山西省实验中学2020届高三下学期摸底考试英语试题 Word版含解析 27页

www.ks5u.com 山西省实验中学2020届高三年级下学期摸底测试 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟。试卷满分：150分。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 请听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎1. What does the woman think of the lecture?‎ A. Unexpected. B. Long. C. Difficult.‎ ‎2. Why is the woman disappointed?‎ A. She missed the speech competition.‎ B. She has trouble learning English.‎ C. She got the last prize in the competition.‎ ‎3. Where was the man last night?‎ A. At home. B. In the hospital. C. In the woman's house.‎ ‎4. How much will the woman pay?‎ A. 260 dollars. B. 520 dollars. C. 780 dollars.‎ ‎5. What were the speakers supposed to do last weekend?‎ A. Go to the beach. B. Have a get-together. C. Work on the farm.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 请听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。‎ 请听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What is the man's problem?‎ A He has little time to sleep.‎ B. He has difficulty falling asleep.‎ C. He has got a really challenging job.‎ ‎7. What may the man try to do?‎ A. Go to bed early. B. Search for an easy job. C. Exercise before going to bed.‎ 请听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. Who used to live in the house?‎ - 27 -‎ A. A doctor. B. A teacher. C. An engineer.‎ ‎9. Why did the former owner sell the house?‎ A. He moved to work in another city.‎ B. He went to live with his daughter.‎ C. He thought his house was too old.‎ 请听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. Where does the woman suggest going?‎ A. To the beach. B. To the mall. C. To the museum.‎ ‎11. How will the speakers go to the haunted house?‎ A. By bus. B. On foot. C. By taxi.‎ ‎12. What will the speakers do after they visit the haunted house?‎ A. Go back to the hotel.‎ B. Visit their English friend.‎ C. Have dinner at an old bar.‎ 请听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What is the man going to do this afternoon?‎ A. Visit his lawyer. B. Sign an agreement. C. Go to the doctor.‎ ‎14. How will the woman help the man?‎ A. By canceling the meeting.‎ B. By answering the calls.‎ C. By cleaning his office.‎ ‎15. When did the woman give the man the document?‎ A. Half an hour ago. B. One day ago. C. Two days ago.‎ ‎16. What can we learn from the conversation?‎ A. The man is unmarried.‎ B. The woman is the man's secretary.‎ C. The speakers will have lunch together.‎ 请听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. Where did the incident happen?‎ A. In America. B. In Australia. C. In New Zealand.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎18. How many female swimmers were rescued?‎ A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.‎ ‎19. What did the dolphins do to protect the swimmers?‎ A. They drove the shark away.‎ B. They surrounded the swimmers.‎ C. They sent out warnings.‎ ‎20. How does Mr. Howes' family describe their experience?‎ A. Unforgettable. B. Inspiring. C. Thrilling.‎ 第二部 分阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中选出最佳答案。‎ A Welcome to our website. Here are some magazines to recommend this week.‎ Cover Price: $56.00‎ Sale Price: $25.00‎ Alarm celebrates independent thinking in music, art, film and fashion through in-depth writings. Each issue of Alarm features interviews, reviews and life stories of famous people in the artistic world. It also provides the latest news on famous bands, artists, film makers and fashion trends.‎ Cover Price: $47.40‎ Sale Price: $12.00‎ Alternative Press celebrates music and youth culture. It features the latest music news and releases, and includes interviews with new bands as well as famous bands. The magazine is written for fans of electronic, industrial, punk, underground, rock, experimental and other musical types. It also offers columns about new technology, book reviews and film reviews.‎ Cover Price: $39.92‎ Sale Price: $12.00‎ Sound ＆Vision is for people with a great interest in music and video. It is also for people - 27 -‎ ‎ who want to know how to reproduce video. The magazine tests new technology and explains how to buy and use music equipment.‎ Cover Price: $23.70‎ Sale Price: $12.00‎ Complex is a lifestyle magazine. It covers everything with hip-hop culture. Articles cover music, fashion, film and sports. It also has a buyer's guide to the hottest gear, clothes and gadgets. Complex combines two magazines into one. It is not only a lifestyle magazine but also a product guide.‎ ‎1. Alarm would most probably attract people who love reading __________.