【英语】广东省六校联盟2020届高三上学期第一次联考试题（解析版） 23页

广东省六校联盟2020届高三上学期第一次联考英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Returns & Refund Guarantee The “Returns & Refund Guarantee” is a promise provided by sellers for every item they sell on DHgate.com. When you receive an item that was bought and paid for on our site, and you find it is not as described or is of low quality, you can contact the seller to resolve these problems. DHgate will offer additional assistance if the seller is not cooperative.‎ Scope The following points should not be included in the “Returns & Refund Guarantee”:‎ ‎▲The seller didn’t make any promise.‎ ‎▲The seller can provide evidence to prove the items are as described ‎▲You didn’t contact the seller within the promised time.‎ ‎▲You have released the payment to the seller before asking DHgate for help.‎ Sellers are able to set up the following promise:‎ Returning items for any reason Buyers can return items for a refund within a specific day which has been set up by sellers, such as 3 days, and 7 days from the day when the items are received. The items’ receive date is the date that is indicated on the shipping carrier’s official website. Buyers should prepay any return shipping cost, which will be given back to the buyers after the seller receives the items as long as the items are returned in the same exact condition as when they were delivered.‎ Returns or Refunds accepted if the product has quality issues Buyers can return the items for a refund when they are not as described or possess quality issues by communicating directly with the seller. The seller is responsible for the return shipping cost.‎ Buyers can get a refund and keep the items when the items are not as described or possess ‎ quality issues by negotiating directly with sellers.‎ ‎1. Who can get additional assistance from DHgate in the guarantee?‎ A. The buyers in physical stores. B. The buyers on DHgate.com.‎ C. The sellers on DHgate.com. D. Both the buyers and the sellers.‎ ‎2. Which situation is within the scope of the guarantee?‎ A. The seller didn’t make any promise.‎ B. The buyer has paid the seller in advance.‎ C. The buyer asked for help within the promised time.‎ D. The seller proves that there is nothing wrong with the item.‎ ‎3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?‎ A. All the sellers didn’t make promises.‎ B. DHgate sometimes will pay the buyers.‎ C. Sellers should prepay return shipping cost.‎ D. The buyer can’t keep the items after getting a refund.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章为退货退款保证说明，这是卖家在DHgate.com上出售的每一件商品的承诺，以及卖家和买家各自的事项说明。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段The“Returns & Refund Guarantee”is a promise provided by sellers for every item they sell on DHgate.com. When you receive an item that was bought and paid for on our site, and you find it is not as described or is of low quality, you can contact the seller to resolve these problems. DHgate will offer additional assistance if the seller is not cooperative.（“退货退款保证”是卖家在DHgate.com上出售的每一件商品的承诺。当你收到在我们的网站上购买和付款的物品，你发现它不是描述的或质量差，你可以联系卖家解决这些问题。如果卖方不合作，DHgate将提供额外的帮助。）可知DHgate.com上的买家可以得到DHgate额外的帮助。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Scope部分中The following points should not be included in the “Returns & Refund Guarantee”:▲You didn’t contact the seller within the promised time.‎ ‎（以下不应包括在“退货及退款保证”内:你没有在承诺的时间内联系卖方。）可知买方在承诺的时间内寻求帮助属于担保范围。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Sellers are able to set up the following promise:部分中▲Buyers can return the items for a refund when they are not as described or possess quality issues by communicating directly with the seller.(买家可以在卖家设置的特定日期内（如收到商品之日起的3天和7天）退还商品以获得退款。)可知，卖家要获得退款，必须在特定日期退款。故选D。‎ B My family and I never talked about school as the ticket to a future. I was in the classrooms, but I wasn’t there to learn to write, read or even speak. When it was my turn to read, I wanted to hide. I was 13 years old, but I already hated being who I was.‎ I had an English teacher, Mr. Creech, who knew I couldn’t read. In one of my first lessons the teacher said that anyone who had a reading age below six had to stand up. I felt so embarrassed. But at the same time, it made me realize that I needed to change the situation. I was determined it wouldn’t happen again. Later that day, Mr. Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read. From then on, I never gave up practicing reading.‎ Now I was 41 years old. One day, I planned to fly back to Texas to visit my friends and family. On my way from the airport, I saw Mr. Creech buying himself a drink. I rushed over and reached into my pocket to pay for him. “Do I know you?” he asked. “Yes, sir, you do know me,” I answered excitedly. “My name is Anthony Hamilton. You taught me English.” The look on his face told me that he remembered the boy he’d once encouraged.‎ ‎“I’m so glad I had a chance to see you,” I said. “And Mr. Creech, I have great news to share.” I told him I had learned to read. But that wasn’t all. I had become a published author and an active speaker. “The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom, please encourage him to read as well,” I added.‎ The experts say what once worried me has a name: dyslexia (诵读困难症). But I can tell you it was a lack of desire for education.‎ ‎4. Why did the author want to hide?‎ A. Because he felt sorry for himself. B. Because he hated being laughed at.‎ C. Because he couldn’t read at all. D. Because he didn’t have a ticket.‎ ‎5. Which of the following could best describe Mr. Creech?‎ A. Considerate and dutiful. B. Demanding and enthusiastic.‎ C. Emotional and dedicated. D. Friendly and ambitious.‎ ‎6. Why couldn’t the author read before meeting Mr.Creech?‎ A. Because his reading age was not long enough.‎ B. Because his parents didn’t teach him how to read.‎ C. Because he was afraid of reading before the class.‎ D. Because he didn’t have inner driving force to learn to read.‎ ‎7. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. Mr. Creech taught two students called Anthony Hamilton.‎ B. The author had become a published author and an active speaker.‎ C. Dyslexia was the underlying reason that made the author unable to read.‎ D. The author was grateful to Mr. Creech.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. A 6. D 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者患有诵读困难，13岁了还不识字。直到遇到了Creech老师，老师尽职地鼓励和帮助作者阅读，从此作者再也没有放弃阅读。多年后作者再次遇到老师，表达了自己的感激之情。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中I was in the classrooms, but I wasn’t there to learn to write, read or even speak. When it was my turn to read, I wanted to hide.（我在教室里，但我不是在那里学习写作、阅读甚至是说话。轮到我读书时，我想藏起来。）以及第二段中I had an English teacher, Mr. Creech, who knew I couldn’t read.（我有一个英语老师，Mr. Creech，他知道我不识字。）可知作者想躲起来，是因为他根本不识字。故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中I had an English teacher, Mr. Creech, who knew I couldn’t read. In one of my first lessons the teacher said that anyone who had a reading age below six had to stand up. （我有一个英语老师，克里奇先生，他知道我不识字。在我的第一节课上，老师说任何一个阅读年龄在6岁以下的人都必须站起来。）可知Mr. Creech 知道作者不识字，因此在第一节课上只是让阅读年龄在6岁以下的人站起来，体现了他很体贴学生；以及下文Later that day, Mr. Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read.（那天晚些时候，Mr. Creech鼓励我，并承诺他会尽最大努力帮助我学习阅读。）可知Mr. Creech帮助作者学习阅读，是非常尽职尽责的。故选A。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中Later that day, Mr. Creech encouraged me and promised he would try his best to help me learn to read. From then on, I never gave up practicing reading.（那天晚些时候，克里奇老师鼓励我，并承诺他会尽最大努力帮助我学习阅读。从那以后，我再也没有放弃过阅读。）以及最后一段The experts say what once worried me has a name: dyslexia. But I can tell you it was a lack of desire for education.（专家们说，曾经让我担心的问题有一个名字:诵读困难。但我可以告诉你，这是因为缺乏受教育的欲望。）可知作者在遇到克里奇老师之前不能阅读，是因为他没有学习阅读的内在动力。故选D。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I’m so glad I had a chance to see you,” I said. “And Mr. Creech, I have great news to share.” I told him I had learned to read. But that wasn’t all. I had become a published author and an active speaker. “The next time you get another Anthony Hamilton in your classroom, please encourage him to read as well,” I added.（“我很高兴有机会见到你，”我说。“克里奇老师，我有个好消息要告诉你。我告诉他我已经学会了阅读。但这还不是全部。我成了一名作家和演说家。“下次你的教室里再来一个安东尼·汉密尔顿，请也鼓励他读书，”我补充道。）可知作者见到克里奇老师很高兴，并且告诉老师自己的近况，可推知作者很感激克里奇老师。故选D。‎ C A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.‎ ‎“It’s extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty with a project like ‎ this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.