初二上册英语语法总结1 20页

选择填空 ‎(  B ) 1. – What’s the matter with you?‎ ‎-- I had ___ bad cold and had to stay in_____ bed ‎   A. a; /           B. a; the        C. a; a      D. the; the ‎(  C ) 2. – When__did______( he _____　to our school?)‎ ‎  --- About two hours ‎   A. does; come              B. did; come                ‎ ‎ C. did; came                D. do; come ‎(  B ) 3. The meat is __　expensive and eating __ meat is bad for your health.‎ ‎   A. too much; much too        B. much too; too much ‎   C. too much; too much        D. much too; much too;‎ ‎(  D ) 4. It’ s interesting ___ a book like this.‎ ‎    A. read                B. reads               C. reading                  D. to read ‎(C   ) 5. What about___ English with me?‎ ‎    A. study              B. studies             C. studying                  D. to study ‎(C   ) 6. If you want to be in good ____, you should eat ____ food.‎ ‎    A. healthy; healthy             B. health; health           C. healthy; health         D. health; healthy ‎(D   ) 7. Is there ____ wrong with your computer?‎ ‎    A. something              B. anything          C. everything        D. some ‎(B   ) 8. – Could you give me_____ ? 建议 ‎ ‎-- Sure.‎ ‎     A. some advice         B. some advices                 C. any advice              D. any advices ‎(D   ) 9. They are___  next month.‎ ‎    A. go to camp            B. go camping             C. going camping         D. going camp ‎(D   ) 10. That sound_____.‎ ‎     A. interesting                   B. interested                C. interest                    D. to interest ‎(A) 11.The child likes to do____ .‎ ‎  A. things different B. something different      C. different something  D. different anything ‎( C ) 12. – May I ask you______ question?‎ ‎        -- Sure ‎     A. any        B. much         C. some        D. a little beauty beautiful ‎(C ) 13. At last he decided_________ the new plan.‎ ‎     A. at                  B. to                     C. on             D. for ‎(A) 14. The old people like____ after dinner, because it’s good for their health.‎ ‎     A. taking walks         B. taking walk             ‎ ‎ C. going for walk         D. go to walks ‎(C) 15. Brace is going fishing, ____ his brother isn’t. He has much work to do.‎ ‎     A. and               B. so             C. but                   D. because ‎(B) 16. --_____ do you come to school?‎ ‎       --_____ foot.‎ ‎     A. What; On           B. How; On         C. What; By      D. How; By ‎(C  ) 17. Sometimes I go _____ with my father.‎ ‎     A. fish               B. fishing              C. to fish              D. fishes ‎(B   ) 18. It took me around______ hour to finish my homework yesterday.‎ ‎     A. a                   B. an             C. the                   D. /‎ ‎(B   ) 19. Where to go depends ______ the place where you like.‎ ‎     A. in          B. with          C. on             D. by ‎(B   ) 20. It____ fifteen minutes to walk to school.‎ ‎    A. spends            B. costs                C. takes               D. pays ‎(B   ) 21. The number of the children in her family_____ there ‎    A. am                  B. is              C. are                   D. be ‎( A  ) 22. Please wait for a moment; I have ____ to tell you.‎ ‎   A. interesting something              B. something interesting ‎   C. interesting anything          D. anything interesting ‎(B   ) 23. I want to know______.