自考本科学位英语试卷题型介绍 42页

自考本科学位英语试卷题型介绍 英语试卷为笔试，考试时间120分钟，卷面总分100分，包括以下题型：‎ 序号 题型 小题及题型 分值 共100分 完成时间 共120分钟 Part I Reading （阅读理解）‎ 共4篇阅读短文，每篇短文后有5道理解题，每题2分；客观选择题。‎ ‎40‎ ‎40分钟 Part II Vocabulary and Structure （词汇与结构）‎ 共30题，每题0.5分；客观选择题。‎ ‎15‎ ‎20分钟 Part III ‎ Cloze ‎ ‎(完形填空)‎ 共1篇短文，10小题，每题1分；‎ 或一篇短文，20小题，每题0.5分；客观选择题。‎ ‎10‎ ‎10分钟 Part IV Fill in the blanks ‎ ‎(选词填空)‎ 共10个句子，10个词汇供选择，每题1分；主观题。‎ ‎10‎ ‎10分钟 Part V Translation （翻译）‎ 要求将英语句子中的汉语部分翻译成英语，共5小题，每题2分；主观题。‎ ‎10‎ ‎10分钟 Part VI ‎ Writing (作文)‎ 根据给出的提纲写约120字的英语短文1篇；主观题。‎ ‎15‎ ‎30分钟 42‎ ‎ 自考本科学位英语模拟习题集 Part One: Reading Comprehension ‎ Passage 1:‎ Adam Smith was the first person to see the importance of the division of the labor. He gave us an example of the process by which pins were made in England. "One man draws out the wire, another strengthens it, a third cuts it, a fourth points it, and a fifth gives it a head. Just to make the head requires two or three different operations. The work of making pins is divided into about eighteen different operations, which in some factories are all performed by different people, though in others the same man will sometimes perform two or three of them. Ten men, Smith said, in this way, turned out twelve pounds of pins a day or about 4800 pins a worker. But if all of them had worked separately and independently without division of labor, they certainly could not have made twenty pins in a day and not even one.‎ There can be no doubt that division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work. Fewer people can make more pins. Adam Smith saw this, but he also took it for granted that division of labor is itself responsible for economic growth and development and it accounts for the difference between expanding economies and those that stand still. But division of labor adds nothing new, it only enables people to produce more of what they already have. ‎ ‎1. According to the passage, Adam Smith was the first person to__________‎ a. take advantage of the physical labor.‎ b. introduce the division of labor into England.‎ c. understand the effects of the division of labor.‎ d. explain the bad causes of the division of labor.‎ ‎2. Adam Smith saw that the division of labor__________. a. enabled each worker to design pins more quickly b. increased the possible output per worker c. increased the number of people employed in factories d. improved the quality of pins produced 3. Adam Smith mentioned the number 4800 in order to__________. a. show the advantages of the old labor system b. stress how powerful the individual worker was c. show the advantages of the division of labor d. stress the importance of increased production 42‎ ‎4. According to the writer, Adam Smith's mistake was in believing that the division of labor__________. a. was an efficient way of organizing work b. was an important development in methods of production c. finally led to economic development d. increased the production of existing goods ‎5. According to the writer, which one of the following is NOT tree? a. Division of labor can enable fewer people to make more pins. b. Division of labor helps people to produce more of what they already have. c. Division of labor is by no means responsible for economic growth. d. Division of labor is an efficient way of organizing work.‎ Passage 2 ‎ ‎ My husband and I got married in 1981 and for the first ten years of our marriage I was very happy to stay home and raise our three children. Then four years ago, our youngest child went to school and I thought I might go back to work.‎ ‎ My husband was very supportive and helped me to make my decision. He emphasized all of the things I can do around the house, and said he thought I could be a great success in business.‎ ‎ After several weeks of looking for a job, I found my present job, which is working for a small public relations firm. At first, my husband was very proud of me and would tell his friends, “My clever little wife can run that company she’s working for.”‎ ‎ But as his joking statement approached truth, my husband stopped talking to me about my job. I have received several promotions and pay increases, and I’m now making more money than he is. I can buy my own clothes and a new car. Because of our joined incomes, my husband and I can do many things we had always dreamed of doing, but we don’t do these things because he is very unhappy.‎ ‎ We fight about little things and my husband is very critical of me in front of our friends. For the first time in our marriage, I think it is possible that our marriage may come to an end. ‎ ‎ I love my husband very much, and I don’t want him to feel inferior, but I also love my job. I think I can be a good wife and a working woman, but I don’t know how. Who can give me some advice? Will I have to choose one or the other or can I keep both my husband and my new career?‎ ‎1. When was the passage most probably written?‎ a. In 1991‎ b. Around 1996‎ c. In 1981‎ d. Four years ago ‎ ‎2. The husband was supportive, for he _______.‎ a. praised her for all the housework she had done.‎ 42‎ b. took over what she used to do at home c. encouraged her d. made the decision for her ‎ ‎3. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?‎ a. It only took several days for her to find the job she is now doing.‎ b. For the first time since their marriage, the writer doesn’t think her husband is as kind as before.‎ c. Her husband stopped talking to her about her job when her career was approaching success. ‎ d. Her husband has been proud of her for every success she has won on the job. ‎ ‎4. As she was making more money, ______.‎ a. she did a lot of things she had dreamed of b. she found a gap taking place between them c. she could buy many clothes and a new house d. she was very critical of her husband ‎5. The difficult position a working woman is in is a choice between _____.‎ a. husband and friends b. career and pay c. children and work d. job and marriage ‎ Passage 3:‎ ‎ All of us communicate with one another nonverbally （不使用语言地）, as well as with words. Most of the time, we’re not aware that we’re doing it. We gesture with eyebrows or a hand, meet someone else’s eyes and look away, change positions in a chair. These actions we assume are occasional. However in recent years researchers have discovered that there is a system to them almost as consistent and understandable as language.‎ ‎ One important kind of body language is eye behavior. Americans are careful about how and when they meet one another’s eyes. In our normal conversation, each eye contact lasts only about a second before one or both of us look away. When two Americans look searchingly into each other’s eyes, they become more intimate. Therefore, we carefully avoid this, except in suitable situations. ‎ ‎ Researchers who are engaged in the study of communication through body movement are not prepared to spell out a precise vocabulary of gestures. When an American rubs his nose, it may mean he is disagreeing with someone or refusing something. But there are other possible interpretations (解释), too. Another example; when a student in conversation with a professor holds the older man’s eyes a little longer than is usual, it can be a sign of respect; it can be a challenge to the professor’s authority (权威); it can be something else entirely. The researchers look for patterns in the situation, not for a separate meaningful gesture. ‎ ‎ Communication between human beings would be just dull if it were all done with words. ‎ 1. The main idea of this article is that ________.‎ 42‎ a study of communication through body movement is a new science b body movements are as important as words in communication c all of us communicate with one another d eye behavior is the most important part in body language ‎ 1. What do researchers think of body language? ‎ a Body language can be understood and used by people in communication.‎ b Body language is more important than spoken language in communication.‎ c Body language has been discovered in recent years.‎ d Body language is the study of communication through body movement. ‎ 2. The word “intimate” in paragraph 2 probably means ________.‎ a. great ‎ b. close c. good d. important ‎ 3. According to the passage, you make an American person feel uncomfortable, if you ______________.‎ a. meet his eyes b. avoid meeting his eyes c. stare into his eyes for one second d. look into his eyes for a long time 4. The sentence “The researchers look for patterns in the situation, not for a separate meaningful gesture” means _________.‎ a. the researchers explain the meaning of a gesture according to the situation in which it is used b. the researchers believe that one gesture has only one meaning c. the researchers think that one gesture can not be used in different situations d. the researchers look for patterns in textbooks to explain the meaning of a gesture ‎ Passage 4:‎ ‎ I arrived in the United States on February 6, 1966, but I remember my first day here very clearly. My friend was waiting for me when my plane landed at Kennedy Airport at three o’clock in the afternoon. The weather was very cold and it was snowing, but I was too excited to mind. From the airport, my friend and I took a taxi to my hotel. On the way, I saw the skyline of Manhattan for the first time and I stared in astonishment at the famous skyscrapers and their man-made beauty. My friend helped me unpack at the hotel and then left me because he had to go back to work. He promised to return the next day.‎ ‎ Shortly after my friend had left, I went to a restaurant near the hotel to get something to eat. Because I couldn’t speak a word of English, I couldn’t tell the waiter what I wanted. I was very upset and started to make some gestures, but the waiter didn’t understand me. Finally, I ordered the same thing the man at the next table was eating. After dinner, I started to walk along Broadway until I came to Times Square with its movie theatres, neon lights, and huge crowds of people. I did not feel ‎ 42‎ tired, so I continued to walk around the city. I wanted to see everything on my first day. I knew it was impossible, but I wanted to try.‎ ‎ When I returned to the hotel, I was tired, but I couldn’t sleep because I kept hearing the fire and police sirens during the night. I lay awake and thought about New York. It was a very big and interesting city with many tall buildings and big cars, and full of noise and busy people. I also decided right then that I had to learn to speak English. ‎ ‎1 On the way to his hotel, the writer _________.‎ ‎ a. was silent all the time ‎ b. kept talking to his friend ‎ c. looked out of the window with great interest ‎ d. showed his friend something he brought with him ‎2 He went to ________ to get something to eat.‎ ‎ a. a tea house ‎ b. a pub ‎ c. a café room ‎ d. a nearby restaurant ‎ ‎3 He did not have what he really wanted, because ______.‎ ‎ a. he only made some gestures ‎ b. he did not order at all ‎ c. he could not make himself understood ‎ d. the waiter was unwilling to serve ‎ ‎4 The waiter _________.‎ ‎ a. knew what he would order ‎ b. finally understood what he said ‎ c. took the order through his gestures ‎ d. served the same thing the man at the next table was having ‎ ‎5 After dinner, he ________.