‎ They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything it’s connected to,” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.‎ While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield. “Basically, it should be able to take off, land and fly around,” he said.‎ Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”‎ ‎8. Which of the following statements was the difficulty engineers met while making the robotic fly?‎ A. They did not have sufficient fund.‎ B. No ready-made components were available.‎ C. There was no model in their mind.‎ D. It was hard for them to assemble the components.‎ ‎9. What can be inferred from paragraphs 3 and 4?‎ A. The robotic fly has been put into wide application.‎ B. The robotic fly consists of a flight device and a control system.‎ C. Information from many sources can be collected by the robotic fly.‎ D. The robotic fly can just fly in limited areas at present.‎ ‎10. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?‎ A. Wood’s design can replace animals in some experiments.‎ B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.‎ C. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects.‎ D. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.‎ ‎11. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?‎ A. The Development of Robotic Fly B. Robotic Fly Promotes Engineering Science C. Harvard’s Efforts in Making Robotic Fly D. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life Insect ‎【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了哈佛大学的一组工程师受到大自然的启发，创造了第一只机器苍蝇。文章还说明了设计这种机械苍蝇遇到的困难和该飞行装置的应用区域，这种设计为研究飞行力学和昆虫控制提供了一种新方法 ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中. “The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,” he said.（他说:“像这样的项目还有一个额外的困难，那就是这些组件都不是现成的，所以我们必须自己开发。”）可知工程师们在让机器人飞行时遇到的困难是没有现成的组件。故选B。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers’ fields or on the battlefield.（当这第一个机器人飞行器连接到一个小型的，外置的电源时，它的目标是最终给它配备一个内置的电源，这样它可能有一天在救援地点，在农民的田地或战场上执行数据收集工作。）可推知机器苍蝇目前只能在有限的区域飞行。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals,‎ ‎ but using these robots instead,” he said.（“你可以开始考虑用它们来回答开放式的科学问题，你知道，用动物很难做到的方式来研究生物学，但可以用这些机器人来代替，”他说。）可知伍德的设计可以在某些实验中代替动物。故选A。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly.（哈佛大学的一组工程师受到大自然的启发，创造了第一只机器苍蝇。机械苍蝇已经成为一系列高新技术集成系统的平台。这台小型机器的设计初衷是让苍蝇能很自然地做它们该做的事情，但它的体积只有一只家蝇那么大。）以及文章主要内容围绕着机械苍蝇能够模仿真实的昆虫来进行数据收集工作，故D选项符合文章标题。故选D。‎ D The joy of absence How some companies fight the curse of presenteeism (出勤主义)?‎ RONALD REAGAN famously joked that “it’s true hard work never killed anybody, but I figure, why take the chance?” Beyond a certain level, extra effort seems to be self-defeating. Studies suggest that, after around 50 hours a week, employee productivity declines sharply.‎ But that doesn’t stop some managers from demanding that workers stay chained to their desk for long periods. Jack Ma, the founder of Alibaba, the Chinese e-commerce group, recently praised the 996 model, where employees work from 9a.m. to 9p.m., six days a week, as a “great opportunity”. Yet presenteeism is the curse of the modern office worker.‎ There will be days when you do not have much to do; perhaps because you are waiting for someone else in a different department, or a different company, to respond to a request. As the clock ticks past 5p.m., there may be no purpose in staying at your desk. But you can see your boss hard at work and, more importantly, they can see you. So you make an effort to look busy.‎ The consequence is often wasted effort. Rather than work hard, you slave to make bosses think that you are. But presenteeism has more serious consequences. As well as reduced productivity, this can mean greater medical expenses for the employer. According to a study in the Journal of Occupation and Environmental Medicine, these costs can be six times higher for employers than the costs of absenteeism among workers.‎ None of this is to say that employers are not called to expect workers to be in the office for a proper period of time. Surely there will be a need for some (preferably short) meetings. Dealing with colleagues face-to-face creates a feeling of togetherness, allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their mutual needs.‎ Turning an office into a prison, with inmates (囚犯) allowed home for the evenings, does nothing for creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.