专题06+考前必刷说明文（11-20）-冲刺2019高考英语二轮复习核心考点特色突破 7页

说明文专项训练（11）‎ 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 说明文 缓解午后困倦 ‎380‎ ‎★★★‎ ‎6分钟 We’ve all had a bad feeling soon after a hearty lunch.You can’t stay focused，your energy level falls，and you wish you possessed a warm blanket so you could curl up under your desk for a quick nap.But you have important things to do—like completing that project or leading a team meeting in less than an hour.‎ You don’t have to suffer that_fate anymore.I have four foods that will get your focus back on track so that you can finish your workday stronger than you started.Keep these products handy in your office，and you’ll never suffer from that 2 pm mental slog ever again.‎ Green Tea While coffee is an important afternoon pickmeup，green tea should not be overlooked.The unique combination of the amino acid thiamine (硫胺素) and caffeine has been shown across several studies to improve creativity，ability to multitask，and reaction time.Try some amazing tea recipes to get started.‎ Almonds Almonds are a great afternoon recharger and research from Purdue University shows they will also aid in your weightloss efforts.This is because almonds provide sustained energy：a mix of fat，fiber，and protein.Those elements allow almonds to offer a convenient snack that gives you a smooth shot of energy that comes from controlling your blood sugar levels.Plus，research shows that people who regularly eat nuts have as much as a 50 percent reduced risk of having a heart attack.‎ Greek Yogurt Research from the University of Missouri shows that protein helps your body into better blood sugar control by stimulating the release of the hormone glucagon (胰高血糖素)．Aim for a cup that has 20 to 23 grams of protein for your snack.‎ Dark Chocolate Despite often being viewed as a bad dietary food，dark chocolate can help fight off that urge to take a nap in the middle of the day.While dark chocolate does contain small amounts of caffeine，its real power comes from phenethylamine (苯乙胺)．Research from Middlesex University in London shows that just smelling chocolate can shift brain activity towards greater attention.‎ ‎1．The underlined expression “that fate” in Paragraph 2 probably means “________”．‎ A．staying focused B．possessing low energy level C．having a slow nap D．curling up under your desk ‎2．Which of the following statements is true?‎ A．White coffee can’t help us stay focused in the afternoon.‎ B．Eating almonds regularly can help us lose weight.‎ C．Dark chocolate can help us have a good nap in the afternoon.‎ D．Having no lunch can help us stay focused in the afternoon.‎ ‎2.选B,　考查细节理解。根据第四段的第一句“Almonds are a great...will also aid in your weightloss efforts”可知，常吃杏仁有利于减肥，故B项正确。 ‎ 说明文专项训练（15）‎ 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 说明文 献血 ‎322‎ ‎★★‎ ‎5分钟 Donating blood is a simple thing to do，but it can make a big difference in the lives of others.The donation process from the time you arrive until the time you leave takes about an hour.The donation itself is only about 810 minutes on average.The steps in the process are：‎ Step 1：Registration ‎1．Our staff and volunteers will sign you in and go over basic eligibility (资格) and donation information.‎ ‎2．You will read information about donating blood，and will be asked to show a donor card，driver’s license，or other form(s) of ID.‎ Step 2：Health History & MiniPhysical ‎1．You will answer some questions during a private and confidential interview about your health history and places you have traveled.‎ ‎2．We will check your temperature，pulse，blood pressure and hemoglobin (血红蛋白) level present in a sample of blood.‎ Step 3：The Donation ‎1．We will clean an area on your arm and insert a brand new clean needle for the blood draw.This feels like a quick pain and is over in seconds.‎ ‎2．The actual donation takes about 810 minutes，during which you will be seated comfortably.Certain donation types，such as platelets (血小板) or red cells can take up to 2 hours.