‎ A. where does he live        B. how far is it C. who is he                      D. how he goes to school ‎( A  ) 24. --- Can you go to the bank with me? ‎ ‎       -----______.‎ ‎     A. Sure, I’d love to                 B. Yes, I’d love ‎     C. No, Please                         D. No, I’d love ‎(A   ) 25. --- Let’s go out and play games.‎ ‎       --- Sorry, I have ______ work to do.‎ ‎    A. much too               B. too much                 C. too many                D. many too ‎(A   ) 26. He left____ Hong Kong ____ the morning of September 8th ‎    A. to; on              B. for; in        C. to; in                D. for; on ‎(  D ) 27. My good friend can play _____ soccer well, but he can’t play_____ guitar.‎ ‎    A. a; the              B. the; the             C. /; the                D. the; /‎ ‎( A  ) 28. --- I’m going hiking in the mountains with my friends tomorrow.‎ ‎        ----________‎ A. Congratulations      B. Thanks a lot     ‎ C. Have a good time    D. Sorry to hear that ‎( D  ) 29.--- Must I finish my homework today ‎      ----- No, you_____‎ ‎    A. can’t               B. may not          C. mustn’t    D. needn’t ‎( D  ) 30. She finished_____  her postcards two days ago.‎ ‎     A. write                    B. wrote               C. writing         D. writes ‎( A  ) 31. --- Why____ fishing tomorrow?‎ ‎        -- Good idea!‎ ‎     A. don’t go        B. not go    C. not to go    D. don’t you going ‎( D  ) 32. They _____ the Great Wall next holiday.‎ ‎     A. visit        B. are visit           C. are visiting        D. visited ‎（B  ）33. There are many _____ between the two picture .‎ A. different          B. differents          C. differences       D. difference ‎（C  ）34.Milk is good _____ our ____ .‎ ‎   A. to; healthy                            B. to; health             ‎ C. for; healthy                    D. for; health ‎(C   ) 35. --- ______ do you go skating?‎ ‎      ---- Every day.‎ ‎   A. How often              B. How many    C. How much   D. How long ‎（A   ）36. --How often do they go to the movies?‎ ‎--- _______‎ A. twice a week         B. a week twice    ‎ C. twice of a week             D. twice week ‎( C  ) 37. There is ___ milk in the bottle.‎ ‎     A. few        B. a few        C. a lot of             D. many ‎(A  ) 38. The policeman told the boys ____ in the street.‎ ‎    A. not play          B. not to play        C. not playing     D. to not play ‎(A  ) 39. There are three ____ in the factory.‎ ‎     A. woman drivers            B. women drivers ‎ ‎ C. woman driver          D. women driver ‎(C  ) 40. I want you ____ with me every day.‎ ‎       A. exercise           B. exercises          C. exercising     D. to exercise ‎(A  ) 41. My sister likes fruit, _____ she doesn’t like vegetables.‎ ‎       A. but            B. and           C. or             D. also ‎(D  ) 42. _____ grandmother often cooks delicious food for____‎ ‎       A. He; his             B. His; he             C. He; him            D. His; him ‎(D  ) 43. – What can Bill and Cindy do?‎ ‎-- Bill can play ____ soccer and Cindy can play ____ piano.‎ ‎      A. the; the              B. / ;/            C. the; /         D. / ; the ‎(C  ) 44. I will give my baby ____ to eat.‎ ‎      A. healthy something                           B. healthy anything             ‎ C. something healthy                          D. anything healthy ‎(B  ) 45. Smoking is ___ your health.