山东省2020届普通高中学业水平等级考试英语试题（模拟卷） 12页

‎2020届山东省普通高中学业水平等级考试英语试题(模拟卷) ‎ 本试卷共120分，考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。‎ ‎2．选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。‎ ‎3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。‎ ‎4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。‎ ‎5．保持卡面清洁，不要折叠，不要弄破、弄皱。不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。‎ 第一部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分)‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ A Time for an adventure?‎ Are you a bit bored with your nine-to-five routine?Have a look at our exciting range of holidays and decide what type of adventure you’d 1ike．‎ Activity holidays Our activity holidays are for everyone，people who love danger or who just like sports．We have a huge variety of water，snow or desert holidays．We’11 take you SCUBA diving in the Red Sea or kayaking and white water rafting in Canada．If you prefer snow，you can try skiing or snowboarding in the Alps．For those who like warmer weather，we also have sand-boarding—the desert version of skateboarding．‎ Polar expeditions Take a cruise to the Antarctic or the Arctic；explore a land of white natural beauty and wonderful wildlife．Our experts will explain everything about the two poles as you watch the penguins in the Antarctic or whales and polar bears in the Arctic．‎ Cultural journeys Our cultural journeys will help you discover ancient civilizations：India，Thailand，Egypt and many more．Visit temples，palaces and ancient ruins just remember to bring your camera!Get to know local ways of life by exploring markets，trying foreign foods and meeting ‎ local people．‎ Trekking tours We have trekking holidays to famous places such as Machu Picchu or the Everest Base Camp Trek，as well as some nearer to home in the Highlands of Scotland．You don’t need to be very sporty，just fairly fit．You’11 have a great time enjoying nature with a group of new friends．Some of the holidays include camping，but we’11 transport the tents for you!‎ ‎1．Which tour will you choose if you want to watch animals in nature?‎ A．Activity holidays． B．Polar expeditions．‎ C．Cuhural journeys． D．Trekking tours．‎ ‎2．What can explorers probably do during the trekking tours?‎ A．Do some sports． B．Enjoy sandboarding．‎ C．Camp on the mountains． D．Try snowboarding in the Alps．‎ ‎3．Who are the holiday adventure events mainly aimed at?‎ A．Senior retirees． B．Young teenagers．‎ C．Regular workers． D．Successful businessmen．‎ B ‎“What is the biggest challenge of graduate school?”an undergraduate asked the group of graduate students at an event I helped organize last summer．“Not letting the support from my community turn into pressure，”one member responded．That answer might have surprised some，who probably expected to hear about experiments that didn’t work or trudging through academic materials．But I understood exactly what she meant．‎ Throughout my education，friends and family have expected me to take advantage of every opportunity I come across because I may not get the same chance again．They expect me to give outstanding performances everywhere I go because I represent them and our culture．Mentors(导师)expect that I will never give up．This has been a great source of motivation，but also of pressure．‎ I remembered a conversation with a mentor．At the end of my first year of graduate school，I struggled with a strong desire to leave the program with a master’s degree．I was accustomed to hearing“Don’t give up”and“You have to finish”—words that were meant to be motivational．Instead，they made me feel I would be a disappointment if I left．After I discussed the pros and cons of leaving with my mentor，she responded completely different from what I expected．“I support any decision you make，”she said．“I will always be proud of you and ‎ your achievements．”Hearing this simple，direct statement of support，I felt every muscle of my body loosen．‎ My mentor knew the right thing to say，but we can’t expect the same from everyone．Sometimes，friends and family ask me，“How long until you get your degree?”As many graduate students will agree，this question is a stress starter．Now，when people in my community—always with the best intentions—say something that creates pressure and makes me feel bad，I tell them and we talk about it．