2017届高考英语（人教版）一轮教师文档讲义：必修1 unit 2 13页

‎ [话题素材——语言和文化]‎ 好词 ‎1．master vt. 掌握 2.improve v. 提高，改善 ‎3．command vt./n. 命令；指令 4.standard n. 标准 ‎5．usage n. 使用；用法 ‎6．form_the_habit_of_reading 养成阅读习惯 ‎7．step_by_step 逐步地，一步步地 ‎8．play a role in... 在……中起作用 ‎9．develop one's interest 培养兴趣 ‎10．take_an_active_part_in... 积极参加……‎ ‎11．make full use of 充分利用 ‎12．give_sb._some_advice_on how to learn English 给某人一些关于如何学英语的建议 ‎13．look_up the word 查单词 ‎14．enlarge one's vocabulary 扩大词汇量 ‎15．improve writing skills 提高写作能力 佳句 ‎1．Learning_English_well depends on reading widely and largely.‎ 学好英语取决于大量地广泛地阅读。‎ ‎2．With_the_constant_development_of_the_society,_English has played_a_more_and_more_important_part_in our daily life.‎ 随着社会的不断发展，英语在我们日常生活中起到越来越重要的作用。‎ ‎3．From_what_has_been_mentioned_above,_we can draw a conclusion that_we_should_not_only_learn_English_but_also_master_‎ it_as_fast_as_possible.‎ 综上所述，我们可得出一个结论：我们不仅要学英语，而且要尽可能快地掌握英语。‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ Dear fellow students，‎ I'd like to introduce you to a new website－easyenglish. com.‎ The purpose of setting up such a website is to develop your interest of learning English and make learning English easy and enjoyable for us students. A wide variety of English materials are available in this website, such as English exercises, foreign cultures and short English stories. And you can also enjoy chatting in English here with other English learners so that you can improve both your oral and written English.Furthermore, if you'd like to show your own English ‎ writings and exchange your English learning experience with others, this website is your best choice. Meanwhile, your English can get improved by being corrected by others.‎ Welcome to surf this website and enjoy learning English！‎ ‎ 高频单词 ‎1．official (adj.) 官方的；正式的；公务的→office (n.) 办公室→officer (n.) 官员 ‎2．voyage (n.) 航海；航行 ‎3．native (adj.) 本国的；本地的(n.) 本地人；本国人 ‎4．actually (adv.) 实际上；事实上→actual (adj.)‎ ‎5．base (vt.) 以……为根据 (n.) 基部；基地；基础→basic (adj.) 基本的；基础的→basis (n.) 基础；基本原则 ‎6．gradual (adj.) 逐渐的；逐步的→gradually (adv.) 逐渐地；逐步地 ‎7．vocabulary (n.) 词汇；词汇量；词表 ‎8．present (n.) 礼物；目前 (adj.) 到场的；出席的 (vt.) 提交；赠予；展现；呈现 ‎9．fluent (adj.) 流利的；流畅的→fluently (adv.) 流利地；流畅地 ‎10．frequent (adj.) 频繁的；常见的→frequently (adv.) 常常；频繁地→frequency (n.) 频率 ‎11．command (n. & vt.) 命令；指令；掌握 ‎12．request (n. & vt.) 请求；要求 ‎13．latter (adj.) 较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→latest (adj.) 最新的；最近的→later (adv.) 后来 (adj.) 后期的→lately (adv.) 近来；最近→late (adj./adv.) 迟地；晚的 ‎14．expression (n.) 词语；表达；表情→express (vt.) 表达 ‎15．straight (adv.) 直接；挺直 (adj) 直的；笔直的 ‎ 重点短语 ‎1．more_than　　　超过；非常；不只是；不仅是 ‎ ‎2．at_present 现在；目前 ‎3．make_use_of 利用；使用 ‎4．such_as 例如……；像这种的 ‎5．play_a_part_(in) 扮演一个角色；参与 ‎6．come_up 走近；上来；提出 ‎7．even_if 即使 ‎8．because_of 因为；由于 ‎ ‎9．be_based_on 以……为基础 ‎ ‎10．a_number_of 若干；许多 ‎ ‎11．believe_it_or_not 信不信由你 ‎ 热点句型 ‎1．疑问词＋do you think/believe/imagine/guess...＋其他 ‎ Which_country_do_you_think(你认为哪个国家)has the most English learners？(教材P9)‎ ‎2．even if引导让步状语从句相当于even though，意为“即使，尽管”‎ Native English speakers can understand each other _even_if_they_‎ don't_speak_the_same_kind_of_English(即使他们所讲的英语不尽相同)．(教材P10)‎ ‎3．more...than...“与其说……倒不如说……”‎ It was_based_more_on_German (更多的是以德语为基础)than the English we speak at present.