【英语】西藏拉萨中学2020届高三上学期第二次月考试题（解析版） 21页

西藏拉萨中学2020届高三上学期第二次月考英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Notre-Dame de Paris, a cathedral church in Paris, is the most famous of the Gothic cathedrals of the Middle Ages. For the French, it represents something immortal, ever-present and unchanging, like a mountain. Built over almost two centuries, the Notre-Dame is, as President Emmanuel Macron said, “where the French lived all their great moments”. Soldiers prayed here before leaving for the Crusades; Napoleon Bonaparte was crowned here; it survived the French Revolution, two World Wars and the Nazi occupation. It is where men bend their knees to profess love and thousands of tourists take photos every day.‎ A fire, whose cause was not identified yet, engulfed (吞没), on April 15th, the cathedral's upper structure. More than 400 firefighters took part in the 15-hour battle to control the blaze (火苗) that triggered sorrow over the globe. The extent of the damage is still unknown, but the fire destroyed much of the gothic cathedral’s wood-timbered roof and spire (塔尖). The cathedral will certainly be restored (the French government promises), but the sight of flames bringing down the spire moved the world in a manner far exceeding its religious significance.‎ French Culture Minister Franck Riester on Thursday said the government would draw all the consequences from the huge flames that destroyed the centuries-old Notre Dame Cathedral, adding measures to protect the national heritage were on the table. “Staff from the fire department, the culture ministry and the city town hall rushed to the Cathedral, when the fire started, to protect the main artworks that were inside. The artworks, which include relics such as the Christ's crown of thorns and French king Saint-Louis's 13th century tunic, were first moved to the city town hall and will now be transferred to the nearby Louvre Museum.” the minister told Le Parisian newspaper in an interview without giving details on the possible measures.‎ ‎1. What can we learn about the Notre-Dame de Paris?‎ A. It is the most well-known cathedral. B. Most of the French think little of it.‎ C. It was built by Napoleon Bonaparte. D. It’s still in existence after two World Wars.‎ ‎2. What is true about the Cathedral in the accident?‎ A. Only the spire was brought down by the flames.‎ B. It was completely burnt in the fire.‎ C. The gilded crown of thorns in it was gone forever.‎ D. The cause of the accident to the Cathedral was still unknown.‎ ‎3. According to Franck Riester, what has already done by the government?‎ A. Rebuild the cathedral.‎ B. Rescue the artworks inside the cathedral.‎ C. Transfer the relics to the nearby Louvre Museum.‎ D. Release the cause of the fire to the public.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。巴黎圣母院是巴黎的一座大教堂，是中世纪最著名的哥特式教堂。但在‎2019年4月15日，一场尚未查明原因的大火吞没了大教堂的上部结构。400名消防员参加了长达15个小时的灭火战斗，损坏的程度还不清楚，但大火烧毁了这座哥特式大教堂的大部分木质屋顶和塔尖。这场火灾引发了全球的悲痛。但法国政府也努力抢救出了圣母院中的一些艺术品。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中Soldiers prayed here before leaving for the Crusades; Napoleon Bonaparte was crowned here; it survived the French Revolution, two World Wars and the Nazi occupation.可知，士兵们在离开这里参加十字军东征之前在这里祈祷；拿破仑·波拿巴在这里加冕；它在法国大革命、两次世界大战和纳粹占领下幸存下来。由此可知，巴黎圣母院在两次世界大战之后仍然存在。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句A fire, whose cause was not identified yet, engulfed, on April 15th, the cathedral's upper structure.可知，‎4月15日，一场火灾吞没了大教堂的上部结构，火灾的起因尚不清楚。由此可知，大教堂的事故原因仍不清楚。故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中The artworks, which include relics such as the Christ's crown of thorns and French king Saint-Louis's 13th century tunic, were first moved to the city town hall ‎ and will now be transferred to the nearby Louvre Museum.可知这些艺术品包括基督荆棘王冠和法国国王圣路易斯13世纪的束腰外衣等文物，最初被转移到市政厅，现在将转移到附近的卢浮宫博物馆。由此可知，根据Franck Riester的说法，政府已经抢救了大教堂内的艺术品。故选B。