I tell them that I prefer to hear，“Do you need someone to talk to?How can I help you through this rough time?”This was a bit awkward at first．But I’ve started to notice a change．These days，I get fewer stress-inducing(引起压力的)questions and comments．‎ ‎4．Which can replace the underlined word“trudging”in paragraph 1 ?‎ A．Struggling． B．Seeing． C．Breaking． D．Cutting．‎ ‎5．What can be inferred from paragraph 3 about the author?‎ A．He was afraid to 1eave his program．‎ B．He appreciated what his mentor said．‎ C．He preferred to discuss pros and cons．‎ D．He had a strong desire to get a master’s degree．‎ ‎6．Which does the author prefer to hear when he needs support?‎ A．Never give up! B．How about a chat?‎ C．Have you prepared for the result? D．Go ahead!1 will back you up！‎ ‎7．What’s the main idea of the text?‎ A．Value the source of inspiration from your community．‎ B．Communicate with your community more about study．‎ C．Find a way to block out support from your community．‎ D．Let support from your community become less stressful．‎ C A new study finds that the average performance of students from the lowest income families in the US lags(滞后)about three to four years behind that of the highest income students an achievement gap that has remained constant for decades．An analysis of standardized tests given to more than 2．7 million middle and high school students over 40 years suggests that federal education programs aimed at closing the gap are falling short．‎ Researchers looked at results from four different programs conducted nationwide at ‎ variuous intervals from 1971 to 2015 to test teenagers in math，reading and science．A total of 98 exams were used in the programs，testing students aged 13-15 as well as 17-year-olds．Test scores for 17-year-old students in the bottom 10th income percentile(百分位)were far lower than those in the top 10th percentile．‎ Meanwhile，the overall test scores didn’t shift for 17-year-olds during the study period．They did improve slightly for 13-to 15-year-olds，which suggests that federal programs for younger students have been helpful．But the lowest income students still score much lower than the highest income students．“Programs for older students are badly needed，”says study coauthor Eric Hanushek，an education economist at Stanford University．“Lower achievement in high schoo1 leads to lower earning potential throughout aduhhood．The next generation is going to look a lot like this generation．Kids from poor families will become poor themselves．”‎ Whether the problem is worsening，however，is up for debate．A 2011 study，conducted by Stanford education sociologist Sean Reardon，looked at 12 exams administered from 1960 to 2007，and found that the gap in test scores between the poorest and the wealthiest students grew by 40 percent．It shows the poorest students 1ag about three to six years behind their wealthier peers in 1earning．Reardon suggested parents of means were increasingly investing in their children’s education，sharpening the divide．‎ The different results between the new study and that conducted in 2011 come down to the fact that the researchers analyzed results from different tests and how they categorized(分类)family income 1evel，says education sociologist Anna Chmielewski．Hanushek and Reardon agree that the income-related achievement gap is alarming．‎ ‎8．What does the result of the new study indicate?‎ A．The poorest students’lagging behind exists in specific age groups．‎ B．A better standard for category should be adopted in the study．‎ C．The federal education programs turned out unsuccessful generally．‎ D．A better school performance necessarily leads to higher income．‎ ‎9．How does the author present the serious issue?‎ A．By showing the discussion result． B．By clarifying some points．‎ C．By doing a questionnaire． D．By making a comparison．‎ ‎10．What may cause the different results of the two studies?‎ A．The different countries． B．The analytical methods．‎ C．The income assessments． D．The different ranges of age．‎ ‎11．Why does the income-related achievement gap concern people?‎ A．It will disappear eventually．‎ B．It will further widen the social gap．‎ C．It results in the students’blind competitions．‎ D．It makes Americans smarter and richer．‎ D Scientists already know that plants are highly sensitive to touch of any kind．If you’ve ever touched Mimosa pudica(含羞草)，you’ve already witnessed its fan-like leaves close up．