧就会得到证实。故我们能从过去两年的研究中得出什么结论：生物多样性减少的后果可能比我们想象的更为严重。故小题2的正确选项为D选项。‎ C The advent of warm weather here in Maine calls for a seasonal ritual that, for me, puts an end to winter—fetching the wooden screen door.‎ Note that I wrote “wooden”. The aluminum models just won’t do it—they close too neatly and keep their perfect form for decades. In the 1960s, a time of imperfection, there was no perfect house, no perfect car, no perfect kids or parents. Why should a screen door be an exception?‎ I grew up with my siblings in a working-class neighborhood in New Jersey. When the warm weather arrived, my dad would pull out the wooden screen door and install it over the back door, which could then be left wide open, admitting a refreshing breeze (we had no air conditioning).‎ My father was a Mr. Fix-it, so keeping the screen door serviceable was one of his hobbies. Every few years he gave it a fresh coat of paint and fixed it a bit.‎ - 45 -‎ ‎ I distinctly remember him putting the last screw in the last hinge (铰链), and swinging the door shut with a “crack!”‎ A good, wooden screen door, unsightly as it was, had an invaluable function in the age of the stay-at-home mom: It alerted her to the coming and going of the kids. My siblings, and my friends ran in and out of the house, tearing the screen door open and letting it slap shut behind us. A hundred times a day. It was all good, and my mom never complained about the noise, because that was the purpose of a wooden screen door—to slam shut and thereby announce that her children were within earshot.‎ Several years ago, in a fit of nostalgia (怀旧), I went shopping for a wooden screen door. I was disappointed in the choices available. They looked a bit too solid, too well made. But I found one online, and within a week it was delivered to my doorstep.‎ The firm had sent me one with the wrong dimensions, so I asked my carpenter to make the necessary adjustments. Ozzie worked away at it for a couple of hours until he got it to sit neatly in its frame. I gave it a test: I pulled it open and let go. It closed in a lazy fashion. “Not good,” I pronounced. “Please remove the automatic door closer and adjust the door so it swings shut with a good crack.”‎ Ozzie went about his work and a short while later the task was done. The door was uneven in its frame, and the screen no longer lay flat. But when I pulled open the door and released it, the thing clapped shut like a rifle shot. “What do you think?” I asked. “It looks like hell,” said Ozzie. “But it sounds like heaven,” I said. And I, being the owner of the door—and the memory—had the final word.‎ ‎61. What particular function did the wooden screen door perform in the writer’s childhood?‎ A. It functioned as an air conditioner in summer.‎ B. It helped sharpen his father’s repairing skills.‎ C. It was more like a toy that kids often played with.‎ D. It made Mom aware that the kids were close by.‎ ‎62. The reason why the writer asked the carpenter to continue to adjust the door is that ________.‎ A. the door was not the right size for the frame - 45 -‎ B. the door was poorly made that it didn’t suit him C. he wanted to see how the door was supposed to shut D. he was determined to seize the ownership of the door ‎63. What does the wooden screen door mean to the writer now?‎ A. It is a reminder of the imperfect things.‎ B. It is a symbol of his memory of summer.‎ C. It is a contributor to the better life he leads.‎ D. It is an antique worth cherishing in the museum.‎ ‎64. What is the best title for the passage?