‎ A. reviews of novels B. simple humorous stories C. serious writings on music D. stories written by famous artists ‎2. What discount can you get if you buy Alternative Press on the website?‎ A. About 38% B. About 55%‎ C. About 70% D. About 75%‎ ‎3. Which magazine will suit a hip-hop fan?‎ A. Complex. B. Alarm.‎ C. Alternative Press. D. Sound & Vision.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一则广告。介绍了Alarm、Alternative Press 、Sound ＆Vision、Complex四本书的主要内容，涉及每本书的价格及书中涉及的艺术形式等内容。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一部分第一句Alarm celebrates independent thinking in music, art, film and fashion through in-depth writings.可知，Alarm通过深度写作颂扬了音乐艺术影视和时尚领域的独立思考，属于严肃写作方面的范围。因此推断它最可能吸引喜欢阅读关于音乐的严肃文学作品的人。故C项正确。‎ - 27 -‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二部分前三句Cover Price: $47.40；Sale Price: $12.00；Alternative Press celebrates music and youth culture.可知Alternative Press封面价格接近48元，真实出售价格是12元，大约百分之75的折扣。故D项正确。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一部分第二句It covers everything with hip-hop culture.可知Complex涉及hip-hop文化。故A项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】本文属于广告类阅读理解，考查信息寻找题较多，考查信息题一般在应用文体中较常见，体现于查字典、阅读广告、公告、演出海报、车船航班时间表等之中。这类阅读材料包含的某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在高考试题中，常常是就某一方面提问，考生完全没有必要从头到尾仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用“题干定全法”。即：先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，有针对性地阅读相关部分快速寻找有效信息。‎ 以小题3为例，我们先阅读题干，找出关键词a hip-hop fan，然后带着问题快速阅读文章，根据最后一部分第二句It covers everything with hip-hop culture.可知Complex涉及hip-hop文化。‎ B Anyone with a passing interest in their health will be able to rattle__off a few of the major vitamins, and possibly take an educated guess at what they do. Vitamin C, found in oranges and other fruit and vegetables, is important for wound repair. And the much－talked－about ‘sunshine’ Vitamin D, produced by the skin in response to UV light, is essential for strong bones.‎ But Vitamin P? It might well have you scratching your head. And that's not surprising: the term was first coined in the 1930s to describe a small group of compounds that provide pigment(天然色素) to plants, and were believed to have health benefits. Fast－forward almost a century and these compounds are now better known as flavonoids.‎ Today, scientists have identified between 4，000 and 6，000 different kinds and we now know they are responsible for many of the flavors and smells of fruit and vegetables and also that they protect them from invaders such as pests and bacteria.‎ - 27 -‎ They are equally important nutrients for the body, helping maintain bones and teeth, and for the production of the protein collagen(胶原), which provides structure to blood vessels, muscles and skin.‎ They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness, including oxidation(氧化), a natural process by which the body's cells age and can become damaged and defective(有缺陷的). That means they could help to protect against chronic diseases including cancer and heart disease.‎ ‎4. Which of the following best explains “rattle off” underlined in Paragraph 1?‎ A. Quickly say. B. Quickly pass.‎ C. Quickly find. D. Quickly take.‎ ‎5. What do we know about Vitamin P?‎ A. We would scratch our head if we took it.‎ B. It was made into a coin in the 1930s.‎ C. People didn't think it beneficial in the past.‎ D. It refers to the compounds also called flavonoids.‎ ‎6. How many functions of Vitamin P for humans are mentioned?‎ A. Four. B. Three.‎ C. Two. D. One.‎ ‎7. How does Vitamin P help slow the aging process?‎ A. By dealing with oxidation.‎ B. By maintaining bones.‎ C. By strengthening muscle.‎ D. By protecting against chronic diseases.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. D 6. B 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍维生素P以及它对人的作用。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第一段中Anyone with a passing interest in their health will be able to rattle off a few of the major vitamins, and possibly take an educated guess at what they do. (任何对自己的健康稍有兴趣的人都能rattle - 27 -‎ ‎ of一些主要的维生素，并可能对他们的行为做出有根据的猜测)。根据后面的并列句“possibly take an educated guess at what they do（可能对它们的作用做出有根据的猜测）”可知，该句介绍人们对各种维生素的了解情况，选项中A“快速地说出”符合上下文语义的衔接，表示“能一口气说出几种主要的维生素”。故选A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Fast－forward almost a century and these compounds are now better known as flavonoids.可知，关于维生素P我们知道它指的是也叫类黄酮的化合物。故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中They are equally important nutrients for the body, helping maintain bones and teeth, and for the production of the protein collagen(胶原), which provides structure to blood vessels, muscles and skin.和第五段第一句They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness, including oxidation(氧化),可知，它们对于身体同样重要，它们为身体提供营养价值，有助于维持骨骼和牙齿，也有助于产生蛋白质胶原蛋白，胶原蛋白为血管、肌肉和皮肤提供结构。