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人教版初中英语七年级下册Unit7SectionB教材全解
Unit 7 It’s raining!
Unit 7 Section B教材全解
1.[1a] dry干燥的
[1b]——How’s the weather in picture d?图片d中的天气怎么样?
——It’s dry.天气干燥。
【重点注释】dry形容词,意思是“干燥的”,其反义词为wet或humid[hju:mɪd],意为“湿的;潮湿的”。例如:Winters are cold and dry here.这里的冬天是寒冷干燥的。This coat will keep you dry in the rain.这件外套将使你在雨中不被淋湿。In the east, the air is humid in summer.在东方,夏季空气潮湿。
【拓展记忆】1)dry可用作及物动词,意为“使干燥;弄干”。例如:Don’t cry.Dry your eyes.别哭了!擦干眼泪。Dry your hands on this towel.用这条毛巾把手擦干。2)dry可用作不及物动词,意为“变干”。例如:The wet clothes will soon dry in the sun.湿衣服在阳光下很快就会干。
2.cold冷的;寒冷的
【重点注释】cold形容词,意为“冷的;寒冷的”。例如:It’s cold in winter.冬天天气冷。cold的反义词是hot,意为“炎热的”“辣的”。 hot food辣味食品。
【辨析记忆】cold与cool
cold
作形容词时,意为“寒冷的”,其反义词是hot(炎热的)。作名词时,意为“伤风,感冒”。
have/catch a (bad) cold患(重)感冒
It’s a cold winter.这是一个寒冷的冬天。
She is in bed with a cold.她因感冒而卧床。
cool
作形容词时,意为“凉爽的”,反义词warm(暖和的)。作为流行语,意为“酷的,绝妙的”,用来赞美人、物或事。
It’s very cool today.今天天气很凉爽。
I like Liu Qian.He is very cool.
我喜欢刘谦。他太酷了。
【图形辩异】
【归类记忆】1)本单元描述天气的形容词小结:rainy下雨的;snowy下雪的;windy有风的;cloudy阴天的,多云的;sunny/fine晴朗的;dry干燥的;cool凉爽的;cold寒冷的;hot炎热的;warm暖和的;wet/humid潮湿的;foggy多雾的。以上形容词,常常和系动词连用作表语,或作定语修饰名词。2)雨、雪下得大用hard,heavy或heavily;风刮得大用strong,strongly。例如:It rans/snows hard/heavily.雨/雪下得大。The wind blows strongly.风刮得很猛。a hard/heavy rain/sonw一场大雨/雪。a strong wind一股大风。
3.I’m having a great time visiting my aunt in Canada.我正在加拿大愉快地看望我的姑妈。(我正在加拿大看望我的姑妈,我玩得很开心。)
【重点注释】①have a good/great/wonderful time (in)doing sth.=have fun (in)doing sth.=enjoy oneself (in)doing sth.[oneself要随主语的变化而变化],意为“愉快地做某事;做某事很开心”。例如:We often have a great time (in) playing basketball after school.我们经常放学后愉快地打篮球。We had a good time (in) playing tennis.我们打网球打得很开心。Trust me, you'll have fun playing the piano.相信我吧,弹钢琴将会使你快乐。I had a good time talking with you.和你谈话很开心。He always enjoys himself making fun of others.他总是喜欢以开别人的玩笑来取乐。Einstein enjoyed himself playing his violin in his simple home.爱因斯坦在他那简朴的家里拉小提琴消遣。
【拓展记忆】have a hard/difficult time(in) doing sth.= have trouble (in)doing sth.做某事有困难。例如:I'm afraid I have a hard time believing his stories.恐怕我很难相信他的故事。
②visit此处用作及物动词,意为“拜访;探望”,后接表示人的名词或代词。visit还可意为“参观;游览”,后接表示地点的名词。visit sb.拜访某人。visit sw.参观某地。例如:I visit my grandparents every year at Christmas.我每年圣诞节都去看望我的祖父母。He wants to visit his brother in Worcester.他想去看望住在伍斯特的哥哥。I want to visit Beijing.我想要游览北京。Caroline visits all the big stores.卡洛琳光顾了所有的大型商店。
【拓展记忆】1)visit还可用作名词,意为“访问,参观,拜访”。例如:This is my first visit to China.这是我第一次访问中国。We are on a visit to Beijing.我们正在参观北京。(be on a visit to=be
visiting表示动作正在进行,是一种正在参观的状态。They are on a visit to England.=They are visiting England. 他们正在访问/参观英国。)You should pay a visit to him/the school.你应该去探望他一下/参观一下这个学校。(pay a visit tosb./sw.访问/拜访/参观某人/某地)2)visitor名词,意为“参观者;旅游者,游客”。例如:There are many visitors in this city.这个城市有很多游客。We have five visitors today.今天我们来了五个访问者。
【试题链接】More and more people would like to go on vacation abroad.They should remember to be with good manners.