(教材P10)‎ ‎4．it is/was＋adj.(＋for sb.)＋to do...‎ It_is_not_easy for a Chinese person to_speak English as well as a native English speaker.(教材P11)‎ 对中国人来说，想把英语说得像英国人一样好，并不是件容易的事。‎ ‎5．“no such＋可数名词单数”意为“没有这样的……”‎ Believe it or not, there is no_such_thing_as_standard_English (没有像标准英语这样的东西)．(教材P13)‎ ‎6．This/That is because...“这/那是因为……”‎ This_is_because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English.(教材P13)‎ 这是因为在早些时候，人们期望电台节目中的新闻播音员英语说得很棒。‎ ‎ 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．Today, ________(many) people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.‎ 答案：more　根据“than ever before”可知此处填比较级。‎ ‎2．The number of people ________(learn) English in China ________ (be) increasing rapidly.‎ 答案：learning; is　第一空考查分词作定语，learn与people之间为主动关系，故填learning；第二空考查主谓一致，主语是the number，故谓语用单数is。‎ ‎3．________ (actual) all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate________each other.‎ 答案：Actually; with　第一空考查词形转换，此处应填副词；第二空考查固定用法，communicate with “与……交流”。‎ ‎4．Later in the 18th century some British people ________(take) to Australia too.‎ 答案：were taken　考查时态和语态。people与take之间为被动关系，根据in the 18th century，可知填were taken。‎ ‎5．________fact, China may have ________ largest number of English learners.‎ 答案：In; the　第一空为固定用法“事实上”；第二空考查最高级与the连用。‎ ‎6．People from England made voyages ________(conquer) other parts of the world and because ________ that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.‎ 答案：to conquer; of　第一空为不定式作目的状语；第二空为固定用法。‎ ‎7．The USA is a large country ________ many different dialects are spoken.‎ 答案：where　考查定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，应填关系副词，且先行词表地点，故填where。‎ ‎8．Believe ________ or not, there is no such thing ________ standard English.‎ 答案：it; as　两空均为固定用法：“believe it or not”意为“信不信由你”；第二空为“such...as”结构。‎ ‎9．On TV and the radio, you will hear differences in the way ________ people speak.‎ 答案：that　考查the way作先行词时的定语从句用法。从句中缺少状语，故用that/in which，因只能填1个单词，故填that。‎ ‎10．Many people believe the English ________(speak) on TV and the radio is standard English.‎ 答案：spoken　考查分词作定语。speak与English之间为被动关系，故填spoken。‎ ‎1　　base　vt.以……为根据　n．基部；基地；基础 It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.(P10)‎ 当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。‎ ‎(1)base...on...根据……；以……为基础 ‎(sth.) be based on...以……为基础 at the base of...以……为基础；在……底部 ‎(2)basis n．基础，基本原则 on the basis of根据，在……的基础上，基于 ‎(3)basic adj.基本的；基础的 ‎①[2015·广东高考]This suggests that British attitudes towards accent have deep roots and are_based_on class prejudice.‎ 这表明了英国人对待语音的态度有很深的渊源，并建立在等级偏见的基础上。‎ ‎②[2015·陕西高考]The dog had initially been knocked unconscious but had survived by drinking water from a fresh stream at_the_base_of the cliff.‎ 最初这条狗被摔得失去了意识，但在悬崖底部靠喝小溪的水存活下来。‎ ‎③[2015·福建高考]The research group produced two reports based_on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.‎ 这个研究团队以调查为基础得出了两个报告，但是两个报告里面没有任何有用的参考。‎ ‎－名师点睛－‎ 在“base...on/upon...”结构中，base是及物动词，base后要跟宾语，否则要用被动形式“be based on/upon”形式。‎ ‎④Basing_an_important_decision_more_on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.‎ 把一个重要的决定更多地建立在情感基础上，而不是以理性思考为基础，你迟早会后悔的。‎ ‎2　　command　n．[C]命令；指令；[U]掌握　vt.命令；指挥；支配 Can you find the following command and request from Reading？