But most of the time，the effect is invisible，or immediately invisible．A recent study found that touching plants causes such a dramatic response in their hormones and gene expression that it could greatly prevent their growth．‎ The team touched thale cress，a weedy plant，with soft paint brushes，and then analyzed the plant’s biological responses．“The lightest touch from a human，an animal，an insect，or even plants touching each other in the wind，causes a huge gene response in the plant，”Jim Whelan，a biologist at La Trobe University in Australia，said in a statement．“Within 30 minutes of being touched，10％of the plant’s genome(基因组)is changed．”‎ Previous research has suggested that touch could actually be beneficial，because it stimulates(刺激)the plant’s immune system．But this study found that the plants used many resources to respond to touch，which are then not available for growing．The researchers found if they touched a plant multiple times，this was enough to reduce its growth rate by as much as 30％．Other papers have similarly shown that touch can change plant growth；a paper released in 2016 found that even a gentle pat could change the expression of thousands of genes within the same plant．‎ ‎“While plants don’t appear to complain when we step on them，or just brush by them while going for a walk，they’re fully aware of this contact and rapidly respond to our treatment of them，”said Olivier Van Aken，a plant biologist at the University of Western Australia．‎ Whelan and his team uncovered more information about the genetic pathways that are activated by touching a plant，which may be useful for developing more resilient(能复原的) plants．Whelan told the Sydney Morning Herald that the findings are likely most useful for the agriculture industry：if plant scientists can find ways to change that defensive response，produce yields(产量)could potentially go up．‎ ‎12．How does touch prevent a plant growlng?‎ A．By causing genetic changes．‎ B．By conveying harmful substances．‎ C．By stopping it absorbing nutrients．‎ D．By damaging its inner structure．‎ ‎13．What can be concluded from Olivier Van Aken’s words about plants?‎ A．They are easy to look after．‎ B．They respond rapidly to any contact．‎ C．They never have feelings for touch．‎ D．They are allergic to any human activity．‎ ‎14．What does the last paragraph focus on?‎ A．The significance of the study．‎ B．The approaches to the findings．‎ C．The way to develop resilient plants．‎ D．The information about increasing produce yields．‎ ‎15．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Plants’gene expression is defined by touch B．Touch will help increase produce yields C．Something is done to help plants grow D．Plants don’t really like to be touched 第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ As individuals age，many will experience decreased memory abilities． 16 Some signs include forgetting phone numbers，misplacing car keys，and struggling with name recall．This decline is associated with a routine that leaves parts of the brain unused．Memory exercises can help keep typically unused parts of the brain active and improve memory abilities．‎ ‎17 It can be something as simple as going to a new restaurant for lunch，cooking something completely new，or visiting a friend in the next town for the weekend．New sensory stimulation can help refresh memory．‎ Another easy way to improve memory is to use one’s non-dominant hand to do simple tasks．For example，if one is right-handed，the left hand could be used to brush teeth or comb hair． 18 But in fact，a part of the brain is being used that is rarely put to work，making the brain stronger．‎ ‎19 This might include studying a new language or researching how to do a math problem．And it does not have to be something traditionally thought of as brain ‎ stimulating．Learning a new craft or sport may also activate the brain in new ways．‎ Not only can mind exercises improve memory，but physical exercise can as well．Studies show that exercise can improve memory abilities as it increases blood circulation and therefore more oxygen can reach the brain． 20‎ A．This may feel slow and ineffective．‎ B．Short-term memory is often the first to suffer．‎ ‎ C．Talking with others can also improve one’s memory．‎ ‎ D．Even as little as 30 minutes of walking each day can help．‎ ‎ E．Memory exercises can also be accomplished by learning new things．‎ ‎ F．