因此维生素P对人体3个作用。故选B。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中They are also said to help the body deal with some of the key drivers of illness, including oxidation(氧化), a natural process by which the body's cells age and can become damaged and defective(有缺陷的).可知，据说它们还能帮助身体应对一些导致疾病的主要驱动因素，包括炎症和氧化。炎症和氧化是人体细胞老化的自然过程，会导致细胞受损和缺陷。因此推断维生素P通过氧化反应帮助延缓衰老过程。故选A。‎ C Can you be hit by a bullet and keep on fighting, or escape from a bomb explosion? Let's take a look at some actions in big-budget movies in summer vacation.‎ Survive nearby explosions The scene: A bomb explodes nearby but the hero escapes unharmed.‎ The science: Powerful explosion produces quickly expanding gas travelling faster than the speed of sound. Although this big wave lasts just a few milliseconds, it - 27 -‎ ‎ can cause hidden injuries whose effects may not become obvious for several days.‎ No one, except the most extreme terrorists, plans to be near a bomb, so mostly, survival comes down to good fortune — the size and type of the bomb and your distance from it.‎ Is it possible? Stand too close and no one is going to walk away from an explosion unharmed. Not even Iron Man.‎ Fight on after being shot The scene: The bad man is shot several times, but just keeps on going.‎ The science: Travelling at a speed of well over 250 meters per second, bullets are full of energy, much of which is transferred to the unlucky goal. High-speed, high-calibre（口径）bullets are likely to floor a man. Smaller, slower bullets can pass straight through a body, and because skin and tissue are elastic（弹性的），the hole may close up.‎ Whether or not you fall or escape also depends on where you are hit. A shot to the spine（脊柱）or head will stop you in your track. But if the bullet misses vital organs, you may be able to keep going, for a while at least.‎ Is it possible? If your vital organs don't take a hit, you may be able to keep going, but not for long. If the bullet does floor you, blood loss finally will.‎ Fall from a building The scene: A hero falls from a high building and survives.‎ The science: It is not the fall that kills you, but the sudden stop at the end. In the movies, falls are commonly slowed by trees, power lines, roofs and the like. Dividing one big fall into many smaller ones slows your fall, reducing the force of impact and increasing the chance of survival.‎ For the same reason, what you land on is also important.‎ How you hit the ground also influences whether or not you survive.‎ Is it possible? Possible but unlikely. Survival is somewhat relative. You can have a good chance to survive, but that doesn't mean you can jump up and run around. Brain injury, broken bones and chest wound are common.‎ ‎8. What does the underlined part mean in the last paragraph?‎ - 27 -‎ A. One might die, but his relatives will live well.‎ B. It is hard to say one is dead or still alive only by judging from his breath.‎ C. A man is still breathing, but some organs can not function well as a normal person.‎ D. Whether an actor can survive or not largely depends on his professional performance.‎ ‎9. This article probably comes from a .‎ A. story book B. science fiction C. movie review D. movie magazine ‎10. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. The Science of Summer Movies B. The Background of Summer Movies C. How to Take the Three Shots D. How to Survive the Three Scenes ‎11. What can be inferred from the text?‎ A. As long as one stands far enough away from a bomb he can be safe and unharmed.‎ B. The hole caused by a bullet in one's body can be treated as nothing has happened at all.‎ C. Either a hit on spine or a huge blood loss will immediately send you down on the floor.‎ D. One might be only slightly injured if he falls from a 5-storey building and lands on a soft mud.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. D 10. A 11. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了暑假大制作电影中的利用科技制作的一些大动作。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 词句猜测题。根据划线句前的“Possible but unlikely” 可能，但不太可能。结合下句“You can have a good chance to survive, but that doesn't mean you can jump up and run around. Brain injury, broken bones and chest wound are common.” 你很有可能活下来，但这并不意味着你可以跳，到处跑。脑损伤、骨折和胸部创伤是常见的。即能活下来，但你有可能会受伤。由此可推断出“Survival is somewhat relative.”的意思是你能活下来，能呼吸。但你有可能会受伤，甚至会伤到人的器官，这样受伤的器官可能不能正常运转了。分析选项，可知C项（仍活着，可能会受伤，也许器官会受伤不能正常运转）符合题意，故选C。‎ - 27 -‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章主要讲述暑期大制作电影中的利用科技制作的一些动作场景进行了叙述。主要介绍了三个可能但又不可能的场景，如一枚炸弹在附近爆炸，但英雄安然无恙地逃脱；坏人被枪杀了好几次，但还是继续活着；一个英雄从一座高楼上摔下来并活下来。由此可知，本文应该来自电影杂志。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。