【英语】河北省石家庄市2020届高三模拟考试（二）试题（解析版） 23页

河北省石家庄市2020届高三模拟考试（二）英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Being the world’s most trusted volunteer abroad organization, IVHQ （International Volunteer Headquarters）offers volunteer programs in more than 50 destinations. Here are a few of them.‎ Marine Conservation Program Volunteers of this program work in Queensland, Australia. You will join conservation efforts like collecting sea rubbish.‎ Requirements: Volunteers need to be 18 years or over. Able to swim. Speak fluent English. Present a police check. Have travel insurance. Complete our free pre-departure training.‎ Fees: 1 week $1,010, 2 weeks $2,020, 3 weeks $2,980‎ Shriners Hospitals for Children Program Volunteers in Shriners Hospitals for Children in Honolulu, Hawaii need to pick up patients, deliver supplies and tutor patients.‎ Requirements: Volunteers must be at least 16 years old. Available to volunteer two hours per week for at least five months. Agree to a police check and a drug test. We offer free training upon your arrival.‎ Fees: No fees are needed.‎ Youth Support Program Volunteers are placed in community centers of New Orleans, Louisiana, USA to provide tutoring and positive activities for the youth. You can also help organizations by beautifying spaces, re-organizing classrooms and preparing materials.‎ Requirements: Volunteers need to be 18 years or over. Have travel insurance and provide a police check. The training fee is included in the program fee.‎ Fees: 1 week $520, 2 weeks $825, 3 weeks $1,125‎ Pre-School English Program Volunteers working in Cusco, Peru will teach English in pre-schools with younger children of 4 to 5 years old.‎ Requirements: 18 years and over. No previous teaching experience is required, but a basic understanding of Spanish is. Emergency contact, police check and resume （简历）are required. Training will be conducted online for free.‎ Fees: 1 week, $320,2 weeks $550, 3 weeks $735‎ ‎1. Which program suits a 17-year-old volunteer?‎ A. Marine Conservation Program. B. Shriners Hospitals for Children Program C. Youth Support Program. D. Pre-School English Program.‎ ‎2. What should the volunteers do in Youth Support Program?‎ A. Collect sea rubbish. B. Pick up and tutor patients.‎ C. Re-organize classrooms. D. Teach the English language.‎ ‎3. What is required for the programs in Australia and Peru?‎ A. Police check. B. Travel insurance.‎ C. Drug test. D. Emergency contact.‎ B Macinley Butson was just 16 years old when she first had the idea to try and protect women from more-than-necessary radiation during breast cancer treatments—and now, her invention could be a game-changer in the medical field.‎ Butson, whose father works in medical physics, has always been interested in science. But she only began researching the harmful side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatments in his work. Since Butson had also recently lost a relative to breast cancer, she felt inspired to conduct her own research on the subject. She tried to begin her medical research by consulting scientific journals, but she found their academic terms almost impossible to understand.‎ She then turned to the Internet to find videos that taught how to read scientific journals. As she went deeper in her research, she stumbled upon a key bit of information: copper （铜）has been shown to be effective at protecting skin from radiation. An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film on medieval wars in her 10th grade history class. When she saw the scaled （鳞片） patterns of the mail （盔甲）,she was inspired to create a wearable protective tool out ‎ of copper. She then headed back online and watched videos on how to put together tiny scales. She made her own flexible scale-mail which she now calls SMART: Scale Mail for Radiation Therapy.‎ When her invention was tested in a laboratory setting, it reduced surface exposure to unnecessary radiation by 75%. And now Butson is working on getting her SMART into clinical settings for use.‎ ‎4. Why did Macinley Butson start her research?‎ A. To assist her father with his work. B. To save her relative from cancer.‎ C. To publish some articles in journals. D. To find effective ways to treat cancer.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined phrase “stumbled upon" in Paragraph 3 probably mean?