2017届高考英语（人教版）一轮教师文档讲义：选修6 unit 5 10页

‎ [话题素材——大自然的力量]‎ 好词 ‎1．natural adj. 自然的 2.preserve vt. 保护；保留；保存 ‎3．responsibility n. 责任 4.typhoon n. 台风 ‎5．volcano n．火山 6.first of all 首先 ‎7．contribute to 导致 8.be aware of 意识到 ‎9．on account of 由于；因为 10.get close to nature 接近大自然 ‎11．go picnicking 去野餐 12.in the long run 从长远来看 ‎13．natural resources 自然资源 14.negative effect 负面影响 ‎15．improve the quality of life for humans 提高人类的生活质量 佳句 ‎1．Now more and more people become_aware_that the present environment has_much_to_do_with what we have done to the earth.‎ 现在，越来越多的人开始认识到，目前的环境与我们对地球的所作所为有很大关系。‎ ‎2．Because_of the behavior of our human beings, the earth is_faced_with great pressure.‎ 由于人类活动的影响，地球面临着巨大的压力。‎ ‎3．It is good to learn at_another_man's_cost.‎ 前车之鉴。‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ Natural Disasters Compared with natural disasters, humans are quite weak. In the past hundred years, there have been frequent natural disasters, such as floods, droughts, mudrock flows, seismic sea waves, earthquakes, windstorms and the stretching of new deserts. The disasters have killed millions of people, destroyed countless homes, and wiped out numerous pieces of fertile land.‎ It is urgent for us to do our best to protect the earth and make it a lovely place suitable to live in, for we have nowhere to go and survive except where we are now.‎ ‎ 高频单词 ‎1．erupt (vi.) (指火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption (n.) 火山爆发；(战争等)爆发 ‎2．appoint (vt.) 任命；委派→appointment (n.) 约定；任命 ‎3．evaluate (vt.) 评估；评价；估计→evaluation (n.) 评估 ‎4．absolute (adj.) 绝对的；完全的→absolutely (adv.) 绝对地；完全地 ‎5．suit (n.) 一套外衣；套装 (vt.) 适合；使适宜→suitable (adj.) 合适的；适宜的 ‎6．actual (adj.) 实在的；实际的→actually (adv.) 实际上 ‎7．anxious (adj.) 忧虑的；不安的→anxiously (adv.) 不安地→anxiety (n.) 担心；焦虑；渴望 ‎8．diverse (adj.) 多种多样的；不同的→diversity (n.) 多种多样；多样性 ‎9．panic (vi.&vt.) 惊慌 (n.) 惊慌；恐慌→panicked (过去式/过去分词)‎ ‎10．appreciation (n.) 欣赏；感激；感谢→appreciate (vt.) 欣赏；感激 ‎ 重点短语 ‎1．burn_to_the_ground　　　　　　全部焚毁 ‎2．make_one's_way 前往 ‎3．glance_through 匆匆看一遍 ‎4．vary_from...to... 由……到……不等 ‎5．compare...with... 与……相比 ‎6．be_appointed_as 被委派为……‎ ‎7．be_about_to_do_sth. 即将做某事 ‎8．give_birth_to 生产；产生 ‎9．be_suitable_for 适合……‎ ‎10．have_a_gift_for 有……的天赋 ‎2017　　选修6　Unit 5　The power of nature ‎ 热点句型 ‎1．现在分词作状语 Having_collected_and_evaluated_the_information (收集和评估这些信息之后), I help other scientists to predict where lava from the volcano will flow next and how fast.(教材P34)‎ ‎2．be about to do... when...“刚要……这时……”‎ I was_about_to_go_back_to_sleep_when (刚要回去睡觉这时) suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.(教材P34)‎ ‎3．独立主格结构 The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study, but this_being_my_first_experience (这是我的第一次经历), I stayed at the top and watched them.(教材P35)‎ ‎4．It is said that...“据说……”‎ It_is_said_that (据说) this boy, who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.(教材P39)‎ ‎ 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．Although my job is occasionally dangerous, I don't mind because danger ________ (excite) me and ________ (make) me feel alive.‎ 答案：excites; makes　空处所在的句子主语为danger，故谓语应为单数形式。‎ ‎2．However, the most important thing about my job is ________ I help protect ordinary ‎ people from one of the most powerful forces on earth—the volcano.‎ 答案：that　that引导表语从句，不作句子成分，但也不能省略。‎ ‎3．I was ________ (appoint) as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago.‎ 答案：appointed　be appointed as“被任命为”。‎ ‎4．________ (work) hard all day, I went to bed early.‎ 答案：Having worked　句意：我工作了一整天，很早就上床睡觉了。考查分词的完成式作状语，表示该动作发生于谓语动词之前。‎ ‎5．