‎ ‎ a. walked back to the hotel right away ‎ b. had a walking tour about the city ‎ c. went to the movies ‎ ‎ d. did some shopping on Broadway ‎ Passage 5‎ ‎ Alfred Nobel, the Swedish inventor and industrialist, was a man of many contrasts. He was the son of a bankrupt, but became a millionaire; a scientist with a love of literature, an industrialist who managed to remain an idealist. He made a fortune but lived a simple life, and although cheerful in company he was often sad in private. A lover of mankind, he never had a wife or family to love him; a patriotic son of his native land, he died alone on foreign soil. He invented a new explosive, dynamite, to improve the peacetime industries of mining and road building, but saw it used as a weapon of war to kill and injure his fellow men. During his useful life he often felt he was useless: “Alfred Nobel,” he once wrote to himself,“ought to have been put to death by a kind doctor as soon as, with a cry, he entered the world”World-famous for his works he was never personally well known, for throughout his ‎ 42‎ life he avoided publicity. “I don’t see,” he once said, “that I have deserved any fame and I have no taste for it,” but since his death his name has brought fame and glory to others.‎ He was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833 but moved to Russia with his parents in 1842, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Noble invented the landmine and made a lot of money from government orders for it during the Crimean War, but went bankrupt soon after. Most of the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred rejoined them in 1863, beginning his own study of explosive in his father’s laboratory. He had never been to school or university but had studied privately and by the time he was twenty was a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian, German, French and English. Like his father, Alfred Noble was imaginative and inventive, but he had better luck in business and showed more financial sense. He was quick to see industrial openings for his scientific inventions and built up over 80 companies in 20 different countries. Indeed his greatness lay in his outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with those of a forward –looking industrialist. ‎ But Nobel’s main concern was never with making money or even with making scientific discoveries. Seldom happy, he was always searching for a meaning to life, and from his youth had taken a serious interest in literature and philosophy. Perhaps because he could not find ordinary human love---he never married---he came to care deeply about the whole of mankind. He was always generous to the poor:“I’d rather take care of the stomachs of the living than the glory of the dead in the form of stone memorials,”he once said. His greatest wish, however, was to see an end to wars, and thus peace between nations, and he spent much time and money working for this cause until his death in Italy in 1896. His famous will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding work in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology, Medicine, Literature and Peace, is a memorial to his interests and ideals. And so, the man who felt he should have died at birth is remembered and respected long after his death.‎ ‎1. According to the author, scientists usually a. take a serious interest in literature.‎ b. take a serious interest in literature as well as in science.‎ c. take no serious interest in literature. ‎ ‎2. The expression “have no taste for ”means a. don’t like b. try to avoid c. have no ability to enjoy ‎3. From the context we can guess that a “linguist” must be a. an inventor in the engineering industry.‎ b. a scientist with a talent for language learning.‎ c. a person who studies and is good at foreign languages. ‎ ‎4. Alfred Noble stood head and shoulders above others because ‎ a. he had a rich father.‎ b. he had never married and he had enough time to work.‎ 42‎ c. as a scientist he was imaginative and inventive and as an industrialist he showed prudent judgment and great foresight.‎ ‎5. “I’d rather take care of the stomachs of the living than the glory of the dead in the form of stone memorials.” The implication of this statement is a. we should honor the dead in some other way rather than by building stone monuments for them.‎ b. rather than spend money and make efforts in building monuments in memory of the dead, we should do something to provide more food for the living.‎ c. when we are planning to build monuments to honor the dead, we should also make real efforts to provide the living with more food.‎ Passage 6‎ I live in the land of Disney, Hollywood and year-round –sun. You may think people in such a glamorous, fun-filled place are happier than others. If so, you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness.‎ Many intelligent people still equate happiness with fun. The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common. Fun is what we experience during an act. Happiness is what we experience after an act. It is a deeper, more abiding emotion. ‎ Going to an amusement park or a ball game, watching a movie or television, are fun activities that help us relax, temporarily forget our problems and maybe even laugh. But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends.‎ I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun. These rich, beautiful individuals have constant access to glamorous parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells “happiness”. But in memoir after memoir, celebrities reveal the unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages, troubled children, and profound loneliness. ‎ Yet people continue to believe that the next, more glamorous party, more expensive car, more luxurious vacation, fancier home will do what all the other parties, cars, vacations, homes have not been able to do.‎ The way people cling to the belief that a fun-filled, pain-free life equals happiness actually diminishes their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equated with happiness, then pain must be equated with unhappiness. But, in fact, the opposite is true: More times than not, things that lead to happiness involve some pain. ‎ As a result, many people avoid the very endeavors that are the source of true happiness. The fear the pain inevitably brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment, civic or charitable work, self-improvement.‎ Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he’s honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, and excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most 42‎ ‎ distinguishing features.‎ Similarly, couples who choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness. They can dine out whenever they want and sleep as late as they want. Couples with infant children are luck to get a whole night’s sleep or a three-day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children.‎ But couples who decide not to have children never experience the pleasure of hugging them or tucking them into bed at night. They never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.‎ Of course I enjoy doing fun things. I like to play racquetball, joke with kids (and anybody else), and I probably have too many hobbies.‎ But these forms of fun do not contribute in the any real way to my happiness. More difficult endeavors ------ writing, raising children, creating a deep relationship with my wife, trying to do good in the world ----- will bring me more happiness than can ever be found in fun, that least permanent of things.‎ Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations we can ever come to. It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those rich and glamorous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.‎ The moment we understand that fun does not bring happiness, we begin to lead our lives differently. The effect can be, quite literally, life-transforming. ‎ ‎1. It is a mistake to think that ________.‎ a. people in Disney, Hollywood, are enjoying greater fun than others b. people having year-round sun are happier than people elsewhere ‎ c. fun is essentially the same as happiness ‎ d. intelligent people are happier than others ‎ ‎2. Which of the following is true?‎ a. Happiness is enduring whereas fun is short-lived b. Fun creates long-lasting satisfaction. ‎ c. Fun provides enjoyment while pain leads to happiness.‎ d. Fun that is long-standing may lead to happiness.‎ ‎3. In the author’s opinion, marriage _______.‎ a. affords greater fun b. leads to raising children c. ends in pain ‎ d. implies commitment ‎4. If one knows the true sense of happiness, he will________.‎ a. stop playing games and joking with others ‎ b. make the best use of his time increasing happiness ‎ c. give a free hand to money ‎ d. keep himself with his family 42‎ ‎5. As the result of a mistaken idea about happiness, one_______.‎ a. easily gets annoyed with his wife b. finds fun the least permanent of things ‎ c. tends to prefer leisure to work d. busily engages himself in too many hobbies Passage 7‎ Diana Golden was 12 years old when she found out she had cancer. She was walking home one day after playing in the snow when her right leg simply gave out. Doctors diagnosed the problem as bone cancer. They recommended removing her leg above the knee.‎ When Diana heard the news, she asked the first question that came into her mind. “Will I still be able to ski?”‎ ‎“When the doctors said “yes’”, she later recalled “I figured it wouldn’t be too bad.” That attitude was characteristic of Diana’s outlook of life. Losing a leg would cause most children to lose confidence and hope, but Diana refused to dwell on the negative. “Losing a leg?” she’d say, “it’s noting. A body part.” Most of all, Diana didn’t want to let cancer stop her from doing what she loved. And what she loved was skiing. Diana had been on skis since the age of five. Her home in Lincoln, Massachusetts, was just a couple of hours from New Hampshire’s Cannon Mountain. After the operation, Diana worked hard to get back to the mountain. “I always skied, and I intended to keep on skiing. There was never any question in my mind about that,” she declared. Seven months after losing her leg, Diana met her goal. She was back out on the slopes.‎ Skiing wasn’t quite the same with just one leg, but Diana made the best of it. She learned to go faster on one leg than most people could go on two. In high school, Diana became a member of her school’s ski racing team. And in 1979, when she was just 17, she became a member of the U.S. Disabled Ski Team.‎ After high school, Diana Golden went on to Dartmouth College. There she saw how top two-legged skiers trained. Determined not to be left behind, Diana began training with the Dartmouth team. When they ran round the track, she followed them on crutches. When they ran up and down the steps of the football stadium, she went up and down the steps too---by hopping. “I had to adapt,” she later explained. “I was an athlete. I had one leg, which meant I had to do it differently.”