‎ B Sandra Cisneros was born in Chicago in 1954 to a Mexican American family. As the only girl in a family of seven children, she often felt like she had “seven fathers,” because her six brothers, as well as her father, tried to control her. Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated (躲避) into books. Despite her love of reading, she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate.‎ In high school, with the encouragement of one particular teacher, Cisneros improved her grades and worked for the school literary magazine. Her father encouraged her to go to college because he thought it would be a good way for her to find a husband. Cisneros did attend college, but instead of searching for a husband, she found a teacher who helped her join the famous graduate writing program at the University of Iowa. At the university’s Writers’ Workshop, however, she felt lonely — a Mexican American from a poor neighborhood among students from wealthy families. The feeling of being so different helped Cisneros find her “creative voice”.‎ ‎“It was not until this moment when I considered myself truly different that my writing acquired a voice. I knew I was a Mexican woman, but I didn’t think it had anything to do with why I felt so much imbalance in my life, but it had everything to do with it! That’s when I decided I would write about something my classmates couldn’t write about.”‎ Cisneros published her first work, The House on Mango Street, when she was twenty-nine. The book talks about a young Mexican American girl growing up in a Spanish-speaking area in Chicago, much like the neighborhoods in which Cisneros lived as a child. The book won an award in 1985 and has been used in classes from high school to graduate school level. Since then, Cisneros has published several books of poetry, a children’s book and a short-story collection.‎ ‎4. What can we know about Cisneros in her childhood?‎ A. Her brothers disliked her.‎ B. She felt herself a nobody.‎ C. She was too shy to go to school.‎ D. She did not meet any good teachers.‎ ‎5. The graduate program gave Cisneros a chance to ________.‎ A. run away from her family B. develop her writing style C. make a lot of friends D. search for a husband ‎6. According to Cisneros, what was the key factor in her success?‎ A. Her childhood experience.‎ B. Her training in the Workshop.‎ C. Her feeling of being different.‎ D. Her early years in college.‎ ‎7. What do we learn about The House on Mango Street?‎ A. It enjoys great popularity among students.‎ B. It is a book of poetry written by Cisneros.‎ C. It wasn’t a success as it was written in Spanish.‎ D. It won an award when Cisneros was twenty-nine.‎ ‎【答案】4. B 5. B 6. C 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章作者为我们讲述了一个害羞的小女孩是如何成长为一位知名作家的故事，作者着重说明了她独特写作风格形成的原因。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中的Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated (躲避) into books.可知，她感到害羞和不重要，就躲进了书堆里。由此可知，B选项的描述“她觉得自己是个无名小卒”符合文意。故选B。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中的The feeling of being so different helped Cisneros find her “creative voice”.可知，这种与众不同的感觉帮助西斯内罗斯找到了她的“创造性声音”。由此推断出，研究生课程给了Cisneros一个发展写作风格的机会。故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was not until this moment when I considered myself truly different that my writing acquired a voice.可知，直到这一刻，当我认为自己真的与众不同时，我的写作才有了声音。由此可知，根据Cisneros 的说法，她成功的关键因素是她与众不同的感觉。故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的The book won an award in 1985 and has been used in classes from high school to graduate school level.可知，这本书在1985年获得了一个奖项，从高中到研究生阶段都在使用。由此推断出，The House on Mango Street在学生中很受欢迎。故选A。‎ C Recently, a scientist did some experiments. He left a group of 4-year-olds in a room with a bell and a candy. If they rang the bell, he would come back and they could eat the candy. If, however, they didn’t ring the bell and waited for him to come back on his own, they could then have two candies.