‎ A. Came across. B. Missed.‎ C. Passed on. D. Required.‎ ‎6. Where did Macinley Buston get inspiration for her invention?‎ A. Videos online. B. Scientific journals.‎ C History textbooks. D. Soldiers defensive clothes.‎ ‎7. Which of the following best describes Macinley Buston?‎ A. Stubborn. B. Creative.‎ C. Selfless. D. Considerate.‎ C Yoga is an ancient physical and spiritual practice originating in India. The word“yoga” comes from Sanskrit （梵文）and means to join or to unite, symbolizing the union of body and mind. Today it is practiced in various forms around the world and continues to grow in popularity. Recognizing its universal appeal, the United Nations declared 21 June as the International Day of Yoga in 2014 to raise awareness worldwide of the many benefits of practicing yoga.‎ Yoga is an invaluable gift from an ancient tradition. It’s not just about exercise but a way to discover the sense of oneness with yourself nature and the world. There is no written record of who invented yoga. Yoga practitioners （从业者）passed down the principles to their students. The earliest written record of yoga is generally believed to have been written by Patanjali, an Indian master who lived somewhere between 2,000 and 2,500 years ago.‎ Various yoga types give you multiple choices. Hatha yoga is the most widely practiced type ‎ and is excellent for beginners. It is gentle with slow and smooth movements. Kundalini yoga combines a singing session besides body and mental control. Bikram yoga is practiced in a heated room. It is to loosen muscles and to sweat to clean the body and remove symptoms of disease and pain. Ashtanga yoga is taught as a difficult workout where you move quickly from one gesture to another to build strength and patience.‎ In recent years, the World Health Organization has urged countries to help their citizens reduce physical inactivity, which is among the top ten leading causes of death worldwide, and a key risk factor for non-communicable diseases, such as cancer and diabetes. Yoga is a proper exercise. It is known for its ability to ease stress and anxiety. It may also help reduce several risk factors for heart diseases and promote a better sleep.‎ ‎8. Why did the United Nations set the International Day of Yoga?‎ A. To promote the research into Sanskrit.‎ B. To help people know more about India.‎ C. To popularize Yoga practice worldwide.‎ D. To give a declaration on cultural diversity.‎ ‎9 What is Paragraph 2 mainly about?‎ A. The principles of yoga. B. The history of yoga.‎ C. The benefits of yoga. D. An Indian yoga master.‎ ‎10. What will you choose if you’re looking for a challenging exercise?‎ A. Hatha yoga. B. Kundalini yoga.‎ C. Bikram yoga. D. Ashtanga yoga.‎ ‎11. What can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. Physical inactivity causes deadly diseases・‎ B. Yoga can help prevent communicable diseases.‎ C. Little or no exercise puts people’s health at risk.‎ D. Yoga can be a cure for many kinds of diseases.‎ D Around 45% of plastic waste is recycled annually in the UK and is on the increase. However, one of the problems with present plastic recycling methods is that you end up with a lower-quality plastic with worse properties （特性） than the original. This means that plastic drink bottles ‎ cannot simply be recycled into new drink bottles continuously, but instead are used for other lower-grade products like park benches.‎ Now, British scientists have developed a new method of chemical recycling. They use lower temperatures and more environmentally-friendly starting chemicals than previous methods to turn plastics back into their constituent chemical molecules （分子）. In this way, they can be used to make new plastics of the same quality as the original.‎ ‎"Most plastic is now recycled using mechanical methods, where they are transformed into liquids before being made into something new," said a professor named Matthew Jones. "The problem is, melting plastic changes its properties and reduces the quality. Out method of chemical recycling overcomes this problem. Then plastics can be used all over again without losing any properties?"‎ The researchers are recycling some kinds of plastics, including plant-based PLA, a plastic used for food packaging and PET, which is used for drink bottles. So far, the technology has only been demonstrated on a small range. However, scientists are now working to produce larger quantities of starting chemicals.