‎ ‎      A. good for            B. bad for             C. good to           D. bad to ‎(A  ) 46. _____ computer games, I like them very much.‎ ‎      A. As for                B. As on              C. About           D. All above  ‎ ‎1. so+谓语+主语：…也一样. 谓语:be动词/助动词/情态动词 ‎2. so+主语+谓语:的确如此,真的这样.‎ ‎3. help yourself/yurselves to．．．请随便吃点．．．‎ ‎4. 发现sb做sth : find sb doing sth ‎5. 不完全同意I don’t really agree.‎ 完全不同意I really don’t agree.‎ ‎6. 或者．．或者．．．either…or…..就近原则 既不．．也不．．neither…nor….就近原则 既．．．．又．．．both…and….谓语用复数 ‎7. 看起来，似乎It seems/seemed that…..‎ ‎8. 由于．．．而闻名be famous for….‎ Key Phrases （重点短语）：‎ ‎1. how often 多长时间一次 2. junk food 垃圾食品 ‎3. a lot of 许多 4. hardly ever 很少 ‎5. start with 以…开始 6. try to do sth. 试着去做某事 ‎7. look after 照料 8. be kind of unhealthy 有点不健康 ‎9. once a day 一天一次 10. twice a month 一个月两次 ‎11. be good for 对…有好处 12. once in a while 偶尔 ‎13. see a doctor / dentist 看病/看牙医 ‎14. get a cold / fever 感冒/发烧 ‎15. have a stomachache 肚子疼 ‎16. have a toothache 牙疼 17. have a sore throat 嗓子疼 ‎18. lie down and rest 躺下休息 ‎19. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶 ‎20. be stressed out 紧张 ‎21. listen to … 听…‎ ‎22. get tired 变的疲劳 23. keep healthy 保持健康 ‎24. at the moment 此刻；目前 25. watch TV 看电视 ‎26. play basketball 打篮球 27. babysit her sister 照看她的妹妹 ‎28. visit my friend 拜访我的朋友29. relax at home 在家放松 ‎30. sports camp 运动野营 31. something interesting ‎32. go hiking / camping / fishing / shopping / sightseeing去徒步旅行/野营/钓鱼/购物/观光 ‎33. go away 离开 34. get back to school 返回学校 ‎35. stay for a week 呆一个星期 ‎ ‎36. go bike riding 骑自行车兜风 ‎37. takes walks 散步 38. rent videos 租录像带 ‎39. sleep a lot 睡得多 40. think about 考虑 ‎41. take the subway / bus / boat / plane乘地铁/公共车/小船/飞机 ‎42. get to 到达 ‎43. go by bus / plane / boat 乘公共车/飞机/小船 ‎44. train / subway / bus station 火车/地铁/公共车站 ‎45. bus ride 乘公共车的旅行 46. ride a bike 骑自行车 ‎47. bus stop 公共汽车站 48. on foot 步行 ‎49. leave for 离开去… 50. school bus 学校班车 ‎51. the early bus 早班车 52. be different from 与…不同 ‎53. half past six 六点半 54. in North America 在北美洲 ‎55. a quick breakfast 快捷的早餐 56. need to do 需要做…‎ ‎57. more than 多于 58. play soccer 踢足球 ‎59. baseball game 棒球比赛 60. school team 校队 ‎61. come over to 过来到… 62. the day after tomorrow 后天 ‎63. be good at 擅长于… 64. two years ago 两年前 ‎65. be outgoing 外向的 66. all the time 一直 ‎67. in some ways 在一些方面 68. look the same 看起来一样 ‎69. talk to everyone 与大家谈话 70. make me laugh 使我笑 Key Sentence Structures 重要句型： ‎ Unit 1: ‎ ‎ 1.－What do you usually do on weekends? ‎ ‎ －I usually go to the movies. ‎ ‎ 2.－What does he sometimes do on weekends? ‎ ‎ －He sometimes surfs the Internet. ‎ ‎ 3. How often do you exercise? ‎ ‎ I exercise once a week.‎ ‎4. How often does she eat vegetables? ‎ She eats vegetables three times a day. ‎ ‎5. Most of the students go to the beach every year. ‎ ‎6. It makes a big difference to my grades. ‎ ‎7. My eating habits are pretty good. ‎ Unit 2: ‎ ‎1. What’s the matter? ‎ ‎ What’s wrong? ‎ ‎ What’s the trouble? ‎ ‎2. I’m not feeling well. I have a cold / fever/ stomachache / sore throat. /I have a lot of headaches.‎ ‎3. Maybe you should see the doctor / dentist. ‎ ‎ You should drink some hot tea with honey. ‎ ‎4. You shouldn’t eat anything for 24 hours. ‎ ‎5. Don’t get stressed out. It will make you sick. ‎ ‎6. I’m sorry to hear that you are not feeling well. ‎ Unit 3 ‎ ‎1.