‎ ‎12. Why does the author mention Ronald Reagan’s joke in Para. 1?‎ A. To encourage people to grasp the chance to work hard.‎ B. To show that hard work is harmless.‎ C. To introduce the topic of the passage.‎ D. To praise Ronald Reagan’s accomplished joking skills.‎ ‎13. What is the meaning of the underlined sentence?‎ A. Extra effort causes problems or difficulties.‎ B. With extra effort, we can defeat anybody.‎ C. We should say no to extra effort.‎ D. Extra effort isn’t necessarily helpful.‎ ‎14. According to the passage, which of the following situation is helpful to the company?‎ A. Your team has a ten-minute meeting after work for an urgent problem.‎ B. You don’t go home until 7:30 p.m. because your boss is in his office and he can see you.‎ C. The manager tours the engineering department at 7:30 p.m. to check people are at their desks.‎ D. You attend the office even when you suffer lower back pain.‎ ‎15 Which of the following opinions agrees with the passage?‎ A. Some managers expect workers tie themselves up with a chain to their desks.‎ B. Reduced productivity can mean greater medical expenses for the employer.‎ C. With growing demand of creativity on office workers, a prison-like office is not a wise option.‎ D. Presence of mind guarantees your productivity.‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. D 14. A 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了研究表明，每周工作约50小时后，员工的工作效率会大幅下降。文章指出出勤主义是现代办公室职员的祸根，不仅会降低生产率，还会增加雇主的医疗费用。随着对办公室职员的创造力需求的增长，像监狱一样的办公室不是一个明智的选择。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中Studies suggest that, after around 50 hours a week, employee productivity declines sharply.（研究表明，每周工作约50小时后，员工的工作效率会大幅下降。）可知作者在第1段中提到了罗纳德·里根的笑话是为了引入这篇文章的主题。故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据下文Studies suggest that, after around 50 hours a week, employee productivity declines sharply.（研究表明，每周工作约50小时后，员工的工作效率会大幅下降。）可知超过一定程度，额外的努力似乎不一定有用。故划线句子意思为“额外的努力不一定有用”，故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Surely there will be a need for some (preferably short) meetings. Dealing with colleagues face-to-face creates a feeling of togetherness, allows for a useful exchange of ideas and enables workers to have a better sense of their mutual needs.（当然，有必要召开一些(最好是简短的)会议。面对面地与同事打交道能产生一种团结的感觉，能进行有益的思想交流，能让员工更好地了解彼此的需求。）以及分析选项可知A选项“你的团队在下班后有一个十分钟的会议，讨论一个紧急的问题”对公司有帮助。故选A。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段Turning an office into a prison, with inmates allowed home for the evenings, does nothing for creativity that is increasingly demanded of office workers as routine tasks are automated. To be productive you need presence of mind, not being present in the flesh.（把办公室变成监狱，让犯人晚上回家，对办公室工作人员日益增长的创造力毫无帮助，因为日常工作已经自动化。要想富有成效，你需要镇定，而不是活在当下。）分析选项可知C选项“随着对办公室职员的创造力需求的增长，像监狱一样的办公室不是一个明智的选择”的观点与文章相符。故选C。‎ 第二节（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ What does Wi-Fi stand for?‎ Long gone are the days of dial-up and waiting for your turn to use the computer. It’s easier than ever to connect to the Internet in the digital world today. ___16___‎ Wi-Fi is a wireless network that uses radio frequency signals to connect to the Internet or send messages between devices without wires. Everything from your phone and laptop to tablets and printers can use Wi-Fi, thanks to these waves. ____17____ Two years later, a group of companies formed the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA, now the Wi-Fi Alliance), a global non-profit organization created to promote the new Wi-Fi standard.‎ None of that history explains what Wi-Fi stands for, because the phrase doesn’t stand for anything. Wi-Fi is a trademarked term describing the device or technology based on the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) wireless communication standard 802.11, according to the Wi-Fi Alliance.____18____ So the Wi-Fi Alliance hired the marketing company Interbrand to come up with a shorter name: Wi-Fi, according to one of the founding Alliance members.‎ ‎___19___ The rumor that it stands for “Wireless Fidelity (无线保证)” is thanks to the Alliance. Some members didn’t understand the branding or marketing for Wi-Fi. They felt consumers would want an explanation for the name. So the Alliance agreed to include a tagline: The Standard for Wireless Fidelity. That’s why so many people assume Wi-Fi stands for wireless fidelity, but the tagline came after the name.