‎ In the videos of the experiments, he can see the children hiding their eyes, trying to exercise self-control so they can wait and get two candies. The results are different. Some broke down and rang the bell within a minute. Others lasted 15 minutes.‎ The children who waited longer went on to get higher academic scores. They got into better colleges and had better adult success. The children who rang the bell quickest were more likely to have received worse teacher and parental evaluations (评价) 10 years later and were more likely to have drug problems at age 32.‎ The experiments are worth noting because people spend a lot of time thinking about how to improve education, and how to become rich. But when the result is not good, they will come back to ask “How do we get people to get the sort of self-control that leads to success?” This is to enter the world of human nature.‎ So these experiments, along with everyday experience, tell us that self-control is most important. Young people who can sit through sometimes boring classes to get a degree can work hard in order to learn a language well. They can avoid drugs and alcohol. For people without self-control skills, however, school is a series of failed and painful experience. No wonder they drop out and their later life is a group of foolish ideas, such as drug use, stealing and so on.‎ ‎8. The scientist did some experiments to ________.‎ A. find good ways of training children to learn B. show that children’s education is important C. test children’s self-control and later success D. test children’s intelligence of ringing the bell ‎9. What do the underlined words “broke down” probably mean?‎ A. failed to wait. B. kept waiting.‎ C. hid the candy. D. ate the candy.‎ ‎10. How long did the scientist’s experiments last according to the text?‎ A. Just 15 minutes. B. Within 10 years.‎ C. Less than 14 years. D. About 28 years.‎ ‎11. What will the children without self-control do at school according to the text?‎ A. They will improve their education.‎ B. They will suffer a lot from boring lessons.‎ C. They will become very rich and successful.‎ D. They will work hard to catch up with others.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B ‎【分析】‎ 本文属于说明文，讲述了自控力和未来成功的关系，实验表明自控力强的人以后成功的机会更大。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。由第三段“The children who waited longer went on to get higher SAT scores. They got into better colleges and had better adult success.”可知，等待的时间越长的孩子SAT分数越高，长大后会进入更好的大学，获得更好的成功，故可知实验的目的在于探索孩子自律和成功之间的关系，故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段The results are different. Some broke down and rang the bell within a minute. Others lasted 15 minutes.可知，结果是不一样的，有些孩子在一分钟内摇响铃声，而另外一些孩子坚持了15分钟，故可知对两类孩子进行了对比，故可以推出break down为崩溃，无法再坚持，故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一段He left a group of 4-year-olds in a room with a bell and a candy.以及第三段“The children who rang the bell quickest were more likely to have received worse teacher and parental evaluations(评价)10 years later and were more likely to have drug problems at age ‎ 32.”可知，开始做实验是孩子4岁的时候，最后与32岁的时候结束，故可知，实验持续了28年，故选D项。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段“For people without self-control skills, however, school is a series of failed ordeals(煎熬).”可推知，缺乏自律的孩子，学业对于他们来说就是连续的煎熬，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题 词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to，be called或that’s to say，such as等。②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly,the same as,but,however,while,on the other hand,since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。比如小题2，根据第二段The results are different. Some broke down and rang the bell within a minute. Others lasted 15 minutes.可知，结果是不一样的，有些孩子在一分钟内摇响铃声，而另外一些孩子坚持了15分钟，故可知对两类孩子进行了对比，故可以推出break down为崩溃，无法再坚持，故选A。‎ D If you have never ever heard of pawpaw，you are not alone. Most Americans do not know of the fruit，although it is native to the United States. Once，however，it was one of the most popular fruits in North America. Happily，those who love the pawpaw are trying to return it to its former position in American foods.