(P12)‎ 你能从阅读中找出下面的命令和要求吗？‎ ‎(1)at one's command听从某人的支配 under one's command由……指挥；由某人统帅 take command of控制；担任……的指挥 ‎(be) in command of指挥；控制 have a good command of很好地掌握；精通 ‎(2)command sb. to_do_sth.命令某人做某事 command that...(should) do...命令……做……‎ ‎①[2015·陕西高考]Besides, I_have_such_a_good_command_of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.‎ 除此之外，我有丰富的英语知识以致于我当选为英语老师的助手。‎ ‎②The boss commanded_him_to_finish_some_important_work,_but Henry forgot his command.‎ ‎→The boss commanded that he (should) finish_some_important_‎ work,_but Henry forgot his command.‎ 老板命令他完成一些重要的工作，但亨利却忘了他的命令。‎ ‎③[牛津词典]Applicants will be expected to have_a_good_ command_of English.‎ 申请人必须精通英语。‎ ‎－名师点睛－‎ command所接宾语从句的谓语动词用“(should) do”，能这样使用的动词可用以下口诀来记忆：‎ 一坚持：insist 二命令：order, command 三建议：advise, suggest, recommend 四要求：require, request, demand, desire ‎3　　request　n．& vt.请求；要求 In English you use a command or a request when you want someone to do something.(P12)‎ 在英语中，当你想让别人做事时，你可以使用命令或请求方式。‎ ‎(1)request sb. to_do_sth. 请求某人做某事 request that sb. (should) do sth. 请求……‎ It is requested that... 据要求……‎ ‎(2)make a request/requests for... 请求；要求……‎ at sb.'s request ＝ at the request of sb. 应某人之要求 ‎①[2015·天津高考]You can talk to the robot, ask it questions, and make_requests_for it to ‎ perform different tasks.‎ 你可以与机器人谈心，问它问题，要求它执行不同的任务。‎ ‎②[必背佳句]I made_a_request_that the students should_be_well_ prepared_for the exam.‎ 我要求学生对考试做好充分的准备。‎ ‎③It_is_requested_that all the visitors should not take pictures of the exhibitions.‎ 要求所有的参观者不要对展品进行拍照。‎ ‎④My parents requested that I_should_learn a second foreign language.‎ ‎→My parents requested me_to_learn a second foreign language.‎ 父母要求我再学一门外语。‎ ‎－名师点睛－‎ request 后面跟宾语从句，主语从句，同位语从句时，从句中的谓语用should ＋do, should可以省略，即为虚拟语气。‎ ‎4　　recognize　vt.辨认出；承认；公认 Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other's dialects.(P13)‎ 虽然许多美国人经常搬迁，但他们还是能识别和理解彼此的方言。‎ ‎(1)recognize one's voice听出某人的声音 recognize...as/to_be...承认……是……‎ be recognized as...被公认为/承认是……‎ It is recognized that...人们公认……‎ ‎(2)recognition n．认出；认识 out_of/beyond recognition认不出来 ‎①[2015·课标全国卷Ⅰ]James Brindley is recognized_as one of the leading early canal engineers.‎ James Brindley被公认为是早期主要的运河工程师之一。‎ ‎②[必背佳句]The moment I picked up the phone, I recognized_his voice.‎ 我一拿起电话就听出了他的声音。‎ ‎③The town has changed beyond_recognition since I was last here.‎ 自从我上次离开这里以来，这座城镇已经变得让人认不出来了。‎ 易混辨析 recognize 强调通过对记忆的搜索，辨认出原来熟悉的人、物、声音、方位等，常指经过一段时间的间隔后又重新认出来 know ‎“知道，认识”，指相互间十分熟悉、十分了解 realize ‎“意识到”，强调在经过一个过程后的完全了解。强调注意到，了解本质，明白事理。它还有“实现(梦想)”的意思 ‎④用recognize，know，realize的适当形式填空 a．I ________Bob ten years ago, but he has changed so much that I can hardly ________him ‎ at present.‎ b．None of us ________the danger we were in.‎ c．Mo Yan is universally ________as one of the greatest authors of our time.‎ 答案：a.knew; recognize　b．realizedC．recognized 过关演练 单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．[2015·重庆高考]Of the two, the ________ (late) wins my favor.‎ 答案：latter　考查词形转换，根据语意可知应填latter表示“后者”。‎ ‎2．With our knowledge ________(base) on practice, we can make great contributions to our country.‎ 答案：based　考查with复合结构。base与knowledge之间为被动关系，故填based。‎ ‎3．