‎ In 1982, Diana entered her first international ski race. She went to the World Handicapped Championships in Norway, where she won the downhill competition. In 1986, Diana won the Beck Award, which is given to the best American racer in international skiing. The next year, she placed 10th in a race against some of the best non-disabled skiers in the country. And in 1988, she was named Ski Racing magazine’s U.S. Female Skier of the year.‎ As a result of her courage and determination, Diana has changed the way the world looks at disabled athletes. People have begun to see them as strong and competent. “Everyone has some kind of “disability”,” Diana says. “It is what we do with our abilities that matters.”‎ 42‎ In 1990, Diana retired from racing for good.‎ ‎1 When Diana lost her leg, she was_________.‎ a. very discouraged.‎ b. quite unhappy c. still optimistic d. unaffected.‎ ‎2. In 1986, Diana won the Beck Award, which is given to the best American__________.‎ a. disabled skier b. woman skier c. racer in international skiing. d. Olympic skiing champion ‎3. The author probably wrote this passage to ______.‎ a. inform you about disabled skiers b. inspire you with Diana’s courage c. describe the events in international ski competitions.‎ d. tell about the disadvantages of being a disabled skier.‎ ‎4. Which sentence below correctly restates the following: “determined not to be left behind, Diana began training with the Dartmouth team.”‎ a. Diana began training so she could make the Dartmouth team.‎ b. Diana trained with the Dartmouth team so she wouldn’t finish last in her races.‎ c. Diana wanted to keep up, so she trained with the Dartmouth team.‎ d. Diana wanted to be as good as the Dartmouth team so she trained with the team.‎ ‎5. Which of the following is the best summary of the passage?‎ a. After Diana lost a leg to cancer, she learned to ski on one leg.‎ b. After losing a leg to cancer, Diana trained hard and won an Olympic gold medal.‎ c. After Diana lost a leg to cancer, she was still competent in many sport events.‎ d. After losing a leg to cancer, Diana worked hard to become a champion skier and a respected athlete.‎ Passage 8‎ Several years ago my parents, my wife, my son, and I ate at one of those restaurants where the menu is written on a blackboard. After a wonderful dinner, the waiter set the bill in the middle of the table. That’s when it happened: my father did not reach for the bill.‎ Conversation continued. Finally it dawned on me. I was supposed to pick up the bill! After hundreds of restaurant meals with my parents, after a lifetime of thinking of my father as the one who had the money, it had all changed. I reached for the check, and my view of myself was suddenly altered. I was an adult.‎ Some people mark off their lives in years; I measure mine in small events—in rites of my passage. I did not become a young man at a particular age, like 13, but rather when a kid walked into the store where I worked and called my “mister”. He repeated it several times, looking straight at me. The realization hit like a punch: Me! I was suddenly a mister. There have been other milestones. The cops of my youth always 42‎ ‎ seemed big, even huge, and of course they were older than I was. Then one day they were suddenly neither. In fact, some were kids—short kids at that. The day came when I suddenly realized that all the football players in the game I was watching were younger than I was. They were just big kids. With that milestone went the dream that someday, maybe, I too could be a football player. Without ever having reached the bill, I was over it.‎ I never thought that I would fall asleep in front of the television set as my father did. Now it’s what I do best. I never thought that I would go to the beach and not swim. Yet I spent all of August at the seaside and never once went into the ocean. I never thought that I would like opera, but now the sadness and combination of voice and orchestra appeal to me. I never thought that I would prefer to stay home at evenings, but now I find myself passing up parties. I used to think that people who watched birds were strange, but this summer I found myself watching them, and maybe I’ll get a book on the subject. I long for a religious conviction that I never thought I’d want, and in arguments with my son, I repeat what my father used to say to me. I still lose.‎ One day I bought a house. One day — what a day! — I became a father, and not too long after that I picked up the bill for my own father. I thought then it was a rite of passage for me. But one day, when I was a little older, I realized it was one for him too. Another milestone.‎ ‎1. When the young man picked up the bill and paid it ________. ‎ a. he felt that his father should have paid it.‎ b. he was glad to have the chance to pay the bill for once.‎ c. he realized he was now an adult.‎ d. his father said he would pay it as he usually did so.‎ ‎2. The man marked off his life not by the passing years but by________.‎ a. comparing himself with other people.‎ b. certain meaningful events.‎ c. counting the milestones of the past.‎ d. recalling events of the past.‎ ‎3. When the writer was young __________.‎ a. he looked forward to the day when he would be like his father.‎ b. it seemed to him that the policemen were big and tall.‎ c. he felt bird watching was an interesting hobby.‎ d. he couldn’t understand why his father fell asleep while watching TV.‎ ‎4. Why didn’t the writer go swimming while he was at the beach in August?‎ a. Because he liked going to the opera.‎ b. Because he preferred to watch birds.‎ c. Because he was not young anymore.‎ d. Because he did not know how to swim.‎ ‎5. When the writer argued with his son ________.‎ a. he used the same reasons as his father did.‎ b. he always succeeded in winning the argument.‎ 42‎ c. he sometimes managed to persuade his son to agree with him.‎ d. he seldom succeeded in winning.‎ Passage 9‎ ‎ Americans are proud of their variety and individuality, yet they love and respect few things more than a uniform, whether it is the uniform of an elevator operator or the uniform of a five-star general. Why are uniforms so popular in the United States?‎ ‎ Among the arguments for uniforms, one of the first is that in the eyes of most people they look more professional than civilian (百姓的) clothes. People have become conditioned to expect superior quality from a man who wears a uniform. The television repairman who wears a uniform tends to inspire more trust than one who appears in civilian clothes. Faith in the skill of a garage mechanic is increased by a uniform. What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose professional identity than to step out of uniform? ‎ ‎ Uniforms also have many practical benefits. They save on other clothes. They save on laundry bills. They are tax-deductible （可减税的）. They are often more comfortable and more durable than civilian clothes. ‎ ‎ Among the arguments against uniforms is their lack of variety and the consequent loss of individuality. Though there are many types of uniforms, the wearer of any particular type is generally stuck with it, without change, until retirement. When people look alike, they tend to think, speak, and act similarly, on the job at least. ‎ ‎ Uniforms also give rise to some practical problems. Though they are long-lasting, often their initial expense is greater than the cost of civilian clothes. Some uniforms are also expensive to maintain, requiring professional dry cleaning rather than the home laundering possible with many types of civilian clothes. ‎ ‎1 It is surprising that Americans who worship variety and individuality ____.‎ ‎ a. still judge a man by his clothes ‎ b. hold the uniform in such high regard.‎ ‎ c. enjoy having a professional identity ‎ ‎ d. will respect an elevator operator as much as a general in uniform ‎ ‎2 People are accustomed to think that a man in uniform ____.‎ ‎ a. suggests quality work ‎ b. discards his social identity ‎ c. appears to be more practical ‎ d. looks superior to a person in civilian clothes ‎3 The chief function of a uniform is to _____.‎ ‎ a. provide practical benefits to the wearer ‎ b. make the wearer catch the public eye ‎ c. inspire the wearer’s confidence in himself ‎ d. provide the wearer with a professional identity ‎4 According to the passage, people wearing uniforms ______‎ ‎ a. are usually helpful ‎ b. have little or no individual freedom ‎ c. tend to lose their individuality 42‎ ‎ d. enjoy greater popularity ‎5 The best title for this passage would be ____.‎ ‎ a. Uniforms and Society ‎ ‎ b. The Importance of Wearing a Uniform ‎ c. Practical Benefits of Wearing a Uniform ‎ d. Advantages and Disadvantages of Uniforms ‎ Passage 10‎ Many a young person tells me he wants to be a writer. I always encourage such people, but I also explain that there's a big difference between "being a writer" and writing. In most cases these individuals are dreaming of wealth and fame, not the long hours alone at a typewriter. "You've got to want to write, " I say to them, "not want to be a writer". 　　The reality is that writing is a lonely, private and poor-paying affair. For every writer kissed by fortune there are thousands more whose longing is never rewarded. When I left a 20-year career in the U.S. Coat Guard to become　a freelance writer , I had no prospects at all . What I did have was a friend who found me my room in a New York apartment building. It didn't even matter that it was cold and had no bathroom. I immediately bought a used manual typewriter and felt like a genuine writer. 　　After a year or so, however, I still hadn't gotten a break and began to doubt myself. It was so hard to sell a story that barely made enough to eat. But I knew I wanted to write, I had dreamed about it for years . I wasn't going to be one of those people who die wondering, What if? I would keep putting my dream to the test-even though it meant　living with uncertainty and fear of failure. This is the Shadowland of hope, and anyone with a dream must learn to live there.‎ ‎1. The passage is meant to ______.‎ ‎　 a. warn young people of the hardships that a successful writer has to experience 　 b. advise young people to give up their idea of becoming a professional writer 　 c. show young people it's unrealistic for a writer to pursue wealth and fame 　 d. encourage young people to pursue a writing career ‎ ‎2. What can be concluded from the passage?‎ ‎　 a. Genuine writers often find their work interesting and rewarding. 　 b. A writer's success depends on luck rather than on effort. 　 c. Famous writers usually live in poverty and isolation. 　 d. The chances for a writer to become successful are small. ‎ ‎3. Why did the author begin to doubt himself after the first year of his writing career?‎ a. He wasn't able to produce a single book. ‎ b. He hadn't seen a change for the better. ‎ ‎ c. He wasn't able to have a rest for a whole year. ‎ d. He wanted to give up writing. ‎ ‎4."...people who die wondering, What if?"(Line3, Para.3) refers to "those ______".‎ a. who think too much of the dark side of life ‎ 42‎ b. who regret giving up their career halfway ‎ c. who think a lot without making a decision ‎ d. who are full of imagination even upon death ‎ ‎5. "Shadowland" in the last sentence refers to ________.