‎ A. The good old days are gone B. Never judge a door by its appearance C. Summer announces itself with a crack D. Every single imperfection adds to beauty ‎【答案】61. D 62. C 63. B 64. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。作者很是怀念儿时夏天的木制纱门，所以为了找回那段回忆，特意定制了一扇能在关闭时发出啪的一声响的木制纱门，作者很喜欢这扇木制纱门，因为木制纱门对作者来说意味着夏天的记忆。‎ ‎【61题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第四段“A good, wooden screen door, unsightly as it was, had an invaluable function in the age of the stay-at-home mom: It alerted her to the coming and going of the kids. A hundred times a day. It was all good, and my mom never complained about the noise, because that was the purpose of a wooden screen door—to slam shut and thereby announce that her children were within earshot.”可知，一扇质量很好的木制纱门，虽然看上去很难看，但在一个全职妈妈的时代却有着不可估量的作用:它提醒她注意孩子们的来来往往。一天一百次。一切都很好，我妈妈从来没有抱怨过噪音，因为那是木制屏风门的目的——砰的一声关上，从而告知她的孩子们就在她的听觉所及的范围。所以木门在作家的童年时期特别的作用是：它让妈妈意识到孩子们就在附近。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ - 45 -‎ 细节理解题。由倒数第二段“Please remove the automatic door closer and adjust the door so it swings shut with a good crack.”可知，请取下自动闭门器，调整好门的位置，让门啪地一声关上。所以作者要求木匠继续调整门的原因是他想看看门该怎么关。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 推理判断题。通过读全文尤其是最后段“But when I pulled open the door and released it, the thing clapped shut like a rifle shot. “What do you think?” I asked. “It looks like hell,” said Ozzie. “But it sounds like heaven,” I said. And I, being the owner of the door—and the memory—had the final word.”可知，但当我拉开门，松开它时，它啪的一声关上了，就像一声枪响。“你觉得怎么样?””我问。“看起来太糟糕了，” Ozzie说。“但听起来非常地好，”我说。而我，作为这扇门的主人——以及记忆的主人——拥有最后的决定权。作者很是怀念儿时夏天的木制纱门，所以为了找回那段回忆，特意定制了一扇能在关闭时发出啪的一声的木制纱门。再通过作者与Ozzie的对话可以看出，作者很喜欢这扇木制纱门，因为木制纱门现在对作者来说意味着夏天的记忆。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，作者很是怀念儿时夏天的木制纱门，所以为了找回那段回忆，特意定制了一扇能在关闭时发出啪的一声响的木制纱门，作者很喜欢这扇发出啪的一声响的木制纱门，因为木制纱门现在对作者来说意味着夏天的记忆。所以短文是围绕着夏天啪的一声来临了而展开的。故短文的最佳标题为“夏天啪的一声来临了”。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】根据文章中人物所说的话的内容是解决推理判断题的重要方法，因为通过所说的内容，我们可以判断出，作者所要想表达的观点是积极的还是消极的，是中立的还是支持或者否定某一方，对事情是关心的还是冷漠的。是在提出建议还是在提出具体的解决措施。‎ 最后段“But when I pulled open the door and released it, the thing clapped shut like a rifle shot. “What do you think?” I asked. “It looks like hell,” said Ozzie. “But it sounds like heaven,” I said. And I, being the owner of the door—and the memory—had the final word.”可知，但当我拉开门，松开它时，那东西啪的一声关上了，就像一声枪响。“你觉得怎么样?””我问。“看起来太糟糕了，” Ozzie说。“但听起来非常地好，”我说。而我，作为这扇门的主人——以及记忆的主人——拥有最后的决定权。作者很是怀念儿时夏天的木制纱门，所以为了找回那段回忆，特意定制了一扇能在关闭时发出啪的一声的木制纱门。再通过作者与Ozzie的对话可以看出，作者很喜欢这扇木制纱门，就是因为木制纱门现在对作者来说意味着夏天的记忆。故B选项为小题3的正确选项。‎ - 45 -‎ D ‎“What is civilization?” asked Kenneth Clark 50 years ago in the BBC series on the subject. “I don’t know, and I can’t define it in abstract terms, yet. But I think I can recognise it when I see it, and I’m looking at it now.” And he turned to gesture behind him, at the soaring Gothic towers and flying buttresses of Notre Dame.‎ It seems inhuman to care more about a building than about people. That the sight of Notre Dame going up in flame has attracted so much more attention than floods in southern Africa which killed over 1000 arouses understandable feelings of guilt. Yet the widespread, intense grief at the sight of the cathedral’s collapsing steeple (尖塔) is in fact profoundly human—and in a particularly 21st-century way.