____20____ Don’t add to the confusion and stop miss-associating these phrases by learning the real meaning behind these acronyms (缩略词).‎ A. That’s a mouthful.‎ B. This is mostly thanks to Wi-Fi.‎ C. The name caused a misconception about Wi-Fi.‎ D. There is some debate surrounding the question what Wi-Fi stands for.‎ E. In 1997, a committee of industry leaders approved a common Wi-Fi standard.‎ F. Several years ago, a common standard of Wi-Fi was set up by several companies.‎ G. Plus, the Alliance removed the tag, although the confusion it brought still lives on today.‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了Wi-Fi的历史，Wi-Fi这个名字的由来以及就这个名字背后所代表的含义引发的一些争议。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文Long gone are the days of dial-up and waiting for your turn to use the computer. It’s easier than ever to connect to the Internet in the digital world today.（拨号和等待轮到你使用电脑的日子已经一去不复返了。在当今的数字世界，连接互联网比以往任何时候都容易。）以及下文Wi-Fi is a wireless network that uses radio frequency signals to connect to the Internet or send messages between devices without wires.（Wi-Fi是一种无线网络，它利用无线频率信号连接到互联网或在无线设备之间发送信息。）可知是在说明Wi-Fi带给人们的便利，连接互联网比以前更容易应归功于Wi-Fi。故B选项“这主要归功于Wi-Fi。”符合上下文语境，故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据下文Two years later, a group of companies formed the Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance (WECA, now the Wi-Fi Alliance), a global non-profit organization created to promote the new Wi-Fi standard.（两年后，一些公司成立了无线以太网兼容联盟(WECA，即现在的Wi-Fi联盟)，这是一个全球性的非盈利组织，旨在推广新的Wi-Fi标准。）可知本句为说明推出了新的通用的Wi-Fi标准。故E选项“1997年，一个行业领袖委员会批准了一个通用的Wi-Fi标准。”符合上下文语境，故选E。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据下文So the Wi-Fi Alliance hired the marketing company Interbrand to come up with a shorter name: Wi-Fi, according to one of the founding Alliance members.（因此，Wi-Fi联盟聘请了营销公司Interbrand，根据该联盟的一名创始成员的说法，他们想出了一个更简短的名字:Wi-Fi。）可知因为上文提出的名字过于拗口，因此Wi-Fi联盟想出了一个更简短的名字。故A选项“真拗口。”符合上下文语境。故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据下文The rumor that it stands for “Wireless Fidelity” is thanks to the Alliance. Some members didn’t understand the branding or marketing for Wi-Fi. They felt consumers would want an explanation for the name.（它代表“无线保真”谣言是由于联盟。一些会员不了解Wi-Fi 的品牌和营销。他们认为消费者会希望对这个名字有一个解释。）可推知对于Wi-Fi代表什么有一些不一致的意见，存在一些争议。故D选项“关于Wi-Fi代表什么有一些争论。”符合上下文语境。故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据下文Don’t add to the confusion and stop miss-associating these phrases by learning the real meaning behind these acronyms.（不要混淆，不要通过学习这些缩略词背后的真正含义来把这些短语联系起来。）可推知为了避免造成混乱，联盟去掉了tagline这个标签，但是混乱今天仍然存在。故G选项“此外，该联盟去掉了这个标签，尽管它带来的混乱今天仍然存在。”符合上下文语境。故选G。‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Dear teenage boy at the skate park,‎ You’re probably about 15 years old, so I don’t expect you to be very ____21____ to want a little girl on your skate ramp (溜冰坡道) for that matter.‎ What you don’t know is that my daughter has been wanting to skateboard for months. I actually had to ____22____ her that skateboarding wasn’t ____23____ for boys. So when we walked up to the skate park and saw that it was full of teenage boys who were smoking and ____24____, she immediately wanted to ____25____ and go home.‎ I ____26____ wanted to go too because I didn’t want to have to put on my mom ____27____ and exchange words with you. I also didn’t want my daughter to feel like she had to be ____28____ of anyone.‎ So when she said, “Mom it’s full of ____29____ boys,” I calmly said, “____30____, they don’t own the skate park.”She then went down the ramp in spite of you and your friends ____31____ past her.‎ She only had two or three runs in before you ____32____ her and said “Hey, excuse me …” I immediately prepared to deliver my “She’s ____33____ to use this park just as much as you guys” ____34____ when I heard you say, “Your ____35____ are wrong. Can I help you?”‎ You spent almost an hour with my daughter showing her how to ___36___, and you held her ‎ hand and helped her get up when she fell down.‎ I know you live nearby and I am proud that you are part of my ____37____, and I want to thank you for being ____38____ to my daughter, who left the skate park with a sense of ____39____ and with the confidence that she can do ____40____, because of you.