‎ ‎"There is no single solution to the problem of plastic waste — the approach has to be a combination of reducing, reusing and recycling. Our method of chemical recycling could allow carbon to be recycled endlessly rather than digging more up from the ground in the form of fossil fuels, or letting it into the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas," said Dr. Paul McKeown from the University of Bath.‎ ‎12. What is the problem with the present plastic recycling?‎ A. The quality of recycled plastics declines.‎ B. Plastic drink bottles cannot be recycled.‎ C. The amount of plastic waste is increasing.‎ D. Recycled lower-grade products sell badly.‎ ‎13. How do scientists recycle plastic waste with the new method?‎ A. By transforming it into fuels.‎ B. By heating it into liquid state.‎ C. By keeping its original properties.‎ D. By changing its molecule structure.‎ ‎14. What can we learn from what Dr. Paul McKeown said?‎ A. Fossil fuels are endless resources.‎ B. The plastic waste problem has no solution.‎ C. Recycled carbon leads to greenhouse gases.‎ D. The chemical recycling is environment-friendly.‎ ‎15. In which part of the website can we find the text?‎ A. Business. B. Tech & Science.‎ C. Lifestyle. D. Arts & Culture 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ While marathon study sessions may be unavoidable sometimes, do your best to manage your time effectively.‎ Reduce your workload by studying more efficiently. Before you start studying, always read your task sheet to make sure you’re focusing on the right topics. ___16___ This saves you time looking it up. Finally, pick out the most important information, so you can study it first.‎ ‎___17___ Make sure you have everything you need, so you won’t need to get up every few minutes to get something. Neatly place your textbooks, pens, notebook and other study materials in your study space. This way you can easily get what you need without taking an unplanned break. Plan out your study sessions in advance. Think about the time you’ll need for each task, add 10% extra time for insurance, and then schedule blocks for your tasks. ___18___ Remember to include short breaks every hour or so.‎ Break up difficult tasks into smaller steps. Tasks such as “Study for History Final” or “Write Term Paper” can seem unapproachable. Instead of getting confused and upset, divide big tasks into small ones. If you’re studying for a final of a course, start by looking over past tests and quizzes. ___19___Smaller study tasks may also include creating outlines that summarize textbook chapters.‎ Do your best to space out your study sessions instead of cramming （突击）.Whenever possible, give yourself time to study a little bit at a time. It’s better to study for 3 separate 3-hour sessions instead of 1 marathon 9-hour session. ___20___‎ A. Choose a quiet spot for studying.‎ B. Prepare your area before you start studying.‎ C. Schedule your toughest and most important tasks first.‎ D. Study difficult subjects first to get them out of the way.‎ E. Then divide the course into its units, and study one unit at a time.‎ F. Additionally, ask your instructor to explain any topic that confuses you.‎ G. Multiple shorter sessions will help you remember more information in the long run.‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I was once the guide on a wildlife-photography trip to the North Pole, where wildlife is ___21___ . After two days of travel, we reached a fjord (峡湾) and ___22___ several seals resting on the ice. I wished to get a picture of a seal as it came up for breath at a hole. Therefore, I ___23___ my camera and a motion sensor near the edge of a hole.‎ At two in the morning, a colleague ___24___ us. He had noticed a polar bear approaching in the distance. We ran to the ___25___ of the boat to see what would happen. At first the bear walked toward the boat. Then it turned and ___26___ directly for my camera. The motion sensor ___27___ to its movement, starting the camera to take pictures. The bear ___28___ the camera, gently sniffing it.‎ ‎___29___ the bear knocked the camera into the hole! My camera and all those ___30___ pictures is appeared beneath the ___31___.