According to the rules of the hotel, guests ________ (request) to vacate (腾出) their rooms by noon on the day of departure.‎ 答案：are requested　考查“request sb. to do sth.”结构，此处是该结构的被动语态形式。‎ ‎4．The manager gave his command that measures ________ (take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.‎ 答案：(should) be taken　考查command后跟同位语从句。此时从句中的谓语应用“should＋v.原形”，且measure与take之间为被动关系，故填(should) be taken。‎ ‎5．[2015·湖南高考]In its early history, Chicago had floods ________ (frequent), especially in the spring.‎ 答案：frequently　考查词形转换。此处修饰动词had, 故应填副词frequently。‎ ‎6．In order to have a good ________ of English, he determined to go abroad for further education.‎ 答案：command　考查“have a good command of”短语，意为“精通，熟练掌握”。‎ ‎7．________(actual), on second thoughts, I don't think I want to go out with you tonight.‎ 答案：Actually　考查词形转换。根据语法分析，此处填副词作状语，故填actually。‎ ‎8．The old pianist wouldn't listen to our repeated request that he ________ (play) in public again.‎ 答案：(should) play　考查request后面跟名词性从句的用法，从句中应用“should＋v.原形”，且should可以省略。‎ ‎9．It is recognized ________ environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people are faced with.‎ 答案：that　考查“It is recognized that...”结构，that从句为主语从句，it为形式主语。‎ ‎10．It is well known that the panda is native ______ China.‎ 答案：to　“be native to”意为“产于……；发源于……”。‎ ‎1　　because of 因为；由于 Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.(P9)‎ 随后在接下来的一个世纪，英国人开始航海征服了世界的其他地区。于是，许多别的国家开始说英语了。‎ ‎①[2015·江苏高考]In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because_of the ever increasing number of cars these years.‎ 由于近些年汽车数量日益增长，尽管修建了大量的公路和高速路，但仍有很大的改善空间。‎ ‎②[必背佳句]Wind power probably ranked first because_of the rapid development of wind farms across the country.‎ 风能极有可能排名第一，这一切都是因为全国范围内风能发电厂的迅速发展。‎ ‎－名师点睛－‎ due to一般不放于句首。‎ ‎2　　come up 走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起 I'd like to come up to your apartment.(P10)‎ 我很愿意到你家里来。‎ ‎①[2015·北京高考]So how can you come_up_with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?‎ 那么你怎样能产生绝妙的白日梦并且避免被树根绊倒而不会看来像个傻瓜呢？‎ ‎②[必背佳句]How did you come_about that you were late for half an hour?‎ 你迟到了半小时是怎么回事呢？‎ ‎③When he came_to_himself,_he found himself surrounded by a lot of people.‎ 当他醒来时，他发现周围都是人。‎ ‎④[2015·四川高考]When_it_comes_to how to speak fluent Mandarin, I suggest that you learn a bunch of pronunciation rules first.‎ 当谈到如何说一口流利的普通话，我建议你先学学基本的发音规则。‎ ‎⑤写出下列句中come up的含义 a．An old lady came up to me and asked for directions.‎ ‎________‎ b．As soon as the project came up at the meeting, it attracted many people's attention.________‎ c．When the moon came up, the young people began their celebration.________‎ d．Please turn to me for help if anything comes up.________‎ 答案：a.走近　b．被提出C．升起　d．发生 图解助记 ‎－名师点睛－‎ ‎3　　make use of 利用；使用 So by the 1600's Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.(P10)‎ 因此到17世纪，莎士比亚所用的词汇量比以前任何时期都大。‎ ‎(1)make full/good use of充分利用 make the best/most of充分利用 take (full) advantage of(充分)利用 ‎(2)come into use开始被使用 be of great use很有用的(＝be very useful)‎ It is no use doing_sth.做……是没用的 ‎①[2015·天津高考]People should make_full_use_of their time to do something meaningful.‎ 人们应充分利用好他们的时间做些有意义的事情。‎ ‎②[必背佳句]Last but not least, it's everyone's responsibility to make_the_most_of water.‎ 最后但同等重要的是，充分利用水资源是每个人的义务和责任。