‎ It is not just the economy that is global today, it is culture too. People wander the world in search not just of jobs and security but also of beauty and history. A building on whose sunny steps you have rested, in front of which you have taken a selfie with your loved one, becomes a warm part of your memories and thus of yourself. That helps explain why China is in mourning—WeChat, young China’s principal means of talking to itself, has been throbbing with the story, and XiJinping, the country’s president, sent a message of condolence (慰问) to Emmanuel Macron, his French counterpart—while India was largely indifferent. Tourism from India to the West is a stream compared with the flood from China.‎ This visual age has blessed beauty with new power, and social media have turned great works of art into superstars. Only a few, though, have achieved this status. Just as there is only ever a handful of world-famous actors, so the number of globally recognisable cultural symbols is tiny: the Mona Lisa, Michelangelo’s David, the Taj Mahal, the Great Pyramid—and Notre Dame. Disaster, too, is visual. In the 24 hours after the fire started videos on social media of the burning cathedral were viewed nearly a quarter of a billion times.‎ Yet the emotions the sight aroused were less about the building itself than about - 45 -‎ ‎ what losing it might mean. Notre Dame is an expression of humanity at its collective best. Nobody could look up into that vaulted ceiling without wondering at the genius of the thousands of anonymous craftsmen who, over a century and a half, realised a vision so grand in its structural ambition and so delicate in its hand-chiselled detail. Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence—through war, revolution and Nazi occupation—binds the present to the past.‎ The fire also binds people to each other. The outpouring of emotion it has brought forth is proof that, despite the dark forces of division now abroad, we are all in it together. When nationalism is a rising threat, shared sadness makes borders suddenly irrelevant. When politics is polarised, a love of culture has the power to unite. When extremism divides Muslim from Christian and religious people from atheists, those of all faiths and none are mourning together. An edifice (宏伟建筑) built for the glory of God also represents the unity of the human spirit.‎ And it will be rebuilt. The morning after the fire, the many Parisians who went to the cathedral to mourn its destruction found comfort instead. Although the spire is gone, the towers are still standing and it seems likely that the whole building can be revived. The effort to rebuild it, like the fire, will bring people together. Within 24 hours,￡6000m ($677m) had been raised from businesses and rich people, and a lot of crowdfunding campaigns started. A high-resolution laser scan of the building, carried out recently, should help.‎ It will never be the same, but that is as it should be. As Victor Hugo wrote in “The Hunchback of Notre Dame”, a three-volume love-letter to the cathedral: “Great edifices, like great mountains, are the work of centuries. Art is often transformed as it is being madeTime is the architect, the nation is the builder.”‎ ‎65. What do the first two paragraphs imply?‎ A. We should feel guilty about ignoring the floods in southern Africa.‎ B. People in modern times tend to care a lot about history and civilization.‎ C. The destruction of a historic building is more serious than the loss of life.‎ D. The human civilization is gone with the burning of Notre Dame Cathedral.‎ ‎66. Which of the following can explain why China and India respond differently to - 45 -‎ ‎ the cathedral on fire?‎ A. Familiarity produces affection.‎ B. A friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ C. Absence makes the heart grow fonder.‎ D. Beauty is in the eye of the beholder.‎ ‎67. The cultural symbols in the fourth paragraph are mentioned to prove that ________.