‎ The pawpaw is a kind of fruit that grows on trees found all over the eastern United States. It is similar in size to a typical mango. It has a dull green-colored skin，and a soft，almost creamy orange inside. Most people agree that the pawpaw tastes like a combination of bananas，apricots （杏）and mangos. Most people are very surprised by its sweet taste. The fruit has a very short harvest season，from two to three weeks in September and October.‎ The pawpaw has never been sold commercially. The fruit requires a very special environment-low，wet areas that sometimes flood. In addition，the fruit is good to eat for only two to three days after harvesting. This makes it hard to sell anywhere distant from the pawpaw trees.‎ Planters are again growing pawpaw trees and harvesting the fruit. In several states farmers have organized “pawpaw festivals” to reintroduce the food to people.‎ Farmers are trying to grow different kinds of paw paws that will be easier to ship and sell commercially. Donna and Jim Davis are pawpaw farmers in Westminster，Maryland. They told National Public Radio that they purchased their pawpaw trees in the 1990s and now sell the fruit at farmer markets and online.‎ So, who knows? Maybe the pawpaw will show up soon at a market near you.‎ ‎12. What is the pawpaw's most outstanding nature?‎ A. It grows on trees all over the US.‎ B. Its sour taste is like an apricot.‎ C. It looks like a combination of bananas and mangos.‎ D. It is very rich in sugar.‎ ‎13. Why is it difficult for the pawpaw to become a big business?‎ A. It has to be sold far from the pawpaw tree.‎ B. It is difficult to harvest in the low and wet areas.‎ C. It is hard to keep its freshness for long.‎ D. It needs expensive transportation to the market.‎ ‎14. What do farmers do to deal with the disadvantage of paw paws?‎ A. They advertise on National Public Radio.‎ B. They plant improved pawpaw trees.‎ C. They organize pawpaw festivals.‎ D. They sell the fruit at farmer markets.‎ ‎15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A. A forgotten American fruit is becoming popular again.‎ B. Fruit of pawpaw plays an important part in America.‎ C. Most people have hardly eaten fresh paw paws.‎ D. A traditional fruit has changed people's diet.‎ ‎【答案】12. D 13. C 14. B 15. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一种水果——木瓜。它是一种被遗忘的再次流行起来的美国水果。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段中Most people are very surprised by its sweet taste.可知，木瓜最突出的特性是“它含糖量很高。”故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中the fruit is good to eat for only two to three days after harvesting. This makes it hard to sell anywhere distant from the pawpaw trees. “这种水果在收获后的两到三天就可以吃了。这使得它很难卖到离木瓜树很远的地方。”可知，木瓜之所以很难成为一个大企业，是因为长时间保持新鲜是很难的。故选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段第一句Farmers are trying to grow different kinds of paw paws that will be easier to ship and sell commercially.“农民们正在尝试种植不同种类的木瓜，以便于运输和商业销售。”可知，农民通过他们种植改良的木瓜树来处理木瓜的缺点。故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段中If you have never ever heard of pawpaw，you are not alone. Most Americans do not know of the fruit，although it is native to the United States. Once，however，it was one of the most popular fruits in North America.“如果你从来没有听说过木瓜,你并不孤单。大多数美国人都不知道这种水果,虽然它原产于美国。然而,曾经它是北美最受欢迎的水果之一。”可知，本文主题是“一种被遗忘的美国水果再次流行起来。”故选A。‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Anyone who has children has likely heard "I'm bored!" too many times. When you're on a budget, it can be tough to think of ways to entertain the family that don't cost a lot of money. ___16___‎ Head to the library, and not just check out books. Look at the library's community events calendar. Most libraries have everything from story times for children to game nights for teens. ‎ ‎___17___‎ Camp in a national forest or build a sandcastle. A lot of the sites are free to use, though they do lack facilities. ___18___ If there's no beach nearby, do the same in the sandbox at a playground.