‎ ‎③It_is_no_use_trying to persuade him to have a holiday because he is a workaholic.‎ 因为他是一个工作狂，试图说服他休假根本无用。‎ ‎－名师点睛－‎ 对于make use of这个短语，除了熟练掌握它的含义外，还应注意以下两点：‎ ‎(1)把use提前，使用被动语态。‎ ‎(2)把use提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。‎ ‎④We should think of what use can be_made__of such material.‎ 我们应该考虑怎么用这种材料。‎ ‎⑤We should know the_use (that) people make_of waste things.‎ 我们应该知道人们对废物的利用。‎ ‎⑥Full_use_must_be_made_of every minute to go over our lessons, for the final examination is coming.‎ 每一分钟都应被充分利用来复习我们的功课，因为期末考试马上要来了。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 make good use of； come up (with)； believe it or not； (be) based on； play a major part in； the number of； because of； even if； such as； at present ‎1．The openair celebration has been put off ________ the bad weather.‎ 答案：because of ‎2．________ the students present at the meeting was smaller than expected.‎ 答案：The number of ‎3．The money collected should ________ to help the people who suffered a lot in the earthquake.‎ 答案：be made good use of ‎4．[2015·重庆高考]Unique works of this kind are different from today's popular art, ________ they began as works of popular art.‎ 答案：even if ‎5．It is certain that the question will ________ at the meeting.‎ 答案：come up ‎6．There is no way ________ of predicting what the longterm effects of the explosion of Tianjin will be.‎ 答案：at present ‎7．[2015·广东高考]TV takes the place of similar sorts of recreation, ________ listening to the radio and playing sports.‎ 答案：such as ‎8．[2015·天津高考]Robots can also speak different languages and make recommendations for different items ________what the customer is shopping for.‎ 答案：based on ‎9．________， the wellbehaved gentleman turned out to be a thief.‎ 答案：Believe it or not ‎10．Email, as well as the telephone, _______our daily comunication.‎ 答案：plays a major part in ‎1　　Native English speakers can understand each other even_if they don't speak the same kind of English. (P10)‎ 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。‎ 语境助记 ‎①[2015·广东高考]Even_though/if we can't live forever, we are living a longer life than ever before.‎ 即使我们不能永远活着，但已经比以前的寿命长了很多。‎ ‎②Even_if one makes a mistake, correcting mistakes in time is a good thing.‎ 即使一个人犯了错，及时纠正了就是一件好事。‎ ‎③He will not attend the party even_if_invited.‎ 即使他被邀请，他也不会参加那个晚会。‎ ‎2　　It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.(P10)‎ 当时的英语更多是以德语为基础，而不是我们今天所说的英语。‎ ‎(1)more than＋数词或从句　超过……‎ more than＋形容词　非常……‎ more than＋名词　不只是；不仅是……‎ more...than... 与其说……，倒不如说……‎ ‎(2)no more than 只不过；仅仅 not more than 不超过；至多 rather than 而不是 other than 除了；不同于 语境助记 ‎①[2015·安徽高考]Behaving in this selfless and devoted manner, these little creatures have survived on Earth for more_than 140 million years, far longer than dinosaurs.‎ 这些小生物已在地球上生存了1.4亿多年，比恐龙的时间还要久远，他们用这种无私的、忠实的方式行动着。‎ ‎②[2015·湖南高考]Generally, it contains no_more_than 75,000 entries, making it handy to carry to class and efficient to use.‎ 一般来说，袖珍词典只有75000词条，这使得它携带方便，使用效率高。‎ ‎③[必背佳句]It is you rather_than he that are to blame for the terrible accident.‎ 是你而不是他该对这次可怕的事故负责。‎ ‎④He failed in the exam again. In my view, he was more lazy than stupid.‎ 他考试又失败了，依我看来，与其说他笨不如说他懒。‎ ‎⑤写出下列句中more than的含义 a．Wen Zhang is more than an actor, but also the director in the film Little Daddy.