专题2-5+Music（测试练习）-2018年高三英语一轮总复习名师伴学 19页

专题2.5+Music ‎【测试与练习】‎ 一、阅读理解 A ‎【全国百强校】吉林省长春外国语学校2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 Would it surprise you to learn that, like animals, trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation?‎ UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined. Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest, Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact, the opposite is true: trees survive through their co-operation and support, passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”.‎ Nitrogen (氮) and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi (真菌) networks, making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons (神经元) in our brains, and when one tree is destroyed, it affects all.‎ Simard talks about “mother trees”, usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed, we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.‎ ‎“We didn’t take any notice of it.” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying, but we never give them a chance.” If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future.‎ ‎1．What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans B. Young Trees Are In Need Of Protection C. Trees Contribute To Our Society D. Trees Are More Complex Than You Think ‎2．In Simard’s opinion, trees .‎ A. protect their own wealth ‎ B. depend on each other C. compete for survival ‎ D. provide support for dying trees ‎3．We can learn from the passage that .‎ A. if “mother trees” are cut down, the survival for the entire forest will be affected B. “mother trees” are usually of no use to other trees C. Charles Darwin had the same thought as Simard D. people know much about the complex “tree societies”‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1．D ‎2．B ‎3．A ‎【解析】文章介绍树和树之间不是你死我活的竞争关系，它们之间是相互依赖的，快要死的树会将自己的营养传给小树让它们更好的成长，人们如果知道这些现象，就可以更好的保护这些树。‎ ‎3. A细节题：根据文章第四段的句子：She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation, transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow.可知mother trees之所以重要是因为它们将营养传给小树，选A。‎ B ‎【全国百强校】吉林省长春外国语学校2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 While inventions like the wheel and the Internet have changed the way the world works today, there are some creations that never quite got off the ground. Let’s look at the strangest inventions from across the globe.‎ THE TOMATO-FEEDING ROBOT Japanese juice seller, Kagome, invented a robot that will feed you tomatoes with its long metal arms extended on either side of your face while you run. Originally created for the Tokyo Marathon, the robot even has a timer so that tomato-eating runners won’t use up their supply too quickly.‎ THE ROLLING BENCH It’s lunchtime and many people may be looking for a park bench to sit on, but the rain has made every surface humid. This is when the rolling bench comes in. When one side is too wet, a handle on the side can roll up another dry side for better sitting conditions. The inventions come from designer Sung Woo Park, from Seoul in South Korea.‎ THE LED SLIPPERS(拖鞋)‎ We all hate hurting our toes in the dark, but a revolutionary footwear design can prevent this from happening again. The slightly strange LED slippers are designed to be comfortable, yet shine your path at night. With two in-built LED lights at the top of each slipper, the users can direct their toes at any area that needs light.‎ THE FOOT-POWERED BICYCLE It’s the unusual invention of German designers Tom Hambrock and Juri Spetter. Besides an unusual appearance, its function is also slightly strange, as the user must run to get the bicycle moving. As soon as the riders have enough momentum(动力), they’re able to rest their feet on the back wheel and use the handlebars to control its direction.‎ ‎4．What can we know about the tomato-feeding robot from the text?‎ A. It’s popular with lazy eaters.‎ B. It was the creation of a Korean.‎ C. It was designed for a sports event.‎ D. It has two plastic arms.‎ ‎5．Which of the following can replace the underlined word “humid” in the text?‎ A. Dirty. B. Wet.‎ C. Unsafe. D. Uncomfortable.‎ ‎6．