‎ a. the wonderland one often dreams about ‎ b. the bright future that one is looking forward to ‎ c. the state of uncertainty before one's final goal is reached ‎ d. a world that exists only in one's imagination ‎ Passage 11‎ Most people would agree that, although our age exceeds all previous ages in knowledge, there has been no corresponding increase in wisdom. But agreement ceases as soon as we attempt to define “wisdom” and consider means of promoting it.   There are several factors that contribute to wisdom. Of them I should put first a sense of proportion: the capacity to take account of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight. This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent and complexity of the special knowledge required of various kinds of technicians. Suppose, for example, that you are engaged in research in scientific medicine. The work is difficult and is likely to absorb the whole of your mind. You have no time to consider the effect which your discoveries or inventions may have outside the field of medicine. You succeed (let us say) as modern medicine has succeeded, in enormously lowering the infant death-rate, not only in Europe and America, but also in Asia and Africa. This has the entirely unintended result of making the food supply inadequate and lowering the standard of life in the parts of the world that have the greatest populations. To take an even more dramatic example, which is in everybody’s mind at the present time; you study the makeup of the atom from a disinterested（无利害关系的）desire for knowledge, and by chance place in the hands of a powerful mad man the means of destroying the human race.   Therefore, with every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom becomes more necessary, for every such increase augments（增强）our capacity for realizing our purposes, and therefore augments our capacity for evil, if our purposes are unwise. 1. Disagreement arises when people try to decide _________.   a. how much more wisdom we have now than before. ‎ b. whether wisdom can be developed or not..   c. if there is a great increase of wisdom in our age. ‎ d. what wisdom is and how to develop it 2. According to the author, “wisdom” is the ability to ___________.   a. carefully consider the bad effects any kind of research work   b. give each important problem some careful consideration c. acquire a great deal of complex and special knowledge   d. give suitable consideration to all the possible elements in a problem 3. Lowering the infant death-rate may ________. a. cause food shortages in Asia and Africa ‎ 42‎ b. give rise to an increase in population in Europe. c. prove to be helpful everywhere in the world d. raise the living standard of the people in Africa. 4. The author uses the examples in the passage to illustrate his point that _________.  a. it’s unwise to be totally absorbed in research in scientific medicine b. scientists may unknowingly cause destruction to the human race c. it’s extremely difficult to consider all the important elements in problem.   d. success in medical research has its negative effects 5. What is the main idea of the passage? a. It is unwise to place the results of scientific research in the hands of a powerful mad man. b. The more knowledge one has, the wiser one becomes. c. Any increase of knowledge could lead to disastrous results without the guidance of wisdom. d. Wisdom increases in proportion to one’s age ‎ Passage 12‎ Liz was working in a factory in New York City. She moved there a few years ago. She had grown up in a small town with a few people. She liked her home town. It was quiet. The only noise was the sound of singing birds, and she was used to hearing that sound in the morning. Whenever she looked up into the sky she could see it clearly. In New York, things were different. The city was full of surprises. There were many tall buildings; she could not even see the sky. The streets were always full of all kinds of cars, big and small. They often made strange noises, and she was usually awakened by the sound of these cars late at night.‎ In her home town, Liz knew almost everyone. New York had a lot of people, but all of them were strangers. Many of them did not seem very friendly.‎ Liz’s home town was very clean, but the streets in New York were always dirty. People threw litter on the streets and did not seem to care. The subway was dirty too. The first time Liz rode the subway, she was frightened by the noise and by so many people. She did not like the subway, but it could take her anywhere in the city. Besides, it was usually dangerous at night. Liz stayed in her room and cried on her first night in New York.‎ After a few weeks Liz began to make friends, and she also began to see the city in a different way. She met people from all over the world. They had come to New York to make a new life for themselves. She met many people during these years and some of them were more interesting than the people in her home town.‎ Liz also knew there were many new things to do in a large city. She could go to a different movie or a play every night, and some of them were free. She lived in a place not very far from a little restaurant. There, she could sometimes try food from different countries. All kinds of wonderful and useful things were quite cheap in the stores. Of course Liz did not have enough money to buy many things, but even window shopping in New York was fun.‎ Liz had not forgotten many of the good things in her home town, and she missed ‎ 42‎ her parents very much, but by now she liked New York too. Life was hard for her; she had to work very hard every day. But the city was full of excitement and opportunity. Now she knew why people called New York City “The Big Apple”.‎ ‎1 Liz went to New York City as a ___________.‎ ‎ a. worker ‎ b. student ‎ c. teacher ‎ d. visitor ‎2 Liz did not like New York at first, because________.‎ ‎ a. she could not find a job ‎ b. there were too many people ‎ c. things were too expensive ‎ d. many people did not seem friendly ‎3 Liz usually travelled by ___________.‎ ‎ a. bicycle ‎ b. subway ‎ c. bus ‎ ‎ d. car ‎ ‎4 Many people came to New York to ________.‎ ‎ a. see the big apple ‎ b. start a new life ‎ c. ride the subway ‎ d. meet strangers ‎5 Liz lived somewhere __________.‎ ‎ a. far from the factory ‎ b. far from the city ‎ c. near her factory ‎ d. near a restaurant ‎ Passage 13‎ Some people find it is difficult to get up early in the morning? Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful? This might be called laziness, but Dr. Kleitman has a new explanation. He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle. 　　During the hours when you labor through your work you may say that you're "hot". That's true. The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak. For some　people the peak comes during the forenoon. For others it comes in the afternoon or evening. No one has discovered why this is so , but it leads to such familiar monologues as : "Get up, John! You'll be late for work again! "The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and -energy peak in the evening. Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean, and which cycle each member of the family has. 　　You can't change your energy cycle, but you can learn to make your life fit it ‎ 42‎ better. Habit can help, Dr. Kleitman believes. Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway. Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to .If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day, rise before your usual hour. This won't change your cycle, but you'll ‎ get up steam and work better at your low point. 　　Get off to a slow start, which saves your energy. Get up with a leisurely yawn and stretch. Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor. Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before. Whenever possible, do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy or concentration for your sharper hours.‎ ‎1. If a person finds getting up early a problem, most probably _______.‎ ‎　 A) he is a lazy person 　 　　 ‎ B) he feels energetic in the afternoon or evening C) he is not sure when his energy is low ‎ D) he is good at controlling other things.‎ ‎2. Which of the following may lead to family quarrels according to the passage?‎ ‎　 A) Unawareness of energy cycles. 　 　‎ ‎ B) Familiar monologues. 　 C) A change in a family member's energy cycle. 　 D) Attempts to control the energy cycle of other family members. ‎ ‎3. If one wants to work more efficiently at his how point in the morning, he should _____.‎ ‎　 A) change his energy cycle B) overcome his laziness 　 C) get up earlier than usual D) go to bed earlier ‎ ‎4. You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will _____.‎ A) help you to control your temper early in the day ‎ B) help to keep your energy for the day's work 　‎ C) enable you to concentrate on your routine work ‎ D) keep your energy cycle under control all day ‎ ‎5. Which of the following is the best title of the passage? ‎ A) The Early Bird Catches the ‎Worms B) Never too early to work C) The Energy Cycle of Human Body D) How to Save Your Energy Passage 14‎ ‎ With so many scientists devoted to earthquake study, there are very few “unknowns” about these powerful forces of nature. But only one crucial piece of information is missing: how to predict them. The ability to predict earthquakes would forever change their impact on the world. Two scientists may be one step closer to that goal.‎ According to Andrew Freed and Jian Lin, the two largest quakes to hit Southern California in the last 10 years may have been connected. The 1992 Landers ‎ 42‎ earthquake and 1999 Hector Mine earthquake occurred on neighboring faults about 12 miles from each other. Many large earthquakes cause aftershocks------tremors （震动） that occur for several weeks or months after the initial quake. But aftershocks generally grow weaker over time and eventually disappear. Other scientists do not believe the Hector Mine earthquake was an aftershock of the Landers quake.‎ Freed and Lin propose that a build-up of stress in the earth’s upper crust after the Landers earthquake may have caused the Hector Mine earthquake seven years later. If they are correct, then scientists may be able to monitor stress levels in the earth’ crust after an earthquake to help predict future quakes.‎ Big earthquakes induce a large amount of stress on the earth’s lower crust. However, the earth’s crust is made of a viscoelastic（黏弹性的）material, which means that it cannot sustain stress for longer periods of time. Under Freed and Lin’s theory, the upper and lower parts of the crust deform separately under quake-induced stress. Eventually the lower-crust stress slowly moves into the upper crust and can cause another quake in the same region.‎ In their Nature report, Freed and Lin use a stress model to illustrate the effects of Landers on the Hector Mine quake, and also the predicted stress effect on other faults in Southern California, including the San Andreas fault. To expand this tool for use in all earthquakes, however, more information is needed. Precise data on the viscosities（黏质）of the upper and lower mantles （地幔）are needed, according to the study.