‎ ‎___19___ Most cities have at least one local community center. There, you can pick up a park and recreation schedule, with information on free events taking place throughout the year, such as hikes, holiday parties, art festivals, outdoor movies and concerts in the park.‎ Tour the fire station. Most fire fighters will give you and your kids a free tour, as long as you call and schedule ahead of time. ___20___ For safety reasons, fire stations do not generally accommodate children under the age of four.‎ Check out a state park. Stop by the ranger station and ask about free programmes for kids, such as nature walks and hands-on science classes. Some parks have junior ranger badges(徽章)children can earn by completing conservation related activities. ‎ A. Visit the local community center.‎ B. Go to the beach and build a sandcastle.‎ C. The time when children visit is very important.‎ D. Spend more time finding much free information.‎ E. Kids can learn about fire safety and tour the facilities.‎ F. Many libraries also have enrichment classes offered free of charge.‎ G. Fortunately, there are many options available to you if you know where to look.‎ ‎【答案】16. G 17. F 18. B 19. A 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文主要向读者介绍几种经济的家庭娱乐的方法。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 由“ When you're on a budget, it can be tough to think of ways to entertain the family that don't cost a lot of money.”可知，当你在精打细算的时候，很难想出不花很多钱就能让家人开心的方法以及下文的小标题。所以小题1是一个承上启下的过渡句来引出下面几个标题。故G选项“幸运的是，如果你知道去哪里找，这里有很多选择可供参考”。符合句意。故G选项切题。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 由“ Most libraries have everything from story times for children to game nights for teens”可知，大多数图书馆都有各种各样的活动，从为孩子准备的讲故事时段到青少年的游戏之夜。所以想小题2与上一句一同来说明讲图书馆里的活动。故F选项“许多图书馆还免费提供丰富的课程。”符合句意。故F选项切题。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 由“ If there's no beach nearby, do the same in the sandbox at a playground.”可知，如果附近没有海滩，在操场的沙箱里也要这样做。所以本句是对小题3的假设。故B选项“去海滩建一座沙堡”符合句意。故B选项切题。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 由“Most cities have at least one local community center. There, you can pick up a park and recreation schedule, with information on free events taking place throughout the year, such as hikes, holiday parties, art festivals, outdoor movies and concerts in the park.”可知，大多数城市至少有一个社区中心。在那里，你可以找到一个公园和娱乐时间表，上面有全年免费活动的信息，比如远足、假日派对、艺术节、户外电影和公园里的音乐会。所以本段主要在说明参观当地的社区中心是家庭娱乐的好去处也就是本段的标题小题4所要说明的内容。故A选项切题。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 由标题“Tour the fire station”可知，参观消防站。所以本段主要在说明怎么样才能获准参观，参观的内容，以及对于孩子年龄的限制。所以小题5要说明参观的内容。故E选项“孩子们可以学习消防安全知识和参观各种消防设施”符合句意。故E选项切题。‎ 第二部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Holding on regret is like dragging (拖) the weight of the past with us everywhere we go. It consumes our ____21____, leaving less available for life in the present ____22____ we are constantly feeding an old issue. This attachment can ____23____illness the same way watering a dead plant creates decay (腐烂).We know that ____24____ new and beautiful can grow in its place if we only prepare the soil and plant the right seeds. We also know that we create our lives from our ____25____, so focusing on the past may actually recreate a situation in our lives where ‎ we are ____26____ to make the choice again and again. We can choose to move ____27____right now by applying what we have learned to the present and perhaps even sharing with others, ____28____ the energy into something that is constructive and creative for ourselves and others.