‎ ‎___32___, a year later, I joined a similar trip to the same spot. I obtained ___33___ to bring a remotely operated vehicle (ROV) and a colleague to ___34___ it. We would try to ___35___ the camera.‎ When we arrived back and set out our search we ___36___ technical difficulties almost immediately and had to pull the ROV out of water twice. However, on the third try, the ROV caught hold of the camera. As we eventually got the camera up, we ___37___ loudly. I managed to take the memory card out and later ___38___ all 149 photos.‎ Regaining that camera is the most satisfying ___39___ of my career. I have never ‎ experienced such a ___40___ of excitement when we pulled that camera out of the water.‎ ‎21. A. normal B. fierce C. abundant D. fragile ‎22. A. spotted B. ignored C. disturbed D. hunted ‎23. A. lost B. buried C. presented D. anchored ‎24. A. saved B. aroused C. assisted D. dismissed ‎25. A. rope B. sail C. bow D. bottom ‎26. A. applied B. waited C. headed D. rose ‎27. A. contributed B. saw C. led D. reacted ‎28. A. circled B. squeezed C. crashed D. hid ‎29. A. Admittedly B. Deliberately C. Desperately D. Suddenly ‎30. A. elegant B. precious C. fashionable D. festive ‎31. A. bear B. ice C. boat D. glacier ‎32. A. Fortunately B. Regularly C. Naturally D. Eventually ‎33. A. advantage B. information C. permission D. knowledge ‎34. A. purchase B. pilot C. process D. promote ‎35. A. repair B. use C. remove D. find ‎36. A. ran into B. cleared away C. looked into D. figured out ‎37. A. sighed B. screamed C. complained D. prayed ‎38 A‎. recovered B. exposed C. created D. ruined ‎39. A. solution B. assessment C. donation D. accomplishment ‎40. A. mixture B. lack C. burst D. touch 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Most of us have recently experienced quarantine (隔离) to minimize the risk of meeting somebody who may be carrying the virus. It is certain ___41___ being under quarantine is no fun. However, with our access to food, ___42___ (deliver) services and the entertainment ___43___ (offer) by the internet, we’re actually very lucky. Let’s take a quick look at the history of quarantines.‎ The idea of quarantining sick people dates ___44___ ancient times. Yet the word "quarantine" first came into use in the 14th century Europe during the Black Death. People were ‎ dropping like flies from the mysterious disease, and as the death toll climbed into the millions—eventually killing ___45___ (approximate) half of the European population, cities began to take ___46___ (measure) to protect their citizens. The port city of Venice, Italy, was an important trading center with ships ___47___ (come) from all corners of the Earth every day. If a ship ___48___ (suspect) to be harboring the plague (瘟疫)，it was sent to ___49___ offshore quarantine and ordered to wait there for 40 days when those abroad either recovered, or ___50___ (likely), died. The waiting period gave rise to the term quarantinario, from the Italian word for 40.‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共 有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。‎ 修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Dear Jim,‎ How is everything going? Known that you are curious about Peking Opera, I’m more than glad to introduce it to you.‎ Dating back to late 18th century, Peking Opera becomes fully developed and recognized during the Qing Dynasty. As a combination of music, vocal performance or dance, Peking Opera can offer audience with a feast for the eyes and ears. Performer wear colorful costumes and make-ups, that are in line with the personalities of the roles that they play.‎ I high recommend you visit the Mei Lanfang Theater to see a Peking Opera show. Hopefully, my introduction has helped you well understand Peking Opera than before. If you have any question, don’t hesitate to ask myself.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华。你的英国朋友George来信，询问你的近况及上大学准备报考什么专业。 请你回复邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 正在认真备考；‎ ‎2.学医学专业；‎ ‎3.报考理由。‎ 注意:1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear George,‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是应用文。文章介绍了IVHQ（国际志愿者总部）提供的志愿者培训计划。文章详细地介绍了招募志愿者的信息。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Shriners Hospitals for Children Program中的“Volunteers must be at least 16 years old.”可知，这个项目（Shriners Hospitals for Children Program ）的志愿者必须年满16岁。其他三个项目都要求18岁或以上。