主旨段是文章第一段“Can you be hit by a bullet and keep on fighting, or escape from a bomb explosion? Let's take a look at some actions in big-budget movies in summer vacation.” 你可能被子弹击中而继续战斗，还是能从炸弹爆炸中逃生?让我们来看看暑期大制作电影中的一些动作吧。下文主要介绍了三种暑期大电影中的一些大动作的制作利用科技而将不可能变成了可能。文章中叙述了三部暑假电影（Summer Movies）中的“The scene ”与“The science”成分。分析选项可知，标题中应含有A项中包含“Summer Movies”和“The science””。分析选项可知A项（The Science of Summer Movies）符合题意，故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据场景三“Fall from a building（从一栋楼上坠落）”中的“falls are commonly slowed by trees, power lines, roofs and the like. Dividing one big fall into many smaller ones slows your fall, reducing the force of impact and increasing the chance of survival”、“For the same reason, what you land on is also important. How you hit the ground also influences whether or not you survive.”瀑布通常被树木、电线、屋顶等减缓。将一个大的坠落分成许多小的坠落会减缓你的坠落速度，减少撞击力，增加生存的机会。同样的原因，你的着陆地点也很重要。你落地的方式也会影响你是否能活下来。由以上的内容分析，可知如果一个人从5层楼的楼房摔下来，落在软泥上，会减少撞击力，就会增加生存的机会，有可能只会受轻伤。故D项符合题意，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】在阅读中我们经常会考查猜测词义或句意题。事实上，阅读材料中的每个词与它前后的词语或句子甚至段落都有联系。运用逻辑推理猜测词义或句意是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式，这要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各种已知信息）并结合具体的语境推测、判断某些词或短语的词义。例如第1小题句意猜测题。根据划线句前的“Possible but unlikely” 可能，但不太可能。结合下句“You can have a good chance to survive, but that doesn't mean you can jump up and run around. Brain injury,‎ - 27 -‎ ‎ broken bones and chest wound are common.” 你很有可能活下来，但这并不意味着你可以跳，到处跑。脑损伤、骨折和胸部创伤是常见的。即能活下来，但你有可能会受伤。由此可推断出“Survival is somewhat relative.”的意思是你能活下来，能呼吸。但你有可能会受伤，甚至会伤到人的器官，这样受伤的器官可能不能正常运转了。分析选项，可知C项（仍活着，可能会受伤，也许器官会受伤不能正常运转）符合题意，故选C。‎ D Attitudes toward new technologies often fall along generational lines. That is, generally, younger people tend to outnumber older people in face of a technological shift.‎ It is not always the case, though. When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars, there doesn't seem to be a clear generational divide. The public overall disagree on whether they'd like to use a driverless car. In a study last year, of all people surveyed, 48 percent said they wanted to ride in one, while 50 percent did not.‎ The fact that attitudes toward self-driving cars appear to be so steady across generations suggests how transformative the shift to driverless cars could be. Not everyone wants a driverless car now——and no one can get one yet ——but among those who are open to them, every age group is similarly engaged.‎ When it comes to driverless cars, differences in attitude are obvious based on factors not related to age. College graduates, for example, are particularly interested in driverless cars compared with those who have less education: 59 percent of college graduates said they would like to use a driverless car compared with 38 percent of those with a high-school diploma or less.‎ Where a person lives matters, too. More people who lived in cities and suburbs said they wanted to try driverless car than those who lived in rural areas.‎ While there's reason to believe that interest in self-driving cars is going up, a person's age will have little to do with how self-driving cars can become mainstream. Once driverless cars are actually available for sale, the early adopters will be the people who can afford to buy them.‎ ‎12. What usually happens when a new technology appears?‎ A. It benefits society greatly.‎ - 27 -‎ B. The old are not happy with it.‎ C. People of different ages react differently.‎ D. It will separate the old from the young.‎ ‎13. What does the author say about the driverless car?‎ A. It makes people's life more convenient.‎ B. It can lead to fewer road accidents.‎ C. It may start a revolution in the car industry.‎ D. It does not seem to create a generational divide.‎ ‎14. What is likely to affect a person's attitude toward the driverless car?‎ A. The field of his special interest.‎ B. The location of his living place.‎ C. The amount of his driving training.‎ D. The length of his driving experience.‎ ‎15. Who are the most potential customers of the driverless car?‎ A. The seniors. B. The wealthy.‎ C. The educated. D. The car lovers.‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇议论文。主要内容是虽然年轻人和老年人对待新技术的态度有所不同，但对于无人驾驶汽车的态度没有明显的代沟，本文就此展开了讨论。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段的That is, generally, younger people tend to outnumber older people in face of a technological shift.（也就是说，在技术变革的情况下，年轻人的数量通常会超过老年人。）由此可知，当一项新技术出现时，通常会发生不同年龄的人会有不同的反应，故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段 When you look at attitudes toward driverless cars there doesn’t seem to be a clear generational divide.（当你审视人们对无人驾驶汽车的态度时，似乎并没有明显的代沟。）