A.visitors B.players C.volunteers
(题意:越来越多的人想去国外度假,他们应该牢记要做一个有礼貌的游客。visitors“游客”;players“运动员”;volunteers“自愿者”。根据题意,答案:A)
4.She’s working here and I’m going to summer school.她在这里上班,而我在上暑期学习班。
【重点注释】sunmer school表面意思“夏天学校”,实际意思是“夏季学校;暑假培训学校;暑期学校”,summer是名词,意思是“夏天”,作名词school的定语。summer holidays暑假。winter holidays寒假。
【拓展记忆】1)名词作定语时,一般用单数形式,但在个别情况下也有用复数的。例如:sports meeting运动会。【注意】被修饰的名词变复数时,一般情况下,作定语用的名词不需要变为复数形式,但由man或woman作定语修饰的名词变成复数时,两部分皆要变为复数形式。man doctor—men doctors男医生 woman singer—women singers女歌手。2)in summer/winter在夏季(天)/冬季(天)。in spring/autumn(fall)在春季(天)/秋季(天)。例如:But it’s too hot in summer.但是夏天天气很热。
5.I’m also visiting some of my old friends.我也在拜访我的一些老朋友。
【重点注释】some of…意为“……中的一些,一些……”表示复数概念(但后跟不可数名词,当单数用);of后可接代词宾格形式,如some of us,some of you;of后也可接名词,接名词时,可数名词常用复数,不可数名词当然没有复数形式,而且名词前通常有定冠词、指示代词或形容词性物主代词修饰,如some of the/these/my books,some of the water。例如:Some of them are happy.他们当中有一些人是幸福的。Some of us are girls,some are boys.我们中有些是女孩,有些是男孩。Some of the/these apples are green.这些苹果中的一些是绿色的。Some of my friends are from Beijing.我的一些朋友来自北京。
【拓展记忆】some可用作形容词修饰名词,也可用作代词单独使用。例如:——Would you like some apples?你想要些苹果吗?——OK,give me some.好吧,给我一些。
6.I’m so happy to see them again.我很高兴再次见到他们。
【重点注释】be (very/so) happy/glad to do sth.意为“(很/那么)高兴做某事;做某事(很/那么)高兴”,对应短语be (very/so) sorry to do sth.意为“(很/那么)难过/抱歉做某事;做某事(很/那么)难过/抱歉”。例如:He will be happy to see you.他看见你会高兴的。I’m happy to hear the news.我很高兴听到这个消息。I’m happy to do it for you.我很高兴为你们做这件事。I’m sorry to hear that.听说那个事我很难过。I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long.我很抱歉让你久等。
7.It’s afternoon right now,and I’m sitting by the pool and drinking orange juice.现在是下午,我正坐在游泳池边喝着橙汁。
【重点注释】①right now意为“现在;立即;马上”
,基本上可以当now一样用,常与一般现在时或现在进行时连用,但是right now更强调“就在此刻”。例如: We are playing volleyball on the playground right now.现在我们正在操场上打排球。The doctor is busy right now.医生此刻正忙着。Do it right now!现在就做!Please stop right now.请立即停下来。
②by=near to=beside介词,意为“在……旁边;靠近”,相当于by the side of。例如:There is an old big tree by/by the side of the river.河边有一棵古老的大树。The children are playing by the village.孩子们正在村边玩耍。Our teacher is sitting by the window.我们的老师正坐在窗户旁边。Stand by me!站到我的身旁来!We spent our holiday by the sea. 我们在海边度假。
【拓展记忆】by的其他用法:1)表示“用某种方法”或“用某种手段”,意为“用;靠;凭借;利用”。例如: I know it by heart.我把它记在心头。They can read by touch.他们可以通过手摸来阅读。By getting up early, I can have an hour for reading English in the morning. 靠起得早,我每天早晨有一小时时间阅读英语。2)by oneself意为“独自地”。例如:I learn Japanese by myself.我自学日语。The mother can’t leave the baby at home by himself.这位母亲不能把婴儿独自留在家里。3)表示时间,意为“在……之前;不迟于”,相当于not later than。例如:The work can be finished by noon.中午之前能完成工作。I shall be back by 5 o'clock.最迟五点我一定回来。How many English parties had you had by the end of last term? 