‎ ‎1. What is the passage mainly about?‎ ‎ A. The great devotion to earthquake study.‎ ‎ B. The possible progress in earthquake prediction.‎ ‎ C. The historical study in earthquake cases.‎ ‎ D. The precise data in earthquake connections.‎ ‎2. According to Freed and Lin, the 1992 Landers earthquake and the 1999 hector Mine earthquake may have been connected, because___________.‎ ‎ A. the time between the two earthquakes was very short ‎ B. the distance between the two places was quite near ‎ C. the former might be the cause of the latter ‎ D. the two earthquakes happened on the same fault ‎3. Freed and Lin’s theory is_____________.‎ ‎ A. focused on the stress level for earthquake prediction ‎ B. acceptable to most the scientists ‎ C. regarded as an impact on the world ‎ D. applicable to all earthquakes ‎4. Freed and Lin believe that aftershocks ____________.‎ ‎ A. gradually become weaker and disappear in general ‎ ‎ B. are the result of the increasing stress after the first earthquake ‎ C. may happen several years prior to the initial earthquake ‎ D. both B and C ‎5. Which of the following is not true according to the passage?‎ ‎ A. Very few remains mysterious about earthquake except for its prediction.‎ 42‎ ‎ B. Quake-induced stress first forms in the lower crust of the earth C. Freed and Lin published their report in the magazine of Nature.‎ D. Freed and Lin’s stress model helped predict the San Andreas earthquake.‎ Passage 15‎ ‎ Marriage is still a popular institution in the United States, but divorce is becoming almost as “popular”. Most American people get married, but at the present time fifty percent of American marriages end up in divorce. However, four out of five divorced people do not stay single. They get married a second time to new partners. Sociologists tell us that in the next century, most American people will marry three or four times in one lifetime. Alvin Toffler, an American sociologist, calls this new social form serial marriages. In his book Future Shock, Toffler gives many reasons for this change in American marriage. In modern society, people’s lives don’t stay the same for very long. Americans frequently change their jobs, their homes, and their circle of friends. So the person who was a good husband or wife ten years ago is sometimes not as good ten years later. After some years of marriage, a husband or wife can feel that their lives have become very different, and they don’t share the same interests any more. For this reason Toffler says, people in the twenty-first century will not plan to marry only one person for an entire lifetime. They will plan to stay married to one person for perhaps five or ten years, and then marry another. Most Americans will expect to have a “marriage career” that includes three or four marriages.‎ 1. The word “institution” (Line 1) most probably means ________.‎ a. a social practice b. a social organization c. a state law d. an established habit 2. In the United States___________.‎ a. marriage is less popular than divorce now b. remaining single is becoming more and more popular now c. divorce is as popular as it was d. remarriage is getting more popular now 3. The percentage of remarriage among divorced Americans is _______.‎ a. fifty percent b. eighty percent c. forty percent d. ninety percent 4. One of the reasons for the change in American marriages is _________.‎ a. difference in interests b. difference in making friends c. difference in choosing jobs d. difference in family background 5. In the twenty-first century, American’s attitude towards remarried people will be ________.‎ 42‎ a. suspicious ‎ b. critical ‎ c. fussy d. approving ‎ Passage 16‎  People tend to be more impressed by evidence that seems to confirm some relationship. Thus many are convinced their dreams are prophetic because a few have come true; they fail to notice the many that have not. ‎ Consider also the belief that "the phone always rings when I'm in the shower." If it does ring while you are in the shower, the event will stand out and be remembered. If it doesn't ring, that nonevent probably won't even register. People want to see order, pattern and meaning in the world. Consider, for example, the common belief that things like personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths "happen in threes." Such beliefs stem from the tendency of people to allow the third event to define the time period. If three plane crashes occur in a month, then the period of time that counts as their "happening together" is one month; if three crashes occur in a year, the period of time is stretched. Flexible end points reinforce such beliefs. We also tend to believe what we want to believe. A majority of people think they are more intelligent, more fair-minded and more skilled behind the wheel of an automobile than the average person. Part of the reason we view ourselves so favorably is that we use criteria that work to our advantage. As economist Thomas Schelling explains, "Everybody ranks himself high in qualities he values: careful drivers give weight to care, skilled drivers give weight to skill, and those who are polite give weight to courtesy, " This way everyone ranks high on his own scale. Perhaps the most important mental habit we can learn is to be cautious in drawing conclusions. The "evidence" of everyday life is sometimes misleading.  ‎1. In the first paragraph the author states that ____ .  A dreams are prophetic because some of them did come true  B dreams cannot be said to be prophetic even though a few have come true.‎ C dreams may come true if clearly remembered. D dreams and reality are closely related.‎ ‎2. By "things like ..." "happen in threes" (Para. 3, Line 2), the author indicates that people believe ____ . A personal misfortunes tend to happen every now and then. B personal misfortunes, plane crashes, and deaths usually happen together. C misfortunes tend to occur according to certain patterns. D misfortunes will never occur more than three times to a person in his lifetime.‎ ‎3. The word "courtesy" (Para. 4, line 6) probably means ____. A good manners. B appropriate speech.  C friendly relations. D satisfactory service. ‎ 42‎ ‎ 4. What can be inferred from the passage? ____  A Happenings that go unnoticed deserve more attention.  B In a series of misfortunes the third one is usually the most serious.  C People tend to make use of evidence that supports their own beliefs.  D Believers of misfortunes happening in threes are cautious in interpreting events. 5. It can be concluded from the passage that ____ .  A there is some truth even in the wildest dreams.  B one should take notice of other people's merits.  C we should not base our conclusions on accidental evidence.  D there is no order or pattern in world events.‎ Passage 17‎ ‎ To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor: you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasing voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.‎ ‎ Watch a good teacher and you will see that he does not sit motionless before his class: he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings. Listen to him, and you will hear the loudness, the quality and the musical note of his voice always changing according to what he is talking about. ‎ ‎ The fact that a good teacher has some of the gifts of a good actor doesn’t mean that he will indeed be able to act well on the stage, for there are very important differences between the teacher’s work and the actor’s. The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand. What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage.‎ ‎ A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience takes an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand something, they say so. The teacher therefore has to suit his act to the needs of his audience, which is his class. He cannot learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.‎ ‎ I have known many teachers who were fine actors in class but were unable to take part in a stage play because their brains wouldn’t keep discipline: they could not keep strictly to what another had written. ‎ ‎1 What is the text about?‎ ‎ a. How to become a good teacher ‎ b. What a good teacher should do outside the classroom.‎ ‎ c. What teachers and actors could learn from each other.‎ ‎ d. The similarities and differences between a teacher’s work and an actor’s. ‎ ‎2 In what way is a teacher’s work different from an actor’s?‎ ‎ a. The teacher must learn everything by heart.‎ 42‎ ‎ b. The teacher knows how to control his voice better than an actor.‎ ‎ c. The teacher has to deal with unexpected situations. ‎ ‎ d. The teacher has to use more facial expressions. ‎ ‎3 The main difference between students in class and a theater audience is that ____.‎ ‎ a. students can move around in the classroom ‎ b. students must keep silent while theater audience needn’t ‎ ‎ c. no memory work is needed for the students ‎ ‎ d. the students must take part in their teachers’ plays. ‎ ‎4 A good teacher’s voice ________.‎ ‎ a. should be clear and fully under his control ‎ b. should not be too loud or too low ‎ c. should be fixed before he goes to class ‎ d. all of the above ‎ ‎5 Why does a good teacher make gestures while speaking?‎ ‎ a. To make his meaning clearer ‎ b. To draw the attention of his class ‎ c. To express feelings ‎ ‎ d. All of the above ‎ Passage 18 ‎ Education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the aim of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life. Life is varied; so is education. As soon as we realize the fact, we will understand that it is very important to choose a proper system of education.‎ In some countries with advanced industries, they have free education for all. Under this system, people, no matter whether they are rich or poor, clever or foolish, have a chance to be educated at universities or colleges. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough. In such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees refused to do what they think is “low” work. In fact, to work with one’s hands is thought to be dirty and shameful in such countries.‎ But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is as important as that of a professor. We can live without education, but we should die if none of us grew crops. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we should get terrible diseases in our towns. If there were no service people, because everyone was ashamed to do such work, the professors would have to waste much of their time doing housework.‎ On the other hand, if all the farmers were completely uneducated, their production would remain low. As the population grows larger and larger in the modern world, we would die if we did not have enough food. In fact, when we say all of us must be educated to fit ourselves for life, it means that all must be educated to realize that everyone should do whatever job is suited to his brain and ability.‎ 1. Our purpose of educating children is to _________.‎ a. train them for varied life.‎ 42‎ a. choose a proper system of education.‎ b. educate them only for the aim of educating them.‎ c. make them intelligent citizens.‎ 1. Free education for all is not enough because ______.