‎ Forgiveness can heal ____29____. In meditation (冥想), we can ______30______discussing the issue with the self of our past and ______31______our forgiveness for the choice. ______32______, we can ask for ourselves' forgiveness for keeping them locked in that space of judgment for so long. We may also want to ask for ______33______from anyone else who may have been ______34______and perhaps offer our forgiveness. By replaying the event in our ______35______, we can choose a new ending using all that we now know. Imagine that you have actually gone back into the ______36______ and made this change, and then say goodbye to it. ______37______your former self with a hug and bring the forgiveness and love back with you to the present. Since we are usually hard on ourselves, it is amazing how ______38______ healing it can be to offer ourselves love.‎ Keeping our minds and our energy fully in the present allows us to fuel our ______39______ and emotional well-being today. This action frees our energy to create the dreams we dream for the future. By ______40______responsibility and action in the present, we can let go of the past.‎ ‎21. A. resource B. fuel C. time D. energy ‎22. A. because B. after C. until D. although ‎23. A. develop B. cause C. cure D. treat ‎24. A. anything B. everything C. something D. nothing ‎25. A. thoughts B. performance C. affection D. goals ‎26. A. instructed B. reminded C. forced D. warned ‎27. A. on B. away C. up D. down ‎28. A. persuading B. transforming C. pushing D. tricking ‎29. A. pain B. anxiety C. anger D. regret ‎30. A. enjoy B. understand C. imagine D. finish ‎31. A. begging B. offering C. burying D. attaining ‎32. A. In all B. In fact C. In case D. In return ‎33. A. willingness B. forgiveness C. happiness D. gentleness ‎34. A. teased B. greeted C. forgotten D. affected ‎35. A. hands B. bodies C. minds D. hearts ‎36. A. future B. present C. beginning D. past ‎37. A. Release B. Exchange C. Supply D. Share ‎38. A. useless B. bitter C. powerful D. slow ‎39. A. physical B. facial C. sound D. poor ‎40. A. possessing B. taking C. denying D. displaying ‎【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 36. D 37. A 38. C 39. A 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。很多人对过去念念不忘，生活在后悔之中。本文谈到了一些忘记过去、告别过去从而面向未来的方法。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它耗尽了我们的精力，让我们现在的生活变得很纠结，因为我们一直在关注这个已经发生过的事情。A. resource资源；B. fuel燃料；C. time时间；D. energy精力。根据第28空后的the energy以及最后一段中的This action frees our energy to create the dreams we dream for the future.可知，此处指的是“精力”。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：它耗尽了我们的精力，让我们现在的生活变得很纠结，因为我们一直在关注这个已经发生过的事情。A. because因为；B. after在……之后；C. until直到；D. although尽管。分析空处前后两部分的关系可知，此处引导原因状语从句。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这种纠缠会导致疾病，就像浇灌死植物会导致腐烂一样。A. develop发展；B. cause引起；C. cure治愈；D. treat对待。根据下文中的the same way watering a dead plant creates decay (腐烂)可知，沉溺于过去会引起疾病。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查代词词义辨析。句意：但是如果我们只准备好土壤，然后种下合适的种子，这个地方就会长出一些新的、美丽的东西。A. anything任何事情；B. everything每件事情；C. something一些事情；D. nothing 没有什么。根据上一句可知，给死去的植物浇水，只会导致植物的腐烂；但是如果我们只准备好土壤，然后种下合适的种子，这个地方就会长出一些新的、美丽的东西。故选C。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道，我们的生活源于我们的思想，因此，沉溺于过去，总是生活在后悔之中，就会被迫不断做出选择。A. thoughts思想；B. performance表现；C. affection喜爱；D. goals目标。此题根据全文来确定，本文谈的就是不要总是忘不了过去，要着眼于现在和将来，可见其谈的就是“思想”。故选A。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们都知道，我们的生活源于我们的思想，因此，沉溺于过去，总是生活在后悔之中，就会被迫不断做出选择。A. instructed指导；B. reminded使想起；C. forced迫使；D. warned警告。由于忘不了过去，总是生活在后悔之中，就会被迫不断做出选择。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查介词辨析。句意：我们可以选择立刻继续前进，通过把学到的东西运用到现在，甚至与他人分享，把精力转化为对我们自己和他人都有建设性和创造性的东西。A. on在……上；B. away离开；C. up向上；D. down向下。作者在说明不要被后悔的事情所累，活在当下甩掉包袱，move on“继续前行”。故选A。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以选择立刻继续前进，通过把学到的东西运用到现在，甚至与他人分享，把精力转化为对我们自己和他人都有建设性和创造性的东西。A. persuading说服；B. transforming转换；C. pushing推；D. tricking哄骗。把精力应该都用在转变成对自己对他人都有建设性和创造性的东西，而不是一味地悔恨过去。transform...into...“把……转变成……”符合句意。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：宽恕是能抚慰悔恨的药膏。A. pain疼痛；B. anxiety焦虑；C. anger愤怒；D. regret悔恨。由首段第一句中的Holding on regret可知，宽恕是能抚慰悔恨的药膏。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在冥想中，想象着与过去的自己交谈，然后对于过去的选择，主动原谅过去的自己。