到上学期末,你们举行了几次英语晚会?4)“by+交通工具名词”表示“乘坐……”。例如:I usually go to school by bike.我通常骑自行车去上学。We often go to Jinan by bus.我们常常乘汽车去济南。The man came by bus. 那人是坐公共汽车来的。They went to Shanghai by air. 他们坐飞机去上海。4)表示“依据,根据”。例如:What’s the time/What time is it by your watch?你的表几点了?By my watch,it is 8 o’clock now.我的表是八点。5) 介词“经过,通过,沿着” ,相当于past;through;along;over。例如:He walked by me without speaking. 他走过我的身旁,没有说话。My brother goes by the building every day. 我弟弟每天从这楼旁走过。We came through the fields, not by the road. 我们是穿过田野而不是沿那条路来的。I want to send a letter by post.我想通过邮局寄信。6)by the way表示“顺便说一下,顺便问一下”。例如:By the way,what time is it by your watch?顺便问一下,你的表几点了?
③juice不可数名词,意为“果汁,饮料”,drink orange juice喝橙汁。例如:I like apple juice.我喜欢苹果汁。Please give me some juice.请给我一些果汁。
8.See you soon.再见,回头见,一会儿见。
【重点注释】①此句是暂时分别用语。如果有人和你说see you soon的话,你应该回答:see you, 或者see you soon,see you then(如果约好时间的话)。类似说法:see you tomorrow明天见,see you later待会儿见,see you next time下次见……。
【拓展记忆】See you 是See you later的简单说法,口语中常用,意思是“回头见、一会儿见”的意思。它与Good-bye的区别在于它有预见性,说话者知道要不多久还与对方见面的,而Good-bye就没有预见性,见不见不一定,只是一种客气用语。
②soon副词,意为“很快,立刻”。常和一般将来时连用。例如:She will be back soon.她马上就会回来。Please hand in your homework soon.请尽快把你的作业交上。It will soon be Christmas. 圣诞节很快就要到了。I'll come back soon. 我不久就会回来的。
【辨析记忆】soon,quickly和fast
soon
指(时间上)不久的将来将发生某个动作或某种情况
Please call me soon.请尽快给我打电话。
quickly
指动作反应敏捷或完成得快,具有即可行动、毫不耽搁之意
He quickly got up and went on running.
他迅速起来,继续跑。
fast
侧重于运动速度之快
He runs fast.他跑得快。
9.Are you studying hard,or are you having fun?你正在努力学习,还是在痛快地玩?
【重点注释】hard副词,意为“努力地;辛苦地”。还可以意为“猛烈地;重重地”,相当于heavily。work hard意为“努力学习;努力工作”。例如:Mary is working hard at her English.玛丽在努力学习英语。I’ll work hard.I don’t want to let him down.我会努力工作。我不想让他失望。It’s raining hard.雨下得很大。
【拓展记忆】hard还可用作形容词,意为“困难的,费力的,坚硬的,艰难的”。hard在不同的句子中意思不同。例如:That’s a hard question.那是个很难的问题。The apple is too high.It’s hard to reach.那个苹果长得太高,很难伸手够到。The Brazil nut has a very hard shell.巴西果有很坚硬的外壳。The chair is too hard.I don’t like it.这把椅子太硬了,我不喜欢。He has a very hard life.他的日子过得很艰难。He lives a hard life.他的生活很艰辛。
10.My family and I are on a vacation in the mountains.我和我的家人正在山里度假。
【重点注释】①My family and I……句中,⑴and连接两个并列主语,谓语动词用复数。例如:Tom and Jim went to London yesterday.汤姆和吉姆昨天去了伦敦。Zhang Tao and I are both students.张涛和我都是学生。⑵但当and连接的并列主语是同一个人、同一事物或同一概念时,则两个名词共用一个冠词,谓语动词必须用单数。例如:The writer and teacher is coming.那位作家兼教师要来。The singer and teacher is her friend.这位歌手兼教师是她的朋友。Bread and butter is her favourite food.黄油面包是她最喜欢吃的食物。