－What is she doing for vacation? ‎ ‎ －She is babysitting her little sister. ‎ ‎ －That sounds nice / interesting. ‎ ‎2.－When are you going? ‎ ‎ －I’m going on Monday. ‎ ‎3.－Where are they going? ‎ ‎ －They are going to Tibet. ‎ ‎4.－Who is she going with? ‎ ‎ －She is going with her parents. ‎ ‎5.－How long is he staying. ‎ ‎ －He is staying for a week. ‎ ‎6.－How is the weather there? ‎ ‎ －I’m hoping the weather will be nice. ‎ ‎7. He is leaving for Hong Kong the first week in June. ‎ ‎8. Have a good time. ‎ Unit 4: ‎ ‎1.－How do you get to school? ‎ ‎ －I get to school by bus. ‎ ‎2.－How does he go to work? ‎ ‎ －He usually walks to school. ‎ ‎3.－How long does it take? ‎ ‎ －It takes about twenty minutes. ‎ ‎4.－How far is it from his home to school? ‎ ‎ －It’s three miles. ‎ ‎5. What do you think of the transportation in your town? ‎ Unit 5: ‎ ‎1.－Can you come to my party on Wednesday? ‎ ‎ －Sure, I’d love to. / I’m sorry, I have to have a piano lesson. ‎ ‎2.－Can she go to the movies on Saturday? ‎ ‎ －No, she can’t. She has to help her mom. ‎ ‎3.－Can you go to the concert on Monday? ‎ ‎ －When is it? ‎ ‎ －It’s at four o’clock on Friday. ‎ ‎4. Thanks a lot for the invitation. ‎ ‎5. I’m going to study for a test this evening. ‎ ‎6. What’s the date today? ‎ Unit 6 ‎ ‎1. Pedro is funnier than Paul. ‎ ‎2. Tina is （a little）taller than Tara. ‎ ‎3. I am more athletic than my best friend. ‎ ‎4. My hair is longer than hers. ‎ ‎5. Liu Ying is not as good as her sister. ‎ ‎6. In some ways, we look the same. ‎ ‎7. For me, a good friend likes doing the same things as me. ‎ ‎8. I’m quieter than most of the kids in my class, and so is my friend. ‎ ‎9. Who do you think should get the job, Ruth or Rose? ‎ IV. Grammar语法： ‎ Unit 1: ‎ ‎1. 表频率的词汇和短语： ‎ always usually often never hardly ever ‎ sometimes seldom once a day twice a month ‎ three times a week every two weeks once in a while ‎ ‎2. 做事情的频率（how often you do things）: ‎ ‎ －What do you usually do in the morning? ‎ ‎ －I usually read English books. Sometimes I walk in the garden. ‎ ‎ I hardly ever exercise. I eat vegetables twice a week, but I never eat junk food. ‎ ‎3. 如何提问频率“多久一次” ‎ ‎ －How often does he play tennis? ‎ ‎ －He plays tennis every day. ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎－How often do you drink milk? ‎ ‎ －I drink milk once a day. ‎ ‎ －How often do they go to the movies? ‎ ‎ －Sometimes. ‎ Unit 2: ‎ ‎ 1. 询问别人身体状况： ‎ ‎ What’s wrong with you? ‎ ‎ What’s the matter with you? ‎ ‎ What’s the trouble? ‎ ‎ 2. 提出建议（give advice and make suggestions） ‎ ‎ －What’s wrong with you? ‎ ‎ －I have a headache. ‎ ‎ －You should go to bed and have a rest. You shouldn’t work late. ‎ ‎ －I have a fever. ‎ ‎ －You should drink a lot of water. You shouldn’t be stressed out. ‎ Unit 3： ‎ 一般将来时： ‎ ‎1. 现在进行时“be+动词ing”可以用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作。 ‎ ‎ －What are you doing for vacation? ‎ ‎ －I’m visiting Tibet. ‎ ‎ －Where are you going on May Day? ‎ ‎ －I’m going to the beach. ‎ ‎ －How many students are coming to out party tomorrow? ‎ ‎ －Fifty. ‎ ‎2. “be going to +动词原形”表示主观打算去做某事，表示“人”打算，计划，决定要去做的事。 ‎ ‎ They are going to travel in China. ‎ ‎ Look at the clouds! It is going to rain. ‎ ‎ －Are you going to be a teacher when you grow up? ‎ ‎ －Yes, I am. ‎ ‎3. 用“shall＋动词原形”或“will＋动词原形”表示一般将来时。 ‎ ‎（shall只用于第一人称） ‎ ‎ We shall go to the beach this Sunday. ‎ ‎ My brother will finish middle school in a year. ‎ ‎ These birds won’t fly to the south in winter. ‎ ‎ When will they begin the work? ‎ Unit 4： ‎ 谈论如何到达某地，以及以何种方式到达某地。 ‎ ‎ －How do you get to the museum? ‎ ‎ －I get to the museum by subway. Sometimes I ride my bike to the museum. ‎ 注意区别： ‎ ‎（1）take the bus = go by bus ‎ ‎ eg: I take the bus to get to school. ‎ ‎ = I get to school by bus. ‎ ‎ take the train = go by train ‎ eg: He takes the train to go to school. ‎ ‎ He gets to school by train. ‎ ‎ take the subway = go by subway ‎ ‎ take a taxi = go by taxi ‎ ‎ go in a car = go by car ‎ ‎ ride a bike = go by bike ‎ ‎ walk = go on foot ‎ How引导的疑问句： ‎ ‎ 1. How does Lucia get to work? （提问方式“如何”） ‎ ‎ 2. Dave is going to travel to Paris by plane. How long does it take? ‎ ‎ （提问时间长短“多长时间”） ‎ ‎ 3. How far is it from the post office to the museum? ‎ ‎ （提问距离“多远”） ‎ ‎ 4. How often does Kate swim in the river? （提问频率“多久一次”） ‎ ‎ 5. How old is the little boy? （提问年龄“多大”） ‎ ‎ 6. How many cows are there? （提问数量“多少”many后跟可数名词） ‎ ‎ 7. How much water is there in the bottle? ‎ ‎ （提问数量“多少”much后跟不可数名词） ‎ ‎ 8. How much is the doll? ‎ ‎ （提问价钱“多少钱”） ‎ ‎ 9. How tall is his teacher? ‎ ‎ （提问高度“多高”） ‎ ‎ 10. How was the weather? ‎ ‎ （提问程度“怎样”） ‎ Unit 5 ‎ ‎ 情态动词“can”表示可能性，或现在决定将来的事。 ‎ ‎ 练习用“Can …? ”发出邀请，接受或拒绝并给出原因： ‎ ‎ －Can you come to my party on Monday? ‎ ‎ －Sure, I’d love to. / Sorry, I can’t. I have to study for a test. ‎ ‎ －Can she go to the movies? ‎ ‎ －No, she can’t. She has to do her homework. ‎ ‎ －Can he go to the football game tomorrow? ‎ ‎ －No, he can’t. He has a driving lessons. ‎ ‎ －Can they go to the concert tonight? ‎ ‎ －No, they can’t. They are visiting their uncle. ‎ Unit 6: ‎ 形容词比较级： ‎ 形容词比较级是用来表示事物的等级差别。 ‎ I. 形容词比较级的构成： ‎ 规则变化： ‎ ‎1. 一般单音节词末尾加－er。 ‎ ‎ tall－taller great－greater ‎ ‎2. ‎ 以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以－le结尾的双音节词只加－r。 ‎ ‎ nice－nicer large－larger able－abler ‎ ‎3. 以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节单音节词，双写结尾的辅音字母，再加－er。 ‎ ‎ big－bigger hot－hotter ‎ ‎4. “辅音字母＋y”结尾的双音节词，改y为i，再加－er。 ‎ ‎ easy－easier busy－busier ‎ ‎5. 少数以－er，－ow结尾的双音节词末尾加－er. ‎ ‎ clever－cleverer narrow－narrower ‎ ‎6. 其他双音节词和多音节词，在前面加more来构成比较级。 ‎ ‎ important－more important beautiful－more beautiful ‎ ‎ 不规则变化： ‎ ‎ good－better well（健康的）－better ‎ ‎ bad－worse ill－worse ‎ ‎ old－older / elder many－more ‎ ‎ much－more little（少的）－less ‎ ‎ far（远的）－farther / further ‎ II. 比较级句型： ‎ ‎1. 比较级＋than … …比…较为 ‎ A ＋动词＋形容词比较级＋than＋B. ‎ 两者相比较，A比B更…一些。 ‎ ‎ I am older than you. ‎ ‎ Mary is happier than Jane. ‎ ‎ His brother is younger than I（me）. ‎ ‎ Beijing is more beautiful than Wuhan. ‎ ‎ My sister has longer hair than Tara. ‎ ‎ Her mother is thinner than her father. ‎ ‎ Jack is taller than Tom. ‎ ‎2. as…as ‎ A+动词+as+形容词原级+as+B.表示A和B两者比较，程度相同，“…和…相同”。 ‎ ‎ My uncle is as tall as your father. ‎ ‎ Tom is as honest as John. ‎ ‎ My dog is as old as that one. ‎ A…＋not＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋B 表示A，B两者程度不同，即A不如B那么… ‎ ‎ My uncle is not as tall as your father. ‎ ‎ Tom is not as honest as John. ‎ ‎ This jacket is not as cheap as that one. ‎ ‎3. the same as 与…相同。 ‎ ‎ My friend is the same as me. We are both quiet. ‎ ‎ A good friend likes to do the same things as me. ‎ Rain----rainy cloud --------cloudy wind ----------windy ‎ Any 否定句 一般疑问句 Some 1肯定句 ‎2特殊 表示委婉邀请比如 可以----- 一般疑问句