‎ a. the system of free education fails to solve all the problems of a society.‎ b. the more education people receive, the fewer jobs there are c. people with degrees consider themselves superior to those working with their hands d. people with degrees refuse to do physical work 2. The work of a completely uneducated farmer is as important as a professor because______.‎ a. without education all of us would live a more meaningful life b. without farmers professors would grow crops c. without farmers we should die of food shortage d. without farmers we would have to do housework ourselves 3. All of us must be educated to understand or realize that ______.‎ a. the more people with university degrees we have, the better life we will live b. we couldn’t live without education c. everyone should have a chance to be educated at universities or colleges d. one should choose his job according to his ability 4. Education should be various because ______.‎ a. people are rich or poor, clever or foolish b. free education for all doesn’t work c. life is varied d. people have different professional backgrounds ‎ Passage 19‎ In ancient times wealth was measured and exchanged in things that could be touched: food, tools, and precious metals and stones. Then such things were replaced by coins, which still had real value since they were pieces of rare metal. Coins were followed by money, paper notes that have value only because everyone agrees to accept them. ‎ Today electronic monetary systems are gradually being introduced that will transform money into units of computerized information, going between machines at the speed of light. Already, electronic fund transfer allows money to be instantly sent and received by different banks, companies, and countries through computers and telecommunications devices.‎ ‎1 Which of the following would be the most appropriate title for the passage?‎ ‎ a. International Banking Policies ‎ b. The History of Monetary System ‎ c. The Development of Paper Currencies ‎ d. Current Problems in the Economy ‎2 According to the passage, which of the following was the earliest kind of exchange of wealth?‎ 42‎ ‎ a. Valuable goods ‎ b. Coins ‎ c. Paper money ‎ d. Invisible forms ‎3 The author mentions food, tools, and precious metals and stones together because they are all ______. ‎ ‎ a. useful items ‎ b. things difficult to obtain ‎ c. articles of value ‎ d. material objects ‎ ‎4 According to the passage, coins once had real value as currency because they ____.‎ ‎ a. represented a great improvement over food, tools, etc.‎ ‎ b. permitted easy transportation of wealth ‎ c. were made of precious metals ‎ ‎ d. could become collector’s items ‎ ‎5 Which of the following statements about computerized monetary systems is NOT included in the passage? ‎ ‎ a. They promote international trade.‎ ‎ b. They allow very rapid money transfers.‎ ‎ c. they are still limited to small transactions.‎ ‎ d. They are dependent on good telecommunications systems. ‎ Passage 20‎ ‎ Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing (裁判) decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.‎ ‎ The researcher organized an experimental tournament involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge. Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.‎ ‎ The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyze the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters. ‎ ‎ There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.‎ ‎ If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.‎ ‎ He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be ‎ 42‎ misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical. ‎ ‎ 1 The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ______.‎ ‎ a. review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup.‎ ‎ b. analyze the causes of errors made by football referees.‎ ‎ c. set a standard for football refereeing.‎ ‎ d. reexamine the rules for football refereeing ‎ 2 The number of refereeing errors in the experimental matches was ______.‎ ‎ a. slightly above average ‎ b. higher than in the 1998 World Cup ‎ c. quite unexpected ‎ ‎ d. as high as in a standard match ‎ ‎ 3 The findings of the experiment show that ______‎ ‎ a. errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball ‎ ‎ b. the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors ‎ ‎ c. the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely will errors occur ‎ ‎ d. errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot ‎ ‎ 4 The word “officials” (Line 3, Para. 3) most probably refers to ______.‎ ‎ a. the researchers involved in the experiment ‎ b. the inspectors of the football tournament ‎ ‎ c. the referees of the football tournament ‎ ‎ d. the observers at the site of the experiment ‎ ‎ 5 What is one of the possible conclusions of the experiment?‎ ‎ a. The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45‎ ‎ b. Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee ‎ c. A football referee should be as young and energetic as possible ‎ ‎ d. An experienced football referee can do well even when in poor physical condition. ‎ Part Two: Vocabulary and Structure ‎1 The government has ________ one billion for a new hospital in this region.‎ ‎ a. budget b. budgets c. budgeted d. budgeting ‎ 42‎ ‎2 After listening to the speaker for three hours, the audience became ______.‎ ‎ a. restful b. restless c. rested d. rest ‎ ‎3 Every day the manager has to account to the chairman ______ how he spends the company’s money.‎ ‎ a. / b. for c. to d. with ‎ ‎4 What one thinks and feels is, in the eyes of social scientists, mainly due ____ tradition, habit and education. ‎ ‎ a. on b. for c. to d. /‎ ‎5 He set up an old people’s home with the money _______ by the government in 2001.‎ ‎ a. to grant b. granting c. granted d. grant ‎ ‎6 Though the newspaper has been silent, the news of the president’s illness spread ____; everyone is talking about it now.‎ ‎ a. abroad b. aboard c. broad d. board ‎ ‎7 The pilot, thinking his plane was in danger, descended quickly; he wanted to have the plane _____ at once.‎ ‎ a. check b. to check c. checked d. checking ‎ ‎8 We got involved in a road accident last weekend, but we were _____ to escape injury.‎ ‎ a. unluck b. luck c. lucky d. unlucky ‎ ‎9 The ______ of the computer has revolutionized the publishing industry.‎ ‎ a. arrive b. arriving c. arrival d. arrives ‎ ‎10 In order to improve people’s living standard, we should attach first importance ____ the development of the economy.‎ ‎ a. on b. onto c. into d. to ‎ ‎11 The doctor recommends that he _______ a few more days in the hospital.‎ ‎ a. stays b. would stay c. stayed d. should stay ‎12 _______, I should sign up for the competition.‎ ‎ a. If I was young b. Had I been young ‎ ‎ c. If I were to be young d. Were I young ‎13 _______ their help, we couldn’t have made so great progress.‎ ‎ a. But that b. With c. But for d. As for ‎ ‎14 Largely because of her efforts, funds and donations flood into hospitals, ____ patients around the world to receive better care.‎ ‎ a. allows b. to allow c. allowing d. allowed ‎15 The younger should be _______ towards their elders and teachers. ‎ ‎ a. respectable b. respectful c. respected d. respective ‎16 Television keeps us informed about _______ events and the latest developments in science and politics.‎ ‎ a. current b. fashionable c. brand-new d. previous ‎ ‎17 I’ll do anything but _______ on a farm.‎ ‎ a. working b. to work c. work d. that to work ‎18 The men talked for hours ______.‎ a. on the end b. in end c. on end d. in the end 42‎ ‎19 Somehow or other he managed ______ the violin and a bit of music theory.‎ a. studying b. to study c. study d. studied ‎ ‎20It was in 1968 ______ this bridge was built.‎ a. when b. which c. / d. that ‎ ‎21 It’s no use _______ without thinking.‎ a. to learn b. learning c. learn d. learned ‎22In the recent years, ______ Americans begin to travel to some eastern countries such as Japan, China.‎ a. quite a lot b. quite a little c. quite a few d. quite few ‎23Only after you attend the lecture ______ understand what I say.‎ a. you can b. can you c. did you d. you did ‎ ‎24Mary’s very good at painting and playing the violin, but ______ it comes to baking a cake and sewing, she’s hopeless!‎ a. when b. as c. since d. before ‎25You’ll have to pay a fine _____ you return those books to the library immediately. ‎ a. provided b. until c. unless d. if ‎ ‎26We _____ friends ever since we_______ at school.‎ ‎ a. have been, met b. have been, have met ‎ c. were, met d. are, have met ‎ ‎27 The weather in South China is different from _________.‎ ‎ a. in the North b. one in the North ‎ ‎ c. the North d. that in the North ‎28 After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced ______ automobiles in 1988 as the year before.‎ ‎ a. as twice many b. as many twice ‎ ‎ c. twice as many d. twice many as ‎ ‎29 Since you are working for the just cause, I’m _____ willing to support you.‎ ‎ a. much b. rather c. more than d. no more ‎ ‎30 She is busy ______ for the exam to be given tomorrow.‎ ‎ a. to prepare b. to be prepared c. being prepared d. preparing ‎ ‎31 Do you know __________?‎ ‎ a. where we will be taking the test ‎ b. where will we be taking the test ‎ c. where we will taking the test ‎ ‎ d. which we will be taking the test ‎ ‎32 It is required that every student _____ here on time tomorrow. ‎ ‎ a. has to be b. will be c. must be d. should be ‎ ‎33 At first, Tom found it difficult to what his teacher said in class.‎ a. handle b. summarize c. absorb d. commit ‎ ‎34 I never saw him again. ______‎ a. Neither I hear from him. b. None did I hear from him. ‎ c. Nor did I hear from him. d. Nothing I hear from him.‎ ‎35 The city government must take action _____ the increasing population.‎ ‎ a. to control b. controlling c. controls d. controlled ‎ 42‎ ‎36 We all enjoy _______ to music.‎ ‎ a. listen b. listening c. listened d. listens ‎ ‎37 You ______ able to get there by noon if you start off at ten.‎ ‎ a. won’t be b. aren’t c. wouldn’t be d weren’t ‎ ‎38 You’d better hurry. The food is _______ cold.‎ ‎ a. going b. getting c. changing d. growing ‎ ‎39 Tom’s parents died when he was a child, so he was _____ by his relatives.‎ ‎ a. grown up b. brought up c. raised up d. fed up ‎ ‎40 Regardless _____ his appearance, he is a learned person.‎ ‎ a. to b. of c. for d. in ‎ ‎41 It was because the applicant was too proud _____ he failed in the interview.‎ ‎ a. therefore b. that c. so that d. so ‎ ‎42 There was so much noise that the speaker couldn’t make himself ______.‎ ‎ a. heard b. to hear c. hearing d. being heard ‎ ‎43 Tom used to live in California, _______? ‎ ‎ a. used he b. did he c. was he d. didn’t he ‎ ‎44 Henry looked very much ______ when he was caught cheating in the exam.‎ ‎ a. excited b. embarrassed c. exciting d. embarrassing ‎ ‎45 What we would like you to know is that we greatly _____ your timely help.‎ ‎ a. attach b. thank c. appreciate d. compliment ‎ ‎46 At the sight of the bear, the _____ girl burst into tears.‎ ‎ a. frighten b. frightening c. frightened d. frightful ‎ ‎47 To his great ______, his son failed to pass the examination again.