【拓展记忆】英语句子中,多人称代词排序方法:单数人称代词,通常按“二三一”排列,即you,he and I/you,him and me;复数人称代词,通常按“一二三”排列,即 we,you and they/us,you and them。例如:You,he and I are of the same age. 你,他和我都是同一年龄。We, you and they are all good citizens. 我们,你们和他们都是好公民。但若是用于承担责任或错误等场合,则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前。例如:I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。比较:Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。但是,you and I/you and me是固定结构,语序通常不宜颠倒。
②vacation名词,意为“假期”, on(a) vacation= on (a)holiday“在度假,在休假”。。summer vacation/holidays“暑假”。winter vacation/holidays寒假。(be) on(a) vacation=(be) on (a)holiday“在度假,在休假”。go on a vacation“去度假”。have/take a vacation“度假;休假”。例如:——Are you on a vacation?你是在度假吗?——No,I’m on a vacation to see the famous three gorges.不,我休假去著名的三峡旅游。I want to go on a vacation.我想要去度假。Mr. Green wants to go on a beach vacation.格林先生想要进行一次沙滩度假。
【辨析记忆】vacation,holiday与festival
vacation
“假期”
They are in Beijing on
,指放下工作和学习的一段较长的休息时间,常可用holidays替换
vacation.他们正在北京度假。
holiday
“假日,休息日”,主要指风俗习惯或法律规定的纪念日或休息日。在英国英语中,其复数形式可表示延续一段时间的“假期”,美国英语则习惯用单数。
The Fourth of July is a national holiday of the US.
7月4日是美国国庆节。
festival
“节日”,指具有悠久历史传统的节日或持续一段时间的文娱活动。Spring Festival春节/ the Mid-Autumn Festival(the Moon Festival)中秋节/ Drangon Boat Festival龙舟节,端午节
Christmas is one of the major festivals in the United States of America. 圣诞节是美国的主要节日之一。
③mountain意为“山脉”。例如:I even saw the mountains around the city.我甚至看到了围绕城市的群山。
【比较记忆】mountain与hill
mountain
意思是“山,山岳”,其复数形式mountains常表示“山脉”,通常指比hill大或陡峭的高山
It’s the highest mountain in the world.它是世界上最高的山。The city lies in a valley with high mountains all around it .城市坐落在高山环抱的山谷中。
hill
意思是“小山,丘岭”,通常指比mountain小的山
They are climbing the hill .他们正在爬山。The house stands on the top of the hill. 房子位于山顶上。
11.I want to call you but my phone isn’t working ,so I’m writing to you.我想给你打电话,但电话不好用,所以我就给你写信。
【重点注释】①want to do sth. = would like/love to do sth.意为“想要做某事”。例如:John want to go shopping after work. 约翰下班后想去购物。I want to do my homework.我打算做作业。I want to give my mother a suprise.我想给妈妈一个惊喜。What do you want to eat/drink?你想吃/喝什么?
②call sb.意为“给某人打电话”,call此处作动词,call sb.at…意为“拨打……号码给某人;给某人打……号码的电话;拨打……号码找某人”,call还可用作名词,意为“电话,通话”。例如:Why doesn’t she call me?她为什么不给我打电话? Please call the police at 110.请打110找警察。Give me a call at seven ,OK?请在7点叫我,好吗?He has to give a call to his mother for money.他不得不为钱而给他的妈妈打电话。
【拓展记忆】表示“给某人打电话”的不同表达方式:call/ring sb.=call/ring sb.up=phone/telephone sb.=give sb.a ring/call=make a phone/call to sb.给某人打电话。
③work此处作不及物动词,意为“(机器、设备等)运转;运行;运作;工作”,若用于否定结构中,多表示某一物件“坏掉了”或“不运作了”。例如:My watch doesn’t work.我的手表不走了。This pen doesn’t work.这支钢笔写不出字了。(以上两个例句用一般现在时态,表示目前还是坏的。)I bought this watch here yesterday,but it doesn’t work.我昨天在这儿买的这块手表,但是它失灵了。(【思考】该句前半句bought是buy的过去式,句子用一般过去时,而后半句为什么用doesn't却不用didn't?回答:昨天买的表,但是这个表不运作,是一般现在时,不是昨天不运作,今天就运作了。)
【试题链接】We can’t do listening practice today,for Miss Zhao’s tape-recorder doesn’t .