即Shriners Hospitals for Children Program适合一名17岁的志愿者。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Youth Support Program中的“You can also help organizations by beautifying spaces, re-organizing classrooms and preparing materials.”可知，在Youth Support Program计划中你还可以通过美化空间，重新组织教室和准备材料来帮助组织进行工作。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一个项目中的要求“Present a police check.”和最后一个项目中的要求“Emergency contact, police check and resume （简历）are required.”可知，澳大利亚和秘鲁的计划要求提供无犯罪记录证明。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了当时只有16岁的Macinley Butson用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具，使乳腺癌症患者在接受检查时能够减少受到不必要的辐射。现在Butson正在努力将她的发明投入到临床使用。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“But she only began researching the harmful side effects of radiation treatment after her father discussed his experience with ineffective cancer treatments in his work.”可知，但在她的父亲讲述了自己在工作中治疗癌症无效的经历后，她开始研究放 射治疗的有害副作用。因此判断出Macinley Butson开始她的研究的原因是寻找治疗癌症的有效方法。故选D。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“She then turned to the internet to find videos that taught how to read scientific journals. An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film on medieval wars in her 10th grade history class. When she saw the scaled （鳞片） patterns of the mail, she was inspired to create a wearable protective tool out of copper.”可知，她到网上找到可教如何阅读科学期刊的视频。这位澳大利亚青少年在10年级历史课上观看一部有关中世纪战争的电影时，心中产生了一个念头。当她看到盔甲的鳞片图案时，她受到启发，用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具。因此划线句子的意思是“随着研究的深入，她偶然发现了一些关键信息：铜被证明可以有效保护皮肤免受辐射。”由此可知，划线短语的意思是“偶然发现”。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“An idea hit this Australian teen as she was viewing a film on medieval wars in her 10th grade history class. When she saw the scaled （鳞片） patterns of the mail （盔甲），she was inspired to create a wearable protective tool out of copper.”可知，这位澳大利亚青少年在10年级历史课上观看一部有关中世纪战争的电影时，心中产生了一个念头。当她看到盔甲的鳞片图案时，她受到启发，用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具。因此Macinley Buston的发明灵感来自士兵的防护铠甲。故选D。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段“When she saw the scaled （鳞片） patterns of the mail （盔甲）,she was inspired to create a wearable protective tool out of copper.可知，文章讲述了当时只有16岁的Macinley Butson用铜制成了一种可穿戴的防护工具，使癌症患者在接受检查时能够减少受到不必要的辐射。现在Butson正在努力将她的发明投入到临床使用。因此B项（有创造力的）最能描述Macinley Buston。故选B。‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章讲述了瑜伽的起源、种类及做瑜伽运动的好处。世界卫生组织WHO敦促各国公民要加强运动。瑜伽是一个很好的选择。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Recognizing its universal appeal, the United Nations declared ‎ 21 June as the International Day of Yoga in 2014 to raise awareness worldwide of the many benefits of practicing yoga.”可知，联合国认识到瑜伽对如此多的人们产生了吸引力，其宣布‎6月21日为2014年国际瑜伽日，以提高全世界对练习瑜伽的诸多益处的认识。因此判断出，联合国设立国际瑜伽日是为了在全世界推广瑜伽练习。故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Yoga is an invaluable gift from an ancient tradition. It’s not just about exercise but a way to discover the sense of oneness with yourself nature and the world. There is no written record of who invented yoga. Yoga practitioners （从业者）passed down the principles to their students. The earliest written record of yoga is generally believed to have been written by Patanjali, an Indian master who lived somewhere between 2,000 and 2,500 years ago.”可知，瑜伽是来自古老传统的宝贵礼物。这不仅是运动，还是发现自己与自然和世界的一体感的一种方式。谁发明的瑜伽并没有书面记录。瑜伽从业者将原理传给了学生。人们普遍认为，最早的瑜伽的书面记录是由居住在2000至2500年前的印度大师Patanjali撰写的。即第二段讲的是瑜伽的历史。故选B。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Ashtanga yoga is taught as a difficult workout where you move quickly from one gesture to another to build strength and patience.”可知，Ashtanga瑜伽被认为是一项艰苦的锻炼，你可以从一种姿势快速移至另一种姿势，以增强力量和耐心。因此如果你正在寻找具有挑战性的锻炼，你可以选择 Ashtanga瑜伽。故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In recent years, the World Health Organization has urged countries to help their citizens reduce physical inactivity, which is among the top ten leading causes of death worldwide, and a key risk factor for non-communicable diseases, such as cancer and diabetes.”可知，近年来，世界卫生组织（WHO）敦促各国帮助公民减少运动的不足，而运动不足是全世界十大主要死因之一，也是导致非传染性疾病（如癌症和糖尿病）的关键风险因素。因此从最后一段我们可以推断出很少或不做运动会使人们的健康受到威胁。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是新闻报道。文章讲述了当前塑料回收方法的问题之一是最终会得到质量比原来低的劣质塑料。英国科学家已经开发出一种新的化学回收方法，可以用来制造质量与原始塑料相同的新塑料，而且对环境是有好处的。