I was fast asleep ________ suddenly my bed began shaking and I heard a strange sound.‎ 答案：when　when在此意为“这时(突然)……”。‎ ‎6．I ran out of the house into the back garden ________ I could see Mount Kilauea in the distance.‎ 答案：where　where引导定语从句，并在从句中充当地点状语。‎ ‎7．They were bathing in Tianchi ________ a bird flew above them.‎ 答案：when　该句考查be doing...when...“正在做……这时……”句式。‎ ‎8．The land varies in height ________ 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres.‎ 答案：from　vary from...to...“在……到……的范围内变化；从……到……不等”。‎ ‎9．There are many stories ________ (tell) about Tianchi.‎ 答案：told　stories与tell存在逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用过去分词作其后置定语。‎ ‎10．________ is said that this boy, who had a great gift ________ languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.‎ 答案：It; for　It is said that...“据说……”；have a gift for...“对……有天赋”。‎ ‎1　　appoint　vt.任命；委派；指定；约定 I was appointed as a volcanologist working for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO) twenty years ago.(P34)‎ 二十年前我被任命为火山学家，为夏威夷火山天文台工作。‎ ‎(1)appoint sb. (as/to_be)．..任命某人为……‎ appoint sb. to_do sth.委派某人做某事 appoint a time/place for 为……约定时间/地点 ‎(2) appointment n. 任命；约会 make/have/fix an appointment with sb.与某人预约 keep/break an appointment守/违约 ‎①[牛津词典]They appointed_him_(as) captain of the English team.‎ 他们任命他为英格兰队队长。‎ ‎②[2014·安徽高考]She asked me where I was staying and next morning she was waiting at my apartment at the appointed_time to take me to Disney World.‎ 她问我在哪儿住，第二天她在我们约定好的时间在我的公寓等我，带我去了迪斯尼乐园。‎ ‎③[2015·陕西高考]A salesman who is not punctual may not make a sale if he arrives late for an appointment.‎ 如果约会迟到的话，一个不守时的销售员可能不会卖出东西的。‎ ‎2　　suit　n. 一套外衣；套装　vt.适合；使适宜 We had white protective suits that covered our whole body, helmets, big boots and special gloves.(P34)‎ 我们都穿着白色的防护服遮住全身，戴上了头盔和特别的手套，还穿了一双大靴子。‎ ‎(1)a suit of一套/副 ‎(2)suit sb. (fine) (很)合某人的意； 对某人(很)合适 suit...to... 使……适合于……‎ ‎(3)suitable adj. 适当的；相配的 be suitable for 适合于 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 ‎①[2014·江西高考]When we accept progress and adapt it to suit_our_needs,_a new “past” is created.‎ 当我们接受了进步并使它适应符合我们的需要时，一个新的“过去”出现了。‎ ‎②[牛津词典]If you want to go by bus, that suits_me_fine.‎ 如果你想坐公共汽车去，那对我也非常合适。‎ ‎③[2013·课标全国卷Ⅰ]This position is equally suitable_for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.‎ 这个职位同样适合于毕业生或有办公经验的人。‎ 易混辨析 suit 多指合乎需要、口味、性格、条件、地位、时间、款式等 match 多指色调、形状、性质等方面的搭配 fit 多指大小、形状的合适 ‎④[一言辨异]I want to take this jacket because it fits me well and matches my trousers, though the style doesn't suit me.‎ 尽管样式不适合我，但我还是想买这件夹克，因为我穿着很合身而且它和我的裤子很配。‎ ‎3　　anxious　adj.忧虑的；不安的 I was so anxious and couldn't move at first.(P38)‎ 我非常担心，一开始吓得动弹不得。‎ ‎(1)be anxious to do sth.急于做……‎ be anxious for/about sb./sth.担心/忧虑……‎ be anxious for sb. to do sth.急于让某人做……‎ be anxious that...急切希望……(that从句用虚拟语气should＋v.，其中should可以省略)‎ ‎(2)anxiety n．忧虑；担心；渴望 with anxiety焦虑地 ‎(3)anxiously adv.焦虑地；不安地 ‎①[2015·陕西高考]You will be anxious if you set out for a dinner late.‎ 如果你去就餐动身晚了你就会感到焦虑。‎ ‎②[牛津词典]She was_anxious_to_finish school and get a job.‎ 她渴望毕业，然后找工作。‎ ‎③[2014·天津高考]Anxiously,_she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn't fit.‎ 她急切地从袋子里取出那条裙子试穿了一下，结果发现它不合身。‎ ‎④I'm very anxious_about my parents' health.‎ 我非常担心父母的健康。‎ ‎4　　guarantee　vt.保证；担保；使……免受损失或伤害；确保　n．保证；保证书 If you are lucky enough to visit the Lake of Heaven with your loved one, don't forget to drop a coin into the clear blue water to guarantee your love will be as deep and lasting as the lake itself.(P39)‎ 如果你有幸同你所爱的人同去天池，别忘了投一枚硬币到清澈碧蓝的水中，以确保你们的爱情像湖水一样幽深而长久。