A.act B.do C.serve D.work
(句意:我们今天不能做听力练习了,因为赵老师的录音机出问题了。表示及其等工作、运转要用work,答案:D)
④write to sb.意为“给某人写信”,相当于write a letter/some letters to sb.,其反义词是hear from sb.或get/receive a letter/some letters from sb.,意思是“收到某人的来信”。例如:He writes to me every week.他每周都给我写信。Please write to me soon.请及早给我写信。Did you ever hear from the boy?你收到男孩的来信了吗?I often hear from my pen pal.我经常收到我笔友的来信。We hear from Wuhan often.我们时常接到从武汉来的信。Do you often hear from him?你经常收到他的信吗?I’m very glad to get a letter from you.我很高兴收到你的来信。【注意】write to sb.和hear from sb.这两个短语以及其同义短语,宾语都是人。判断:⑴How often do you hear a letter from your parents?你多久收到一次你父母的来信?⑵Did you write to your parents’letter?你给你父母写信了吗?⑶The boy is write a letter to his parents.这个男孩正在给他父母写信。选择:⑴How often do you ____your brother? A. hear about B. hear of C. hear to D. hear from ⑵Do you often hear your brother? A.of B.from C. out of D.about 改为同义句:Do you often hear from Tom? →Do you often ( )( ) from Tom?(get/receive letters)汉译英:昨天你收到汤姆的信了吗?___you____ ____Tom yesterday? (Did hear from)
【试题链接】I hope you your parents soon 。
A hear from B will hear from C hear of D will hear of
(句意:我希望你不久就会受到你父母的来信。hear from“收到…的信”;hear of “听说”,带入句中不符合题意。淘汰C、D。soon“不久”,表将来时态。所以句子使用一般将来时。选择B)
【拓展记忆】write back to sb.意为“给某人写回信”。例如:I write back to him to thank him for the invitation.我给他写回信以感谢他的邀请。
12.It’s hot in your country now,isn’t it?你们国家现在很热,对吗?
【重点注释】①本句是一个反意疑问句,表示提出情况和看法,问对方同意与否,或表示提问人的看法,没有把握,需要对方证实。反意疑问句,又叫附加疑问句,都有两部分组成,前一部分为陈述形式(即陈述句,含肯定陈述句或否定陈述句),后一部分为简短问句。如果前一部分为肯定形式,后一部分通常用否定形式(翻译成:是吗?不是吗?);如果前一部分为否定形式,后一部分通常用肯定形式(翻译成:是吗?是吧?)。后一部分的主谓与前一部分的主谓在人称、时态和数上要保持一致,尤其注意后一部分的主语要用人称代词(不能是指示代词this,that,these,those)。
反意疑问句基本句子结构有以下两种:
⑴肯定陈述句+简略否定问句(not必须缩写),即:前肯后否。例如:It’s very hot today,isn’t it?今天很热,是吗?Your mother goes to work every day, doesn’t she?你妈妈每天都去上班,是吗?It’s a nice day,isn’t it?今天天气很好,不是吗?That sounds good,doesn’t it?那听起来很好,不是吗?She was ill yesterday, wasn’t she?她昨天病了,不是吗?
⑵否定陈述句(或有never,seldom, hardly,few,little,barely, scarcely, nothing 等否定词时)+简略肯定问句,即:前否后肯。例如:Bill doesn’t want to go shopping,does he?比尔不想去购物,是吧?You didn’t go, did you?你没有去,是吗?He can hardly swim, can he?他几乎不会游泳,是吧?They seldom come late, do they?他们很少迟到,是吧?