‎ Jeanean Thomas, Cambridge ‎21. A. loyal B. naughty C. sincere D. considerate ‎22. A. warn B. remind C. convince D. inform ‎23. A. just B. even C. yet D. ever ‎24. A. inquiring B. swearing C. dancing D. negotiating ‎25. A. get along B. escape C. turn around D. compete ‎26. A. secretly B. exactly C. generally D. finally ‎27. A. identity B. voice C. status D. competence ‎28. A. guilty B. aware C. scared D. ashamed ‎29. A. skillful B. young C. quiet D. older ‎30. A. As usual B. For sure C. In fact D. So what ‎31. A. flying B. driving C. floating D. diving ‎32. A. impressed B. recognized C. approached D. encouraged ‎33. A. invited B. allowed C. delighted D. accustomed ‎34. A. speech B. excuse C. message D. comment ‎35. A. feet B. tools C. marks D. senses ‎36. A. react B. answer C. balance D. calculate ‎37. A. story B. memory C. family D. community ‎38. A. fair B. kind C. similar D. responsible ‎39. A. guilty B. pride C. sorrow D. humor ‎40. A. much B. benefit C. herself D. anything ‎【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. C 26. A 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. A 35. A 36. C 37. D 38. B 39. B 40. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了作者和女儿去公园玩滑板，从一开始看到公园里的男孩子抽烟骂脏话想走，到后来男孩主动帮助作者女儿玩滑板，作者写了这封信想表达自己对那个男孩的感谢。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你大概15岁左右，所以我不认为你会非常体贴地想要一个小女孩在你的溜冰坡道上。A. loyal忠诚的；B. naughty淘气的；C. sincere真诚的；D. considerate体贴的。结合语境作者推测滑板公园的男孩只有十几岁，还不懂得体贴他人，不会想要一个小女孩在自己的溜冰坡道上。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得说服她，滑板不只是男孩子玩的。A. warn警告；B. remind提醒；C. convince说服；D. inform通知。结合下文skateboarding wasn’t…for boys可知作者是在说服女儿滑板不只是男孩子玩的运动。故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我得说服她，滑板不只是男孩子玩的。A. just只是；B. even甚至；C. yet然而；D. ever曾经。结合后文 for boys可知作者说服女儿滑板不只是男孩子玩的运动。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当我们走到滑板公园，看到那里到处都是抽烟、骂骂咧咧的十几岁的男孩时，她立刻想转身回家。A. inquiring打听；B. swearing咒骂；C. dancing跳舞；D. negotiating谈判。结合上文teenage boys who were smoking and可知是在说明公园里男孩抽烟、骂脏话的不文明行为。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：所以当我们走到滑板公园，看到那里到处都是抽烟、骂骂咧咧的十几岁的男孩时，她立刻想转身回家。A. get along相处；B. escape逃跑；C. turn around转身；D. compete竞争。根据下文and go home可知作者女儿看到这些男孩的举动立刻想转身回家。故选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我也想偷偷地离开，因为我不想用我妈妈的声音和你说话。A. secretly秘密地；B. exactly精确地；C. generally通常；D. finally终于。结合下文作者继续鼓励女儿在公园玩耍可知作者并没有直接和女儿一样，表现出想离开的意图，只是在心里偷偷地想。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也想偷偷地离开，因为我不想用我妈妈的声音和你说话。A. identity身份；B. voice声音；C. status地位；D. competence能力。根据下文exchange words with you可知是用一种妈妈的声音说话，故选B。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也不想让我的女儿觉得她必须害怕任何人。A. guilty内疚的；B. aware意识到的；C. scared害怕的；D. ashamed羞耻的。结合上文女儿看到男孩的举动想回家可知，女儿感到害怕。故选C。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以当她说，“妈妈，里面全是大男孩”。A. skillful熟练的；B. young年轻的；C. quiet安静的；D. older年长的。结合上文可知男孩十几岁了，比作者的女儿大，故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查短语辨析。句意：我平静地说，“那又怎样，滑板公园又不是他们的。”A. As usual像往常一样；B. For sure确实；C. In fact实际上；D. So what那又怎样。结合下文they don’t own the skate park可知作者告诉女儿不用在乎他们大不大，故D选项符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后她不顾你和你的朋友从她身边飞过，走下斜坡。A. flying飞；B. driving驾驶；C. floating漂浮；D. diving潜水。滑板速度很快，因此在坡道上就像在飞一样，故此处指男孩和朋友从作者女儿身边飞过。故选A。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她只跑了两三圈，你就走过来对她说“嘿，打扰一下……”。A. impressed印象深刻的；B. recognized辨认；C. approached接近；走近；D. encouraged鼓励。结合下文and said “Hey, excuse me …”可知是接近女儿说道。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我马上准备发表我的“她和你们一样可以使用这个公园”的演讲。A. invited邀请；B. allowed允许；C. delighted高兴；D. accustomed习惯于。根据下文to use this park just as much as you guys可知作者想说自己的女儿和这些男孩一样可以使用这个公园。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我马上准备发表我的“她和你们一样可以使用这个公园”的演讲。A. speech演讲；B. excuse借口；C. message信息；D. comment评价。根据上文deliver my “She’s allowed to use this park just as much as you guys”可知作者想要发表自己的“她和你们一样可以使用这个公园”的演讲。短语deliver speech“发表演讲”。故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你的步子是错的。我能帮你吗?”A. feet脚步；B. tools工具；C. marks标记；D. senses感觉。根据上文可知他们是在玩滑板需要用到脚，故可推测此处指的是脚步，故选A。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你花了将近一个小时教我女儿如何保持平衡，当她摔倒时，你拉着她的手帮助她站起来。