专题01+名词与冠词（押题专练）-2019年高考英语二轮复习精品资料 9页

一、选择题 ‎1．I often have ________ chat with my friends on ________ phone in my spare time.‎ A．a；the B．the；/ C．the；the D．a；/‎ 答案　A 解析　句意为：在我闲暇时我经常和朋友们在电话里聊天。第一空have a chat with sb.为习惯搭配；第二空on the phone也为习惯搭配。故答案为A。‎ ‎2．Health care workers are at the risk of getting infectious diseases because of their ________ to patients.‎ A．exposure B．discrimination C．guidance D．response 答案　A ‎3．If you want to see a doctor，you fix a date with him ahead of time.That is a common ________ in the USA.‎ A．view B．exercise C．practice D．reality 答案　C 解析　句意为：如果你想去看医生，你要提前和他约定日期。那在美国是一种惯例。common practice意为“普遍的做法，惯例”，符合句意。‎ ‎4．In 2013，Beijing adopted an emergency ____ program for air pollution.‎ A．behavior B．action C．response D．situation 答案　C 解析　句意为：在2013年，北京通过了空气污染应急响应计划。emergency response应急响应。‎ ‎5．Usually the Player of the Year title is given to a big name from the best ‎ team.But this time there is a(n) ________.‎ A．break B．improvement C．exception D．tradition 答案　C 解析　句意为：通常情况下，“年度最佳球员”这一头衔会给最好球队中的大牌运动员，但是这一次却是个例外。由Usually及But可知选C。exception一般情况以外的人(或事物)，例外。‎ ‎6．The fear of failing exams can cause you to panic and stress can be a(n)________ to your performance at school.‎ A．solution B．invitation C．block D．access 答案　C 解析　solution解决方法；invitation邀请，诱因；block障碍，街区，大块；access接近，入口。句意为：对考试失败的恐惧会引起你的恐慌，压力会阻碍你在学校的表现，故选C。‎ ‎7．Although war still exists on our planet，I do believe it’s possible for different ethnic groups to live together in ________.‎ A．agreement B．harmony C．connection D．comparison 答案　B 解析　句意为：尽管我们的星球上依然存在战争，但是我坚信不同种族的人民是能和谐相处的。live together in harmony和谐相处。‎ ‎8．Unfortunately，_____ stone hit him on ______ head and he got injured.‎ A．the；a B．a；/‎ C．a；the D．the；the 答案　C ‎9．I prefer writing ________ letters to talking on ________ phone.‎ A．the；a B．/；the C．the；the D．/；a 答案　B 解析　句意为：和打电话相比，我更喜欢写信。第一空letters为名词复数其前不用冠词；第二空on the phone为习惯搭配。‎ ‎10．It was a difficult job for him.He had tried everything but it made little ________.‎ A．use B．good C．difference D．result 答案　C ‎11．This is our contribution to ________ world of the 21st century，________ world of independence and mutual understanding.‎ A．the；a B．/；a C．a；the D．the；/‎ 答案　A 解析　句意为：这是我们对21世纪的世界的贡献，一个独立的、互相理解的世界。第一空用the，特指“21世纪的世界”；第二空用a，泛指“一个独立的、互相理解的世界”。故答案为A。‎ ‎12．For the final ______ of our journey，we decided to take the coach.‎ A．leg B．round C．distance D．path 答案　A 解析　句意为：在我们旅行的最后一段路程，我们决定乘长途汽车。leg一段路程，一段旅程；round回合；distance距离；path小路，道路。‎ ‎13．Jianbing，one of the most popular snacks in China，appeals to almost everyone in America and has become new ________ food there.‎ A．usual B．hit C．common D．success 答案　B 解析　句意为：煎饼是中国最受欢迎的小吃之一。它几乎吸引了每一个美国人并且已成为那里新的风行一时的食品。usual通常的；hit在此处为名词，意为“成功而轰动(或风行)一时的人或物”；common常见的；success n．成功。‎ ‎14．My neighbor Molly is very kind-hearted.She usually volunteers to help ________ poor in our community out of ________ sympathy.(2017·天津一中4月考，3)‎ A．/；the B．the；/‎ C．a；the D．the；the 答案　B 解析　“the＋形容词”表示一类人，本题中the poor 即是“穷人”之意；out of sympathy 意为“出于同情”，为固定搭配。