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教师
学生
时间和时段
年 月 日
( : — : )
学科
英语
年级
八年级上
教材名称
人教版 新目标
授课题目
Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?
课 次
第( )次课
本节课目标:1.掌握一般过去时
2. 掌握不定代词的用法
重点单词
(一)不定代词
1. anyone pron. 任何人 = anybody 2. someone pron. 某人 = somebody
3. everyone pron. 每人; 人人; 所有人 = everybody 4. anywhere adv. 在任何地方
5. something pron. 某事;某物 6. anything 任何事物(东西)
7. nothing(= not anything) pron. 没有什么;没有一件东西
(二)
1. seem v. 好像;似乎;看来→ seem (to be)+adj./n. 似乎是→ seem to do sth. 似乎要干某事
2. decide v. 决定;选定→ decide to do sth./decide on doing sth. 决定做某事→ decision n. 决定
3.try v.& n. 尝试;设法;努力→ try to do sth. 努力做某事 → try doing sth. 试着做某事
4. wonder v. 想知道;琢磨→ wonderful adj. 精彩的
5. wait v. 等待;等候→ wait for 等待
6. dislike v. & n. 不喜爱(的事物);厌恶(的事物)
7. wonderful adj. 精彩的; 绝妙的→ wonder n. 惊奇;奇迹→ wonder v. 想知道
8. few adj.& pron. 不多;很少→ a few /few + 可数名词; a little/ little + 不可数名词
9. most adj. & adv. & pron. 最多; 大多数→ most of大多数
10. bored adj. 厌倦的; 烦闷的 ( 人作主语)→ boring adj. 令人厌倦的(物作主语)
11. enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的;令人愉快的→ enjoy v. 喜欢
12. wet adj. 湿的;下雨的→(反义词)dry adj.干的
13. hungry adj. 饥饿的→(反义词)full 饱的
14. hen n. 母鸡 15. pig n. 猪 16. bird n. 鸟 17. duck n. 鸭
18. umbrella n. 伞;雨伞 19. top n. 顶部;表面→ on the top of 在……顶部
20. difference n. 差别;差异→ different adj. 不同的→ be different from 不同于
21. trader n. 商人→ trade v/n. 贸易 22. bicycle n. 自行车;脚踏车→ bicycles(复数)
23. building n. 建筑物; 房子→ build v. 建筑→ builder 建设者
24. activity n. 活动 →复数 activities 25. diary n. 日记;记事簿→复数diaries
26. myself pron. 我自己; 我本人→ ourselves 我们自己
27. yourself pron. 你自己; 您自己→ yourselves 你们自己
28. below prep.& adv. 在……下面(温度低于用below);到……下面→(反义词)above 在……上面
under在……下面(垂直的)→(反义词)over
重点短语
1. go on vacation 去度假 2. quite a few 相当多;不少
3. most of the time 大部分时间 4. stay at home 呆在家里
5. go to the beach 去海滩 6. visit museums 参观博物馆
7. anything special 任何特别的东西 8. go out 出去
9. take photos 照相 10. have a good time 玩得开心=enjoy oneself=have fun
11. of course 当然=certainly 12. in the countryside 在乡村
13. bye for now 再见;就此止笔,结束 14. keep a diary 记日记
15. in the past 在过去 16. walk around 四处走走
17. because of 因为 18. one bowl of... 一碗……
19. the next day 第二天 20. the top of……的顶部
21. find out 查明;弄清=discover 22. up and down 上上下下
23. in excitement 兴奋地 24. come up 升起
重点句子
1—Where did you go on vacation? 你假期去哪儿了?
—I went to New York City. 我去纽约了。
2. —Did you go out with anyone? 你和其他人出去的吗?
—No. No one was here. Everyone was on vacation. 不是的,没有人在这儿。所有人都去度假了。
3. How did you like it? 你觉得它怎么样? 4. How did you feel about the trip ?你感觉旅行怎么样?
5.Long time no see.好久不见。 6. What a difference a day makes! 一天的差异是多么大啊!