可知，对于无人驾驶汽车的态度似乎并没有一个清晰的年代差异，故选D。‎ - 27 -‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。通读后三段以及根据倒数第二段 Where a person lives matters, too（一个人住在哪里也很重要）由此可知，他居住的地方可能会影响一个人对无人驾驶汽车的态度，故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Once driverless cars are actually available for sale, the early adopters will be the people who can afford to buy them.（一旦无人驾驶汽车真正上市销售，最早采用它们的将是那些买得起它们的人。）可知，一旦无人驾驶汽车真正上市销售，最早的用户将是那些买得起它们的人。故选B。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The Art of Slow Reading If you are reading this article in print, chances are that you will only get through half of what I have written. And if you are reading this online, you may not even finish a fifth. ____16____ They suggest that many of us no longer have the concentration to read articles through to their conclusion.‎ So are we getting stupider? Actually, our online habits are damaging the mental power we need to process and understand textual information. Round-the-clock news makes us read from one article to the next without necessarily engaging fully with any of the content. Our reading is frequently interrupted by the noise of the latest email and we are now absorbing short bursts of words on Twitter and Facebook more regularly than longer texts. ____17____ But we are gradually forgetting how to sit back, think carefully, and relate all the facts to each other.‎ ‎____18____ A desperate bunch of academics want us to take our time while reading, and re-reading. They ask us to switch off our computers every so often and rediscover both the joy of personal engagement with printed texts, and the ability to process them fully. What's to be done then? Most slow readers realize that total rejection of the web is extremely unrealistic. They feel that getaway from technology for a while is the answer. ____19____ Personally, I'm not sure whether I could ever go offline for long. Even while writing this article, I am switching constantly between ‎ - 27 -‎ sites, skimming too often, absorbing too little. Internet reading has become too rooted in my daily life for me to change. I read essays and articles not in hard copy but as PDFs. I suspect that many readers are in a similar position. ____20____ You can download a computer application called Freedom, which allows you to read in peace by cutting off your Internet connection. Or if you want to avoid being disturbed by the Internet, you could always download offline reader Instapaper for your iPhone. If you're still reading my article, that is slow reading.‎ A. The Internet is probably part of the problem.‎ B Now some campaigns are advocating slow reading.‎ C. These are the two findings from the recent research projects.‎ D. But if you just occasionally want to read more slowly, help is at hand.‎ E. Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.‎ F. Slow reading can help connect a reader to neighborhood and become popular.‎ G. Because of the Internet, we have become very good at collecting information.‎ ‎【答案】16. C 17. G 18. B 19. E 20. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文讲述的是“慢读的艺术”。 研究表明我们中的许多人不再专注于阅读文章，实际上，我们的网络习惯正在破坏我们处理和理解文本信息所需要的精神力量。大多数慢读者意识到，完全拒绝网络是非常不现实的，他们觉得暂时摆脱科技是解决问题的办法。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据下文：他们认为，我们中的许多人不再专注于阅读文章。此处的they应该是指代前文出现的事物，也就是C项中的the two findings，“最近的研究项目有两个发现。”故选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上句：我们的阅读经常被最新电子邮件的噪音所打断，我们现在在Twitter和Facebook上吸收简短的一连串的单词比长篇大论更有规律。故可知因为有了互联网，我们变得非常善于收集信息。故选G。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据下文：一群极度渴望的学者希望我们在阅读或重读的时候要放慢速度。故可知现在一些活动提倡缓慢阅读。故选B。‎ - 27 -‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据上文：大多数慢读者意识到，完全拒绝网络是非常不现实的。他们觉得暂时摆脱科技是解决问题的办法。由此推知，E项Some of them have suggested turning their computers off for one day a week.（他们中的一些人建议每周把电脑关掉一天。）与上文匹配。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据空格下句：你可以下载一个叫做Freedom的电脑程序，这样你就可以通过切断你的网络连接来阅读。由此可知此处的意思是：如果你只是偶尔想要读得慢一些，那么帮助就在手边。故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 做七选五时“尤其代词不可放”是说：在填空处的前后语境中出现的一些代词不可忽视。有这样一道题：”They can be rich resources to improve your knowledge.”，该选项中凭空多出一个代词they，这说明什么问题？代词是起替代作用的，一定是前文出现的事物被they替代了，找到被替代的名词就可以了。往文中一找，前面的语境是“Volunteering brings together all kinds of people.所以they替代的就是前文的all kinds of people短语。这样的现象在七选五中是很多见了，能帮助大家解决不少难题。本题第1小题，根据下文：他们认为，我们中的许多人不再专注于阅读文章。此处的they应该是指代前文出现的事物，也就是C项中的the two findings，“最近的研究项目有两个发现。”故选C。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分55分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ When young, I loved going on trail runs. It was my favorite way to ___21___tress. So. when I was back in my hometown after a ___22___first year of my Ph. D. program, I thought a trail run was just what I needed. But instead of helping me relax, the run did just the ___23___.