‎ ‎(1)guarantee sb. sth. 保证某人某事 guarantee to_do sth. 保证/担保做某事 guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人保证/担保某事 ‎(2)give sb. a guarantee that... 向某人保证……‎ under guarantee 在保修期内 ‎①[2013·广东高考]Consistent, hard work won't guarantee_you_the_level_of_success you may want.‎ 持续勤奋的工作并不能保证你得到你或许想要的那种层次的成功。‎ ‎②[朗文词典]I can not guarantee_to_work for more than a year.‎ 我不能保证工作一年以上。‎ ‎③The car is less than a year old, so it is still under_guarantee.‎ 这辆汽车用了还不满一年，因此仍在保修期内。‎ 过关演练 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．[2014·湖北高考]We entered the park and I made an ________ (appoint) for the following day.‎ 答案：appointment　make an appointment “约会；预约”。‎ ‎2．Now that you have all your ________ (equip), we can get started.‎ 答案：equipment　形容词性物主代词后接名词，且equipment为不可数名词。句意：既然你已经拥有了所有的装备，我们可以开始了。‎ ‎3．[2015·陕西高考]Being punctual, we can avoid ________ (anxious)．‎ 答案：anxiety　句意：守时可以令我们避免焦虑。句中avoid后缺少宾语，故应填名词形式。‎ ‎4．It is ________ (absolute) necessary to type the patient's blood before a blood transfusion.‎ 答案：absolutely　句意：输血前测定病人的血型是绝对必要的。修饰形容词necessary应用副词形式。‎ ‎5．A good teacher suits his lessons ________ the age of his pupils.‎ 答案：to　suit...to...“使……适合于……”。‎ ‎6．[2013·江西高考]________(panic), she began to scream.‎ 答案：Panicking　考查分词作状语。panic与句子主语she构成逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词。‎ ‎7．In the absence of ________ (actually) data, no reliance can be placed on such figures.‎ 答案：actual　句意：在缺乏实际资料的情况下，这样的数据不可靠。修饰名词date应用形容词。‎ ‎8．[2013·浙江高考]Things are ________ (guarantee) 100 percent—to get better.‎ 答案：guaranteed　句意：100%的保证事情能越来越好。be guaranteed to do sth.“肯定会做某事”。‎ ‎9．Most people become ________ (comfortable) when stared at by others.‎ 答案：uncomfortable　句意：大多数人当被别人注视时会感到不舒服。‎ ‎10．I would like to express my ________ (appreciate) and thanks to you all.‎ 答案：appreciation　句意：我想对你们所有人表达我的感激和谢意。由空前的my一词可知应填名词形式。‎ ‎1　　make one's way 前往 It was not easy to walk in these suits, but we slowly made our way to the edge of the crater and looked down into the red, boiling centre.(P35)‎ 穿着这些衣服走起路来实在不容易，但我们还是缓缓往火山口的边缘走去，并且向下看到了红红的沸腾的火山中心。‎ ‎①[2014·湖南高考]As Mrs Totten made_her_way from the beginning of the class, I desperately tried to determine which math problem I would get.‎ 当Totten夫人从教室的前面走过来时，我拼命在想我会得到什么样的数学题。‎ ‎②[2014·湖北高考]I was on_my_way_to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car.‎ 我在去书店的路上，正在十字路口等绿灯时，一个大约十岁的女孩被一辆车撞倒了。‎ ‎③Without experience on it, we have to feel_our_way.‎ 由于在这方面没有经验，我们必须摸索着前进。‎ ‎2　　vary from...to... 由……到……不等 The land varies rare in height from 700 metres above sea level to over 2,000 metres and is home to a great diversity of rare plants and animals.(P39)‎ 这里地面的高度由海拔700米至2000多米不等，是多种多样的珍稀动植物的生长地。‎ ‎(1)vary from 和……不同 vary with... 随……而变化 vary in size/colour 大小/颜色不一样 vary between...and.../from...to... 由……到……情况不等；在……到……之间变动 ‎(2)variety n. 种类；多样化 various adj. 各种各样的 a variety of＝varieties of＝various 各种各样的 ‎①[2014·广东高考]Class sizes vary_from one to one hundred and resources can be basic, but your students will welcome you with open arms.‎ 班级大小从一人到百人不等，资源很基础，但学生们会敞开怀抱欢迎你们的。‎ ‎②[朗文词典]The T－shirts are available in a_wide_variety_of colors.‎ 各种颜色的T恤都有。‎ ‎③[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]Visit the palace and its various historic gardens, which include the famous maze (迷宫) where it is easy to get lost!‎ 参观这里的宫殿和历史园林，包括很容易迷路的著名的迷宫！‎ 过关演练 选词填空 make one's way； vary from...to...； make efforts； compare...with...； make an appointment； be anxious about； burn to the ground； get into a panic ‎1．Should I ________ with you for the next two days?‎ 答案：make an appointment ‎2．