7. Oh, did you go anywhere interesting? 哦,你去任何有趣的地方了吗?
8. Still no one seemed to be bored.不过好像没有人感到无聊。
9. The only problem was that there was nothing much to do in the evening but read. 唯一的问题是在晚上除了读书没什么事情可做。
10. I felt like I was a bird. 我感觉我像只鸟。
11. I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道在过去这儿的生活是什么样的。
12. My legs were so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的腿如此累以至于我想停下来。
重点语法
1.一般过去时
定义:一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
结构:(1)主系表:主语+was/were+其他.
(2)主谓宾:主语+谓语动词(过去式)+宾语.
(1)判定一般过去时:
1.通过句子中是否有表示过去的时间状语来判定。
①介词+表示过去时间的年、月、日,如in 1983等。
②yesterday以及由yesterday构成的短语:yesterday morning/afternoon/evening,the day before yesterday。
③带有ago的短语,如three days ago,five years ago。
④last构成的短语,如last week/year/month等。
⑤表示过去的词或短语,如once,at that time,just now等。
2.两个或两个以上动词用and连接时,若前一个动词为过去式,后面的动词也要用其过去式。
eg: I turned on the TV, sat down and watched the program. 我打开了电视,坐下来看节目。
练习:My mother had breakfast and _______to work.
A. go B. went C. going D. to go
3.若找不到明显的时间状语,则通过上下文判断。
eg: —Where did you go?你去哪儿了?
—I went to Beijing. 我去北京了。
4. 肯定句如何变为否定句
(1)含有系动词was, were→直接在其后加not
(2)含有情态动词could等时→直接在其后加not
(3)含有实义动词→在该动词前加did not/didn‘t, 并且该动词变为原形
陈述句如何变一般疑问句和特殊疑问句
(1)若句中有be动词或情态动词can, shall, will 等,则把它们移到句首,剩下的照抄(some 改成any, my改成your等)。
Eg : They are in the park .
变为一般疑问句:___________________________
( 2 )上述都没有的,则在句首加助动词Did,谓语动词改为原形,剩下的照抄(some 改成any, my改成your等)。
Eg : You walked home yesterday
变为一般疑问句:_____________________________________.
( 3 ) 特殊疑问句则需在一般疑问句基础上加上特殊疑问词。
Eg : They went to the park last night.(the park划线)
变为特殊疑问句:____________________________________.
专项练习:
1.—A nice car!Is it yours?
—No,it isn't. I it from a friend of mine two days ago.
A. borrow B. have borrowed
C. will borrow D. borrowed
2. My mother had breakfast and to work.
A. go B. went
C. going D. to go
3. Simon looks worried because he ___________ a writing competition and now he’s waiting for the result. (温州)
A. enters B. entered
C. will enter D. is entering
6. quite a few 相当多;不少
重点: quite a few多用于口语中,相当于many,其后谓语动词用复数。
eg:Quite a few students go to school by bike.
拓展:quite作副词,表示“颇;相当”,可以修饰动词、形容词或副词。当它同形容词连用修饰可数名词单数时,quite一般置于冠词a或an之前。 eg:I quite like reading.我很喜欢阅读。
几乎没有,没有一点(否定意义)
有一点,有一些(肯定意义)
接不可数名词单数
little
They has little money.他们没有什么钱
a little
I can speak only a little Chinese.
接可数名词复数
few
He has few friends.他没有几个朋友.
a few
I'm going to buy a few bananas.
辨析:a little,little,a few 与few
7. too many 太多(修饰可数名词复数)
辨析too many, too much与much too
练习:There was_____ ______ traffic, so we were an hour late.
路上车辆太多,所以我们迟到了一个小时。
I have _______ _______ questions to ask.
我有太多的问题要问。
This dress is ________ _______ expensive.这件连衣裙太贵了。
拓展:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。
2.不定代词的用法
定义:不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。
在本单元中,主要出现的不定代词为由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,因此主要详细讲解这
一部分不定代词的用法,在这些复合不定代词中,除no one以外,其他都要写成一个词。
物
something 某物
anything 任何事物
nothing 无物
everything 每一件事
人
somebody = someone 某人
anybody = anyone 任何人
nobody = no one 没有人
everybody = everyone 每人
考点一:由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
1. Something (be) wrong with my watch.
2. Everybody except Mike and Linda_________ there when the meeting began.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
考点二:形容词修饰复合不定代词时,形容词后置。
1. —Is there in today's newspaper?