【注意】⑴think,believe,suppose,imagine,expect等动词后接宾语从句,如果含有not的否定句,那么应将否定移到主句。例如:I don't think the party is very good,is it? ⑵当陈述部分的主语是I , everyone, everything, nobody 时,后面的疑问句应表示为: I am a student, aren’t I ?Everyone is in the classroom, aren’t they? Everything begins to grow in spring, doesn’t it?Nobody will go, will they? ⑶当陈述部分是I think 加从句时,疑问句应和从句的人称时态保持一致。I think chickens can swim, can’t they? I think Lucy is a good girl, isn’t she? I didn't think he was happy, was he?⑷陈述部分有had better 时,疑问句应用hadn’t开头:you’d better get up early, hadn’t you? ⑸省去主语的祈使句的反意疑问句,疑问部分用will you。Don't do that again, will you? Go with me, will you / won't you ?注意:Let's 开头的祈使句,后用shall we? Let us 开头的祈使句,后用will you?例如:Let's go and listen to the music, shall we? Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you ? ⑹陈述部分有情态动词can时,附加疑问部分分两种情况:一是表能力时,前面肯定则后面用否定can't;前面否定则后面用肯定can,如:He can’t ride a bike, can he?;二是表猜测时,前面是肯定后面用 be动词否定形式或者助动词否定形式+主语(代词)。反之亦然。It can be right,isn't it? It can happen soon,doesn't it? ⑺当陈述部分有情态动词must时,附加疑问部分有4种情况:(1)mustn't表示“禁止,不可,不必”时,附加问句通常要用must。例如:You mustn't stop your car here,must you?你不能把车停在这地方,知道吗?(2)must表示“有必要”时,附加问句通常要用needn't。例如:They must finish the work today,needn't they?他们今天要完成这项工作,是吗?(3)当must用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时,问句通常要根据must后面的动词采用相应的形式。例如:He must be good at English,isn't he?他英语一定学得很好,是吗?(4)当must+have done表示对过去的情况进行推测(一般句中有明确的过去时间状语),问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“wasn't/weren't+主语”;如果强调动作的完成(一般没有明确的过去时间状语),问句要用“haven't/hasn't+主语”。例如:She must have read the novel last week,didn't she?她上星期一定读了这本小说,是吗?You must have told her about it,haven't you?你一定把这事告诉她了,是吗?⑻当陈述部分有情态动词need时,前面肯定后面否定;前面否定后面肯定。例如:We need not do it again, need we ?要注意:如果是作动词的时候,附加疑问部分要用don't /doesn't+主语?例如:They need you,don't they? ⑼陈述部分有have to +v. (had to + v.),疑问部分常用don't +主语(didn't +主语)。例如:We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we? ⑽陈述部分是"there be"结构的,疑问部分用there省略主语代词。例如:There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?There will not be any trouble, will there? ⑾感叹句中,疑问部分用be +主语。例如:What colours, aren't they? What a smell, isn't it? ⑿陈述部分主语是指示代词或不定代词everything, that, nothing, this, 疑问部分主语用it;陈述部分主语是指示代词these,those,疑问部分主语用they。例如:Everything is ready, isn't it?Those are apples,aren’t they?⒀陈述部分有You'd like to +v. 疑问部分用wouldn't +主语。例如:You'd like to go with me, wouldn't you? ⒁陈述部分的谓语是wish,疑问部分要用may +主语。例如:I wish to have a word with you, may I?
【反义疑问句的回答】用yes,no来回答,相当于一般疑问句的回答。分两种情况:⑴当陈述部分是肯定形式时,即:前肯后否,回答相当于一般疑问句的回答,翻译汉语时也相当于一般疑问句的翻译。例如:It’s a nice day,isn’
t it?今天天气很好,不是吗?——Yes,it is.是的,是个好天气。——No,it isn’t.不,不是个好天气。⑵当陈述部分是否定形式时,即:前否后肯,回答也相当于一般疑问句的回答,但翻译汉语时yes要翻译成“不”,no要翻译成“是”。例如:⑴They don’t work hard, do they? 他们不太努力工作,是吗?——Yes, they do. 不, 他们工作努力。——No, they don’t. 对,他们工作不努力。⑵The book isn't great,is it?如果想说这本书是好的的话,就用Yes,it is(不,它是);如果这本书不好,就用No,it isn't(是的,它不是)【注意】总之,不管哪种情况,都不能说:Yes, they don’t./ No, they do.或者Yes,it isn’t./ No,it is.即:英语的回答,yes后永远是肯定的形式,no后永远是否定的形式,其差别仅仅是汉语意思的差别。
【试题链接】——It’s Father’s Day today, ?
——Yes.Let’s buy a gift for Dad.
A.isn’t it B.doesn’t it C.isn’t he D.doesn’t he
(本题考查反意疑问句的用法。根据“前肯后否;前否后肯”的原则,由It’s…可知反意疑问句应用isn’t it。答案:A)
【试题链接】There is little milk in the fridge, ?