Which invention was designed for its users’ safety?‎ A. The LED slippers.‎ B. The rolling bench.‎ C. The foot-powered bicycle.‎ D. The tomato-feeding robot.‎ ‎7．What can we infer about the inventions mentioned in the text?‎ A. They bring us speed improvement.‎ B. Their inventors are all from Asia.‎ C. They are powered by electricity.‎ D. They can serve us in different ways.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎4．C ‎5．B ‎6．A ‎7．D ‎【解析】本文介绍了几项发明，它们以不同的方式服务我们。‎ ‎4．C 推理判断题。根据第二段Originally created for the Tokyo Marathon, the robot even has a timer so that tomato-eating runners won’t use up their supply too quickly.可知它是专为体育赛事设计的。故选C。学%‎ ‎5．B 词义猜测题。根据the rain has made every surface humid.中的the rain可知雨会使表面变湿。故选B。‎ ‎7．D 推理判断题。根据第一段中While inventions like the wheel and the Internet have changed the way the world works today, there are some creations that never quite got off the ground.可知本文提到的发明以不同的方式服务我们。故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ C ‎【全国百强校】山东省临沂市2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 Researchers in China and the United States have developed a new cataract(白内障)treatment with cells that has restored vision in babies in a trial and may eventually be used in adults.‎ The treatment- by doctors and staff members at the University of California, San Diego School of Medicine and Sichuan and Sun Yat-sen universities in China-was published in March 9 edition of the scientific journal Nature.‎ A cataract is a clouding of the normally clear lens(晶体)of an eye. Typical cataract operation involves the removal of the cloudy lens and the insertion of an artificial one. The new operation has been tested in animals and during a small, human trial. It resulted in fewer complications(并发症)than the current harmful operation, and in regrown lenses with superior visual function in all 12 of the baby cataract patients who received the procedure.‎ A congenital cataract- lens clouding that occurs at birth or shortly after- is important cause of blindness in children. In the new research, Kand Zhang, head of ophthalmic genetics at US San Diego’s Shiley Eye Institute, and his colleagues relied on the regrown potential of endogenous(同源的)stem cells.‎ According to Zhang, endogenous stem cells are different from other stem cells that are typically grown in a laboratory, transplanted into a patient, and can have risks of ‎ immune（免疫的）rejection, infection or cancers. Zhang told CBS News, “We invented a new operation to make a very small opening at the side of a cataractous lens bag, remove the cataract inside, allow the opening to heal, and promote potential lens stem cells to regrow an entirely new lens with vision.”‎ The human trial involved 12 babies under the age of 2 who were treated with the new method, while 25 babies received thee standard operation care.. The latter group experienced a higher incidence of pos- operation danger, early- onset eye high blood pressure and increased lens clouding. The scientists reported fewer complications and faster healing among the 12 babies who has the new procedure.‎ ‎8．What is the text mainly about?‎ A. The concept of the cataract B. A new cataract treatment with stem cells C. Bad effects of post-operation in the cataract D. The reasons why the cataract comes into being ‎9．Which of the following best describe the new cataract treatment according to the passage?‎ A. Convenient B. Comfortable C. Cheap D. Safe ‎10．What can we learn about the new cataract treatment?‎ A. It has more risks B. It may be used widely C. It has been put into practice widely D. It can only restore vision in babies ‎11．What does the underlined word “congenital” in the fourth paragraph mean?‎ A. Born B. Strange C. Serious D. Dangerous.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎8．B ‎9．D ‎10．B ‎11．A ‎【解析】本文介绍用干细胞治疗白内障的新方法。学*‎ ‎9．D 推理判断题。根据最后一段中The human trial involved 12 babies under the age of 2 who were treated with the new method,while 25 babies received the standard operation care. The scientists reported fewer complications and faster healing among the 12 babies who had the new procedure.可知新的治疗方法更安全。故选D。‎ ‎10．B 推理判断题。