A. react反应；B. answer回答；C. balance平衡；D. calculate计算。根据下文you held her hand and helped her get up when she fell down可知在教女儿掌握平衡。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我知道你住在附近，我为你是我社区的一员而感到骄傲。A. story故事；B. memory记忆；C. family家庭；D. community社区。根据上文I know you live nearby可知是社区一员。故选D。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想感谢你对我女儿的好，她带着一种自豪感和自信离开了滑板公园。A. fair公平的；B. kind亲切的；C. similar相似的；D. responsible负责的。结合上文男孩教女儿掌握平衡等等可知男孩对女孩很好很亲切。故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我想感谢你对我女儿的好，她带着一种自豪感和自信离开了滑板公园。A. guilty内疚；B. pride骄傲；C. sorrow悲伤；D. humor幽默。根据下文and with the confidence可知是带着一种自豪感和自信离开了滑板公园。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查代词辨析。句意：因为你，她有了一种她可以做任何事情的自信。A. much多；B. benefit利益；C. herself她自己；D. anything任何事。结合上文with the confidence that she can do可是女儿有了一种她可以做任何事情的自信。故选D。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ China is considered the home of tea. Chinese tea had begun to be exported to Japan and Korea before the Tang Dynasty (618-907). In the early period of the 17th century, Chinese tea ____41____ (export) to Europe. The tea from China is in great abundance and variety. To tell if a pot of tea is nice you can mainly rely ____42____ the color, smell, taste and form.‎ One of China’s six famous tea types is white tea, ____43____ gets its name from its silver-white color. It ____44____ (be) mainly grown and produced in Fujian and Taiwan provinces with a long history, dating back to Northern Song Dynasty (960-1127) in ancient China. Compared with other major types of tea, it distinguishes itself by ____45____ (it) refreshingly sweet taste and beautiful silver-needle-like shape, thus ___46___ (enjoy) great popularity among tea ____47____ (drink). In addition, the longer it is preserved, the better health-building effects it has. ____48____ (amazing), it has been proved that if drunk regularly, white tea will greatly benefit people’s physical and mental health. This is because it can not only protect people from being ____49____ (strike) by some common diseases, ____50____ also can effectively relieve symptoms.‎ ‎【答案】41. was exported 42. on 43. which 44. is 45. its 46. enjoying 47. drinkers 48. Amazingly 49. struck/stricken 50. but ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的茶历史，以及中国六大名茶之一的白茶和白茶有益健康。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词时态语态。句意：17世纪初期，中国的茶叶出口到欧洲。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动，且根据上文In the early period of the 17th century可知应用一般过去时，主语为tea，故填was exported。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查固定短语。句意：要判断一壶茶好不好，主要看它的色、香、味、形。固定短语rely on“依赖；依靠”，故填on。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查定语从句关 系词。句意：中国六大名茶之一的白茶，因其银白色而得名。本句为定语从句修饰先行词white tea，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which。‎ ‎44题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意: 它主要生长在福建和台湾地区，历史悠久，可以追溯到中国古代北宋(960-1127)。根据下文grown and produced可知为被动语态，且描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为it，故填is。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：与其他主要品种的茶叶相比，它的特点是清甜可口，形状像银针，深受饮茶者的喜爱。此处修饰名词短语sweet taste应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。本句中两个句子的主语为同一主语故可用 thus / thereby ＋ -ing （现在分词）引导短语，作结果状语，前面句子表示原因，后面的分词短语表示是结果。故填enjoying。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。句意同上。结合句意可知表示“饮茶者”应用drinker。且drinker为可数名词，此处数量大于一应用复数形式。故填drinkers。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：令人惊讶的是，事实证明，经常喝白茶对人的身心健康大有裨益。修饰下文整个句子应用副词，故填Amazingly。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：这是因为它不仅可以保护人们免受一些常见疾病的侵袭，还可以有效缓解症状。strike在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语people构成被动，且结合上文from being可知为being done结构，故填struck/stricken。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查固定句式。句意同上。固定句式not only…but also…“不仅……而且……”，故填but。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)‎ ‎(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主 语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)‎ ‎(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)‎ 如第三小题，句意：中国六大名茶之一的白茶，因其银白色而得名。本句为定语从句修饰先行词white tea，且先行词在从句中做主语，指物，故填which。