2020年高考英语试卷试题（全国Ⅰ卷）【含答案】 7页

‎2020年高考英语试卷（全国Ⅰ卷）‎ 一、阅读理解 ‎1.‎ TrainInformation AllcustomerstravellingonTransLinkservicesmustbeinpossessionofavalidticketbeforeboarding.Forticketinformation，pleaseaskatyourlocalstationorcall131230.‎ WhileQueenslandRailmakeseveryefforttoensuretrainsrunasscheduled，therecanbenoguaranteeofconnectionsbetweentrainsorbetweentrainservicesandbusservices.‎ Lostproperty(失物招领)‎ CallLostPropertyon131617duringbusinesshoursforitemslostonQueenslandRailservices.‎ ThelostpropertyofficeisopenMondaytoFriday7:30amto5:00pmandislocated(位于)atRomaStreetstation.‎ Publicholidays Onpublicholidays,generallyaSundaytimetableoperates.Oncertainmajoreventdays，i.e.‎ AustraliaDay,AnzacDay,sportingandculturaldays,specialadditionalservicesmayoperate.‎ ChristmasDayservicesoperatetoaChristmasDaytimetable，Beforetravelpleasevisittranslink.com.auorcallTransLinkon131230anytime.‎ Customersusingmobilitydevices Manystationshavewheelchairaccessfromthecarparkorentrancetothestationplatforms.‎ Forassistance,pleaseQueenslandRailon131617.‎ Guardiantrains(outbound)‎ Depart Origin Destination Arrive ‎6:42pm Altandi VarsityLakes ‎7:37pm ‎7:29pm Central VarsityLakes ‎8:52pm ‎8:57pm FortitudeValley VarsityLakes ‎9:52pm ‎11:02pm RomaStreet VarsityLakes ‎12:22am ‎（1）Whatwouldyoudogettickerinformation?‎ A.Call131617. B.Visittranslink.com.au. C.Askatthelocalstation. D.Checkthetrainschedule. ‎ ‎（2）Atwhichstationcanyoufindthelostpropertyoffice?‎ A.Altandi. B.RomaStreet. C.VarsityLakes. D.FortitudeValley. ‎ ‎（3）WhichtrainwouldyoutakeifyougofromCentraltoVarsityLakes?‎ A.6:42pm. B.7:29pm. C.8:57pm. D.11:02pm.‎ ‎2.‎ Returningtoabookyou'vereadmanytimescanfeellikedrinkswithanoldfriend.There'sawelcomefamiliarity-butalsosometimesaslightsuspicionthattimehaschangedyouboth,andthustherelationship.Butbooksdon'tchange,peopledo.Andthat’swhatmakestheactofrereadingsorichandtransformative.‎ Thebeautyofrereadingliesintheideathatourbondwiththeworkisbasedonourpresentmentalregister.It'strue,theolderIget,themoreIfeeltimehaswings.Butwithreading,it'sallaboutthepresent.It'saboutthenowandwhatonecontributestothenow,becausereadingisagiveandtakebetweenauthorandreader.Eachhastopulltheirownweight.‎ TherearethreebooksIrereadannuallyThefirst,whichItaketoreadingeveryspringisEmestHemningway'sAMoveableFeast.Publishedin1964,it'shisclassicmemoirof1920sParis.Thelanguageisalmostintoxicating(令人陶醉的)，anagingwriterlookingbackonanambitiousyetsimplertime.AnotherisAnnieDillard'sHolytheFirm,herpoetic1975ramble(随笔)abouteverythingandnothing.ThethirdbookisJulioCortazar'sSaveTwilight:SelectedPoems,becausepoetry.AndbecauseCortazar.‎ ‎ 7 / 7‎ WhileItendtobuyalotofbooks,thesethreeweregiventomeasgifs,whichmightaddtothemeaningIattachtothem.ButIimaginethat,whilemoneyisindeedwonderfulandnecessary,rereadinganauthor'sworkisthehighestcurrencyareadercanpaythem.Thebestbooksaretheonesthatopenfurtherastimepasses.Butremember,it'syouthathastogrowandreadandrereadinordertobetterunderstandyourfriends.‎ ‎（1）Whydoestheauthorlikerereading?‎ A.Itevaluatesthewriter-readerrelationship.‎ B.It'sawindowtoawholenewworld.