—Yes, quite a lot.
A. anything interesting B. something interesting
C. interesting anything D. interesting something
2. —Would you please tell me in today's newspaper?
—Sorry, I haven't read it yet.
A. something important B. important something
C. anything important D. important anything
考点三:复合不定代词与动词不定式连用,不定式作后置定语。
I really have something important .
A. do B. to doing
C. to do D. does
四:anyone (pron.) 任何人
anyone 相当于anybody, 常用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。肯定句中用someone。(同some和any的用法)
eg: Did anyone call me just now? 刚才有人给我打过电话吗?
Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲门。
当anyone/anybody表示“任何人”时,可用于肯定句。
eg:Anyone can come here to attend the party. 任何人都可以来这儿参加宴会。
扩展知识
1.(高频)How did you like it?= What do you think of it? 你觉得它怎么样?
常用来询问对方对某人或某事物的看法。
eg: —How do you like the program Keep Running, Jack? 杰克,你认为《奔跑》这个节目怎么样?
—It’s wonderful. 很棒。
练习:
1. —__________do you like Wu Jing’s Wolf Warrior II(《战狼2》)?
—Wonderful! I really like it. It makes me feel so proud of my country.
A. Why B. How C. When D. What
2. —_________?
—Great! Everyone had fun.(昆明)
A. How was the school trip yesterday B. How often do you exercise
C. Did you ride a horse D. Can you do the dishes
2.反身代词
人称 数
单数
复数
第一人称
myself
ourselves
第二人称
yourself
yourselves
第三人称
himself/herself/itself
themselves
(1). 反身代词作宾语,表示主语和宾语为同一个人或事物。
eg:He bought himself a book.他给自己买了一本书。
(2). by oneself 独自
eg: I can finish my homework all by myself everyday.
—Look at this model ship. I made it all by ______ last week.
—Wow, you are so smart!
A. me B. my C. mine D. myself
(3). 相关词组
teach oneself 自学
learn...by oneself 自学……
enjoy oneself 玩得高兴,过得愉快
help oneself to (eat) +food(随便吃…)
I don’t want to be _________ else. I just want to be ________.
A. anybody; myself B. somebody; myself
C. everybody; me D. anybody; me
3. seem /siːm/ v.似乎;好像
seem 作系动词, 意为“好像;似乎;看来”,其后常接形容词作表语。
eg: Everything seems so easy. 一切似乎都很容易。
Her mother seems very happy after hearing the news. 她母亲听到这个消息后似乎很高兴。
常见用法:① seem+ 形容词 似乎……;好像……
② seem+ to do sth. 似乎做某事
③ It seems + that 从句 似乎……
④ It seems as if... 看起来像/ 仿佛……
eg: He seems happy. = He seems to be happy.
=It seems that he is happy. = It seems as if he is happy.
他看上去好像很高兴。
单元检测
单项选择
21.—There are dark clouds,and the wind is blowing(吹) strongly.
—It________ that a typhoon is coming.
A.feels B.sounds
C.seems D.looks
22.You'd better not read today's newspaper because there is________ in it.
A.nothing special B.anything new
C.everything important D.something interesting
23.—Judy and I will go to the beach tomorrow.
—It's so nice. Enjoy________.
A.yourselves B.yourself
C.herself
24. Jim sits behind me, so I sit________him.
A.at the top of B.at the end of
C.in the middle of D.in front of
25. I felt like ________ in the sky like a bird.
A.fly B.flew C.am flying D.flying
26.We still have________ to make this birthday cake look________.
A.time enough; enough good
B.enough time; enough good
C.enough time; good enough
D.enough time; enough well
27.—I'm ________, Mom. Can I have something to eat?
—OK. Here's some bread.
A.full B.heavy C.hungry D.thirsty
28.My sister dislikes________ books but she likes________ the piano.
A. reading; playing B.read; to play
C.read; playing D.reading; play
29.—Can you speak Chinese, Steve?
—Yes, only________. I came to China only a month ago.
A.few B.a few C.little D.a little
30.—Listen! Someone is playing the piano.
—Wow!________beautiful music! I like it very much.
A.What B.How a C.What a D.How
31.—________ you________ to Nanhu Park a week ago?
—Yes. We had a good time there.
