英语计划总结之关于主谓一致的常见考点总结 5页

英语计划总结之关于主谓一致的常见考点总结 ‎ ‎　　1.一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时， 谓语通常用复数形式：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等……‎ ‎　　1、请看一些例句：‎ ‎　　Five minutes is enough to do this exercise.‎ ‎　　Each boy and each girl wants to serve the people in future.‎ ‎　　More than one student has seen the film. Many a ship has been damaged in the storm. More members than one are against your plan.‎ ‎　　2、一些有两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时， 谓语通常用复数形式：glasses, clothes, trousers, shoes, compasses, chopsticks, scissors等。‎ ‎　　但如果主语用a kind of , a pair of , a series of等加名词构成时， 谓语动词一般用单数形式。‎ ‎　　A pair of shoes was on the desk.‎ ‎　　并列主语如果指的是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时， 谓语动词用单数形式， 这时and后面有冠词。例如： Truth and honesty is the best policy.‎ ‎　　The girl's teacher and friend is a young doctor.‎ ‎　　To love and to be loved is the great happiness. Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit. A knife and fork is on the table.‎ ‎　　3、当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as , no less than, along with, with, like, rather than, together with, but, except, besides, including, in addition to等引导的词组时， 其谓语动词的单、复数按主语的单、复数而定。例如： The teacher as well as the students was excited.‎ ‎　　The room with its furniture was rented.‎ ‎　　A （great） number of修饰可数复数名词， 谓语动词用复数。‎ ‎　　4、a great deal of, a large amount of 修饰不可数名词， 其短语作主语时， 谓语动词用单数。关系代词who, that, which等在定语从句中作主语时， 其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 例如： Those who want to go please sign your names here.‎ ‎　　Some of the energy that is used by man comes from the sun.‎ ‎　　5、季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐、学科名称，球类、棋类名词名称前一般不加冠词。‎ ‎　　1/2 one（a） half 1/4 one（a） quarter 6、形容词的顺序：‎ ‎　　系动词be，grow，get，become，feel，appear，prove，seem，look，keep，smell，taste，sound，turn，remain限定词+数量形容词（序数词在前，基数词在后）+性状形容词+大小、长短、高低等形体+新旧+颜色+国藉+材料 ‎　　Those three beautiful large square old brown wood table ‎　　7、某些以a-开首的形容词例如：afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake, alive 等只能作表语，不能作定语。‎ ‎　　8、某些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而不是副词：friendly，lively，lovely，lonely，likely，deadly，silly，orderly, timely等。‎ ‎　　1）close接近地---losely仔细地，密切地 ‎　　2）free 免费地--- freely自由地，无拘束地 ‎　　3）hard努力地--- hardly几乎不 ‎　　4）late 晚，迟--- lately 近来 ‎　　5）most 极，非常--- mostly主要地 ‎　　6）wide广阔地，充分地--- widely广泛地7）high高--- highly高度地，非常地 ‎　　8）deep深，迟---deeply抽象意义的“深” 9）loud大声地--- loudly大声地（含有喧闹的意思） 10）near邻近--- nearly几乎 ‎　　bad/ill,badly worse worst little less least ‎　　9、表示一方不及另一方时，用“less＋原级＋than”的结构表示：This room is less beautiful than that one.‎ ‎　　表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，如：even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far, yet, by far等修饰：He works even harder than before.‎ ‎　　注意：by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面， 如放在前面，应在二者中间加“the”。‎ ‎　　He is taller by far than his brother. He is by far the taller of the two brothers. 某些以-or结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替than。superior，junior，senior等。‎ ‎　　He is superior to Mr Wang in mathematics.‎ ‎　　10、在比较从句中为了避免重复通常用that（those），one（ones）代替前面出现的名词。that指物，one既可指人，也可指物。that可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而one只能代替可数名词。例如：‎ ‎　　The book on the table is more interesting than that on the desk.‎ ‎　　A box made of iron is stronger than one made of wood.‎ ‎　　11、表示倍数的比较级有如下几种句型： A is three （four,etc.） times the size （height, length, width,etc） of B. The new building is four times the size （the height） of the old one. 这座新楼是那座旧楼的四倍大（四倍高）。[高三倍]‎ ‎　　A is three （four, etc.） times as big （high, long, wide, etc.） as B. Asia is four times as large as Europe.亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。‎ ‎　　A is three （four,etc.） times bigger （higher, longer, wider） than B. 例如：Your school is three times bigger than ours.你们的学校比我们的学校大三倍。‎ ‎　　表示两倍可以用twice 或double。‎ ‎　　表示“最高程度”的形容词，如excellent，extreme，perfect等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。‎ ‎　　如果复数名词前有many、few，不可数名词前有much、little等表示量的形容词时，该用so而不用such。如：‎ ‎　　I've had so many falls that I'm black and blue all over。‎ ‎　　White got so little money a month that he could hardly keep body and soul together. 但little不表示数量而表示“小”的意思时，仍用such。如： They are such little children that the they cannot clean the house by themselves.‎