‎ After I moved to the city for college, where my runs were on flat concrete paths instead of ___24___dirt trails, I used a GPS watch. When I went on trail runs again in the country, it constantly reminded me of the fact that I wasn't ___25___up with my usual pace. I ___26___ my watch, thinking that would allow me to enjoy my ___27___and find the peace I expected, ___28___I found myself underperforming. "Why can't I let ‎ - 27 -‎ go and just enjoy myself?" I wondered. But after some ___29___, I realized why I was ___30___— both on trail runs and in graduate school.‎ Going into my Ph. D. , I had thought that my solid undergraduate track record would set me up for ___31___success. To my surprise, I was wrong. I ___32___confidence in my research abilities which I thought stopped me performing well and I constantly felt my progress was too slow. Other students' self-confidence and their excellent results made me feel ___33___. One day, I ___34___broke down in tears in my adviser's office.‎ Then came my visit home. I was having ___35___because I hadn't properly ___36___my expectations to the differences between ___37___run and a trail run.‎ A Ph. D. is like a trail run. Sometimes you can run fast. Sometimes you might find yourself climbing up a steep, winding trail at a ___38___pace. And that's OK. Barriers are ___39___, and success looks and feels different on a challenging trail than it does on a smooth, flat path. Sometimes it's best to take a deep breath and do your best to ___40___the challenge.‎ ‎21. A. accept B. expose C. escape D. rescue ‎22. A. magical B. normal C. fast D. tough ‎23. A. opposite B. same C. odd D. extreme ‎24. A. safe B. similar C. winding D. transparent ‎25. A. coming B. keeping C. breaking D. linking ‎26. A. cut off B. put off C. set off D. turned off ‎27. A. investments B. surroundings C. investigations D. associations ‎28. A. but B. so C. as D. because ‎29. A. motivation B. imagination C. reflection D. determination ‎30. A. talking B. running C. struggling D. trembling - 27 -‎ ‎31. A. current B. instant C. temporary D. general ‎32. A. ended B. enriched C. missed D. lacked ‎33. A. indifferent B. insecure C. incredible D. inconsiderate ‎34. A. ultimately B. initially C. hopefully D. permanently ‎35. A. battle B. complaint C. fun D. trouble ‎36. A. adjusted B. devoted C. owed D. contributed ‎37. A. a country B. a native C. an urban D. a foreign ‎38. A. rabbit's B. worm's C. snake's D. snail's ‎39. A. unreal B. unavoidable C. unlimited D. unacceptable ‎40. A. embrace B. border C. prepare D. recognize ‎【答案】21. C 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. A 37. C 38. D 39. B 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。文章讲述了作者在城市水泥路上和在乡村小路上跑步时的不同感受，反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因。告诉读者要学会根据情况来调整自己的预期，去收获成功与满足。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：年轻的时候，我喜欢跑步。这是我最喜欢的逃避压力的方式。A. accept接受；B. expose暴露；C. escape逃避；D. rescue救援。根据下文“a trail run was just what I needed. But instead of helping me relax,”可知，作者认为跑步可以让他放松，摆脱压力。可推断出跑步是作者最喜欢的逃避（escape）压力的方式。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：当我经历了第一年艰难的博士学业回到家乡时，我想我正需要一次野外跑步。A. magical魔法的；B. normal正常的；C. fast快速的；D.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎ tough困难的。根据第三段第11-14小题的内容可知他的博士生活中遇到了困难，认为自己没有研究能力，没有自信等，甚至崩溃到哭，可知第一年是艰难的（tough）。故选D。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：然而这次的小路跑步之旅并没有让我放松，反而起到了相反的作用。A. opposite相反的；B. same同样的；C. odd奇怪的，反常的；D. extreme极端。根据转折连词but, 可知前后两句是相反的。根据上句说“跑步没有让我放松”，可知跑步却有了相反的（opposite） 作用。故选A。‎ ‎24题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：在我到城里上大学后，我的跑步是在平坦的水泥路上，而不是在蜿蜒的泥土路上，我用了GPS手表。A. safe安全的；B. similar相似的；C. winding弯曲的，蜿蜒的；D. transparent明显的。根据“on flat concrete paths instead of”到城里后是在平坦的水泥路上跑步，可知winding“蜿蜒的”跟flat“平坦的”是相反的。故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：当我再次在乡村进行越野跑时，它不断提醒我，我没有保持平时的步伐。A. come up with提出；B keep up with保持；C break up with分手；D. link up with连接。根据后面的“my usual pace（我平时的步伐）”可知，此处是指保持（keep up with）平时的步伐，故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词短语。句意：我关掉手表，以为这样可以让我享受周围的环境，找到我所期望的平静。A. cut off切断；B.put off推迟；C.set off出发；D.turn off关闭。根据后面的“my watch(我的手表)”可知，此处是指“关闭（turn off）”，故选D。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我关掉了手表，认为这样能够让我享受周围的环境，找到我所期盼的平和。A. investments投资；B. surroundings环境；C. investigations调查；D. associations联想，联系。根据语境可知，我外面跑步，会享受周围的环境（surroundings），故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：但是我发现自己做不到。A. but但是，表示转折关系；B. so因此，表示因果关系；C. as当时候；D. because因为。