‎ A. news has wings in the age of social media nowadays B. only a few cultural symbols can become world-famous C. disasters become more powerful with some visual effect D. cultural symbols have taken on new meanings in the visual age ‎68. When the cathedral was on fire, people felt most painful about ________.‎ A. the destruction of its artistic and time-honored ceiling B. the fading of its structure with carefully made details C. the loss of the link between the past and the present D. the death of the unknown craftsmen who created it ‎69. Which of the following about what happened after the fire is TRUE according to the passage?‎ A. Technological support is more important than anything else in the rescue work.‎ B. The fire has united everyone in the world to focus on the restoration of the cathedral.‎ C. Donations were made overnight, most of which were from the rich businesses and people.‎ D. Influenced by the disaster, people with different beliefs have abandoned their prejudices.‎ ‎70. Victor Hugo’s words are quoted in the last paragraph to prove that ________.‎ A. Notre Dame like any other art should be transformed B. time heals everything and we will soon forget the sorrow C. the rebuilt Notre Dame will not enjoy the same reputation D. time constantly gives Notre Dame new meaning and value ‎【答案】65. B 66. A 67. A 68. C 69. B 70. D - 45 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。人类文明延续至今，已经有几千年的历史，正是有了这些伟大艺术的存在，人类才能超越个体的短暂，让精神长存。像巴黎圣母院这样的建筑不仅是法国人民的骄傲，也是全人类的瑰宝。火灾发生后，全世界的人们为巴黎圣母院哀悼。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第一段“But I think I can recognise it when I see it, and I’m looking at it now. And he turned to gesture behind him, at the soaring Gothic towers and flying buttresses of Notre Dame.”以及第二段“It seems inhuman to care more about a building than about people. Yet the widespread, intense grief at the sight of the cathedral’s collapsing steeple (尖塔) is in fact profoundly human—and in a particularly 21st-century way.”可知，但我想当我看到它的时候我能认出它，现在我正在看它。”他转过身来，指向身后高耸的哥特式塔楼和高耸的巴黎圣母院。比起关心人，更关心建筑似乎有违人道主义。然而，实际上，看到大教堂尖塔倒塌，那种广泛深刻的悲痛正是人性深刻的体现，这是一种二十一世纪的独特方式。所以前两段暗示出，在现代，人们往往更加关心历史和文明。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【66题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第三段“It is not just the economy that is global today, it is culture too. People wander the world in search not just of jobs and security but also of beauty and history. A building on whose sunny steps you have rested, in front of which you have taken a selfie with your loved one, becomes a warm part of your memories and thus of yourself. while India was largely indifferent. Tourism from India to the West is a stream compared with the flood from China.”可知，如今，不仅经济全球化，文化也走向全球化。人们漫游世界，不仅仅为了寻求工作和安全，也为寻找美好和历史。一个建筑，如果你曾在它洒满阳光的台阶上休息，曾一起和爱人在它前面自拍，那么它就会成为你记忆中温暖的一部分，因此成为你的一部分。中国游客如洪水般涌进西方各国，相比之下，印度前往西方的游客数量可谓是涓涓细流。所以A选项“熟会生爱”可以解释为什么中国和印度对巴黎圣母院着火的反应不同。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【67题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第四段“This visual age has endowed beauty with new power, and social media have turned great works of art into superstars. Only a few, though, have achieved - 45 -‎ ‎ this status. Just as there is only ever a handful of world-famous actors, so the pantheon of globally recognisable cultural symbols is tiny: the Mona Lisa, Michelangelo’s David, the Taj Mahal, the Great Pyramid— and Notre Dame. Disaster, too, is visual. In the 24 hours after the fire started videos on social media of the burning cathedral were viewed nearly a quarter of a billion times.”