根据第一段Researchers in China and the United States have developed a new cataract（白内障）treatment with cells that has restored vision in babies in a trial and may eventually be used in adults.可知这种新的治疗白内障的方法可能被广泛地应用。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 利用上下文提供的情景和线索，进行合乎逻辑的综合分析进而推测词义。最常见的就是利用上下文语境、常识和语法关系推断词义。抓住所需推断词汇前后的“mean”或系动词或破折号等直接定义该词的部分。本题第4小题是词义猜测题。根据第四段中lens clouding that occurs at birth or shortly after—is a significant cause of blindness in children可知婴儿一出生就有白内障，所以划线词的意思应该是“天生的”，A项正确。‎ D ‎【全国百强校】山东省临沂市2016-2017学年高一下学期期末考试英语试题 What is success? I am not going to try to explain success. I think a precise meaning is impossible! Is it winning a Gold Medal at the Olympic Games or winning Wimbledon, or being awarded a Nobel Prize? What else? I believe personal success could be anything at all- it does not have to involve public recognition. Who is more successful? A millionaire who is unhappy, or an unnoticed person, who has led a simple, quiet, sincere and happy life? The simplest definition of success,‎ ‎ I think, is “to set out to do something and to succeed in doing it.‎ The first step on the road to success starts with belief. Believe you can succeed and you will. Achieving success in whatever endeavor(努力)you choose may be the goal of life; because it gives you freedom from worry. Could that be?‎ Success means different things to every one of us. Some people believe it is measured in financial term; others believe it is helping others rather than helping themselves. However, most people are motivated to a great extend by public recognition. How many people are really happy? How many people are really doing what they want to with their lives? Incidentally, to imagine makes us different from animals.‎ Most important of all, I believe success is a matter of personal growth. If every day you are developing or growing just a millimeter, I believe one is successful. Just being a slightly better person each day for me is success. I’ve got a very long way to go them!‎ Finally, always remember success is a process and is not simply a matter of arriving at a destination. It’s the journey that really matters. Success is what you become in the often very difficult and dangerous journey down the river of life.‎ ‎12．What is personal success according to the author?‎ A. Winning public recognition B. Being an unhappy millionaire C. Something impossible to define simply D. Succeeding in doing what you want ‎13．Which plays an important role in your success?‎ A. Intelligence B. Confidence C. Wealth D. Kindness ‎14．According to he text, humans are different from animals in_______.‎ A. belief B. freedom C. imagination D. success ‎15．What can be the best title for the text?‎ A. What is success ‎ B. No true success C. How to be successful ‎ D. Success is reaching a destination ‎【答案】‎ ‎12．D ‎13．B ‎14．C ‎15．A ‎【解析】成功是什么？本文诠释了它的定义。‎ ‎13．B 推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句The first step on the road to success starts with belief.Believe you can succeed and you will.可知成功的关键是“自信”。故选B。‎ ‎14．C 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句Incidentally,the ability to imagine makes us different from animals.可知人类与动物的最大区分就是想象力。故选C。‎ ‎15．A ‎【名师点睛】‎ 做推理判断题时，要抓住文章的主题和细节，分析文章结构，根据上下文内在联系，挖掘文章的深层含义。在进行推理时，考生一定要仔细阅读短文，千万不可脱离原文而仅凭个人的看法，主观臆断。本题第２小题推理判断题。根据第二段第一、二句The first step on the road to success starts with belief.Believe you can succeed and you will.可知成功的关键是“自信”。故选B。‎ 二、完形填空 ‎【全国省级联考word】湖南省五市十校教研教改共同体2016-2017学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题 ‎“I don, t feel right about this,” I said to one of my cousins in a low voice. She nodded ‎ in ______. Not wanting to be the first to touch the food, I waited for one of the older adults to start.