‎ ‎3．When approximately a pint of blood has been collected，the donation is complete and a staff person will place a bandage on your arm.‎ Step 4：Refreshments ‎1．After donating，you should have a snack and something to drink in the refreshments area.You can leave the site after 1015 minutes and continue with your normal daily activities.‎ ‎2．Enjoy the feeling of accomplishment knowing that you have helped save lives.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍献血的四个步骤：登记、询问和检查健康情况、献血及献血之后的恢复。‎ ‎1．Which of the following can be a proper title for the passage?‎ A．The process of blood donation B．The benefits of blood donation C．The importance of blood donation D．The preparations for blood donation ‎2．During the Registration，a blood donor will be asked to________.‎ A．go over his basic donation information B．show something to prove his identity C．answer some questions about his health history D．have his temperature and blood pressure checked ‎2.选B,　细节理解题。根据Step 1：Registration部分第二点可知，在登记的时候，献血者会被要求出示相关证件来证明自己的身份。‎ ‎3．What should one do after donating blood?‎ A．Eat and drink something.‎ B．Leave the site immediately.‎ C．Take exercise right now.‎ D．Return to work after two days.‎ ‎3.选A,　细节理解题。根据Step 4：Refreshments部分第一点第一句可知，献血之后献血者应该吃点东西、喝点东西。‎ 说明文专项训练（16）‎ 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 说明文 患有艾兹伯格的孩子 ‎399‎ ‎★★★★‎ ‎9分钟 Eighteenyearold Burnie Rollinson has Asperger syndrome，an autism spectrum disorder.People with Asperger’s have difficulty with communication，eye contact and relationships.Burnie’s mother，Anita Rollinson，wanted to write a book to help people better understand the feelings of children with autism.She has now published If You Were Me.Burnie drew the pictures for the book.‎ If You Were Me is a children’s book.Burnie’s mother wrote it in her son’s voice.“I just wanted it written in a way so that other children could possibly read it or have someone read it to them.”‎ She said she also wanted to send a message to other parents of autistic children.“I just wanted them to feel that they weren’t alone.”‎ This is how the mother and son worked together on their book：Ms Rollinson would write a sentence or two and read them to Burnie.Then，he would draw a picture to help explain the meaning of her words.‎ ‎“I’d leave it to him.I didn’t necessarily want to tell him how to draw because I wanted it to be exactly what he did and it to come from his thoughts and his creativity.”‎ If You Were Me tells Burnie’s story.It says he was born to “loving but inexperienced parents”．It tells he was diagnosed with Asperger’s at age three.It also explains why he has few friends.‎ ‎“He’s a loner most of the time.And then if he is approached by kids，he doesn’t always know what to say.”‎ Burnie wants people to know that he has a full life.He attends school，and after class，goes to a parttime job at the library.He says he enjoys the work.‎ His teacher Anya Plana Hutt is proud of him.‎ ‎“The fact that Burnie was able to illustrate his mother’s book and share it with so many people，I think it’s a very good message.It allows people to understand how it is to be on Burnie’s side of the road.”‎ And this book just might help a lot more people to understand，encourage and support Burnie and others with autism.‎ ‎1．Why did Anita Rollinson write the book If You Were Me?‎ A．To encourage her son to draw pictures.‎ B．To let people understand and support autism children.‎ C．To make her son famous.‎ D．To help the doctor study the autism.‎ ‎1.选B，细节理解题。Burnie’s mother，Anita Rollinson，wanted to write a book to help people better understand the feelings of children with autism.(第一段第三句)译文：Burnie的妈妈Anita Rollinson想写一本书来帮助人们更好地了解患有自闭症孩子的情感。根据第一段及下文可知，Anita Rollinson写《假如你是我》这本书是为了让人们了解和帮助患自闭症的孩子。故选B。‎ ‎2．What kind of boy is Burnie Rollinson?‎ A．He has many friends.‎ B．He has trouble in communicating with others.‎ C．He is full of imagination.‎ D．He prefers reading to talking.‎ ‎3．