A. enjoy享受；B. understand理解；C. imagine想象；D. finish 完成。根据空前的In meditation (冥想)可知，imagine“想象”符合句意。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在冥想中，想象着与过去的自己交谈，然后对于过去的选择，主动原谅过去的自己。A. begging乞求；B. offering提供；C. burying埋葬；D. attaining达到。根据32空后的ask for ourselves' forgiveness可知，想象着与过去的自己交谈，然后对于过去的选择，主动原谅过去的自己。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查介词短语辨析。句意：作为回报，我们可以请求自己的原谅，因为我们把它们长时间地锁在那个评判的空间里。A. In all总共；B. In fact事实上；C. In case万一；D. In return作为（某事物的）报酬。根据语境可知，这是原谅自己的一种回报。故选D。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们也可能想从其他人那里寻求原谅。我们请求别人的原谅，可能是做了对不起别人的事情，让别人受到了影响。A. willingness愿意；B. forgiveness原谅；C. happiness幸福；D. gentleness温柔。由上文ourselves' forgiveness可知，本句从请求自己原谅自己，又转向了请求别人的原谅。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们也可能想从其他人那里寻求原谅。我们请求别人的原谅，可能是做了对不起别人的事情，让别人受到了影响。A. teased取笑；B. greeted 问候；C. forgotten忘记；D. affected影响。根据常识可知，做了对不起别人的事情，别人一定会受到影响。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过在脑海中回放事件，我们可以用我们现在所知道的一切来选择一个新的结局。A. hands手；B. bodies身体；C. minds头脑；D. hearts心脏。in one's mind“在某人的脑海里”符合句意。故选C。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：想象一下，你真的回到了过去，做出了这个改变，然后和它说再见。A. future将来；B. present现在；C. beginning开始；D. past过去。由gone back可知，past符合句句意。故选D。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：用一个拥抱解放以前的自己，把原谅和爱带给现在的自己。‎ A. Release释放；B. Exchange交换；C. Supply提供；D. Share分享。由bring the forgiveness and love back with you to the present可知，把原谅和爱带给现在的自己。所以要释放以前的自己，才能把原谅和爱带给现在的自己。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为我们经常对自己严厉，所以当我们忘却过去，我们会惊奇地发现爱自己会是一种多么强大的自然疗法。A. useless无用的；B. bitter苦的；C. powerful有力量的；D. slow慢慢的。通过忘却过去前的自己与忘却过去后的自己的对比，才恍然发现爱自己会是一种多么强大的自然疗法。故选C。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：把我们的思想和精力充分地放在当下，它能够是我们身心更加健康。A. physical身体的；B. facial面部的；C. sound健康的；D. poor贫穷的。与emotional相对应的是“身体上的”。故选A。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在承担责任，采取行动，就能告别过去，面向未来。A. possessing拥有；B. taking拿；C. denying否定；D. displaying展示。take responsibility“承担责任”符合句意。故选B。‎ 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ Over the centuries, there have been a few people who plan the future of the world for a living and they ___41___ (call) futurologists.‎ Hundreds of futurologists will gather at Newcastle University to hold a seminar about the future. Many people will attend the seminar with dreams of starting new enterprises ___42___ (base) on the predictions they will hear. I clicked ___43___ the websites of a few futurologists and got several predictions.‎ ‎___44___ (short), computers will become handier. Then all of us can use our voices to control computers such as downloading files ___45___ updating computers just by saying a few words. By 2015, garments will have been made of new materials that will remain stainless ___46___ you spill on them, and they will never get old and worn. By 2025, there will have been no ___47___ (starve), no people who have to live on welfare, no discrimination, no conflict and people ___48___ (live) in peace and equality. By 2030, tiny, insect-like robots may be sent around the cells of our bodies ___49___ (assess) our health, which will have made it possible for us to ‎ live for at least 150 years. By 2050, we will be linking our brains to the much ____50____ (smart) computers and a huge database9 and a new type of electronic human might have developed!‎ ‎【答案】41. are called 42. based 43. into 44. Shortly 45. and 46. whatever 47. starvation 48. will have lived 49. to assess 50. smarter ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了未来学家对人们未来生活的一些预测。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查时态和语态。此处表客观事实，且they和call之间是被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填are called。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。be based on为固定短语，意为“以……为基础”。该句的谓语是will attend，所以此处应该用非谓语动词based作定语，修饰new enterprises。故填based。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查介词。固定短语：click into意为“点击进入”。故填into。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查副词。