‎ C.It'sasubstitutefordrinkingwithafriend.‎ D.Itextendstheunderstandingofoneself.‎ ‎（2）WhatdoweknowaboutthebookAMoveableFeas!?‎ A.It'sabriefaccountofatrip.‎ B.It'saboutHemingway'slifeasayoungman.‎ C.It'sarecordofahistoricevent.‎ D.It'saboutHemingway'sfriendsinParis.‎ ‎（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"currency"inparagraph4referto?‎ A.Debt B.Reward. C.Allowance. D.Facevalue.‎ ‎（4）Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?‎ A.Helovespoetry. B.He'saneditor. C.He'sveryambitious. D.Heteachesreading. ‎ ‎3.‎ Racewalkingsharesmanyfitnessbenefitswithrunning,researchshows,whilemostlikelycontributingtofewerinjuries.Itdoes,however,haveitsownproblem.‎ Racewalkersareconditionedathletes.ThelongesttrackandfieldeventattheSummerOlympicsisthe50-kilometerracewalk,whichisaboutfivemileslongerthanthemarathon.Butthesport'srulesrequirethataracewalker'skneesstaystraightthroughmostofthelegswingandonefootremainincontact（接触）withthegroundatalltimes.It'sthisstrangeformthatmakesracewalkingsuchanattractiveactivity,however,saysJaclynNorberg,anassistantprofessorofexercisescienceatSalemStateUniversityinSalem,Mass.‎ Likerunning,racewalkingisphysicallydemanding,shesays,Accordingtomostcalculations,racewalkersmovingatapaceofsixmilesperhourwouldburnabout800calories（卡路里）perhour,whichisapproximatelytwiceasmanyastheywouldburnwalking,althoughfewerthanrunning,whichwouldprobablyburnabout1,000ormorecaloriesperhour.‎ However,racewalkingdoesnotpoundthebodyasmuchasrunningdoes,Dr.Norbergsays.Accordingtoherresearch,runnershitthegroundwithasmuchasfourtimestheirbodyweightperstep,whileracewalkers,whodonotleavetheground,createonlyabout1.4timestheirbodyweightwitheachstep.‎ Asaresult,shesays,someoftheinjuriesassociatedwithrunning,suchasrunner'sknee,areuncommonamongracewalkers.Butthesport'sstrangeformdoesplaceconsiderablestressontheanklesandhips,sopeoplewithahistoryofsuchinjuriesmightwanttobecautiousinadoptingthesport.Infact,anyonewishingtotryracewalkingshouldprobablyfirstconsultacoachorexperiencedracertolearnpropertechnique,shesays.Ittakessomepractice.‎ ‎（1）Whyareracewalkersconditionedathletes?‎ A.Theymustrunlongdistances.‎ B.Theyarequalifiedforthemarathon.‎ C.Theyhavetofollowspecialrules.‎ D.Theyaregoodatswingingtheirlegs.‎ ‎（2）Whatadvantagedoesracewalkinghaveoverrunning?‎ A.It'smorepopularattheOlympics.‎ B.It'slesschallengingphysically.‎ C.It'smoreeffectiveinbodybuilding.‎ D.It'slesslikelytocausekneeinjuries.‎ ‎（3）WhatisDr.Norberg'ssuggestionforsomeonetryingracewalking?‎ A.Gettingexperts'opinions. B.Havingamedicalcheckup. C.Hiringanexperiencedcoach. D.Doingregularexercises. ‎ ‎（4）Whichwordbestdescribestheauthor'sattitudetoracewalking?‎ ‎ 7 / 7‎ A.Skeptical. B.Objective. C.Tolerant. D.Conservative.‎ ‎4.‎ Theconnectionbetweenpeopleandplantshaslongbeenthesubjectofscientificresearch.Recentstudieshavefoundpositiveeffects.AstudyconductedinYoungstown,Ohio,forexample,discoveredthatgreenerareasofthecityexperiencedlesscrime.Inanother,employeeswereshowntobe15%moreproductivewhentheirworkplacesweredecoratedwithhouseplants.