What do we learn about the book from the text?‎ A．It is a bestseller.‎ B．Its writer is Anya Plana Hutt.‎ C．It covers Burnie’ life story.‎ D．It describes several autism children.‎ ‎3.选C,　推理判断题。If You Were Me tells Burnie’s story.(第六段第一句)译文：《假如你是我》讲述了Burnie的故事。根据关键句并结合第六段内容可知，这本书包含了Burnie的生活故事。‎ ‎4．Who is the intended reader of the book?‎ A．Parents.‎ B．Children.‎ C．Parents of autism children.‎ D．Autism children.‎ ‎4.选B,解析：　推理判断题。If You Were Me is a children’s book...“I just wanted it written in a way so that other children could possibly read it or have someone read it to them.”(第二段)译文：《假如你是我》是一本孩子们的书。……我就是想用这种方式写书，以便于其他的孩子可以读或者有人读给他们。可推知，这本书的意向读者是孩子。‎ 说明文专项训练（17）‎ 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 说明文 汽车向左向右行驶 ‎353‎ ‎★★★‎ ‎8分钟 About a quarter of the world drives on the left，and the countries that do are mostly old British colonies (殖民地) like Australia，and Ireland.But Thailand，Indonesia and Japan also do so.‎ This strange quirk (奇事) puzzles the rest of the world；however，there is a perfectly good reason.Up to the late 1700’s，everybody travelled on the left side of the road because it’s the most sensible option for feudal (封建的)，violent societies with mostly righthanded people.Soldiers with their swords under their right arm naturally passed on each other’s right，and if you passed a stranger on the road，you walked on the left to ensure that your protective sword arm was between yourself and him.‎ Revolutionary France，however，overturned this practice as part of its sweeping social rethink.A change was carried out all over continental Europe by Napoleon.It changed under Napoleon because he was lefthanded.His armies had to march on the right so he could keep his sword arm between him and any opponent.From then on，any part colonised by the French travelled on the right.‎ After the American Revolutionary War (1775—1783)，the US became independent and decided to make traffic drive on the right in order to cast off all remaining links with its British colonial past.As America became the center of the car industry，if you wanted a good reliable vehicle，you bought American righthanddrive cars.From then on，many countries changed out of necessity.‎ Today，the EU would like Britain to fall into line with the rest of Europe，but this is no longer possible.It would cost billions of pounds to change everything round.The last European country to change driving on the right was Sweden in 1967.While everyone was getting used to the new system，they paid more attention and took more care，resulting in a reduction of the number of road accidents.‎ 语篇解读　 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了汽车靠右行驶和靠左行驶的差异及其产生的历史原因。‎ ‎1．Why did people travel on the left before the late 18th century?‎ A．They were required to do so.‎ B．They were mostly lefthanded.‎ C．It was easier to cross the street.‎ D．They could feel safer from attacks.‎ ‎2．What was Napoleon’s attitude to walking on the left?‎ A．Support. B．Disapproval.‎ C．Doubt. D．Sympathy.‎ ‎3．For American，driving on the right was a way to show________.‎ A．the connection with France was broken B．the US was no longer ruled by the UK C．the American Revolution War had ended D．America was the center of the car industry ‎3.选B,　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，美国改变汽车行驶方向为靠右行驶是为了表示美国不再受英国的统治。‎ ‎4．What is the main cause of the UK failing to adopt the new system?‎ A．Its high costs to change.‎ B．Its increasing traffic accidents.‎ C．Its influence on colonies.‎ D．Its fastdeveloping car industry.‎ ‎4.选A,　细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句可知，因为改变需要很大一笔费用，所以英国不会采用新的制度。 ‎ ‎4.What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Flying Car at Auto Show ‎ B. The Transition’s First Flight C. Pilots’ Dream Coming True ‎ D. Flying Car Closer to Reality ‎ ‎4.选D，　考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的"Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year"可知,Terrafugia公司的飞行汽车成功进行了第一次飞行,从而使飞行汽车更加接近现实。所以选D项。‎