‎ ‎ a. impatience b. disappointment c. promotion d. excitement ‎ ‎48 The new technique has _____ them to double the production of the factory.‎ ‎ a. enabled b. made c. dissuade d. occupied ‎ ‎49 He was last seen in public on the _____ of his daughter’s wedding.‎ ‎ a. chance b. event c. occasion d. affair ‎ ‎50 Our main concern is to ______ the living standard of the people.‎ ‎ a. raise b. rise c. arise d. arouse ‎ ‎51 being fun and good exercise, swimming is a very useful skill.‎ a. In addition b. Apart from ‎ c. Except d. Except for ‎ ‎52 Jenny is very ---if she says she’ll do something, she’ll do it.‎ ‎ a. rely b. reliance c. reliable d. reliant ‎ ‎53. You will find this dictionary most for learners of English.‎ ‎ a. helpful b. helpfully c. help d. helpless ‎ ‎54 , Mr. Parker was to blame for the accident, because he was driving too fast .‎ ‎ a. According to me b. In my opinion c. It is said that d. It is saying that ‎ ‎55 If you try to learn too many things , you may get confused.‎ ‎ a. sometime b. sometimes c. at times d. at a time ‎ ‎56 Can you turn the music down? I can’t my work.‎ a. concentrate on b. pay attention to ‎ 42‎ c. rely on d. watch out for ‎ ‎57 I will you by telephone when I hear anything new.‎ ‎ a. contact with b. contact c. contract d. contract with ‎ ‎58 all the efforts they did not succeed.‎ ‎ a. Although b. even though c. In spite of d. in spite ‎ ‎59 ____ speak louder than words a. Acts b. Actions c. Acting d. Activities ‎60 He to finish the work all by himself.‎ ‎ a. is determined to b. determining ‎ c. determining to d. determine to ‎ ‎61 We will do our best to help those people.‎ ‎ a. fortuned b. misfortune c. unfortunate d. disfortunate ‎62 They all looked at me .‎ a. doubt b. doubtful c. doubtfully d. undoubtedly ‎ ‎63 His classmates tried to him swimming across the lake, but he did not listen.‎ a. dissuade .. from b. dissuade.. into ‎ c. persuade .. from d. persuade .. into ‎ ‎64 It was a new boat.‎ ‎ a.16 meter b. 16-meters c. 16-meter d. 16 meters’‎ ‎65 His report on the Olympics Games was really ‎ a. excite b. excited c. exciting d. excitedly ‎ ‎66 Jim had a very ___ look when Tom told him Mary was not coming.‎ a. disappoint b. disappointed c. disappointing d. disappointment ‎67 Our manager will ____ France this winter.‎ a. visit to b. pay a visit c. pay a visit to d. take a visit ‎ ‎68 He did the work in a more way and saved a lot of time.‎ a. efficiency b. efficient c. efficiently d. effective ‎ ‎69 If you the word, look it up in the dictionary.‎ a. are not sure of b. not assure ‎ c. are not assure d. don’t make sure ‎70 My proposal is that the dispute ____ by peaceful means.‎ a. should settle b. can be settled c. have settled d. be settled ‎ ‎71 His interests as he grew up.‎ ‎ a. wide b. widened c. widens d. wider ‎ ‎72 We had to ____ ourselves with watching the sea lions from the shore.‎ ‎ a. content b. contented c. contents d. contenting ‎ ‎73 He was tired he could not go any further.‎ a. so… that b. such… that c. to … too d. to … that ‎74 ________ the uniform, he must be a postman. ‎ ‎ a. Judging by b. Judged by c. Judging at d. Judge from ‎ ‎75 The men of this tribe hold everything ______ common. ‎ ‎ a. to b. at c. in d. for ‎ ‎76 I was so pleased to have the ______ to visit your country. ‎ 42‎ ‎ a. necessity b. possibility c. chance d. prospect ‎ ‎77 His story ____ false. ‎ ‎ a. proved b. protected c. provided d. prevented ‎ ‎78 Can you teach me how to run the business? “Run” means _______. ‎ ‎ a. move b. take c. flow d. manage ‎ ‎79 At first the world _______ little importance to the actions of Hilter. ‎ ‎ a. considered b. made c. attached d. attacked ‎ ‎80 The cake ______ flour, butter, eggs and sugar. ‎ ‎ a. composes b. consists of c. constitutes d. is consisted of ‎ Part Three: Cloze ‎ No. 1 ‎ Do not put off until tomorrow the good you can do today. There are so many __1__ that can get in the way of a good or great deed. ___2___ of people who missed out on good opportunities are everywhere, and when it is too late, they __3____ missing their chance to have been __4____ service. Saying “tomorrow” just once instead of doing some good may lead to a ___5___ of saying “tomorrow”, and tomorrow may never come. One delay is followed by another, and matters get out of hand quickly, even when _6____ are made to correct them. ‎ ‎ ___7_____, we must take things on as soon as we see them. This is the ___8__ to progress and success. One good deed can __9____ us to new and greater opportunities to help those around us, and __10____, make our life richer. One good turn leads to another, and thus, the good is made larger. ____11___ something great has been achieved, we are __12_____ to set our sights on the next opportunity to help that __13____. Each new opportunity may be bigger and better than the last. And so, I urge you to use all your efforts to do what good you can today __14____ tomorrow. ‎ ‎ Do not spend your time with things that are neither good __15___ valuable. This will __16____ you from mistake. If you are given a task that you do not believe is helpful, __17____it. Time will wash it away for you. At the same time, the beginnings of something positive will have __18___. Do it at once! A kind word or a(n) __19____ to others is never a waste of your time, and you will reap the __20___ of doing good and enjoy peace of mind. ‎ ‎1 a. possibilities b. occasions c. abilities ‎ ‎2 a. Opportunities b. Examples c. Excuses ‎3 a. dream b. review c. regret ‎ 42‎ ‎4 a. to b. of c. for ‎ ‎5 a. custom b. habit c. tradition ‎6 a. attempts b. complaints c. desires ‎ ‎7 a. However b. Therefore c. Otherwise ‎ ‎8 a. hope b. secret c. discovery ‎9 a. find b. wake c. awaken ‎10 a. thus b. yet c. but ‎ ‎11 a. During b. While c. Once ‎12 a. saved b. allowed c. free ‎ ‎13 a. arise b. raise c. rise ‎ ‎14 a. if not b. instead of c. in spite of ‎ ‎15 a. or b. but c. nor ‎ ‎16 a. prevent b. defend c. save ‎ ‎17 a. take b. defeat c. delay ‎18 a. built up b. cheered up c. warmed up ‎ ‎19 a. speech b. service c. urge ‎ ‎20 a. benefits b. favors c. habits ‎ No. 2 ‎ Love is important because without it life has no meaning or purpose. Love allows us to do more than we could __1__ accomplish without its power. So often we take good care of our _2____ needs. We make sure our bodies are fed, cleaned, clothed, exercised and rested. However, we tend to __3__ the most important need—love. Of course, as a society, love is not overlooked. Popular media constantly places great emphasis ___4_ what we need to do to attract “love”. ___5_ being loved is not as powerful an emotional need as that desire to love someone else.‎ The need to love and _6___ others is built into us biologically. This need is __7__ allows parents to give up sleep and food while raising their children. This need is what allows people to put themselves __8__ to save others from natural _9__ or threats. Love means cherish, hold dear, and treasure. We do not hurt, harm, or cause pain to those we love; rather, we seek to _10___ their suffering. ‎ ‎1 a. thus b. ever c. yet d. as ‎ ‎2 a. psychological b. original c. physical d. mental ‎3 a. overlook b. overcome c. overtake d. overcharge ‎4 a. at b to c. above d. on ‎ ‎5 a. That b. But c. How d. What ‎ ‎6 a. care for b. look for c. call for d. wait for ‎ ‎7 a. which b. when c. that d. what ‎ ‎8 a. at work b. at best c. at hand d. at risk ‎ ‎9 a. accidents b. incidents c. disasters d. events ‎ ‎10 a. alleviate b. strengthen c. nourish d. relax ‎ No. 3 ‎ 42‎ I am frequently asked the question, “Can you use chopsticks?” I have lived in Korea, Japan and China. In each country, I have, __1__ than not and without having requested one, been given a fork __2___ one was available. I have politely refused and said that I would be fine with chopsticks. Sometimes, I have to make ___3__ explanation.‎ Chopsticks are __4___ my worries when I am eating in an Asian home or restaurant. In fact, learning __5___ to use chopsticks takes me __6____ a few weeks. This is not to say I was skillful, though. Learning how to use chopsticks is easy for me, __7___ learning the rituals and how to __8___ myself at the table is quite difficult. __9__ times do I have to say “no, thank you” __10___ I really mean “no, thank you, I truly am full”? How do I get away with refusing more food without offending someone? If I insist and I still get more, is it appropriate just not to eat it? This would be impolite where I come from. ‎ ‎1 a. very often b. too often c. more often d. most often ‎2 a. for b. when c. after d. because ‎ ‎3 a. more b. further c. another d. other ‎4 a. the least of b. the worst of c. the most of d. the greatest of ‎ ‎5 a. when b. what c. where d. how ‎ ‎6 a. more than b. nothing but c. rather than d. instead of ‎ ‎7 a. where b. because c. whereas d. since ‎ ‎8 a. contrast b. consider c. contact d. conduct ‎ ‎9 a. Just how many b. Always so many c. Why so much d. Not many ‎10 a. until b. since c. when d. as ‎ No. 4 ‎ I didn’t marry for all the “right reasons”. Love had _1__ to do with marriage. And, for my husband’s part, well, I __2_ love was on his mind either. He married me because I made him feel young. He was such an ordinary man going __3_ his very ordinary midlife crises. He was divorced, looking for younger women and a career change. That didn’t __4_ me, though. He was still fairly charming, pretty handsome and _5__ rich. I married for money, and I don’t have any __6__ about it. My friends don’t __7__ my decision, but I can also tell that they wish, at least a little bit, for some of the same things that I now enjoy. They always prefer to ___8_ a lot of time by my swimming pool than at their common little homes. And another thing, they are always __9__ about their “beloved”. “He’s always watching how much I spend.” “It’s become more like a business relationship __10__ a marriage.”‎ ‎1 a. nothing b. everything c. something d. one thing ‎2 a. believe b. compete c. suspect d. hesitate ‎3 a. around b. through c. in d. for ‎ ‎4 a. care b. bother c. mind d. burden 42‎ ‎5 a. after all b. all in all c. above all d. over all ‎ ‎6 a. wonder b. doubt c. consideration d. expectation ‎ ‎7 a. regret b. resolve c. applaud d. reject ‎ ‎8 a. keep b. fill c. cost d. spend ‎9 a. caring b envying c. complaining d. thinking ‎ ‎10 a. instead b. as c. then d. than ‎ No. 5 ‎ I, for one, am far from ready to use online courses for my learning. Don’t get me _1__. I am very happy about all the communication and learning opportunities the courses have given us. But for me those opportunities should not be used to replace classroom activities. In other words, they are only __2__ to help me learn what has already been _3__ in the classroom.‎ I love the classroom. I love having classmates. There are forty students in my class right now, and I think it’s great. I even love having classmates who are better than me. And, let’s _4___ forget the smell of ink on paper, the sound of chalk on a blackboard, the hardness of a wooden bench or the heat inside the classroom in early September. I love it all. But most of _5___, I love having a teacher—a “real live” teacher. I get excited when I am in the classroom with a good teacher. I learn in a way that has been proven to work. I am given insight not only __6__ a certain subject, but also into the world.