One type of memory exercise involves changing one’s regular routine．‎ ‎ G．Being alone can cause stress and depression，which affects memory negatively．‎ 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)‎ 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Today was the fifth time that I had beaten Janice this year at tennis．I was beyond 21 of myself，but as I stepped out of the court and passed by Janice．I found she 22 not to see me without raising her head，and she was crying beside her father．My mind was racing with 23．“Why can’t she just 24 the loss? Is she purposely trying to mess my confidence so I will not 25 my best in my next 26 ?”‎ My heart pounded．In a few seconds，my 27 was burning with embarrassment，and without even looking up，I could feel everyone’s eyes looking at me 28 ．‎ I came 29 to this tournament．There was no one there to 30 me or stand up for me．I was by myself，facing so many 31．Just then，a warm hand tapped me on my shoulder．I was 32 to look up as tears streamed down my face．The person who tapped me was Janice．‎ I glared at her and actually 33 her to leave me alone．I expected her to start crying again and 34 to her father．However，she sat down where I was without saying anything．After a few moments of 35 ，she let out a big sigh and apologized for her unusual behavior．‎ ‎21．A．fond B．proud C．ashamed D．aware ‎22．A．pretended B．decided C．arranged D．happened ‎23．A．commitments B．decisions C．thoughts D．impressions ‎24．A．accept B．doubt C．suggest D．need ‎25．A．save B．seek C．1ive D．perform ‎26．A．show B．match C．discussion D．party ‎27．A．back B．hand C．face D．heart ‎28．A．strangely B．secretly C．happily D．suddenly ‎29．A．frequently B．1ate C．worriedly D．alone ‎30．A．remember B．comfort C．warn D．separate ‎31．A．audiences B．families C．relatives D．coaches ‎32．A．unbearable B．desperate C．unwilling D．generous ‎33．A．encouraged B．informed C．forced D．expected ‎34．A．return B．devote C．appeal D．see ‎35．A．darkness B．silence C．rest D．argument 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Wearing hanfu， 36 traditional clothing of the Han ethnic group，has experienced a fashion revival(复兴)among young Chinese people in recent years，with more than 2 million 37 (consumer)of the domestic han fu market，38 is worth around 1.09 billion yuan，CCTV reported．‎ As the number of people 39 (adopt)the ancient style of dress in modern times is expected 40 (grow)，stores involved in the renting of hanfu are being set up across China．From April to August last year，the number of stores for renting hanfu in Beijing 41 (rise)to more than 20 from the original four．‎ The hanfu market has experienced a boom in both high-end customized clothing brands and more 42 (afford)options．Statistics coming 43 a domestic e-commerce(国内电商)platform showed that hanfu priced at 100-300 yuan took more than 60 percent market share last year，while those priced over 500 yuan accounted for more than 30 percent．Last year，there were more than 2 million 44 (extreme)keen admirers of hanfu in China，according to a report by HanFu Information，a piece of data 45 (provide)for the platform．The average age of the admirers is 21，and some 88 percent of them are female．‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(满分15分)‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 假定你是校乒乓球队队长李华，在学校网站上获知你校国际班学生Peter发帖寻找一位同学做乒乓球教练。请你给他写一封自荐邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎ 1．自我介绍；‎ ‎ 2．自荐理由；‎ ‎ 3．表达期望。‎ 注意：‎ ‎ 1．词数80左右；‎ ‎ 2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎ 3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Peter，‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua 第二节(满分25分)‎ ‎ 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。‎ I remember that Jim Sloane used to work at the YMCA．He was，in my opinion，an unusual individual who was interested in some rather unusual subjects．The most unusual thing about him was his pet(rumored to have been caught somewhere in Africa)，which reminded me of a piece of stone with eyes，which he called Teddy．Teddy typically just sat there，doing nothing，but sometimes it lifted a lower edge and sucked in powdered sugar．That was all it ate．No one ever saw it move，but every once in a while it wasn’t where people thought it was．There was a theory that it moved when no one was looking．‎ Tim Bellamy，a lifeguard，constantly laughed at poor Teddy，saying mean and awful things about it．