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This means that plastic drink bottles cannot simply be recycled into new drink bottles continuously, but instead are used for other lower-grade products like park benches.”可知，但是，当前塑料回收方法的问题之一是最终会得到质量比原来低的劣质塑料。即目前的塑料回收的问题在于再生塑料的质量下降了。故选A。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Most plastic is now recycled using mechanical methods, where they are transformed into liquids before being made into something new. The problem is, melting plastic changes its properties and reduces the quality. Out method of chemical recycling overcomes this problem.”可知，现在大多数塑料都是通过机械方法回收的，在将它们转变为液体之前，先制成新的东西。问题是，熔化塑料会改变其性能并降低质量。化学回收的方法克服了这个问题。因此判断出科学家通过保留塑料的原始属性的方法回收利用塑料废物。故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Our method of chemical recycling could allow carbon to be recycled endlessly rather than digging more up from the ground in the form of fossil fuels, or letting it into the atmosphere as a greenhouse gas.”可知，我们的化学回收方法可以使碳无止境地得到回收，而不是从地下挖掘更多的矿物燃料或者将其作为温室气体排放到大气中。因此我们可以从Paul McKeown博士的讲话中判断出化学回收方法对环境是有好处的。故选D。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章讲述了当前塑料回收方法的问题之一是最终会得到质量比原来低的劣质塑料。英国科学家已经开发出一种新的化学回收方法，可以用来制造质量与原始塑料相同的新塑料，这对环境是有好处的。由此判断出，我们可以在网站的技术与科学栏目找到这篇文章。故选B。‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. B 18. C 19. E 20. G ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章讲述了尽管有时可能不可避免地要进行长时间的学习，但要尽最大努力有效地管理自己的时间。文中介绍了一些提高时间利用率的做法。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查段中句。根据空前“Reduce your workload by studying more efficiently. Before you start studying, always read your task sheet to make sure you’re focusing on the right topics.（在开始学习之前，请务必阅读任务单以确保你专注于正确的话题。）”和空后“This saves you time looking it up.（这样可以节省你查找的时间。）”可知，F项（另外，请你的导师解释任何使你感到困惑的话题。）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该段的第二句话与F选项中的additionally引导的句子以及后面的finally引导的句子在逻辑上是紧密相连的。故选F项。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查段首句。根据空后“Make sure you have everything you need, so you won’t need to get up every few minutes to get something.（确保你拥有所需的一切，因此你无需每隔几分钟就起身去拿东西。）”可知，B项（在开始学习之前，请把身边的一切准备好。）能够与下文连接通顺。空格后面的内容是对该选项中的prepare的详细解释。故选B项。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查段中句。根据空前“Think about the time you’ll need for each task, add 10% extra time for insurance, and then schedule blocks for your tasks.（考虑一下每个任务所需的时间，增加10％的时间以保证任务完成，然后为任务安排好成块的时间。）”和空后“Remember to include short breaks every hour or so.（请记住，每工作一小时左右要休息一下。）”可知，C项（首先安排最艰巨和最重要的任务。）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的tasks与前一句的tasks是同词复现。故选C项。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查段中句。根据空前“If you’re studying for a final of a course, start by looking over past tests and quizzes.（诸如“学习史末期”或“写学期论文”之类的任务似乎难以解决，不要将困惑和烦恼分为大任务，如果要学习课程的最后部分，请先查看过去的测试）”和空后“Smaller study tasks may also include creating outlines that summarize textbook chapters.（较小的学习任务可能还包括创建能够归纳总结教科书各章节的大纲。）”可知，E项（然后将课程分为几个单元，并一次学习一个单元。）能够承接上文并且与下文连接通顺。该选项中的course与前一句的course是同词复现。故选E项。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查段尾句。根据空前“It’s better to study for 3 separate 3-hour sessions instead of 1‎ ‎ marathon 9-hour session.（最好学习3个独立的3小时课程，而不是1个马拉松9小时课程。）”可知，G项（从长远来看，多次较短的学习时间将帮助你记住更多信息。）能够承接上文。该选项中是对前一句的做法在效果上进行评价。故选G项。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五的解题技巧之一是根据上下文词汇来锁定线索。即：要关注空格处前后的内容，然后在选项中查找它们的近义词、反义词、同义词、同类词等，看是否有同词复现，代词的指代等。在本文中，第3小题：C选项中的tasks与前一句的tasks是同词复现；第4小题：E选项中的course与前一句的course是同词复现。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. D 36. A 37. B 38. A 39. D 40. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次拍摄野生动物的旅行中相机被北极熊弄到了冰洞里，后来经过努力成功地将照相机打捞出水，为此作者感到很欣慰。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾经是一次去北极进行野生动物摄影之旅的向导，这里的野生动物很丰富。A. normal正常的； B. fierce激烈的； C. abundant丰富的； D. fragile 脆弱的。北极地区的野生动物种类是丰富的，这里适合拍摄野生动物的生活，选择abundant合乎语境。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过两天的旅行，我们到达了一处峡湾，发现冰面上有几只海豹在休息。A. spotted发现；B. ignored忽略；C. disturbed打扰；D. hunted捕猎。我们到达北极地区是为了拍摄动物的生活，因此我们一行人“发现”了几只海豹，而其他选项不合语境。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，我将相机和运动传感器固定在洞的边缘附近。A. lost丢失；B. buried埋葬；C. presented提出；D. anchored将……固定。为了拍摄海豹的照片，因此“我”将照相机固定在洞的旁边。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：凌晨两点，一位同事唤醒了我们。A. saved保存；B. aroused引起，唤醒；C. assisted帮助；D. dismissed解雇。有一名同事发现了远处有一只北极熊向我们靠近，因此他将我们大家叫醒。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们跑到船头看会发生什么。A. rope绳；B. sail帆；C. bow弓，鞠躬，船头；D. bottom底部。为了看清楚北极熊的行动，我们来到船头，其他选项不合乎语境。