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节；满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用(＼)划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Nowadays, many middle school students are taking all kinds of after-school class. There are two opinions about it. Some think that students can get good exam results and go to better schools if they took these classes. They also believe that students can avoid to watching too much TV or playing computer games by taking more after-school classes. But other think students need more time to rest. If they take too much classes, they might feel stressed-out. Besides, putting too much pressure on them can have the opposite effect. As for me, I don’t think take extra classes is necessary. How we learn in class is enough. We can improve our efficient in class and learn to teach ourselves instead relying on extra lessons.‎ ‎【答案】1. class → classes ‎2. good→ better ‎3. took→ take ‎4.去掉avoid 后的to ‎5.other → others ‎6.much→ many ‎7. take → taking ‎8. How→ What ‎9.efficient → efficiency ‎10.instead 后加of ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。作者主要说明了中学生参加课外班的不同看法，以及自己的观点。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查名词的数。句意：现在，许多中学生参加各种各样的课外班。class为可数名词，由all kinds of修饰应用复数形式，故class改为classes。‎ ‎2.考查形容词比较级。句意：一些人认为，学生可以得到更好的考试成绩，去更好的学校，如果他们参加这些课程。结合后文and go to better schools可知此处应用形容词比较级，故good改为better。‎ ‎3.考查动词时态。句意同上。根据上文Some think可知应用一般现在时，故took改为take。‎ ‎4.考查固定短语。句意：他们还认为，学生可以通过参加课外班来避免看太多电视或玩电脑游戏。固定短语avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，故去掉avoid后的to。‎ ‎5.考查代词。句意：但其他人认为学生需要更多的时间休息。短语some…others…“一些人……其他人”，此处应用others“其他人”做主语，故other改为others。‎ ‎6.考查形容词。句意：如果他们上太多的课，他们可能会感到压力很大。class为可数名词需要many修饰，故much改为many。‎ ‎7.考查非谓语动词。句意：至于我，我认为没有必要上额外的课。此处为动名词短语做宾语，故take改为taking。‎ ‎8.考查连词。句意：我们在课堂上学到的就足够了。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指“课堂上学到的”，故How改为What。‎ ‎9.考查名词。句意：我们可以提高我们课堂效率，学会自学，而不是依靠额外的课程。此处our为形容词性物主代词修饰名词，故efficient改为efficiency。‎ ‎10.考查固定短语。句意同上。固定短语instead of“而不是”，故instead后加of。‎ ‎【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。‎ 如第八小题，句意：我们在课堂上学到的就足够了。本句为主语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指“课堂上学到的”，故How改为What。‎ 第二节 书面表达 (共1小题；满分25分)‎ ‎52.假定你是李华。你所在班级的交换生Peter正在进行一项关于垃圾分类的研究。他给你来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况，请给Peter回一份邮件，告诉他相关信息，邮件内容包括：‎ ‎1. 写邮件的目的；‎ ‎2. 垃圾分类的实施情况；‎ ‎3. 你对垃圾分类的看法。‎ 注意：1. 电子邮件的格式已为你写好，不计入总词数;‎ ‎2. 词数：100左右。‎ 垃圾分类：garbage classification Dear Peter,‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ How is everything going? In your last letter, you asked me about garbage classification in my community, so I’m writing to tell you some details about it.‎ The garbage classification activity was launched in our community last month. People are required to sort household garbage into four categories, each of which is supposed to be thrown into certain bins at certain times. Individuals who fail to do so will be fined. Although people were confused with the demanding garbage classification at the beginning, they are much better at sorting garbage now with the help of a special App. To make the garbage classification easier to achieve, more and more restaurants in our community are using environmentally friendly ‎ materials to deliver their food. The hotels in the neighbourhood also give priority to offering products made from recyclable materials.‎ Personally, I’m in full support of garbage classification because it contributes to arousing people’s awareness of protecting the environment. Hopefully my information is of help to you.‎ Best wishes!‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知, 本篇为一封电子邮件；假定你是李华。你所在班级的交换生Peter正在进行一项关于垃圾分类的研究。他给你来信询问你们社区垃圾分类的实施情况，请给Peter回一份邮件，告诉他相关信息，邮件内容包括：1. 写邮件的目的；2. 垃圾分类的实施情况；3. 你对垃圾分类的看法。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求, 确定关键词（组）, 如：garbage classification（垃圾分类）；be launched in（启动）；sort（分类）；be supposed to（应该）；be confused with（困惑）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。‎ 第4步：连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如People are required to sort household garbage into four categories, each of which is supposed to be thrown into certain bins at certain times.运用了定语从句；Although people were confused with the demanding garbage classification at the beginning, they are much better at sorting garbage now with the help of a special App.运用了让步状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明, 上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。‎