‎ TheengineersattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology(MIT)havetakenitastepfurtherchangingtheactualcompositionofplantsinordertogetthemtoperformdiverse,evenunusualfunctions.Theseincludeplantsthathavesensorsprintedontotheirleavestoshowwhenthey'reshortofwaterandaplantthatcandetectharmfulchemicalsingroundwater."We'rethinkingabouthowwecanengineerplantstoreplacefunctionsofthethingsthatweuseeveryday,"explainedMichaelStrano,aprofessorofchemicalengineeringatMIT.‎ Oneofhislatestprojectshasbeentomakeplantsgrow(发光)inexperimentsusingsomecommonvegetables.Strano'steamfoundthattheycouldcreateafaintlightforthree-and-a-halfhours.Thelight,aboutone-thousandthoftheamountneededtoreadby,isjustastart.Thetechnology,Stranosaid,couldonedaybeusedtolighttheroomsoreventoturntreeintoself-poweredstreetlamps.‎ inthefuture,theteamhopestodevelopaversionofthetechnologythatcanbesprayedontoplantleavesinaone-offtreatmentthatwouldlasttheplant'slifetime.Theengineersarealsotryingtodevelopanonandoff"switch"wheretheglowwouldfadewhenexposedtodaylight.‎ Lightingaccountsforabout7%ofthetotalelectricityconsumedintheUS.Sincelightingisoftenfarremovedfromthepowersource(电源)-suchasthedistancefromapowerplanttostreetlampsonaremotehighway-alotofenergyislostduringtransmission(传输).‎ Glowingplantscouldreducethisdistanceandthereforehelpsaveenergy.‎ ‎（1）Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?‎ A.Anewstudyofdifferentplants.‎ B.Abigfallincrimerates.‎ C.Employeesfromvariousworkplaces.‎ D.Benefitsfromgreenplants.‎ ‎（2）WhatisthefunctionofthesensorsprintedonplantleavesbyMITengineer?‎ A.Todetectplants'lackofwater B.Tochangecompositionsofplants C.Tomakethelifeofplantslonger.‎ D.Totestchemicalsinplants.‎ ‎（3）Whatcanweexpectoftheglowingplantsinthefuture?‎ A.Theywillspeedupenergyproduction.‎ B.Theymaytransmitelectricitytothehome.‎ C.Theymighthelpreduceenergyconsumption.‎ D.Theycouldtaketheplaceofpowerplants.‎ ‎（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?‎ A.Canwegrowmoreglowingplants?‎ B.Howdowelivewithglowingplants?‎ C.Couldglowingplantsreplacelamps?‎ D.Howareglowingplantsmadepollution-free?‎ 二、七选五 ‎5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 ‎ AFewTipsforSelf-Acceptance Weallwantittoacceptandloveourselves.Butattimesitseemstoodifficultandtoofaroutofreach.（1）______Here'sahandfulofwaysthatwillsetyouintherightdirection.‎ ‎●（2）______Donotfollowthepeoplewhomakeyoufeelnot-good-enough.Whydoyoufollowthem?Areyouhopingthateventuallyyouwillfeelempoweredbecauseyourlifeisbetterthantheirs?Knowthatyourlifeisyourown;youaretheonlyyouinthisworld.‎ ‎●Forgiveyourselfformistakesthatyouhavemade.Weareoftenashamedofourshortcomings,ourmistakesandourfailures.（3）‎ ‎ 7 / 7‎ ‎______Youwillmakemistakes,timeandtimeagain.Ratherthangettingcaughtupinhowyoucouldhavedonebetter,whynotofferyourselfacompassionate(有同情心)response?"Thatdidn'tgoasplanned.But,Itriedmybest."‎ ‎●Recognizeallofyourstrengths.Writethemdowninajournal.Begintotrainyourbraintolookatstrengthbeforeweakness.Listallofyouraccomplishmentsandachievements.Youhaveajob,earnedyourdegree,andyougotoutofbedtoday.