故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后它转身直接走向我的相机。A. applied 应用；B. waited等待；C. headed朝（某方向）行进；D. rose上升。head for：朝……走去。由下文可知，北极熊嗅着照相机，因此它此前是走向了照相机。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：运动传感器对北极熊的运动做出回应，启动了相机进行拍照。 A. contributed 做贡献；B. saw看见；C. led领导；D. reacted做出反应。运动传感器启动了相机进行拍照，说明它对北极熊的运动做出了反应。react to对……做出回应。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：熊绕着相机转圈，轻轻地嗅着它。A. circled 围绕……转圈；B. squeezed挤压；C. crashed坠毁；D. hid隐藏。这只北极熊发现了照相机，它围着照相机转圈，是要弄清楚这是什么东西。故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，熊把相机撞到了洞里！A. Admittedly 诚然；B. Deliberately故意地；C. Desperately拼命地，绝望地；D. Suddenly突然地。由上下文可知，北极熊的活动超出了我们的预料，这是很突然的。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的相机和所有这些珍贵的照片都跑到冰下去了。A. elegant优雅的；B. precious珍贵的；C. fashionable时髦的；D. festive喜庆的。此次北极旅行的目的就是拍摄动物的照片，因此这些照片是很珍贵的。故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的相机和所有这些珍贵的照片都跑到冰下去了。A. bear熊；B. ice冰；C. boat船；D. glacier 冰川。照相机被熊撞到了洞中，因此它处在冰面之下。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，一年后，我参加了一次类似的旅行，前往同一地点。A. Fortunately 幸运地；B. Regularly经常；C. Naturally自然地；D. Eventually最终。由后文可知，一年之后，他们又来到了同样的地方，并且成功地将照相机打捞出水，因此这是很幸运的事情。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我获得了携带遥控车的许可，一名同事对它进行操控。A. advantage 优点；B. information信息；C. permission允许；D. knowledge知识。此处表示“我”获得了携带遥控车的许可，然后由一名同事去操控它。故选C。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我获得了携带遥控车的许可，一名同事对它进行操控。A. purchase采购；B. pilot驾驶，操控；C. process处理；D. promote促进。it指代的是遥控车，pilot it即“操控遥控车”，由下文可知，这是为了找到照相机。故选B。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将尝试找到相机。A. repair修理；B. use采用；C. remove去掉；D. find找到。由下一段的“got the camera up”可知，“我们”要找到照相机。故选D。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我们返回并开始搜索时，我们立即遇到了技术难题，不得不两次将遥控车拖出水面。A. ran into碰到；B. cleared away清除；C. looked into审查；D. figured out弄清楚。由下文的两次将这个设备拉出水，可知“我们”遇到了技术困难。故选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们最终拿起相机时，我们大声地叫出来。A. sighed叹气；B. screamed尖叫；C. complained抱怨；D. prayed祈祷。照相机中的照片很珍贵，能够失而复得，“我们”会很开心的，因此大声地叫出来。故选B。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我设法取出存储卡，后来恢复了所有149张照片。A. recovered 重新获得，恢复；B. exposed曝光；C. created创造；D. ruined毁灭。拿出内存卡的目的就是为了重新获得照相机中存储的照片。故选A。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：重新获得相机是我的职业生涯中最让我感到满意的成就。A. solution解决；B. assessment评定；C. donation捐款；D. accomplishment成就。因为相机中储藏了很多珍贵的照片，因此能够重新获得照相机是作者的职业生涯中最令自己满意的一个成就。故选D。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我们将相机从水中拿出时，我从未感受过如此地激动。A. mixture混合物；B. lack缺乏；C. burst爆炸，爆发；D. touch触摸。这个时候作者心中肯定会有一种特别快乐的感受，使用burst（突然爆发某种感情）表示“我”心中的感觉非常形象。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第 15小题考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们将尝试找到相机。A. repair修理；B. use采用；C. remove去掉；D. find找到。由下一段的“got the camera up”可知，“我们”要找到照相机。故选D。‎ ‎【答案】41. that 42. delivery 43. offered 44. from 45. approximately 46. measures 47. coming 48. was suspected 49. an 50. more likely ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了隔离感染病毒的人的想法是如何产生的，它源于14世纪欧洲的黑死病，为保护人们的生命，城市采取了隔离措施。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查主语从句的连接词。句意：可以肯定的是，隔离是没有乐趣的。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导主语从句，it是形式主语，从句中语意和成分都是完整的，应使用that引导主语从句。故填that。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：但是，有了食物，送货服务和互联网提供的娱乐服务，我们实际上很幸运。deliver的名词作定语修饰services，意为“送货服务”，它是不可数名词，不需要变复数。故填delivery。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。句意：但是，有了食物，送货服务和互联网提供的娱乐服务，我们实际上很幸运。offer在句子中不是谓语动词，entertainment承受offer的动作，因此offer使用过去分词。此处为“with+名词+过去分词”的结构。故填offered。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：隔离病人的想法可以追溯到远古时代。date from是固定短语，意为“追溯到”。故填from。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：人们在这种神秘疾病中像苍蝇一样死去，死亡人数攀升至数百万，最终造成约一半欧洲人口丧生，城市开始采取措施保护其公民。approximate的副词在句子中作状语修饰killing。故填approximately。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。句意：人们从在种神秘疾病中像苍蝇一样死去，死亡人数攀升至数百万，最终造成约一半欧洲人口丧生，城市开始采取措施保护其公民。take measures固定短语，意为“采取措施”，measure（措施）是可数名词。故填measures。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：意大利的港口城市威尼斯是重要的贸易中心，每天都有来自地球各个角落的船只。此处为“with+名词+现在分词”的结构，ships发出come的动作，因此come应该使用现在分词的形式。故填coming。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。句意：如果怀疑有船感染了瘟疫，则将其送到离岸隔离区，并下令在那里等待40天，以等待其康复或死亡。本句描述的是过去的事情，从句的谓语动词使用一般过去时，主语a ship为单数意义，动词使用单数形式并且主语承受suspect的动作，因此suspect还要使用被动语态。故填was suspected。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：如果怀疑有船感染了瘟疫，则将其送到离岸的一个隔离区，并下令在那里等待40天，以等待其康复或死亡。