高考英语简明语法手册：Grammar9：主谓一致和感叹句 3页

Grammar 9：主谓一致和感叹句 1． 主谓一致（subject-verb agreement）‎ 指谓语动词和主语的人称及数要保持一致。‎ 1） 两个名词或代词用and连接时，谓语动词一般用复数。但指同一概念或用each，every，many a，no等修饰时，谓语动词用单数。‎ e．g．He and she are friends。‎ ‎ A white rose and a red rose are sent to her.‎ ‎ The scientist and writer is respected by people.‎ ‎ Each boy and each girl is a flower of the country’s garden.‎ ‎ Many a tree has been planted in the park.‎ 2） 集合名词family，group，class，army，team，enemy等作主语时，若强调整体，则谓语动词用单数；若强调个体，则谓语动词用复数。‎ e．g．The family is happy and friendly.‎ ‎ Our class is united.‎ ‎ The enemy are coming closer to our hiding place.‎ ‎ The army have helped the farmers with the harvest.‎ 3） 不定代词anyone，anybody，anything，everyone，everything，someone，somebody，no one，nobody，nothing等做主语时，谓语动词用单数；但none，neither的谓语动词单复数均可。‎ e．g．Is anybody going to tell her the news?‎ ‎ Nothing is worrying her now.‎ ‎ Everything is OK so far.‎ ‎ None of them know/ knows what’s happing.‎ ‎ Neither of us want/ wants to play the game. ‎ 4） 采取就近原则的there be…，either…or…, neither…nor…, not only…but also…等句型，谓语动词与最近的主语一致。但主语后面有with, together with, as well as, rather than, along with, in addition to, but/except, besides等来修饰时，谓语动词仍与主语保持一致。‎ e．g．There is a sheep eating grass in the field.‎ ‎ Not only I but also my brother likes the joke.‎ ‎ Either he or you come to help me.‎ ‎ Father as well as the children goes fishing every Sunday.‎ ‎ Lily, together with her friends, is good at word puzzle.‎ 1） 主语表示时间、金钱、距离、重量等概念时，谓语动词用单数。‎ e．g．100 years is what he hopes to live.‎ ‎ 500 miles is a long way for an old man.‎ ‎ 1,000,000 dollars is not enough for the project.‎ ‎2．感叹句（exclamatory sentences）‎ ‎ 这是一种表达强烈感情的句式，有两中句型：what感叹句和how感叹句。‎ 1） what句型。‎ e．g．What a lovely girl she is！‎ ‎ What beautiful flowers they are！‎ ‎ What fine weather it is！‎ ‎ What a boy！‎ 2） how句型。‎ e．g．How lovely the girl is！‎ ‎ How beautiful the flowers are！‎ ‎ How fine the weather is！‎ ‎ How time flies！‎ Exercises.‎ 1. Fill in the blanks with the right form of the given words.‎ 1) Either the girl or the boy ___ (have) read Tarry Potter.‎ 2) There ___ (be) a dog, two cats and a few chairs in the picture.‎ 3) The professor together with the students ___ (appreciate) the novel, in my opinion.‎ 4) He has to go now, for his family ___ (be) waiting for him.‎ 5) Our country ___ (be) no longer underdeveloped.‎ 6) My team ___ (have) better players, so I think we will win it.‎ 7) Police ___ (be) helping people to drive the cattle that ___ (be) gathering around the wounded man.‎ 8) A white and red rose ___ (be) drawing some bees, I say.‎ 9) Each man and each woman ___ (be) equal as a human.‎ 1) A million years ___ (have) passed this land from then on.‎ 2) The principal speaker at the news conference agreed that the ways in which television can educate a person ___ (be) almost infinite.‎ 3) To get up early for three mornings ___ (be) equal to one day of time.‎ 4) The secretary and the treasurer ___(be) going to attend the meeting.‎ 5) The assistant and graduate student ___ (help) professor Lee check the exercise-books.‎ 6) Not only his children but he himself ___ (be) hoping to be there. ‎ 2. Translation.‎ 1) 她的眼睛又大又漂亮！‎ 2) 这些孩子彼此多友好啊！‎ 3) 老虎跑起来多快啊！‎ 4) 时光飞逝，岁月如梭！‎ 5) 他的话听起来多甜啊！‎ 6) A series of lectures is to be given to mark the 50th anniversary of the founding of the school.‎ 7) The audience are dressed in a variety of ways, some in suits and dresses, some in jeans.‎ 8) Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.‎ 9) To see the Stature of Liberty and to take pictures from the top of the Empire State Building are two reasons for visiting New York city.‎ 10) Neither his academic records nor his experience as a railway engineer qualifies him for the job.‎ ‎ ‎