可知，这个视觉时代赋予美以新能量，社交媒体将艺术名作变成了巨星。然而，只有少数作品获得了这种地位。正如世界著名演员屈指可数，因此，全球可识别文化标志性艺术作品也很少，主要有：《蒙娜丽莎》、米开朗基罗的《大卫》、泰姬陵、大金字塔，以及巴黎圣母院。灾难也进行了视觉呈现。大火发生后的24小时内，社交媒体上关于燃烧的巴黎圣母院视频点击量近2.5亿次。所以社交媒体的力量是巨大的，他能将全球可识别文化标志迅速传播。故判断出第四段中提到的文化标志证明当今社交媒体时代的新闻传播速度之快。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【68题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第五段“ Its survival through 850 years of political turbulence—through war, revolution and Nazi occupation—binds the present to the past.”可知，巴黎圣母院经历了 850 年的风云变幻，包括政治动荡、战争、革命以及纳粹占领，她联接着过去和现在。当大教堂着火时，人们感到最痛苦的是人们失去了过去和现在之间的联系。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【69题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由倒数第二段“The effort to rebuild it, like the fire, will bring people together. ”可知。重建工作也将使人们团结在一起。所以，这场大火使全世界的人团结起来，集中精力修复大教堂。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【70题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由最后段“As Victor Hugo wrote in “The Hunchback of Notre Dame”, a three-volume love-letter to the cathedral: “Great edifices, like great mountains, are the work of centuries. Art is often transformed as it is being madeTime is the architect, the nation is the builder.”可知，正如维多克·雨果曾为巴黎圣母院写的三卷情书——《巴黎圣母院》中所写的那样，伟大的建筑，宛如巍峨的山峦，是时间的杰作。在创作艺术的过程中，艺术常常会被改变……时光是建筑师，国家是建设者。所以通过雨果所说话的内容可以判断出最后一段引用了雨果的话来证明，时间不断地赋予圣母院新的意义和价值。故D选项正确。‎ - 45 -‎ 第四部分 任务型阅读 (共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意: 请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。‎ Waiting in line is a pest of modern society. According to David Andrews’s book, Why Does the Other Line Always Move Faster?, it wasn’t common until the Industrial Revolution synchronized (同步) workers’ schedules, causing lines that run out of lunch hours and evenings. Given that Americans are estimated to collectively waste tens of billions of hours a year in lines, it’s no wonder that some people try to cut, and others bitterly resent them. Yet jumping the queue without inviting violence is possible. Below are some tips, courtesy of social science.‎ First, pick the right queue. It’s virtually impossible to cut in line for a once-in-a-lifetime event—the Cubs playing the World Series, say. But in a repeating situation like a security line, people are more likely to let you in, perhaps because they anticipate needing a similar favor someday. Using game theory to determine what conditions would make line-cutting socially permissible, researchers found that people queuing just once display little tolerance for line-cutting. But when the queue repeats, people let in intruders who claim an urgent need or who require minimal service time.‎ An excuse for cutting helps, but it needn’t be bulletproof. In one much-cited study, experimenters tried to jump photocopier queues using one of three explanations. A small, polite request without justification—“Excuse me, I have five pages. May I use the Xerox machine?”— enabled them to cut 60 percent of the time. Adding that they were rushed allowed them to cut 94 percent of the time. And “May I use the Xerox machine, because I need to make copies?” was almost as effective, despite its lame offer.‎ Bribing(贿赂) can also work, and it may not even cost you. In one study, queuers were offered cash by an undercover researcher if they’d let the researcher cut. A majority agreed, but oddly, most of them then refused the cash. They appreciated the offer not out of greed, but because it proved the intruder’s desperation.