根据前句“我关了手表 ，认为自己能享受周围的环境”，与空格后的“我发现自己做不到”，可知前后两句是转折关系，故填A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ - 27 -‎ 考查名词辨析。句意为：但是在反思之后，我意识到我内心挣扎的原因——在小路跑步和研究生院跑步这两件事上。A. motivation动机；B. imagination想象；C. reflection反思；D. determination决心。根据前一句"Why can't I let go and just enjoy myself?" 为什么我不能放手，好好享受呢?由此可知这是作者的反思（reflection），故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意为：但是在反思之后，我意识到我内心挣扎的原因——在小路跑步和研究生院跑步这两件事上。A. talking讨论；B. running跑；C. struggling挣扎；D. trembling颤抖。根据上句"Why can't I let go and just enjoy myself?" I wondered. 我想知道“为什么我不能放手，好好享受呢?”。由此可知，作者内心有挣扎（struggling），故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：在攻读博士学位时，我本认为我扎实的本科学习成绩将立刻让我成功。A. current目前的，当前的；B. instant瞬时；C. temporary临时；D. general一般的。根据 “I constantly felt my progress was too slow. Other students' self-confidence and their excellent results”经常感到自己进步太慢。其他学生的自信和优异的成绩……。以及“I was wrong（我错了）”可知，原来认为自己由于扎实的本科成绩而会立刻（instant）成功。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：我在研究能力方面缺少信心，而这种自信缺失让我表现不佳。A. ended结束；B. enriched丰富；C. missed错过；D. lacked缺乏。根据上文，作者成绩优秀，结合下文“Other students' self-confidence and their excellent results” 其他学生有自信和优异的成绩，可知，我缺少(lack)自信让我表现不佳。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：其他学生的自信心和他们优异的成绩让我不安。A. indifferent冷漠的；B. insecure不安全的；C. incredible令人难以置信的 ；D. inconsiderate不体谅的。根据上文缺乏自信让我表现不好，所以其他学生的自信心和他们优异的成绩让我不安（insecure），故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。句意：终于有一天我崩溃了在我的导师办公室哭了。A. ultimately最终；B. initially起初；C. hopefully希望地；D.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎ permanently永远地。根据上文可知，作者以为自己扎实的本科成绩会获得成功。让他吃惊的是错了。他对自己在研究方面的能力没有信心，认为这阻止了他的良好表现，经常感到自己的进步太慢。其他学生的自信和优异的成绩让作者感到不安。最终（ultimately）才会崩溃的哭了。故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：然后我回家了。我遭遇到困难是因为我没有调整好自己的期待：关于城市跑步和乡村小路跑步的不同。A. battle战斗；B. complaint抱怨；C. fun有趣；D. trouble困难，麻烦。根据前文可知，作者在研究方面缺乏自信，觉得自己进步太慢了，又因为其他人的自信和优异的成绩而不安，最终崩溃，由此可知，作者遇到了困难（trouble），故选D。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配及动词辨析。句意：我遭遇到困难，因为我没有调整好自己的期待以适应城市跑步和乡村小路跑步的不同。A. adjusted调节，适应；B. devoted致力于；C. owed欠，归功；D. contributed贡献，捐献。根据上文的内容可知，作者遇到困难是因为自己没有调整（adjusted）好自己的心态，故选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：我遭遇到困难，因为我没有调整好自己的期待以适应城市跑步和乡村小路跑步的不同。A. a country国家；B. a native本地人；；C. an urban城市；D. a foreign外国。根据上文“both on trail runs and in graduate school.”乡村小路以及在研究生院的路，而研究生院在大城市，此处是指在城市的（an urban）路上跑步，故选C。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。句意：博士学位就像越野跑:有时你可以跑得很快。有时你可能发现自己正在一条崎岖蜿蜒的小路上以蜗牛的速度爬行。A. rabbit's兔子的；B. worm's虫子的；C. snake's蛇的；D. snail's蜗牛的。 根据前面的“Sometimes you can run fast. Sometimes you might find yourself climbing up a steep, winding trail at” 有时你可以跑得很快。有时你可能会发现自己爬上陡峭、蜿蜒的小径,在陡峭的小径上，自然就会很慢。根据常识可知，人们总是认为蜗牛（snail's）的速度是最慢的，故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。句意：障碍是不可避免的。A. unreal不真实的；B. unavoidable不可避免的；C. unlimited无限的；D. unacceptable无法接受的。根据上文可知，人生的路有时快，有时慢，因为会遇到“崎岖蜿蜒的”路，这些都是障碍，可知，障碍是不可避免的（unavoidable），故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ - 27 -‎ 考查动词辨析。句意：有时最好深呼吸，并尽自己最大的努力去迎接挑战。A. embrace拥抱，欣然接受；B. border和……毗邻; 与……接壤；C. prepare使做好准备，把……预备好；D. recognize认识，认出，辨别出。根据语境可知此处作者是建议人们，遇到挑战时，尽最大努力来接受（embrace）挑战。故选A。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ One day, I saw a kid walking home from school. His name was Kyle. It looked as if he was carrying all of his books. I had quite a weekend ___41___ (plan), so I shrugged my shoulders and went on. As I was walking, I saw ___42___ bunch of kids running towards him. They ran at him, ___43___ (knock) all his books out of his arms and he landed in the dirt. His ___44___ (glass) went flying. He looked up and I saw the terrible ___45___ (sad) in his eyes. My heart went out to him. So, I jogged over to him as he crawled around looking for his things. Later, we talked all the way home, and I carried some of his books. He looked hard at me and gave me a little smile. “Thankfully, I ___46___ (save). My friend saved me from doing the unspeakable.” Not until that moment did I realize its ___47___ (deep). Never underestimate the power of your actions. ___48___ a small gesture, you can change a person’s life. For ___49___ (good) or for worse, God puts us all in each other’s lives to impact one another in some way. As you can see, friends are angels ___50___ lift us to our feet when our wings have trouble remembering how to fly.‎ ‎【答案】41. planned ‎ ‎42. a 43. knocking ‎ ‎44. glasses ‎ ‎45. sadness ‎ ‎46. was saved ‎ ‎47. depth 48. With ‎ ‎49. better 50. who/that ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过作者的亲身经历，告诉我们“朋友是天使，当我们的翅膀记不住如何飞翔时，他们会把我们扶起来。”‎ - 27 -‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。句意：我有一个很好的周末计划，所以我耸了耸肩，继续前行。