Jim ________ when he realized he'd forgotten to do his homework.‎ 答案：got into a panic ‎3．________ the past libraries, today's libraries are equipped much better.‎ 答案：Compared with ‎4．The ages of the kids in the kindergarten ________ 2 years old ________ 5 years old.‎ 答案：vary from; to ‎5.My leg got hurt, but I ________ home.‎ 答案：made my way ‎6．The mother ________ his son's health.‎ 答案：was anxious about ‎7．[2015·广东高考]While ________ to run away, she fell over the hill and died.‎ 答案：making efforts ‎8．The building was ________ last night.‎ 答案：burnt to the ground ‎1　　It_is_said_that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion, is the father of the Manchu people.(P39)‎ 据说这个男孩就是满族人的祖先，他具有很强的语言天赋和说服力。‎ 句中It is said that... 为固定句式，意为“据说……”，it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句。该结构相当于people say that...，还可以改成sb. is said to do sth.结构，其中不定式有时态和语态的变化。‎ 语境助记 ‎①[2014·安徽高考]It_is_said_that rap (说唱) music was invented by a classical musician in 1912.‎ 据说，说唱音乐是由一名古典音乐家在1912年发明的。‎ ‎②[2014·江西高考]He_is_thought__to_have_acted foolishly. Now he has no one but himself to blame for losing the job. ‎ 大家认为他表现得太愚蠢了，现在失去工作也只能怪自己。‎ ‎③It_was_reported_that more than 180 people had been killed in the fire.‎ 据报道，180多人在那场大火中丧生。‎ 过关演练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．The problem ________ (solve), the quality has been improved.‎ 答案：solved　考查独立主格结构。the problem与solve为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填solved。‎ ‎2．There ________ (be) no one else to turn to, I had to come to see you.‎ 答案：being　句意：没有别人可以去求助，所以我不得不来找你。独立主格结构做原因状语。‎ ‎3．________ is hoped that the crops will grow better.‎ 答案：It　句意：人们希望庄稼会长得更好些。It is hoped that...“人们希望……”。‎ ‎4．He is thought ________ (write) a novel now.‎ 答案：to be writing　句意：人们认为他现在正在写一本小说。由句意可知该动作正在进行，故用不定式的进行式。‎ Ⅱ.句型转换 It is said that John is one of the best students in the class.‎ ‎→________________ one of the best students in the class.‎ 答案：John is said to be Ⅲ.翻译句子 据报道昨晚发生了火灾。‎ ‎________________________________________________________‎ 答案：It is reported that a fire broke out last night./A fire is reported to have broken out last night.‎ v．ing作状语 ‎1．时间状语 Walking (walk) along the street, I met Mary.‎ ‎2．原因状语 Being (be) tired, I stopped to have a rest.‎ ‎3．条件状语 Turning (turn) to the left, you'll find the school.‎ ‎4．让步状语 Knowing (know) where I live, he never comes to see me.‎ ‎5．伴随状语 I stood there, waiting (wait) for the bus.‎ ‎6．结果状语 It rained heavily, causing (cause) severe flooding in the area.‎ ‎7．v.ing的完成式 ‎①句型 ‎②用法：v.ing的完成式表示动作发生时间早于谓语动词 Having finished (finish) my work, I went home.‎ ‎8．注意事项 ‎①现在分词作状语，其逻辑主语必须与主句的主语一致。‎ ‎②分词短语作状语时，与主句之间不可出现并列连词。‎ ‎③分词的否定形式是在分词前加not, never等否定词构成。‎ 过关演练 单句语法填空 用括号内单词的正确形式填空 ‎1．________ (walk) slowly across the grass, he pointed the gun at the lion and fired.‎ 答案：Walking　主语he与walk之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎2．[2013·北京高考]________ (find) the course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level.‎ 答案：Finding　句意：发现这门课程很难，她决定转学难度小一些的课程。主语she与动词find之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作原因状语。‎ ‎3．[2013·四川高考]________ (know) which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice.‎ 答案：Not knowing　句意：因为不知道上哪所大学，那个女孩向她的老师请教。此处the girl与know是主动关系，所以用knowing作原因状语，其否定形式是在分词前加not。‎ ‎4．________ (eat) his dinner, the boy rushed out.‎ 答案：Having eaten　the boy和eat之间为主动关系，且eat先于谓语rushed之前发生。‎ ‎5．________(defeat) many times, he didn't lose heart.‎ 答案：Having been defeated　句意：尽管被打败多次，但他没有气馁。defeat表示的动作发生在谓语动作之前且表示被动，故填having been defeated。‎