‎ - 45 -‎ Keep in mind that tolerance for line-cutting varies across cultures. One survey of foreigners living in Spain revealed many differences in queuing rules. An Irish respondent said indignantly, “They say ‘I just want to ask a quick question’ and go right up to the counter … I’m ready to explode.” A German subject angrily described a fellow supermarket shopper: “A woman walked right in front of me and put her things on the counter. She says ‘No [it’s] okay, we’re together, pointing to the other woman who had just finished paying … It seems that in Spain that’s allowed. Incredible.”‎ Back in America, the worst sin of line-cutting is pretending you’re not doing it. Like members of any community, queuers want their customs observed. We’d all escape line-waiting if we could, but that way chaos lies. So if you must cut, just ask—nicely. Doing so strengthens the social contract, and it works.‎ Brief introduction to waiting in line ‎* With the rise of the Industrial Revolution, cutting in line grew in ___71___.‎ ‎* It is ___72___ that Americans’ attitudes towards line-cutting vary from person to person in view of wasting a considerable amount of time a year in lines.‎ Tips on cutting in line politely ‎* Given that they are likely to be in your ___73___ some day, queuers probably allow you to jump the queue in repeating situations.‎ ‎* According to game theory, the action of line-cutting cannot be ___74___ when people queue just once.‎ ‎* When you assume an air of ___75___, you will have a greater possibility of being allowed to cut in line.‎ ‎* Actually queuers allow you to cut in line not due to your bribing but your ___76___.‎ ‎___77___ distinctions ‎* Line-cutting meets with a(n) ___78___ response from the Irish and the German, while the Spanish seem to react ___79___.‎ - 45 -‎ ‎ in tolerance for line-cutting ‎* Americans strongly ___80___ to it when queue-jumpers pretend they are not doing it.‎ ‎【答案】71. popularity/currency ‎ ‎72. understandable/acceptable ‎ ‎73. shoes/position/situation ‎ ‎74. tolerated ‎ ‎75. hurry/rush/emergency ‎ ‎76. desperation/despair ‎ ‎77. Cultural ‎ ‎78. angry 79. differently/otherwise ‎ ‎80. object ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。作者就如何礼貌地插队，提出了一些可行的建议。‎ ‎【71题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由第一段“ it wasn’t common until the Industrial Revolution synchronized (同步) workers’ schedules, causing lines that run out of lunch hours and evenings. Given that Americans are estimated to collectively waste tens of billions of hours a year in lines, it’s no wonder that some people try to cut,..”可知，直到工业革命统一了工人的工作时间，排队才变得常见。排队浪费了午餐时间和晚上时间。据估计，美国人每年浪费在排队上的时间总计达数百亿小时，难怪有些人试图插队。所以随着工业革命的发展，排队流行了起来，同时插队也流行了起来。所以通过“common”，可以判断出填popularity/currency。故填popularity/currency。‎ ‎【72题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由第一段“Yet jumping the queue without inviting violence is - 45 -‎ ‎ possible”可知，然而，不强行插队也是可能的。所以鉴于美国人每年要浪费大量的时间在排队上，所以美国人对待插队的态度因人而异。他们认为插队是可以接受的。所以通过“possible”，可以判断出填understandable/acceptable 。故填understandable/acceptable。‎ ‎【73题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由第二段“ people are more likely to let you in, perhaps because they anticipate needing a similar favor someday.”可知，人们更可能让你插队，也许是因为他们预计有一天会需要类似的帮助。所以如果他们处在你的境地来思考，他们可能让你插队。所以通过“ a similar favor”可以判读出填shoes。be in one’s shoes 这个习语表示“处于某人的境地或处境来设想”故填shoes/position/situation。‎ ‎【74题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由第二段“ Using game theory to determine what conditions would make line-cutting socially permissible, researchers found that people queuing just once display little tolerance for line-cutting.”可知，研究人员利用博弈论来确定什么条件会让插队成为社会允许的行为，他们发现，仅仅排队一次的人对插队的容忍度很低。所以根据博弈论，仅仅排队一次的人对插队是不能容忍的。所以根据“tolerance” 。可以判断出填tolerated。