综上，故选B。‎ ‎15．Time and time again she was warned of the________of her action.‎ A．effects B．results C．importance D．consequences 答案　D 解析　effect影响；result结果；importance重要性；consequence后果，往往指不良后果。题干中的warn(警告)说明此处是“不良后果”，故选D。‎ ‎16．I don’t fully understand what you said，but I have got ________ rough idea of ________ plan.‎ A．a；/ B．/；the C．a；the D．the；the 答案　C ‎17．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your ________.‎ A．condition B．income C．credit D．status 答案　C 解析　句意为：按时支付电子账单是很重要的，因为延期支付会影响你的信用。condition状态，条件；income收入；status地位，身份，情况。credit信誉，信用，符合句意，故选C。‎ ‎18．When the captain found the ship was rapidly sinking，he ordered his men to send out a ________ for help.‎ A．signal B．sign C．symbol D．signature 答案　A 解析　句意为：当船长发现该船在迅速下沉时，他命令手下发出求救信号。signal信号，符合语境。sign符号，手势；symbol象征；signature签名，签字，署名。‎ ‎19．One of ________ most common illnesses in our society is “time sickness”，________ sense of time pressure and hurry that causes anxiety and tension.‎ A．/；a B．/；the C．the；a D．the；the 答案　C 解析　第一空最高级前用定冠词the；第二空a sense of意为“……感”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎20．True happiness does not lie in the ________ of money，but the joy of achievement.‎ A．possession B．profession C．permission D．persuasion 答案　A 解析　句意为：真正的幸福不在于金钱的占有，而在于取得成就的喜悦。possession占有；profession职业；permission允许；persuasion说服。 ‎ 二、单词填空 ‎1．Don't wait for an ________ (apologize)．“Many times the person who hurt you may never think of apologizing，” says Dr.Luskin.‎ ‎【答案】apology　【解析】句意：不要等待道歉。拉斯科说：“多次伤害你的人也许从来就不会考虑道歉。”不定冠词an后须用名词形式，根据apologize可知答案填apology。‎ ‎2．ike many popular restaurants in Paris，________(reserve)are hard to get at Dave，so I wasn't surprised to find a complete sign hanging over the red door.‎ ‎3．He pushed and pulled with all his ________(strong)to move it.‎ ‎【答案】strength　【解析】句意：他用力地推拉将它(石头)移走。分析句子结构可知，with后面接名词，故填strength。‎ ‎4．He asked ________(permit)to introduce his friend，whose name was Mr Wickham，and who had apparently arrived recently from London.‎ ‎【答案】permission　【解析】句意：他请求允许介绍他的朋友，他的朋友威克姆先生，显然是最近从伦敦来的。根据句子结构可知，此处动词ask后面须用名词，故填permission。‎ ‎5．Experts hope the whole society pay more attention to the mental health of ________(adolescent)．‎ ‎【答案】adolescents　【解析】句意：专家们希望全社会都来关心青少年的心理健康。根据句意可知，此处泛指“青少年”，用复数表示泛指，故填adolescents。‎ ‎6．Girls are luckier than boys；they have more flexible ________(choose)than boys.‎ ‎【答案】choices　【解析】句意：女孩比男孩要幸运些，她们比男孩有更灵活的选择。前面flexible是形容词，后面须接名词；choice此处应为可数名词，意味着多种选择，故填choices。‎ ‎7．I have a strong ________(believe)that one day Chinese students can buy these tickets，too.‎ ‎【答案】belief　【解析】句意：我坚信有朝一日中国学生也会购买这些票。空白处前面有a strong修饰，说明空白处须填可数名词单数。‎ ‎8．So I asked her why she sat there in ________(silent)．‎ ‎【答案】silence　【解析】句意：因此我问她为什么坐在那里沉默不语。in silence“沉默”，是固定用法。‎ ‎9．About 20 percent of ________(baby)feel nervous when they see strangers.‎ ‎【答案】babies　【解析】句意：约百分之二十的婴儿见到陌生人会感到紧张。baby是可数名词，前面有百分数修饰，故用复数形式。‎ ‎10．There was never a time when I had not called him and he did not call me right back within a couple of ________(hour)．