专题08+阅读填空（测）-2019年高考英语二轮复习讲练测 8页

班级 姓名 学号 分数 ‎ ‎（测试时间：45分钟）‎ ‎1. 【陕西省咸阳市2019届高三12月联考卷 英语（二）】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ To begin your study time, one biggest challenge is to get all necessary materials. ____36____But if you prepare everything at one time, your studying will be more effective.‎ Kitchen can be noisy. ____37____A bedroom may be full o distractions, such as favorite magazines, music, or television. If you can, find a corner of a guest room or study-or any room that is not a high traffic area.‎ ‎___38___Good lighting, a comfortable chair, a good writing surface, writing instruments, reference tools. If you find it easier to study with music playing in the background, pick soothing(使人宽慰的)music and keep it at a low volume. The phone is a definite no, as are video games, sports equipment, or anything else that can cause distractions.‎ For most students, one to two hours daily is enough. But sometimes you may have to study longer. ____39____For example, some students like to study before dinner, others are early risers and find they can concentrate best in the morning. Tell all your family members when you will be in studying and ask them not to disturb you unless it’s absolutely necessary.‎ It can be difficult to start a standard study schedule, but the effort can pay off in better grades. ____40____ After a month of continual good study habits, treat yourself to spending time with good friends or doing something you enjoy as self-encouragement.‎ A. What will you absolutely need to help you study?‎ B. You will make your achievements known to others.‎ C. Being close to those tempting snacks won’t help with your process.‎ D. Set aside a period of time to concentrate on what you are learning.‎ E. Pick a time when you think your concentration level is the best.‎ F. Another is to find a place where you can concentrate.‎ G. Your teachers will notice your improvement.‎ ‎【答案】36. F 37. C 38. A 39. E 40. G ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为议论文。文章论述了如何找到一个可以专心学习的地方 ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文“厨房可能会很吵”，根据常识，厨房里的食物也会让你分散注意力，因此C项“靠近那些诱人的零食不会对你的学习过程有帮助”符合此处语境。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查上下文及句意理解。根据下文“良好的照明、舒适的椅子、良好的书写表面、书写工具、参考工具。如果你发现在播放音乐的背景下学习更容易，那就选择舒缓的音乐，并将音量控制在较低的水平。”可知，此处正好回答A项“你需要什么来帮助你学习?”的问题。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查上下文及句意理解。根据下文对“不同的人集中精力的时间点是不同的”的陈述可知，E项“选择一个你认为自己注意力最集中的时间。”符合此处语境。故E选项正确。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查上下文及句意理解。根据上文“开始一个标准的学习计划是很困难的，但努力能让成绩更好”可知，G项“你的老师会注意到你的进步”符合此处语境。故G选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】七选五题型要求考生从整体上把握文章的逻辑结构和内容上的联系，理解句子之间、段落之间的关系，对诸如连贯性、一致性等语段特征有较强的意识和熟练的把握。通过理解设空前后句意及对照选项可以确定正确选项，如第1小题，空前句意为“你开始学习时，一个最大的挑战是获得所有必要的材料”，其中one biggest challenge是关键词，与F选项中的Another相互照应，意为“另一个挑战是找一个你可以集中注意力的地方”。由此可以确定F选项符合此处语境。 ‎ ‎5. 【河南省中原名校2019届高三第一次质量考评】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ The world itself is becoming much smaller by using modem traffic and modem communication means. Life today is much easier than it was hundreds of years ago, but it has brought new problems, ___16___ Pollution means making things dirty. It comes in many ways. We see it, smell it, drink it and even hear it.‎ Man has been polluting the earth. ___17___ Many years ago, the problem was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place，Man moved to another place.‎ ‎ But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.‎ ‎___18___It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes our drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily.‎ ‎___19___ They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.‎ The earth is our home. We must take care of it. ___20___ And we must take care of the rise in population at the same time.‎ A. The more people，the more pollution.‎ B. One of the biggest is pollution.‎ C. Air pollution is still the most serious.‎ D. Many countries are making rules to fight pollution.‎ E. That means keeping the land， water and air clean.‎ F. I hope scientists can find ways to solve the serious problem.‎ G. Strange diseases have appeared in some places because of pollution.‎ ‎【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. D 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 本文介绍了世界上各种污染情况，从空气污染到噪音污染都做了详细地说明。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 下文提示“许多年前，这个问题并不是很严重，因为没有那么多人。”由此可知，A.项The more people, the more pollution（人越多，污染越多。）切题。故选A。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 下文提示“这对世界上所有的生物都是有害的，但它并不是唯一的一种污染。”承接下文，C项Air pollution is still the most serious（空气污染仍然是最严重的。）从下文的water/noise可知此处it指的是Air pollution，故选C。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 上文提示“地球是我们的家园。我们必须照顾好它。”承接上文，E项That means keeping the land, water and air clean.（这意味着要保持土地、水和空气的清洁。）该项中的that指的就是上文内容。故选E。‎ ‎6. 【安徽省江淮十校2019届高三第二次联考】第二节 (共 5小题; 每小题 2分,满分 10分)‎ Earth is home to around 7,000 languages, around half of which are expected to disappear by 2100.