空处修饰整个句子，应用其副词形式。故填shortly。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：然后我们所有人都可以用我们的声音来控制电脑，如下载文件和更新电脑只需说几个字。downloading files和updating computers是并列关系，应用and。故填and。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查状语从句。分析句子结构并结合语境可知，空处引导让步状语从句，表示“不管什么”，应用whatever。故填whatever。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查名词。no相当于not any，后面应该用名词形式。故填starvation。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查时态。根据时间状语By 2025可知，此处应该用将来完成时。故填will have lived。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：到2030年，类似昆虫的微型机器人可能会被送到我们身体的各个细胞，以评估我们的健康状况，这将使我们至少能活150‎ 年。根据语境可知，空处作目的状语，故应用动词不定式。故填to access。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查形容词的比较级。句意：到2050年，我们将把我们的大脑连接到更智能的电脑上，一个巨大的数据库和一种新型的电子人类可能已经开发出来了！该处是将2050年的计算机和人的大脑相比，且空前有much修饰，应用形容词的比较级。故填smarter。‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ When we are happy, we would like share our happiness with others, making them know our enjoyment. When we are not in a good mood, we wanted to get someone whom can listen to us. Be a listener is not easy. People always complain about our worries, and a good listener should listen to them but learn to comfort them. To be a good listener can help us make good friend with others. The one who always listen to others is more likely to be easy-going. When he is in the trouble, his friends will be willingly to help him. So let’s learn to be a good listener from now on.‎ ‎【答案】1.like后添加to ‎ ‎2.wanted→want ‎ ‎3.whom→who ‎ ‎4.Be→Being ‎ ‎5.our→their ‎6.but→and ‎ ‎7.friend→friends ‎ ‎8.listen→listens ‎ ‎9.去掉the ‎ ‎10.willingly→willing ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲了成为一名好的倾听者的重要意义，以及如何成为一名好的倾听者。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查固定短语。句意：当我们开心时，我们愿意和别人分享我们的快乐。根据固定短语would like to do sth.表示“愿意做某事”。故like后添加to。‎ ‎2.考查动词时态。整篇文章都用的是一般现在时，所以这里也用一般现在时，且主语为we，谓语动词用原形。故wanted改为want。‎ ‎3.考查定语从句。本句为定语从句修饰先行词someone，且先行词在从句中作主语，指人，用who。故whom改为who。‎ ‎4.考查非谓语动词。本句中缺少主语，应用动词-ing形式做主语。故Be改为Being。‎ ‎5.考查代词。句意：人们总是抱怨他们的烦恼。表示“他们的”应用their。故our改为their。‎ ‎6.考查连词。句意：一位好的倾听者应该听他们诉苦，并且学会安慰他们。表示并列关系，应用连词and。故but改为and。‎ ‎7.考查名词的数。根据短语make friends with sb.表示“和某人交朋友”。故friend改为friends。‎ ‎8.考查主谓一致。此处为一般现在时，且主语为who，指代先行词the one，谓语应用第三人称单数。故listen改为listens。‎ ‎9.考查冠词。根据短语be in trouble表示“处于困境中”，不需要使用冠词。故去掉the。‎ ‎10.考查形容词。根据上文be可知，应填形容词willing作表语，表示“愿意的”。故willingly改为willing。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假如你是李华，在过去一周你在英国参加中学生文化交流活动，期间一直住在你的英国好友Peter家，现在已经回国。请你根据以下要点给他写一封感谢信。‎ 要点包括：‎ ‎1 表达感激之情；‎ ‎2. 回忆各种收获；‎ ‎3. 邀请他有空时来中国玩。‎ 注意：词数100左右；可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Peter,‎ I am writing to convey my gratitude for your kind help and care during my stay in your country, without which I wouldn’t have enjoyed it so much.‎ Guided by you, I had a chance to visit some places of interest in England and experience such unique culture as well as beautiful scenery. Thanks to your generous help, I do believe that I have a better understanding of your country and culture. What’s more, during the week, the comfortable room, delicious meals and especially your friendly family made me feel at home.‎ I will be more than pleased if I have the opportunity to repay your kindness. I will show you around in China. I am looking forward to your coming.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假如你是李华，在过去一周你在英国参加中学生文化交流活动，期间一直住在你的英国好友Peter家，现在已经回国。请你根据以下要点给他写一封感谢信。要点包括：1.表达感激之情；2.回忆各种收获；3.邀请他有空时来中国玩。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：convey (表达)；have a chance to (有机会)；unique culture(独特的文化)；as well as (而且)等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I am writing to convey my gratitude for your kind help and care during my stay in your country, without which I wouldn’t have enjoyed it so much.运用了非限定性定语从句；以及Thanks to your generous help, I do believe that I have a better understanding of your country and ‎ culture.运用了宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ ‎ ‎