（4）______‎ ‎●Nowthatyou'velistedyourstrengths,listyourimperfections.Turnthepageinyourjournal.Putintowordswhyyoufeelunworthy,whyyoudon’tfeelgoodenough.Now,readthesewordsbacktoyourself.（5）______Turntoapageinyourjournaltoyourlistofstrengthsandachievements.Seehowawesomeyouare?‎ ‎ A.Feelingupsetagain? B.Wheredoyoustart? C.Nothingistoosmalltocelebrate. D.Remember,youareonlyhuman. E.Setanintentionforself-acceptance. F.Stopcomparingyourselfwithothers. ‎ G.Whendoesthecomparisongamestart?‎ 三、完形填空 ‎6.‎ Sinceourtwinsbeganlearningtowalk,mywifeandIhavekepttellingthemthatourslidingglassdoorisjustawindow.The（1）______isobvious.Ifwe（2）______itisadoor,they'llwanttogooutside（3）______.Itwilldriveuscrazy.Thekidsapparentlyknowthe（4）______.Butourinsistingit's（5）______awindowhaskeptthemfrom（6）______millionsofrequeststoopenthedoor.‎ Ihatelyingtothekids.Onedaythey'll（7）______anddiscoverthateverythingthey'vealwaysknownaboutwindowsisa（8）______.Iwonderif（9）______shouldalwaystellthetruthnomatterthe（10）______.Ihaveaverystrong（11）______thattheliewe'retellingisdoing（12）______damagetoourchildren.Windowsanddoorshave（13）______metaphorical（比喻）meanings.I'mtellingthemtheycan'topenwhattheyabsolutelyknowisadoor.Whatiflaterin（14）______theycometoametaphoricaldoor,likeanopportunity（机会）ofsomesort,and（15）______openingthedoorandtakingtheopportunity,theyjust（16）______itandwonder,"Whatifitisn'tadoor?"Thatis,"Whatifitisn'ta（17）______opportunity?"‎ Maybeit'sanunreasonablefear.Butthe（18）______isthatIshouldn'tlietomykids.Ishouldjust（19）______repeatedlyhavingtosay,"No.Wecan'tgooutsidenow."Thenwhentheycometootherdoorsinlife,betheyrealormetaphorical,theywon't（20）______toopenthemandwalkthrough.‎ ‎（1）A.relief B.target C.reason D.case ‎（2）A.admit B.believe C.mean D.realize ‎（3）A.gradually B.constantly C.temporarily D.casually ‎（4）A.result B.danger C.method D.truth ‎（5）A.merely B.slightly C.hardly D.partly ‎（6）A.reviewing B.approving C.receiving D.attempting ‎（7）A.winout B.giveup C.wakeup D.standout ‎（8）A.dream B.lie C.fantasy D.fact ‎（9）A.parents B.twins C.colleagues D.teachers ‎（10）A.restrictions B.explanations C.differences D.consequences ‎（11）A.demand B.fear C.desire D.doubt ‎（12）A.physical B.biological C.spiritual D.behavioral ‎（13）A.traditional B.important C.double D.original ‎（14）A.life B.time C.reply D.history ‎（15）A.bycomparisonwith B.inadditionto C.regardlessof D.insteadof ‎ ‎（16）A.getholdof B.stareat C.knockon D.makeuseof ‎（17）A.real B.Typical C.similar D.limited ‎（18）A.safetyrule B.comfortzone C.bottomline D.topsecret ‎ 7 / 7‎ ‎（19）A.delay B.regret C.enjoy D.accept ‎（20）A.hurry B.decide C.hesitate D.intend 四、语法填空 ‎7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 ‎ Chinahasbecomethefirstcountrytolandaspacecraftonthefarsideofthemoon.TheunmannedChang'e-4probe(探测器)-thenamewasinspiredbyanancientChinesemoongoddess（1）______(touch)downlastweekintheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin.Landingonthemoon'sfarsideis（2）______(extreme)challenging.Becausethemoon'sbodyblocksdirectradiocommunicationwithaprobe,Chinafirsthadtoputasatelliteinorbitabovethemooninaspot（3）______itcouldsendsignalstothespacecraftandtoEarth.