Bellamy’s pet looked like an iguana(美洲蜥蜴)，and to me，at least，was the ugliest looking thing that I would ever want to see．He called this‘iguana’by the name of Dolly．‎ Well，one day Sloane had had enough of these comments，and challenged Bellamy to a race．His Teddy against Bellamy’s Dolly．And to make things a bit more interesting．he suggested a rather large bet on the outcome，which Bellamy quickly agreed to．Soon everyone ‎ got into the act．Every one of them bet on Dolly．At least it moved．Sloane covered it a11．He’d been saving his salary for some tlme—for some unusual project．no doubt—and put every penny of it on Teddy．‎ The race course was set in the basement garage．At one end，two bowls were set out，one with powdered sugar for Teddy，and the other with ground meat for Dolly．Dolly started off at once and began moving along the floor slowly toward the meat．‎ Paragraph 1：‎ All in attendance cheered it on．Every one focused on the scene．_____________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2：‎ People cheered for the exciting result．_________________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语模拟测试 ‎1．B细节题。根据Polar expeditions的介绍可知，参加极地探险的人可以观赏到很多自然界的动物。‎ ‎2．C细节题。根据Trekking tours介绍中的最后一句可知，探险者在登山的过程中可以露营。‎ ‎3．C细节题。根据第1段第1句可知，这些探险活动主要针对“朝九晚五”的上班族。‎ ‎4．A词义推测题。本句表示那样的回答可能会使一些人感到惊讶，他们可能希望听到的是“实验不顺利”或“在学术材料的学习中遇到一些困难”。人们一般认为大学生面临的挑战应是学业上的问题，故trudging应与struggling意义相同。‎ ‎5．B推断题。根据第3段可知，导师给他的回应出乎他的意料，使他感受到了真正的支持而非压力。‎ ‎6．B推断题。根据最后一段倒数第4、5句可知，作者希望别人能和他交谈，而不是一味地给他鼓励。‎ ‎7．D主旨大意题。根据全文可知，作者希望来自社区或家人朋友的支持不要变成压力。‎ ‎8．C推断题。根据第1段最后一句可推知，联邦教育项目没有达到目的。‎ ‎9．D推断题。通读最后两段可推知，文章主要通过比较两项研究的结果来说明家庭收入差距影响学生成绩这一严重问题。‎ ‎10．C细节题。根据最后一段第1句可知，Anna Chmielewski认为，造成这两项研究结果不同的原因是他们对家庭收入情况进行划分的方式不同。‎ ‎11．B推断题。根据第3段和文章最后一句可知，研究人员认为，孩子们的成绩差距会进一步加大他们的社会差距，这个问题令人担忧。‎ ‎12．A细节题。根据第1段最后一句和第2段最后一句可知，触碰植物会导致它的基因发生变化，从而阻碍植物的生长。‎ ‎13．B推断题。根据第4段可知，植物对任何触碰都能快速做出反应。‎ ‎14．A推断题。根据最后一段可推知，本段重点介绍这项研究的意义。‎ ‎15．D主旨题。根据全文可知，触碰植物会阻碍它们的生长，它们不喜欢被触碰。‎ ‎16～20 BFAED ‎21．B考查形容词。根据上文可知，我赢得比赛，感到很自豪。‎ ‎22．A考查动词。我从Janice身边经过，但她假装没看见我。‎ ‎23．C考查名词。我思绪万千。‎ ‎24．A考查动词。“为什么她不能接受失败呢?难道她想扰乱我的信心，让我在下一次比赛中无法发挥到最好?”‎ ‎25．D考查动词。‎ ‎26．B考查名词。‎ ‎27．C考查名词。‎ ‎【解题思路】本题易选B项。作者刚赢得比赛，考生可能认为作者的手应该很烫。但根据下文句意可知，因为作者一个人参加比赛，没有人陪伴她，所以作者不用抬头看，也能感觉到每个人都在奇怪地看着她，作者感到尴尬，脸才会发烫。故选face。‎ ‎【命题意图】考生在做完形填空时，一定要瞻前顾后，有些空具有承上启下的作用，考生需要将前后文联系起来判断，至少要以完整的句子结构或段落的意义来分析，有的空甚至要结合整篇文章的背景来推断。‎ ‎28．A考查副词。甚至不用抬头看，我就能感觉到每个人都在奇怪地看着我。‎ ‎29．D考查副词。根据下文可知，我一个人来参加比赛。‎ ‎30．B考查动词。没有一个人来安慰和支持我。‎ ‎31．A考查名词。我独自面对这么多观众。‎ ‎32．C考查形容词。因为我泪流满面，我不愿意抬起头来。‎ ‎33．D考查动词。我怒视了她一眼，实际上是希望她别打扰我。‎ ‎34．A考查动词。我期望她再哭一次，回到她父亲那里。‎ ‎35．B考查名词。片刻的沉默之后，她叹了一口气。‎ ‎36．the 37．consumers 38．which 39．adopting 40．to grow 41．rose 42．affordable 43．from ‎44．extremely 45．provided 第一节 One possible version：‎ Dear Peter，‎ I’m Li Hua，captain of the Table Tennis Team of our schoo1．I’ve learned from the official website of our school that you intend to get a schoolmate to act as your table tennis coach．I am writing to recommend myself to you．‎ First，I'm confident about my table tennis skills．I’ve won the championship in our school table tennis competitions．Second，I have enough spare time to teach you table tennis skills and I anl free every Saturday afternoor. Most importantly，I'm patient and enthusiastic，which I think may be necessary for a coach of a beginner like you．‎ I believe that with my help you will make progress in table tennis．‎ Yours truly，‎ Li Hua 第二节 One possible version：‎ Paragraph 1：‎ All in attendance cheered it on．Every one focused on the scene．Teddy just sat there without moving slightly．“Sugar，Teddy．Sugar．”said Sloane，pointing to the sugar in the bowl．However，Teddy did not move at a11．It looked more like a rock than ever，but Jim Sloane did not seem concerned．Finally，when Dolly had finished half-way across the garage，Sloane said casually to Teddy，“If you don’t get out there，Teddy，I'm going to get a board to hammer you．”That was when people realized how truly different Teddy was．Sloane had no sooner made his threat when Teddy just disappeared from its place and reappeared on top of the sugar．‎ Paragraph 2：‎ People cheered for the eaciting result.Sloane won the race，of course，and he counted his winnings slowly and happily．Tim Bellamy said，disappointed，“You knew that it would do that．”“No，I didn’t，”said Sloane，“but I knew it would win．I’m confident of it．”Then，Sloane headed home with Teddy in his arms．‎