‎ Thanksgiving usually meant ______ and full stomachs. However, this year was ______. My family sat around the dinner table ______ at our feast. Everyone had a full plate, everyone except Grandma. The treatment for throat cancer would ______ one of her great pleasures, eating. This was the first of many food-focused ______ to come. I could not imagine what it would be like to never taste ______ food again. My cousin Molly broke the ______ with a raise of her glass, “To Nat.” We all followed her lead. “Your ______ and strength encourage us all,” she continued. Grandma smiled, holding back her tears with great ______. “Thank you. Please, please eat.” And with that, we all began to eat. Conversation broke ______ around the room while Grandma laughed and talked with us all. Cancer would take away her ability to eat, but not the gift of being the best hostess. The evening went on as normal ______ do. By the time the night was over, I felt ______ to my family than ever before. I learned that we gather together on holidays not to eat a rich feast, but to ______ and share with one another. We ______ my Grandmother’s courage, but we all learned a lesson in grace. In the years following, my Grandma ______ to create meals for family events. She told me once with a laugh, “I may not be able to eat, but I can ______ taste things.” With a ______ heart, Grandma prepared what she could not have for the only purpose of making us ______. She inspired me to learn to cook and helped me find the ______ to make everything come together: love.‎ ‎16．A. excitement B. surprise C. satisfaction D. agreement ‎17．A. disappointment B. thoughts C. laughter D. sorrow ‎18．A. different B. popular C. same D. similar ‎19．A. glaring B. nodding C. joking D. staring ‎20．A. take away B. take in C. take up D. take down ‎21．A. plans B. dinners C. holidays D. action ‎22．A. delicious B. expensive C. cheap D. terrible ‎23．A. record B. rule C. dark D. silence ‎24．A. wish B. concern C. courage D. confidence ‎25．A. efforts B. effects C. relief D. patience ‎26．A. into B. up C. down D. cut ‎27．A. New Year’s Days B. Christmases C. Thanksgivings D. April Fool’s Days ‎28．A. farther B. closer C. happier D. stranger ‎29．A. apologize B. promise C. forgive D. support ‎30．A. remembered B. mentioned C. followed D. celebrated ‎31．A. decided B. continued C. hated D. started ‎32．A. still B. ever C. just D. even ‎33．A. selfless B. selfish C. anxious D. pitiful ‎34．A. sad B. happy C. surprised D. lovely ‎35．A. sign B. skill C. attitude D. secret ‎【答案】‎ ‎16．D ‎17．C ‎18．A ‎19．D ‎20．A ‎21．C ‎22．A ‎23．D ‎24．C ‎25．A ‎26．A ‎27．C ‎28．B ‎29．D ‎30．D ‎31．B ‎32．A ‎33．A ‎34．B ‎35．D ‎18．句意：然而今年是不同的。different 不同的， popular 受欢迎的，same 相同的恩，similar相似的。‎ ‎19．根据Everyone had a full plate, everyone except Grandma. 可知这里意思是我们一家人坐在餐桌旁看着我们的宴席。glaring 瞪着， nodding 点头， joking 开玩笑，staring盯着看。‎ ‎20．句意：喉癌的治疗带走了她的快乐之一，吃。take away 带走，take in 吸收，take up 拿起， take down记下。‎ ‎21．句意：这是第一次注视食物的假期的到来。plans 计划， dinners 宴会，holidays 假日， action行动。‎ ‎22．句意：我不能想象无法再品尝美味的食物的生活。delicious 美味的， expensive 昂贵的，cheap 便宜的，terrible可怕的。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎28．句意：我感觉比以前离我的家人更近了。farther 更远， closer 更近；happier 更快乐，stranger陌生人。‎ ‎29．句意：我明白了，我们节假日聚在一起不是为了吃一顿丰盛的大餐，而是家人之间彼此互相支持和分享。apologize 道歉， promise 许诺，forgive 原谅， support支持。‎ ‎30．句意：我们庆祝祖母的勇气，同时我们也学到了一课。remembered 记得，mentioned 提到，followed 跟着，celebrated庆祝。‎ ‎31．句意：下一年，我的祖母继续创造家庭事件的聚餐。decided 决定，continued 继续，hated 厌恶， started开始。‎ ‎32．句意：我不能吃，但是我仍然可以品尝事物。still 仍然，ever 曾经， just 仅仅，even甚至。‎ ‎33．根据Grandma prepared what she could not have for the only purpose of making us ___19___.可知祖母是没有私心的。selfless 无私的，selfish 自私的， anxious 渴望的，pitiful可怜的。‎ ‎34．句意：祖母准备这些不仅仅是为了让我们开心。sad 难过， happy 开心， surprised 惊奇， lovely可爱。‎ ‎35．句意：她鼓励我学习烹饪，并且帮助我找到了把所有事情凝聚在一起的秘密，那就是爱。sign 记号， skill 技能，attitude 态度， secret秘密。‎ 三、七选五 ‎【全国校级联考】河南省三门峡市重点中学2016-2017学年高一下学期期末统考英语试题 How to read more and learn more ‎ These days, more and more Chinese people enjoy sending and receiving message on the phone. It can help the to get the latest news and communicate with friends. But I think I should read more books besides the textbooks, the more, the better. It can broaden my mind and improve my language skills.36．Here are some tips for you.‎ Clear your purpose for reading ‎ 37．Most people read for two main reasons, pleasure or knowledge. Clearing about your reading purpose can not only help you choose the books you really need to read, but also remind you why reading the book is important to you, so you will keep reading and complete the book faster.‎ ‎ 38．