【英语】2019届二轮复习阅读理解解解题指导（4页word版） 4页

‎2019届二轮复习阅读理解解解题指导 一、速读全文，了解大意知主题。‎ ‎　　阅读能力一般指阅读速度和理解能力两个方面。阅读速度是阅读最基本的能力。考生必须在十分有限的时间内运用略读、扫读、跳读等技巧快速阅读，搜寻关键词、主题句，捕捉时空、顺序、情节、人物、观点，并且理清文章脉络，把握语篇实质。 ‎ ‎　　抓主题句是快速掌握文章大意的主要方法。主题句一般出现在文章的开头和结尾。 主题句往往对全文起提示、启迪、概括、归纳之作用，主旨大意题，归纳概括题，中心思想题往往直接可从主题句中找到答案。 ‎ ‎　　试试看，你能找出下面一段文章的主题句吗？ ‎ ‎　　The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops. ‎ ‎　　不难看出，文章的第一句是主题句，后面的句子都围绕这个句子展开。 ‎ 二、看题干，带着问题读文章。 ‎ ‎　　首先要掌握问题的类型，客观信息题可以从文章中直接找到答案；而主观判断题考查的是对文章的感情基调等，这类题必须经过对作者的态度、意图以及对整篇文章进行深一层的推理等。其次，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读，对有关信息进行快速定位。此法加强了阅读的针对性，提高了做题的准确率。 ‎ 三、 逻辑推理，做好深层理解题。 ‎ ‎　　在实际阅读中，有时作者并未把意图说出来，阅读者要根据字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓义。要求读者对文字的表面信息进行分析、挖掘和逻辑推理，不能就事论事，以偏概全。推理题在提问中常用的词有：infer, imply, suggest, indicate等。 ‎ 四、 猜词悟义，扫除阅读拦路虎。 ‎ ‎　　猜词是应用英语的重要能力。它不但需要准确无误地理解上下文，而且要有较大的泛读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇。我们要学会“顺藤摸瓜”，通过构词，语法，定义，同位，对比，因果，常识，上下文等线索确定词义。 ‎ ‎　　a. 定义法 ‎ ‎　　It will be very hard but also very brittle...that is, it will break easily. 从后面的解释中我们可以了解到brittle 是“脆”的意思。 ‎ ‎　　b. 同位法 ‎ ‎　　They traveled a long way, at last got to a castle, a large building in old times. 同位语部分a large building in old times 给出了 castle 的确切词义，即“城堡”。 ‎ ‎　　c. 对比法 ‎ ‎　　She is usually prompt for all her class, but today she arrived in the middle of her first class. but一词表转折，因此but 前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是她今天“第一节上了一半才来”，因此反向推理，可得出她平时一向“准时”的结论。 ‎ ‎　　d. 构词法(前缀、后缀、复合、派生等) ‎ ‎　　Perhaps, we can see some possibilities for next fifty years. possibility 是 possible 的同根名词， 据此可以断定 possibility 意思是“可能性”。 ‎ ‎　　e. 因果法 ‎ ‎　　The lack of movement caused the muscles to weaken. Sometimes the weakness was permanent. So the player could never play the sport again. 从后面的结果“永远不能再运动”中，可以推测 permanent 的意思为“永远的，永久的”。 ‎ 基础练习 Son’s Help Mr. Lang worked in a factory. As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much. His wife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he came ‎ back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home. So he had enough time when he had a holiday. A few friends of his liked gambling(赌博) and he learned it soon. So he was interested in it and hardly forgot anything except gambling. He lost all his money and later he began to sell the television, watches and so on. His wife told him not to do it but he didn’t listen to her. She had to tell the police. He and his friends were punished for it. And he was hardly sent away. After he came out of lockup(拘留所), he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him. It was New Year’s Day. Mr. Lang didn’t go to work. He felt lonely and wanted to gamble again. He called his friends and they came soon. But they were afraid the police would come. He told his five-year-old son to go to find out if there were the policemen outside. They waited for a long time and didn’t think the police would come and began to gamble. Suddenly opened the door and in came a few policemen. “I saw there weren’t any policemen outside, daddy,” said the boy, “so I went to the crossing and asked some to come.” 1. Mr. Lang was paid much because _______. A. he was a driver B. he worked in a factory C. he had a lot of work to do D. he had worked there for a long time 2. Mrs. Lang did all housework because _______. A. she couldn’t find any work B. she thought her husband was tired C. her husband spent all time in gambling D. she wouldn’t stop her husband gambling 3. _______, so he was put into lockup. A. Mr. Lang often gambled B. Mr. Lang was late for work C. Mr. Lang didn’t help his wife at home D. Mr. Lang wasn’t polite to the police ‎ ‎4. The woman had to leave Mr. Lang because _______. A. he didn’t love her any longer B. he wouldn’t stop gambling C. he had been put into lockup D. he was hardly sent away by the factory 5. Which of the following is right? A. The boy hoped his father to be put into lockup again. B. The boy thought his father needed some policemen. C. The boy hoped his father to stop gambling soon. D. The boy hoped his mother to come back. 【答案与解析】本文讲一个赌棍想要赌钱，因此叫他的儿子把风，可他的儿子却把警察找来的故事。 1. C。细节题。根据第1段第2句话 As a driver, he was busy but he was paid much 可知答案为 C。 2. B。推断题。根据第1段第3句话 His wife was an able woman and did all the housework. When he came back, she took good care of him and he never did anything at home 可知答案为 B。 3. A。推断题。根据 His wife told him not to do it but he didn’t listen to her. She had to tell the police 可知答案为 A。 4. A。细节题。根据 …he hated her very much and the woman had to leave him可知答案为 A。 5. B。语义理解题。根据最后一句话 I saw there weren’t any policeman outside, daddy, so I went to the crossing and asked some to come 可知答案为 B。‎