‎ Languages disappear for many reasons. Sometimes younger generations stop learning a language because parents want children to fit in. ___16___ Native American children of the late-19th century were required to attend boarding schools where educators forbade them from speaking their native languages.‎ The United Nations ranks endangered languages according to their risk level. For example, a "critically endangered" language is one that even grandparents don ' t speak often. New York ' s Onondaga language is an example with only 50 speakers left. An " extinct" language has no speakers. It is gone forever. Alaska ' s Eyak language is one example. ___17___‎ ‎___18___ In the same way, different languages contribute to cultural diversity. Saving these languages benefits our understanding of other cultures. Languages can show how a society looks at the world and what it values. A language may describe something in a way that is funny , too. In Welsh , it rains not cats and dogs , but old wives and walking sticks.‎ The Endangered Language Alliance wants to save languages from disappearing. ___19___ However, its efforts are limited. If an endangered language is going to make a real comeback, it ' ll probably get its start in schools. For nearly 100 years, public schools in Hawaii did not teach the Hawaiian language. Now students can keep learning in Hawaiian from elementary schools to college and beyond.‎ ‎___20___ At least one did. In 1881, a Jewish linguist named Eliezer Ben-Yehuda brought the 3 ,000-year-old language Hebrew back to life. Today it is one of the official languages of the country of Israel, with more than 4 million speakers.‎ A. The last person who spoke it died in 2008.‎ B. Why should we save endangered languages?‎ C. Various animals and plants benefit our environment.‎ D. With just 5 speakers left, it is absolutely endangered.‎ E. Can a language with zero native speakers come back to life?‎ F. Sometimes societies force minorities to give up their language.‎ C. The nonprofit group finds native speakers and records their stories.‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. E ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。说明了语言消失的原因，语言对人类的重要性，以及防止语言消失所采取的措施。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 由第二段内容可知，整段都在说明语言消失的原因，所以小题1也是在陈述语言消失的原因。故F选项切题。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 由第三段可知，第三段主要在讲述人们受益于不同种的语言。再由in the same way可知，小题3在讲述各种动植物有益于环境，以此说明多种语言也有益于人类。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 由The Endangered Language Alliance wants to save languages from disappearing.可知，这个濒临灭绝语言联盟希望挽救这些即将消失的语言。小题2要说明他们具体的做法。故G选项切题。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 由 At least one did. In 1881, a Jewish linguist named Eliezer Ben-Yehuda brought the 3 ,000-year-old language Hebrew back to life. Today it is one of the official languages of the country of Israel, with more than 4 million speakers.可知，至少有一种语言做到了。在1881年，一位名叫Eliezer Ben-Yehuda的犹太语言学家使这个有3千年历史的希伯来语复活。今天，它是以色列的官方语言之一，有400多万使用者。所以通过回答和举例说明，我们可以判断出小题5要问“没有人说的语言能复活吗？”。故E选项切题。‎ ‎7. 【安徽省黄山市普通高中2019届高三11月“八校联考”】‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两处为多余选项。‎ The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. ____16____ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.‎ ‎1. Curiosity Your children need to be deeply curious. ____17____ Ask kids, “What ingredients（配料）can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?‎ ‎2. Creativity True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. ____18____ There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.‎ ‎3. Interpersonal Skills Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. ____19____ “Why do you think she’s crying?” “Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face? If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”‎ ‎4. Self-expression ‎___20___ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas-music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.‎ A. Encourage kids to cook with you.‎ B. And we can’t forget science education.‎ C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.‎ D. So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don’t yet exist?‎ E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.‎ F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.‎ G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. A 18. C 19. F 20. G 视频 ‎【16题详解】‎ D考查上下文的语境理解。根据By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds. 可知这里叙述的是帮助他们发展最优秀的技能。所以上句应该怎样帮助为了他们未来的工作而做好准备。发展孩子 ‎【18题详解】‎ C 考查上下文的语境理解。根据True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it可知上文叙述的是培养孩子的创造力，给他们一些材料，然后从这些材料中创造出新的东西。所以下文应该是我们给孩子提供机会用新的方式来使用这些材料。选项C符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ F考查上下文的语境理解。根据下文可知是问孩子怎样判断人的情感。所以上句应该是我们在真实生活的做法及在故事中的人物一些问题。故选F。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ G考查语境理解及主题句。根据下文的内容可知有许多方法表达出自己的想法和观点。所以用一种有效的方式交流是一种技能。故选G。 ‎