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticular（4）______(interesting)toscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山),moreso（5）______thefamiliarnearside.ChineseresearchershopetousetheinstrumentsonboardChang'e-4（6）______(find)andstudyareasoftheSouthPole-Aitkenbasin."Thisreallyexcitesscientists,"CarlePieters,ascientistatBrownUniversity,says,"becauseit（7）______(mean)wehavethechancetoobtaininformationabouthowthemoon（8）______(construct)"Dataaboutthemoon'scomposition,suchashow（9）______iceandothertreasuresitcontains,couldhelpChinadecidewhether（10）______(it)plansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.‎ 五、短文改错 ‎8.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。下面文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。 注意： 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词； 2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。 ‎ TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.Ilikeeatingfryingtomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmusttobeeasytocook.Mymomtoldmehowtopreparingit.FirstIcutthetomatoesintopiecesbutputthemaside.NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywithchopstick.AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedoffthestove,Iwaitedpatientlyunlesstheoilwashot.ThenIputthetomatoesandthebeateneggsintopantogether."Notthatway,"mymomtriedtostopusbutfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn'ttumoutasIhadwished.‎ 六、书面表达 ‎9.你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1.人物简介； 2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。 注意： 1.词数100左右； 2.短文题目和首句已为你写好。 ‎ ThepersonIrespect Wehavealotofrespectablepeoplearoundus.______‎ ‎ 7 / 7‎ 参考答案与试题解析 ‎2020年高考英语试卷（全国Ⅰ卷）‎ 一、阅读理解 ‎1.C B B ‎2.D B B A ‎3.C D A B ‎4.D A C C 二、七选五 ‎5.B,F,D,C,A 三、完形填空 ‎6.C A B D A D C B A D B C B A D B A C D C 四、语法填空 ‎7.（1）touched,（2）extremely,（3）where,（4）interest,（5）than,（6）tofind,（7）means,（8）isconstructed,（9）much,（10）its 五、短文改错 ‎8.TodayItriedcookingasimply（改为simple）dishmyself.Ilikeeatingfrying（改为fried）tomatoeswitheggs,andIthoughtitmustto（去掉to）beeasytocook.Mymomtoldmehowtopreparing（改为prepare）it.FirstIcutthetomatoesintopiecesbut（改为and）putthemaside.NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywithchopstick（改为chopsticks）.AfterthatIpouredoilintoapanandturnedoff（改为on）thestove,Iwaitedpatientlyunless（改为until/till）theoilwashot.ThenIputthetomatoesandthebeateneggsinto∧（添加the）pantogether."Notthatway,"mymomtriedtostopus（改为me）butfailed.Shewasright.Itdidn'ttumoutasIhadwished.‎ ‎ 7 / 7‎ 六、书面表达 ‎9.ThepersonIrespect Wehavealotofrespectablepeoplearoundus.Theymaybeourteachers,parentsoroneofourelders.Asforme,myfatheristhepersonIrespectmost.Myfatherisateacherwholoveshisworkandhisstudentsverymuch.Heworksveryhardeverydaybuthewillalsosparesometimetoaccompanymeandsharemanyfunnythingswithmeabouthiswork.‎ WhenIcomeacrosstheproblemsoflearninginmystudy,myfatherwilllistentomepatientlyandencouragemetoovercomethedifficultiesbravely.Heachievedalotinhiswork,respectedbyhisstudents.So,inmymindmyfatheristhepersonIrespectmostandIlovehimdeeply.‎ ‎ 7 / 7‎