‎ ‎11．In the centre of the main road into the town，he placed ______ very large stone.‎ ‎【答案】a　【解析】句意：他在进城的主干道中间放了一块很大的石头。在此stone作可数名词，意为“一块石头”，前面需要用不定冠词a。‎ ‎12.when they heard the sound of horses，and saw Darcy and Bingley riding down the street.______ two gentlemen came straight towards the ladies to greet them.‎ ‎【答案】The　【解析】句意：……这时她们听到了马嘶的声音，看见达西和宾利骑着马在街上走来。这两位男士径直朝那些女士们走来问候。根据上文可知，此处的gentlemen指上文中的达西和宾利，须用定冠词the。‎ ‎13．They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things ______ same way.‎ ‎【答案】the　【解析】句意：他们可能想过要伤害你，或者他们并没有用同样的方式看待事情。当名词前面有形容词same修饰时，same前面必须加定冠词the。‎ ‎14．On the third day，I received a message from Mike's wife that she said Mike had been killed in ______ unexplained truck crash on the morning of my call.‎ ‎【答案】an　【解析】句意：第三天，我收到了来自迈克妻子的短信，她说在我打电话的那天早上迈克在一次不明原因的卡车撞击事故中死亡。此处泛指“一次不明原因的车祸”，故用不定冠词；unexplained以元音音素开头，故填an。‎ ‎15．Covering ______ area of 16，800 square kilometers with a population of about 11 million，Beijing has 18 districts and counties under its jurisdiction(管辖)．‎ ‎【答案】an　【解析】句意：占地16 800平方千米，拥有约1 100万人口的北京市，管辖着18个区和县。an area of“面积是……”，是固定短语。‎ ‎16．What if your first choice is wrong？If so，just give yourself ______ second chance.‎ ‎17．So God turned it into ______ dog.‎ ‎【答案】a　【解析】句意：所以上帝把它变成了一条狗。此处泛指“一条狗”，所以填不定冠词。‎ ‎18．A government study has found that South Korean children are ______ least happy compared to children in 29 other developed countries.‎ ‎【答案】the　【解析】句意：政府研究发现，与其他29个发达国家的儿童相比韩国儿童是最不快乐的。形容词最高级前用定冠词。‎ ‎19．I am ______ reporter from the New York Times.‎ ‎【答案】a　【解析】句意：我是来自《纽约时报》的一名记者。泛指“一名记者”，表示身份，用不定冠词。‎ ‎20．I consider myself very lucky because I was ______ only one of my friends who had their dads around.‎ ‎【答案】the　【解析】句意：我认为自己很幸运，因为我是朋友当中唯一一个爸爸在身边的。only前一般用定冠词，表示“唯一的”。‎ 三、语法填空 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ A man came to the USA from another country.After 1. (settle)down at an island，he went into a cafeteria to get something 2. (eat)．He sat down at an empty table and waited for someone to take his order，but nobody did. 3. (final)，a woman with a tray full of food sat down opposite him and informed him 4. the cafeteria worked.‎ ‎“Start out at that end，” she said.“Just go along the line and pick out what you want.At 5. other end they'll tell you how much you have to pay.”‎ ‎“I soon 6. (learn)how everything worked in the USA，”the man told his friend.“Life's a cafeteria there.You can get anything you want as long as you are willing to pay the price.You can even get success，7. you'll never get it if you wait for someone to bring it for you.You have to get up and get it 8. ‎ ‎．”‎ You can't change the inevitable.The only thing you can do 9. (be)to control your attitude.Once you reach that point in life，happiness and 10. (satisfy)can't be too far away.‎ ‎7．解析：but。句意：你甚至可以获得成功，但如果你等别人把它拿给你，你永远都不会得到它。‎ ‎8．解析：yourself。根据句意可知你不得不自己去做，所以这里用反身代词yourself。‎ ‎9．解析：is。此处是主系表结构。‎ ‎10．解析：satisfaction。and连接两个并列成分，根据happiness可知此处用名词形式。‎ ‎ ‎