________‎ b．She is a kind girl and more than willing to help others.________‎ c．It also benefits those users who have more than one task to perform.________‎ 答案：a.不仅是　b．非常C．超过 ‎3　　Believe it or not, there is no_such_thing as standard English.(P13)‎ 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语可言。‎ ‎ (1)such与a/an连用时要放在a/an的前面；与all, no, some, any, few, little, many, much, several, one等词连用时，应位于它们的后面。‎ ‎(2)such＋that... 如此……以致于……‎ ‎(3)such...as... “像……这样的……”，as在句中引导定语从句。‎ 语境助记 ‎①[2015·安徽高考]Nutrition is necessary for life, so it is not surprising that food is such_an_important_part of different cultures around the world.‎ 营养对生命是必要的，所以食品是全世界不同文化中重要的部分不足为奇。‎ ‎②[必背佳句]Lucy was admitted to Beijing University, while I had no_such_luck.‎ 露茜被北京大学录取了，而我却没有这样的运气。‎ ‎③He was such_a_responsible_teacher_that we were all deeply moved.‎ 他是一位如此负责任的老师，以致于我们都被深深地感动了。‎ ‎④Such a book as you show me is difficult to understand.‎ 像你给我的这样的书是很难理解的。‎ ‎－名师点睛－‎ 比较下列句子，注意连接词的作用。‎ ‎①This is such a difficult problem as all of us can't work out.(as引导定语从句)‎ ‎②This is such a difficult problem that all of us can't work it out.(that引导结果状语从句)‎ 过关演练 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)‎ ‎1．[2015·湖北高考]Even ________ the conference hall is near his apartment, he has to hurry a little if he wants to be punctual.‎ 答案：if/though　考查连词。句意：即使他的公寓在会议大厅的附近，但是如果他想准时(赶到)，他必须得赶紧点。even if/though“即使；尽管”。‎ ‎2．Everything comes with ________price; there is no such thing ________a free lunch in the world.‎ 答案：a; as　第一空考冠词，泛指“代价”，故填a；第二空为固定结构，“no such...as”意为“像……一样的”。‎ ‎3．The book is written in such easy English ________beginners can understand it.‎ 答案：that　考查“such...that...”结构，意为“如此……以致于”，从句中有宾语和主语，故不是as引导的定语从句。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．She was ________ when her son lied to her.‎ 当她儿子对她撒谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。‎ 答案：more sad than angry ‎2．Our English teacher ________at the class meeting yesterday that we should learn from him.‎ 我们英语老师在昨天的班会上提出要求，让我们向他学习。‎ 答案：came up with a request ‎3．He is so busy. He cannot afford enough time with his son ________________________.‎ 他很忙，即使他想抽出足够的时间陪陪儿子也做不到。‎ 答案：even if he wants to 直接引语和间接引语( Ⅱ )‎ 当我们转述祈使句时，通常将原句中的动词变为带to的动词不定式，并在不定式的前面根据句子意思加上ask, order, tell等动词，如果祈使句为否定式，则在不定式前加not。‎ 表示邀请、请求某人做某事时用ask/beg/request sb. to do sth.‎ She said to us, “Please have a rest.”‎ ‎→She asked us to have a rest.‎ 表示告诉、吩咐、命令某人做某事时用tell/order/command sb. to do sth.‎ The old man said, “Don't smoke in the hall.”‎ ‎→The old man told me not to smoke in the hall.‎ 表示忠告某人(不)做某事，用advise sb.(not) to do sth.‎ The officer said, “Go away.”‎ ‎→The officer advised us to go away.‎ 过关演练 句型转换 ‎1．The teacher said to me, “Is this the reason Tom explained at the meeting for his carelessness？”‎ ‎→The teacher asked me ________________ the reason Tom had explained at the meeting for his carelessness.‎ 答案：whether that was ‎2．“Go over your test papers carefully before handing them in.” the teacher said.‎ ‎→The teacher ________________ over our test papers carefully before handing them in.‎ 答案：asked us to go ‎3．Tom said to Mary, “Don't leave your keys on the table.”‎ ‎→Tom asked Mary ________________ keys on the table.‎ 答案：not to leave her