have +宾语+过去分词，此结构中“宾语+过去分词”之间是被动关系，是过去分词作宾语补足语，故答案为planned。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：当我走着的时候，我看见一群孩子朝他跑过来。a bunch of“一群，一束”，故答案为a。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查现在分词。句意：他们朝他跑去，把他所有书都从怀里撞了下来，他摔在了地上。句子主语They和knock之间是一种主动关系，是现在分词作伴随状语，故答案为knocking。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：他的眼镜飞了出去。此处用glasses表示“眼镜”，故答案为glasses。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：他抬起头来，我看到了他眼中可怕的悲伤。此处terrible是形容词，形容词修饰名词，故答案为sadness。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查时态语态。句意：谢天谢地，我得救了。我的朋友把我从那些不可言说的事情中拯救出来。此处句子主语I和save之间是被动关系，结合句意可知用一般过去时态的被动语态，故答案为was saved。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：直到那一刻我才意识到它的深度。此处its是形容词性的物主代词，修饰名词，故答案为depth。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：一个小小的举动，就能改变一个人的一生。此处with“和……在一起，具有，带有”，故答案为With。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查比较级。句意：无论是好是坏，神把我们放在彼此的生命中，以某种方式影响彼此。结合句意可知此处用比较级，故答案为better。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ - 27 -‎ 考查定语从句。句意：正如你所看到的，朋友是天使，当我们的翅膀记不住如何飞翔时，他们会把我们扶起来。此处angels是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，故答案为who/that。‎ ‎【点睛】分析定语从句关键抓住两点：第一、找准先行词；第二、看先行词在定语从句中所作的成分。先行词往往为名词或代词，如本题第10小题中先行词为名词angels，再分析先行词angels在定语从句中所作的成分，将先行词angels带到从句中可知，只能作主语，故确定关系词为who/that。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ We are required to collect our smart phones and keep it in the teacher's during the weekdays. In fact, the most of us obey this regulation, but some still play various trick against it. I'm among them. Once, I hand in a waste phone. Mr Li, our head teacher, seemed ignore all that. So I felt very luckily to have an extra phone with me. And good times don't last long. "Can I use your phone as a while? I forgot to take mine by chance. " Mr Li said, pick out my waste phone and dialing. You can see how embarrassing I was at the scene!‎ ‎【答案】1.it→them ‎2.去掉most前面的the ‎3.trick→tricks ‎4.hand→handed ‎5.seemed后添加to ‎6.luckily→lucky ‎7.And→But ‎8.as→for - 27 -‎ ‎9.pick→picking ‎10. embarrassing→embarrassed ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为记叙文。我们被要求在工作日把我们的智能手机收集并把它们放在老师那里。事实上，我们大多数人都遵守这一规定，但仍有一些人为此耍小聪明。比如我，有一次交了一个废电话却被李老师识破，在现场我非常尴尬。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查代词。句意：我们被要求在工作日收集我们的智能手机并把它放在老师那里。根据前面的“our smart phones”可知，有许多手机，要用复数形式，而不是单数，故把it改为them。‎ ‎2.考查固定用法及冠词的用法。句意：事实上，我们大多数人都遵守这一规定，但有些人仍然玩各种各样的伎俩来反对它。此数的most是代词，表示“大多数”，故其前不用定冠词the，故去掉the。‎ ‎3.考查名词复数。句意：但仍有人对其耍各种小聪明。我也在其中。根据前面的“various”可知，此处要用名词的复数，故把trick改为tricks。‎ ‎4.考查动词时态。句意：有一次，我交了一个废弃的电话。根据语境中的“once”可知，事情发生在过去，要用一般过去时，故把hand改为handed。‎ ‎5.考查固定搭配。句意：李老师，我们的班主任，似乎没有注意到这一切。“seem to do ”为固定搭配，意为“似乎做某事”，故用动词不定式做宾语，故在seemed后添加to。‎ ‎6.考查形容词做表语。句意：所以我觉得很幸运能多带一部电话。分析句子可知，句中的felt是系动词，后面要用形容词作表语，故把luckily改为lucky。‎ ‎7.考查语境及连词。句意：所以我觉得很幸运，多带了一部手机。但好时光不会持续太久。根据前后的语境可知，两句是转折关系，而不是递进或并列关系，故把And改为But。‎ ‎8.考查固定搭配。句意：我能用一下你的电话吗？“for a while”为固定搭配，意为“一会儿，暂时’。故把as改为for。‎ ‎9.考查非谓语。句意：把我的不用的电话拿出来拨号。分析句子可知，句中的“pick out my waste phone”在句中做伴随状语，pick与动词said二者是主动关系，而且文中的and 后的“dialing”与pick是并列作伴随状语，可知pick也要用动词的-ing形式，故把 pick改为picking。‎ ‎10.‎ - 27 -‎ ‎ 考查-ed形容词。句意：你可以看到我在现场有多尴尬！形容词“embarrassing”意为“令人尴尬的”，一般用于修饰物的；而“embarrassed”意为“尴尬的”，一般用于修饰人。文中是修饰人的，要用embarrassed，故把embarrassing改为embarrassed。‎ 第二节：书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你在报纸上看到你市电视台今年七月将举办外国人"学做中餐，乐享中国菜"才艺大赛．你的外教Peter非常喜欢中国厨艺，你建议他去试一试．请按以下要点给他写信告知此事，并表示可以提供帮助．‎ ‎1． 比赛时间：7月15日；‎ ‎2． 报名时间：截止到6月30日；‎ ‎3． 报名地点：市电视台．‎ 注意：‎ ‎1． 词数100左右；‎ ‎2． 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯．‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ ‎ I read in newspaper today that a “Learn Chinese Cuisine, Enjoy Chinese Foods” Foreigners’ Talent Show will be held in my city Television Station on July 15th. I know you like Chinese cooking, and you are free during that period. I think this is a good chance for you to show your cooking talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese cooking. If you would like to try, you’ll have to go to the TV station to sign up before the end of June. If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua - 27 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 考查提纲式作文。‎ ‎【详解】考查提纲式作文。写好提纲式作文的关键是认真审题和分析所给的提纲，因此考生首先要认真阅读前面的提示，认清写作要求和提纲之间的关系，然后确定文章的主题、文体、人称和时态。根据所给提纲，列出要点，并以此为基础充分发挥自己的想象力，灵活运用英语知识，采用不同的表达方式将各要点完整地表述出来，注意主次分明，详略得当。语言力求准确、简洁。同时应选用合适的连接词或过渡词，使文章具有一定的连贯性。考生必须认真查验是否有漏写情况，有无拼写错误及标点误用等。‎ ‎【点睛】I read in newspaper today that a “Learn Chinese Cuisine, Enjoy Chinese Foods”Foreigners’Talent Show will be held in my city Television Station on July 15th.这句话运用名词性从句。文章还用了一些短语，如：would like to，sign up，more than等等。最后，文章注意了语句的衔接，如and；if；before等连接词起到很好的连接上下文的作用，使文章读起来自然流畅，朗朗上口。‎ - 27 -‎ - 27 -‎