‎ No matter what you are reading, it is important to enjoy what you read. Your friends may tell you the books they love, but those books might not necessarily be the ones you enjoy.‎ Give up books that you don’t enjoy You may have chosen books that you are interested in, and they are right to your purpose. But while you are reading them, there may still be some books that you don’t enjoy reading. Whenever you realize that you aren’t enjoying the book you are reading, give it up. 39．‎ Set a reading goal It is interesting that I read the books borrowed from libraries faster than those I bought. The reason is the books I bought don’t have a due date! I don’t need to return those books.40．Before you read each book, ask yourself what time you need to complete this book by.‎ A. Read only what you are interested in.‎ B. Read the books borrowed from others C. Remember reading shouldn’t be a chore D. Of course, it also can help me to get good grades E. We need to get the latest news and communicate with friends F. Before you start reading, ask yourself why you are reading this book G. Having a reading goal helps you work out how much reading you need to do in a week or even a day.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎36．D ‎37．F ‎38．A ‎39．C ‎40．G ‎【解析】本文主要讲述了在当今社会越来越多的人喜欢用手机收发信息。作者认我们更应该多读书，越多越好。读书能开阔我的视野，提高我们的语言能力。当然，它也可以帮助我取得好成绩。对于读书作者给了一些建议。‎ ‎36．D 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。本空前面讲述当今越来越多的人喜欢收发信息，这能让我们获得最新消息，与朋友交流。但作者认为应该多读书，书读的越多越好，读书能开阔我们的视野提高语言技能。当然也能帮助我们取得好成绩。因此D符合题意。‎ ‎38．A 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。不管你在读什么，享受你所读的东西是很重要的。你的朋友可能会告诉你他们喜欢的书，但那些书未必是你喜欢的书。从本段句意中可知，是要读你喜欢的书。故A符合题 意。‎ ‎39．C 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。句意：你可以选择了你感兴趣的书，符合你的阅读目的。但是当你阅读时，可能还有一些你不喜欢阅读的书。每当你意识到你不喜欢你正在读的书，就放弃它。从中可判断出读书不是小事，不喜欢的就放弃。chore,零星工作（尤指家常杂务;令人讨厌的或繁重的工作。在此指小事。‎ ‎40．G 考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。 本段的主题句是“Set a reading goal”而G项就有“Having a reading goal…”最后一句“Before you read each book, ask yourself what time you need to complete this book by.”由此可知G符合本题 。故选G。‎ 四、阅读填空 ‎2017年全国普通高等学校招生统一考试英语（全国1卷）‎ ‎41．阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界） a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.‎ Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even (bad), the amount ‎ of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food (be) full of fat and salt; by (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet.‎ Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, is not good for the health.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.as ‎ ‎ ‎7.is ‎8.eating ‎9.careful ‎10.which ‎【解析】‎ ‎1.考查介词。句意：这个做法最初是医学界作为一种对抗心脏病的形式开始的。as表示“做为，以...身份”，故填as。‎ ‎2.考查单复数。分析语境可知作者表达的意思是“一些不为人知的副作用”，根据前文的some可知“副作用side effect”有很多，故填effects。‎ ‎3.考查不定式。句意：他们被要求加工食物 require表示“要求”， require sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”，被动形式为“sb. be required to do sth.”，表示“某人被要求做某事”。故填to process。‎ ‎4.考查被动语态。句意：当脂肪和盐分从食物中被去掉 分析可知fat，salt和move之间是被动关系，脂肪和盐分是被人们去掉，所以用被动语态。故填are removed。‎ ‎9.考查形容词。句意：然而，注意不要走极端。分析语境可知be后面应该用形容词做表语，故填careful。‎ ‎10.考查非限制性定语从句。句意：很可能摄入过多的脂肪和盐，那对健康没有好处。分析可知which is not good for the health为非限制性定语从句，先行词为前文中的have too much of both“摄入过多的脂肪和盐”。故填which。‎ 五、书面表达 ‎【全国百强校】2016-2017学年江西省南昌市第十中学高二上学期期末考试英语试卷 ‎42．假如你是李雷。你的好友韩梅梅因不擅长与别人交流，感到非常痛苦。最近，她来信向你求助。请你根据一下提示给她写一封建议信，鼓励她走出困境。主要内容应包括：‎ ‎1.我们周围不擅长交流的人挺多的，劝她不必为此事苦恼；‎ ‎2.告诉她与别人有效地交流是很重要的。与她人搞好关系，可以有助于我们的学习，还能增加成功的机会；‎ ‎3.结合自身，给出合理的建议鼓励她走出困境。‎ 注意：1.字数：100字左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯。‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】‎ First of all, be honest and frank to those whom you talk to so as to be understood easily by others.‎ Second, be aware of what you want to say and express yourself clearly. What's more, you'd better try to understand others when they talk so that you can exchange ideas with them freely. ‎ I hope my advice will be of great help to you.‎ All the best.‎ Yours,‎ Li Lei ‎【解析】试题分析：‎ ‎ 题干中韩梅梅因不擅长与别人交流，感到非常痛苦，本文要求给好朋友韩梅梅写一封建议信，鼓励她走出困境。文章给出了提纲式汉语提示。成文时应注意以下几点：(1)内容要点齐全，完整叙述三方面主要内容。(2)人称：以第一人称和第二人称为主。(3)时态：一般现在时为主。(4)适当使用一些连词和插入语，使文章自然、流畅。(5)恰当使用一些高级词汇和句型，以增加文章的档次。‎ ‎【亮点说明】‎ ‎ ‎