‎ What makes having a classroom teacher so __7__? A good teacher pushed me to __8____. A good teacher rewards me with praise when I have done well and stays __9___ and gives me hope when I am down. I don’t believe that a teacher using a virtual classroom can __10__ me in the same way. A teacher communicating through the Internet cannot share the same type of relationship a classroom teacher and student share. ‎ ‎1 a. unhappy b. wrong c. troubled ‎ ‎2 a. tools b. terms c. directions ‎3 a. served b. offered c. appeared ‎ ‎4 a. don’t b. not c. always ‎ ‎5 a. everything b. anything c. all ‎ ‎6 a. at b. to c. into ‎ ‎7 a. virtual b. special c. favorite ‎ ‎8 a. succeed b. increase c. accept ‎ 42‎ ‎9 a. positive b. negative c. favorite ‎ ‎10 a. stay out with b. reach out to c. go out with ‎ ‎ ‎ Part Four: Fill in the blanks with the phrases or expressions given below. Change the form where necessary ‎ Blank 1 ‎ participate in get access to give up be far from communicate with become aware of keep up with come across reflect upon remind of ‎ ‎1 Have you ever spoken to a foreigner? It is difficult to _____ a person who doesn’t know your language.‎ ‎2 When she failed the third time, she cried with frustration and wanted to ____ trying again.‎ ‎3 I don’t _____ that kind of information. Recently, I have hardly had any time to go online.‎ ‎4 She _____ being pleased about what happened yesterday at her birthday party; she is very angry.‎ ‎5 I suddenly ______ him looking at me—actually he was staring at me.‎ ‎6 Years later, after I had _______ other versions of the song, I discovered why it was so well-known.‎ ‎7 She never _______ our discussion, did she?‎ ‎8 My Italian friends talk so fast that I simply can’t _______what they are saying.‎ ‎9 He is ______ how much has changed since he got married. ‎ ‎10 She no longer wanted anything about him to ______ the circumstances of their first meeting. ‎ Blank 2 ‎ adjust cling to turn out call for come to ‎ subject to start out make it break out see to it that ‎ ‎1 The desks and seats can be ________ according to the height of any child.‎ ‎2 The small party of scientists _______ with high hopes.‎ ‎3 Scientists ______ spacemen ______ all kind of tests before they are sent into space.‎ ‎4 The Second World War ________ in September 1939.‎ ‎5 ______ you are not late again.‎ ‎6 When Jack _______, he found himself lying on the ground with his money gone.‎ ‎7 He ______ his car and suddenly left the meeting.‎ ‎8 Though it looked like rain this morning, it has _______ to be a fine day.‎ 42‎ ‎9 She _____ the hope that he was still alive.‎ ‎10 We were worried that John might be late. But he just ________. ‎ Blank 3 ‎ fill in later minor content round the corner ‎ dull whatsoever background eager hold oneself in ‎ ‎1 The day was ______, with a cloudy sky.‎ ‎2 A good photographer pays as much attention to the _______ of a picture as he does to the subject.‎ ‎3 The captain was very angry but he managed to __________.‎ ‎4 That dictionary is of great use. All the students of our department are _____ to get a copy of it.‎ ‎5 My brother told me that he had met with no difficulty ______ in learning English grammar.‎ ‎6 At first he decided to move to Chicago, but _____ he changed his mind.‎ ‎7 Let’s go to the park. It’s just ________.‎ ‎8 Jim had a ____ problem with his car, but he fixed it himself.‎ ‎9 Would you please _____ your name, address and telephone number here?‎ ‎10 The old couple seem _____ to sit in front of the television all evening. ‎ Blank 4 ‎ on vacation occupy outcome complain as for ‎ come across be suited to burst into perform destine ‎1 Not every person ______ become a nurse. Only very dedicated people choose nursing as a profession. ‎ 2 Benjamin Franklin was ______ to gain lasting honor throughout much of the world. ‎ 3 I ________ some photos in the attic the other day, which reminded me of my good old days with my family. ‎ 4 The boy _______ tears when he was told that he couldn’t go to the zoo because he didn’t do his homework. ‎ 5 I cannot wait for next week to come. I am going to Paris ______. ‎ 6 I definitely enjoy going to the movies. But ______ the theater, I prefer staying at home. ‎ 7 Frankly speaking, the _______ of the survey was beyond our wildest expectation. ‎ 8 This tall bookcase ______ too much space in the room. Let’s move it to the living room. ‎ 9 They were so angry that they went over to the restaurant manager to ____ about ‎ 42‎ the service they had received. ‎ ‎10. What the hospital is planning to do is to stop some doctors from ______ unnecessary tests and operations. ‎ Blank 5‎ claim hang around appreciate value in spite of ‎ apply according to insist ignore give way to ‎1 Over the past few years, communication through hand-written letters _______ telephones and e-mails.‎ ‎2 Our boss ______ that the goods be delivered next Monday to the door of the customer.‎ ‎3 The report _____ that more than a hundred people had been killed in the fight.‎ ‎4 To ________ American literature, we have to know something about American history.‎ ‎5 He _________ health more than anything else in the world after he recovered from a serious illness. ‎ ‎6 Hugh works very hard to support his lazy brother, who _______ the town and does nothing but get into trouble.‎ ‎7 ________ the TV weather forecast, the weather tomorrow will be favorable for the race.‎ ‎8 David has made some achievements in his new post _______ his inexperience.‎ ‎9. Linda _______ for a part-time job as a waitress in a fast-food restaurant in order to earn some pocket money.‎ ‎10 They called me rude names, but I just ______ it and walked on. ‎ Keys to Part Four Blank 1 ‎ ‎1 communicate with 2 give up 3 get access to 4 is far from ‎ ‎5 became aware of 6 come across 7 participated in 8 keep up with ‎ ‎9 reflecting upon 10 remind her of ‎ Blank 2 ‎ ‎1adjusted 2 started out 3 subject …to 4 broke out 5 see to it that ‎ ‎6 came to 7 called for 8 turned out 9 clung to 10 made it ‎ Blank 3 ‎ ‎1 dull 2 background 3 hold himself in 4 eager 5 whatsoever ‎ ‎6 later 7 round the corner 8 minor 9 fill in 10 content ‎ Blank 4 ‎ ‎1 is suited to 2 destined 3 came across 4 burst into 5 on vacation 6 as for 7 outcome 8 occupies 9 complain 10 performing 42‎ Blank 5 ‎ ‎1 has given way to 2 insists 3 claimed 4 appreciate 5 values ‎ ‎6 hangs around 7 According to 8 in spite of 9 applied 10 ignored ‎ Part V Translation ‎ Complete the following sentences by translating the given Chinese into English. ‎ ‎1 He thinks that he can concentrate on ________________ after retirement.（他喜欢干的事）‎ ‎2 Be sure to ________________ so that you can buy the car you like.（每月留出足够的钱）‎ ‎3 ______________ takes a lot of determination.（戒烟）‎ ‎4 _______________, we are determined to carry out our plan.（尽管困难重重）‎ ‎5 There is nothing ______________ in this newspaper.（值得一读）‎ ‎6 You ought to _____________ by a doctor.（检查你的眼睛）‎ ‎7 If you _______________ what the teacher said, you might make better progress.（更多地注意）‎ ‎8 The school’s teaching building _________.（需要维修了）‎ ‎9 The book I bought yesterday _____________ historical facts.（为依据）‎ ‎10 No one is aware that ________________. （他已经下定决心了）‎ ‎11 You must ___________（充分利用）your college life to study.‎ ‎12 He said he had finished the task all by himself, but ______________. （事实并非如此）‎ ‎13 It has been more than two years since ______________. （他去巴黎）‎ ‎14 ___________________ （即使有空气和水），plants still couldn’t grow on the moon.‎ ‎15 He got to his feet and left the room hurriedly ________________. （结果忘了锁门）‎ ‎16 He thinks of himself to be a VIP, but actually ___________. （他什么也不是）‎ ‎17 _____________ is serious （该地区的水污染）. The government has come up with a solution to the problem.‎ ‎18 It was not until then that I __________ （我才知道）that knowledge comes from practice.‎ ‎19 They are looking into the possibility of carrying out the plan so that they can ____________. （提高工作条件）‎ ‎20 Do you think that everyone of us is fully _____________ （负责任）what we have done?‎ ‎21 _________________（一到机场），the police surrounded the plane.‎ ‎22 Students often say that they _________ memorizing English words. （有困难）‎ ‎23 He didn’t take physical training, _____ （也没有）take the doctor’s advice of giving up smoking.‎ 42‎ ‎24 Tom and his brother _____________ （没有什么共同之处）except that they share the same interest in football. ‎ ‎25 Apples and bananas are likely to _____________________ （供应不足）this winter.‎ Part VI Writing ‎ ‎1 Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition of at least 120 words on the topic Hobbies. You should base your composition on the outline below. ‎ Hobbies are forms of pastime…‎ Different people have different hobbies…‎ My hobby is …. ‎ ‎2 Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition of at least 120 words on the topic Cars. You should base your composition on the outline below.‎ 如今，路上的私家车越来越多。‎ 一些人喜欢私家车。‎ 然而另一些人不喜欢私家车。‎ ‎3 Directions: For this part, you are required to write a composition of at least 120 words on the topic‎ ‎College Students Doing Part-time Jobs. You should base your composition on the outline below.‎ 相当一部分大学生利用课余时间打工赚钱。‎ 大学生打工的利与弊。‎ 你的看法。‎ ‎4 Directions: For this part, you should write a composition on the topic: The Best 42‎ ‎ Way to Reduce Stress. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese. Please write the composition on the Answer Sheet.‎ 1. 现代社会压力大。‎ 2. 其他人如何应对压力。‎ 3. 我的做法和原因。‎ ‎5 Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On Choosing Careers .You should write no less than 120 words and you should base your composition on the outline given below:  ‎1 有些人认为家长有责任为孩子计划将来的职业。‎ ‎2 孩子会认为应该由自己决定将来从事的工作。‎ ‎3 谈谈你的看法。‎ 42‎ 自考本科学位英语模拟习题参考答案 Keys to Reading Comprehension ‎ Passage 1: c b c c c Passage 2: b c c b d Passage 3: b a b d a Passage 4: c d c d b Passage 5: c a c c b Passage 6: c a d b c Passage 7: c c b c d Passage 8: c b b c a Passage 9: b a d c d ‎ Passage 10: ADBBC Passage 11: DDACC ‎ Passage 12: a d b b d ‎ Passage 13: BACAC Passage 14: B C A B D Passage 15: a d b a d ‎ Passage 16: BCAAC Passage 17: d c d ad Passage 18: a d c d c ‎ Passage 19: b a d c c ‎ Passage 20: b c a c b Keys to multiple choice ‎ ‎1‎-5 c b b c c 6‎-10 a c c c d ‎ ‎11-15 d d c c b 16‎-20 a c c b d ‎ ‎21-25 b c b a c 26‎-30 a d c c d ‎ ‎31‎-35 a d c c a 36-40 b a b b b ‎ ‎41-45 b a d b c 46‎-50 c b a c a ‎ ‎51-55 b c a b d 56‎-60 a b c b a ‎ ‎61‎-65 c c a c c 66-70 b c b a d ‎ ‎71-75 b a a a c 76‎-80 c a d c b ‎ Keys to Cloze ‎ No. 1 ‎ 42‎ ‎1‎-5 a b c b b 6‎-10 a b b c a ‎ ‎11‎-15 c c a b c 16‎-20 c c a b a ‎ No 2 ‎ ‎1-5 b c a d b 6‎-10 a d d c a ‎ No 3 ‎ ‎1‎-5 c b b a d 6-10 b c d a c ‎ No 4 ‎ ‎1‎-5 a c b b c 6-10 b c d c d ‎ No 5 ‎ ‎1-5 b a b b c 6‎-10 c b a a b Keys to Translation ‎ ‎1 What he likes to do ‎ ‎2 set aside enough money each month ‎3 Giving up smoking ‎ ‎4 In‎ spite of all the difficulties ‎5 worth reading ‎ ‎6 have your eyes examined ‎ ‎7 paid more attention to ‎ ‎8 needs repairing ‎ ‎9 is based on ‎ ‎10 he has made up his mind ‎ ‎11 make full use of ‎ ‎12 this is not the case ‎ ‎13 he left for Paris ‎ ‎14 Even if there were air and water ‎ ‎15 so that he forgot to lock the door ‎ ‎16 he is nothing ‎ ‎17 The water pollution in the area ‎ ‎18 I came to know ‎ ‎19 improve the working conditions ‎ ‎20 responsible for ‎ 42‎