offshore为可数名词，此处表示泛指意义“一个隔离区”，offshore是以元音音素开头的单词，应使用不定冠词an。故填an。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查副词的比较级。句意：如果怀疑有船感染了瘟疫，则将其送到离岸隔离区，并下令在那里等待40天，以等待其康复或死亡。either和or连接的词语recovered和died具有相反的意义，感染瘟疫的人是很可能死去的，此处使用比较级表示死亡的可能性之大。故填more likely。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是应用文。作者在信中简要地介绍了京剧的历史和特点并建议Jim 到梅兰芳剧院看一场京剧表演。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查非谓语动词。句意：知道你对京剧很好奇，我很高兴向你介绍它。know的逻辑主语是I，I发出know的动作，因此应该使用know的现在分词作原因状语，故将Know改为Knowing。‎ ‎2.考查冠词。句意：京剧的历史可以追溯到18世纪后期，在清代得到了充分发展和认可。此处表示特指意义，指的是十八世纪晚期，故在late前加the。‎ ‎3.考查时态。句意：京剧的历史可以追溯到18世纪后期，在清代得到了充分发展和认可。由句子的时间状语the late 18th century可知，本句应使用一般过去时，故将becomes改为became。‎ ‎4.考查并列连词。句意：作为音乐，声乐表演和舞蹈的结合，京剧可以为听众带来耳目一新的感觉盛宴。music、vocal performance及dance三者是并列的关系，故将or改为and。‎ ‎5.考查固定短语。句意：作为音乐，声乐表演和舞蹈的结合，京剧可以为听众带来耳目一新的感觉盛宴。offer sb sth是固定短语，意为“提供某物给某人”，故将with 去掉。‎ ‎6.考查名词的数。句意：表演者穿着色彩鲜艳的服装和彩妆，与所扮演角色的个性相符。performer是可数名词，在句子中是泛指意义，且谓语是wear，应使用复数形式，故将Performer改为Performers。‎ ‎7.考查定语从句的连接词。句意：表演者穿着色彩鲜艳的服装和彩妆，与所扮演角色的个性相符。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限定性定语从句，引导词指代的是逗号前的先行词costumes 和 make-ups，因此使用which引导定语从句。故将that改为which。‎ ‎8.考查副词。句意：我强烈建议你参观梅兰芳剧院看一场京剧表演。副词作状语修饰动词，high 和highly都可以作为副词. high指具体的百高，如度： He jumps high 他跳的很高。 highly 指抽象的回高，如：My teacher spoke highly of what I did. 老师对我的行为做出了高度评价。英语中类似用法还答有：deep/deeply, close/closely 等。此处表示“高度地评价”，是抽象意义，故将 high改为highly。‎ ‎9.考查副词的比较级。句意：希望我的介绍可以帮助你比以前更好地了解京剧。由后面的than before可知，副词well应该使用比较级的形式，故将 well改为better。‎ ‎10.考查人称代词。句意：如果你有任何疑问，请随时问我。主句是祈使句，意为“你不要犹豫来问我”，因此不能使用反身代词myself，应用宾格me。故将 myself改为me。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎【答案】‎ Dear George,‎ I hope you’re doing well. Receiving your letter is such a refresh since I’m fully engaged in preparing for the exam.‎ As for my major, I will choose Medicine, which, I know, is a long-term commitment and a decision that shouldn’t be taken lightly. But being able to cure people or even save people’s lives is so rewarding. Though doctors are faced with much stress, my passion about healthcare and helping people tells me that I cannot go wrong with studying and working in Medicine and Health. Besides, doctors are highly respected in China and in great demand too, especially highly qualified professionals.‎ Sincerely hope my dream will come true soon. Best wishes. ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是一封书信。假定你是李华。你的英国朋友George来信，询问你的近况及上大学准备报考什么专业。 请你回复邮件介绍相关情况。‎ ‎【详解】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来。动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，不能遗漏要点：1. 正在认真备考；2.学医学专业；3.报考理由。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。根据写作要点我们可以初步确定文章可能使用到的词汇和短语及句子有：receive your letter， be fully engaged in preparing for the exam， As for my major, I will choose Medicine, which, I know, is a long-term commitment and a decision that shouldn’t be taken lightly. Being able to cure people or even save people’s lives is so rewarding. be faced with much stress， passion about healthcare， be highly respected， in great demand ，highly qualified professionals， come true。可以使用的衔接词：(1)表示选择关系或对等关系的连接词：either…or…，neither…nor，or，as well as…，both…and…。(2)表示因果关系的连接词：therefore，so，as a result，as a result of …，because of，due to，owing to，thanks to等。(3)表示时间顺序的连接词：then，later，meanwhile，at the beginning，in the end，before long，as soon as，at first，for the first(second…)time，the minute，the moment等。(4)表示转折对比关系的连接词：yet，but，while，on the contrary，on the other hand，however等。(5)表示解释说明的连接词：that is，that is to say，in other words，such as，for instance，and so on等。(6)表示递进关系的连接词：not only…but (also)，what’s more，what’s worse，besides，in addition，worse still，moreover等。(7)表示总结的连接词：in a word，on the whole，in short，briefly，in brief，to sum up，in all等。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了主从复合句： As for my major, I will choose Medicine, which, I know, is a long-term commitment and a decision that shouldn’t be taken lightly. 这句话运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句；Though doctors are faced with much stress, my passion about healthcare and helping people tells me that I cannot go wrong with studying and working in Medicine and Health. 这句话运用了though引导的让步状语从句和that引导的宾语从句。使用了一些固定词组，如：be fully engaged in， prepare for， as for， be faced with ，in great demand。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