故填tolerated。‎ ‎【75题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由第二段“But when the queue repeats, people let in intruders who claim an urgent need or who require minimal service time.”可知，但是当排队一直在持续时，人们会让声称有紧急需求或需要最少服务时间的插队者插队。所以当你装出一副匆忙的样子时，你被允许插队的可能性会更大。所以通过“urgent need，minimal service time”可以判读出填 hurry/rush/emergency 。故填hurry/rush/emergency。‎ ‎【76题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由第四段“They appreciated the offer not out of greed, but because it proved the intruder’s desperation.可知，他们让你插队，不是因为他们的贪婪，而是因为插队证明了插队者的绝望，他们看到了这种绝望。所以事实上，排队者允许你插队不是因为你的贿赂，而是因为你的绝望。所以本句属于“desperation”的再现。故填desperation/despair。‎ ‎【77题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由第五段“Keep in mind that tolerance for line-cutting varies across - 45 -‎ ‎ cultures”可知，请记住，不同文化对插队的容忍度各不相同。所以小题2在说文化的差异。所以通过“culture”可以判断填cultural。故填Cultural。‎ ‎【78题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由第五段“ An Irish respondent said indignantlyA German subject angrily described a fellow supermarket shopper: ”可知，一位爱尔兰受访者愤怒地说。一位德国人愤怒地描述一位超市购物者。所以插队遭到了爱尔兰人和德国人的愤怒回应。所以通过“indignantly，angrily ”可以判断出填angry。故填angry。‎ ‎【79题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由第五段“It seems that in Spain that’s allowed. Incredible.”可知，在西班牙，这似乎是允许的。令人难以置信的。所有在对比西班牙人和爱尔兰人、德国人对于插队的反应。西班牙人的反应截然不同。故填differently/otherwise。‎ ‎【80题详解】‎ 考查提取信息的能力。由最后段“Back in America, the worst sin of line-cutting is pretending you’re not doing it.”可知，在美国，插队最大的罪恶就是假装你没有插队。所以通过“the worst sin”可以看出，美国人非常反对插队。object to“反对”为固定短语。故填object。‎ 第五部分 书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎81.请阅读下面图表及文字, 并按照要求用英语写一篇 150 词左右的文章。‎ Gangjing (杠精), also generally called Mr. Right, refers to a group of people who tend to take a contrary position or attitude toward almost everything in their lives, especially online. They take great pleasure in arguing with others and they are considered good at being unreasonable in a seemingly reasonable way. While they believe that they are superior and whatever they do is in line with the so-called critical thinking, they are actually making others discouraged, upset or embarrassed.‎ - 45 -‎ Conversation One A:What a lovely trip. Pandas are so cute!‎ Mr. Right: So cute? Well, are you trying to show that you are lovely too?‎ Conversation Two A: Alas, after several attempts, I finally made it. Driving test nightmare, Farewell.‎ Mr. Right: Unlike you, I passed it with one go.‎ Conversation Three A: Online learning is a double-edged sword.‎ Mr. Right: All swords are double-edged. Do you prefer single-edged knives?‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1. 用约30个词概括上述现象；‎ ‎2. 谈谈你是否赞成“杠精”现象，请用2-3个理由或论据简述你的想法；‎ ‎3. 如果你遇到类似“杠精”的人，你将如何应对。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句。‎ ‎2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎3. 不必写标题。‎ ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】For the sake of fulfilling or unburdening themselves, Gangjing are prone to hurt others online by indulging themselves in the critical thinking unreasonably, such as absurd comparisons and irrelevant associations. (30 words)‎ These people, in my eyes, are no more than clowns dying to play to the gallery with every trick in the book, while what we need are those skilled at comforting and embracing us with their sincerity and wisdom. Also, it is not so much the real life - 45 -‎ ‎ as the virtual platform that probably witnesses the heavier toll in continual attacks launched by Mr Rights, leaving the ideal place for exchanging ideas an online nightmare haunted with spirits desperate to pour out their negative feelings.