A.is there B.isn’t it C.isn’t there D.is it
(little“几乎没有”,表示否定,反意疑问句遵循前否后肯的原则,所以疑问部分用is there,答案:A)
②country可数名词,意为“国家”,其复数形式为countries。例如:China is a large country.中国一个大国。I love my country very much.我十分热爱我的祖国。Does he like that country?他喜欢那个国家吗?
【拓展记忆】1)country作名词时,还可意为“乡下,农村”,相当于countryside,常用单数形式,与the连用。例如:He lives in the country.他住在乡下。2)country作形容词,用于名词前,作定语,意为“民间的;乡间的;农村的”。例如:the country music民间音乐;the country club乡间俱乐部;country life乡村生活。
13.The weather here is cool and cloudy,just right for walking.这儿的天气凉爽且多云,散步正合适。
【重点注释】课本原句= The weather here is cool and cloudy.The weather here is just right for walking.此句中,right for…适合……;just right for…意为“正好合适……;……正合适;正适合;正好适用;正好适合;恰好宜于”。for为介词,其后可接名词、代词或动名词(v.ing)形式。just right for doing sth.做某事正合适。例如:The books are just right for students in Grade7.这些书七年级学生用正合适。The coat’s just right for you.那件大衣你穿正合适。It’s warm today,just right for playing in the park.今天暖和,正适合在公园里玩。What's too much for me,just right for two,but nothing at all for three? A secret (秘密)什么东西对我一个人来说太多,对两个人来说正好,对三个人来说就什么也不是了?秘密。[美国人常说“Just between you and me”意即“keep it a secret”(仅限于你我之间,请保守秘密)。]
【拓展记忆】just 作副词用时,“仅仅”这个含义用的更多,“恰恰”用的很少,如“That's just what I want.”那恰好是我想要的。right 作副词用时,译成“正好”更准确,“It's right in front of you.就在你前面”“He was standing right in the middle of the lawn.他站在草坪的正中央”。
【辨析记忆】It's just a present for you .只是给你的一份小礼品。
【比较记忆】1)It's a present just for you.只为你准备的一个礼物。
句子突出只为你,表示诚意。2)It's just a present for you.仅仅是一个小礼物送给你。句子突出礼物的微薄,表示谦虚。
14.See you next month.下个月见。
【重点注释】See you next month下个月见,See you next year下年见。next/last+时间,前不带介词,中间不带冠词the……。例如:I'm going to Beijing next month.下个月我要去北京。I went to Beijing last year.去年我去了北京了。
15.Friends are buying Russian bread to take home.朋友们正在买俄罗斯面包带回家里。
【重点注释】①take sth. home把某物带回家,home副词,take sth.there把某物带到那里。例如:Please take the vegetables home/there.请把菜带回家/带到那儿。take sth.to sb.“把某物带给某人” (bring sth to sb.“将某物带回某人” )。例如:I took the book to John.我把书带给了约翰。take sth.to sw.“把某物带到某地” (bring sth to sw.“将某物带回某地” )。 例如:I took the book to school.我带着书去上学。【注意】take 指把某物从说话者处带走。Take this empty box away and bring me a full one.把这个空盒子拿走,给我拿一个满的来。bring指把某物带到说话者处。Please bring your textbook here.请把课本带到这儿来。
②buy sth. to do sth.买东西干什么。例如:I want to buy a bike to ride to school.我想买一辆自行车骑着上学。
16.One girl is skating on a river and a man is taking a photo of a snowman.一个女孩正在河上滑冰,一位男士正在拍一张雪人的照片。
【重点注释】①one girl中的one意为“一个;唯一”,强调数量,而后面a man中的a不强调数量。例如:I have only one sister.She is a teacher.我只有一个姐姐。她是一位教师。
②skate on a river在河面上滑冰。swim in the river在河里游泳。
③take a photo为固定词组,意为“拍照;照相”,相当于take photos。take a photo of sb./sth.意为“给某人/某物照相;拍一张某人/某物的照片”。例如:They are taking photos of the panda.他们在给那只熊猫拍照。
【拓展记忆】与take相关的词组:take a walk散步;
take a bus乘公共汽车;take some exercises锻炼身体;take a vacation休假。
④snowman意为“雪人”,其复数形式是snowmen。
例如:We’re making a snowman.我们在堆一个雪人。
Now you have two snowmen.现在你有了两个雪人。 make a snowman
The all like making snowmen in the winter.他们都喜欢在冬天堆雪人。
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