‎ 第三段版本一 有类似杠精的特点:‎ Aware of what it means to be a Mr Right, I will keep a lookout for others’ emotional changes in conversations, even if they are my best friends, for winning a game of finding fault in others is not everything I want.‎ 第三段版本二 若遇到杠精时的应对方案:‎ Should a Mr Right fall upon me, the best way possible, I suppose, is to stay cool and pay less or no attention to him, as it is of no use to lose temper or be involved with a war-maniac on the keyboard.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。短文介绍了“杠精”现象以及对这种现象的看法。‎ ‎【详解】第一题 第一步：阅读 ‎1．认真阅读给定的原文材料，如果一遍不能理解，就多读两遍；阅读次数越多，你对原文的理解就越深刻。‎ ‎2．划出那些能概括文章主题思想的单词、短语或短句子；决定原文中哪些部分重要，哪些部分次重要了；对重要部分的主要观点进行概括。‎ ‎3．简要地记下主要观点——主题、标题、细节等你认为对概括概要写作重要的东西。‎ 第二步：写作步骤 浏览课文，找出主题：短文介绍了智能手机严重影响了人们的生活。‎ ‎2. ‎ - 45 -‎ ‎ 分析文章的结构，把它分成几个部分，找出每个部分的主要思想，用你自己的文字简短地写出来。本文主要分为两部分。第一部分For the sake of fulfilling or unburdening themselves。第二部分：Gangjing are prone to hurt others online by indulging themselves in the critical thinking unreasonably, such as absurd comparisons and irrelevant associations。‎ ‎3.按照逻辑顺序组织将主要和相关的支持点用最短的连接词进行连接。如：by，such as。‎ 第三步：修改成文 草稿拟好以后，对它进行修改。‎ 首先，与原文比较看是否把所有重要的观点都概括了，概要写作中的观点是否与原文中的完全一致。‎ 其次，如果出现了不必要的词汇、短语或长句子，删除它们，保持语言简单明了。‎ 最后，检查拼写、语法和标点符号的错误。‎ 第二题 第一步：审题。审题的目的是获取重要信息。通过审题我们可以确定几个方面的信息。第一，用约30个词概括上述现象；2. 谈谈你是否赞成“杠精”现象，请用2-3个理由或论据简述你的想法；3. 如果你遇到类似“杠精”的人，你将如何应对。第二，人称为第三人称。第三，时态为一般现在时。‎ 第二步：布局段落，确定主要段落，次要段落，段落数量。这篇写作段落数量为两三段。第一段，约30个词概括上述现象。第二段谈谈你是否赞成“杠精”现象，请用2-3个理由或论据简述你的想法。第三段，如果你遇到类似“杠精”的人，你将如何应对。‎ 第三步：确定关键词汇和短语: For the sake of， fulfilling ，hurt，unburdening , unreasonably，comfort, embrace, sincerity ,wisdom，for the sake of ，be prone to do ，indulge sb in , absurd comparisons , irrelevant associations, be skilled at , virtual platform, witnesses, continual attacks , exchanging ideas, online nightmare ,pour out ,negative feelings, stay cool, pay less or no attention to ,lose temper, be involved with。‎ - 45 -‎ 第四步：确定较为高级的句子：what引导的主语从句These people, in my eyes, are no more than clowns dying to play to the gallery with every trick in the book, while what we need are those skilled at comforting and embracing us with their sincerity and wisdom. that 引导的定语从句和过去分词作在定语，现在分词作状语Also, it is not so much the real life as the virtual platform that probably witnesses the heavier toll in continual attacks launched by Mr Rights, leaving the ideal place for exchanging ideas an online nightmare haunted with spirits desperate to pour out their negative feelings。even if 引导的让步状语从句Aware of what it means to be a Mr Right, I will keep a lookout for others’ emotional changes in conversations, even if they are my best friends, for winning a game of finding fault in others is not everything I want。‎ 第五步：注意书写，保持卷面整洁，避免划线，乱擦。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式:what引导的主语从句These people, in my eyes, are no more than clowns dying to play to the gallery with every trick in the book, while what we need are those skilled at comforting and embracing us with their sincerity and wisdom. that 引导的定语从句和过去分词作在定语，现在分词作状语Also, it is not so much the real life as the virtual platform that probably witnesses the heavier toll in continual attacks launched by Mr Rights, leaving the ideal place for exchanging ideas an online nightmare haunted with spirits desperate to pour out their negative feelings。even if 引导的让步状语从句Aware of what it means to be a Mr Right, I will keep a lookout for others’ emotional changes in conversations, even if they are my best friends, for winning a game of finding fault in others is not everything I want。‎ 高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。‎ ‎ ‎ - 45 -‎ ‎ ‎ - 45 -‎