A.Do; go
B.Did; go
C.Did; went
32.—Did you watch TV last night?
—________. I watched a soccer game on it.
A.Of course B.Sorry
C.I'm afraid not D.Good luck
33.—________ the heavy rain,we didn't go camping yesterday.
—What a pity!
A.Because that B.Because of
C.Instead of D.As for
34.—How was your day off?
—Pretty good! I ________the Science Museum with my classmates.
A.visited B.visit
C.will visit D.was visiting
35.Please try to ________ home on time. Don't keep us ________.
A.get to;to wait B.arrive in;waiting
C.get; waiting D.reach; to wait
二、完形填空
This week, I asked my classmates about their vacations. Here are some of their answers.
Tina________36to New York City. The________37 was sunny and the people________38 friendly to her. She went there by________39and the bus trip was relaxing. The food was delicious. She had a ________40 vacation.
Sally went to________41 her uncle. Because the weather was windy and________42,__she had to stay at her uncle's house. She watched TV________43 the TV shows were boring. She went shopping with her cousin but the shop assistants were________44 She had a terrible vacation. Tom stayed at home. At first he did his homework. It was a little difficult. Then he_______45 computer games. They were interesting. He thought his vacation was OK.
36. A. go B. goes C. went D. going
37. A. place B. weather C. museum D. beach
38. A. were B. was C. is D. are
39. A. bike B. train C. plane D. bus
40. A. bad B. terrible C. great D. boring
41. A. visit B. find C. look D. read
42. A. rain B. rainy C. sun D. snow
43. A. but B. and C. or D. with
44. A. friend B. unfriend C. friendly D. unfriendly
45. A. play B. played C. listened D. wrote
阅读理解 A
A man and his wife were very poor. They wished to have new clothes and more food.
The man enjoyed eating and liked cakes very much. One night an old woman came to their house and told them she would let them have three wishes. They could wish for anything they wanted.
The man had just finished eating a little bread for his dinner, and he was still hungry. He said,“I wish I had a big cake !”
Suddenly a big cake appeared on his plate.
"You fool! ”his wife cried ,“You should have wished for a house full of wonderful food, but you wished for a pancake. I wish that pancake was on the end of your nose !”
Immediately the cake stuck (粘住) to the end of his nose.
Then the man and his wife started blaming (责怪) each other. “It’s your fault !”the man cried.“No, it’s your fault!” she answered. What could they do? The pancake was still stuck to the husband’s nose.
"Oh!”The wife cried. “I wish none of this had ever happened!”
Immediately the cake was gone, and the man was saying “I’m still hungry. How I wish I had some cakes!”
But of course nothing happened.
46.( )The old woman came to their house when they were having supper.
47( )The cake stuck to the end of the man's nose because it was his wife's wish.
48.( )The man said, "I am still hungry." Because he did not eat the cake.
49.( )At last, the couple(夫妇)had nothing.
50.( )The man and his wife in the story were very greedy (贪婪的).
B(词数:约160;建议用时:7分钟)
Mr. and Mrs. White had two sons and three daughters. One Sunday, Mrs. White said to her husband, “The children don't have any lessons today, and you're free too. There's a new funfair(游乐场)in the park. Let's all go there to play.”Her
husband said, “I want to finish some work today.” “Oh, forget it. Go there and make our children happy. That's the most important work”Mrs. White said.
So Mr. and Mrs. White took their children to the funfair. Mr. White was forty five years old, but he enjoyed the funfair more than his children. He hurried from one thing to another, and ate lots of sweets. One of the children said to her mother, “Dad is just like a small child, isn't he, Mom?” Mrs. White didn't want to follow her husband around any more at that time and answered, “He is even worse than a small child, Mary, because he might spend more money than a small child.”
51.There were ________ children in the family.
A.five B.three C.four
52.One Sunday, Mr. and Mrs. White went to ________ with their children.
A.school B.work C.a funfair
53.Mr. White liked the place so much that he ________.
A.bought lots of drink
B.followed his wife all the time
C.hurried from one thing to another
54.From the story we know Mrs. White ________ when Mary asked her the question.
A.was still excited to play
B.ate a lot of sweets
C.was a little angry with Mr. White
55.Of all the family members, ________ enjoyed playing there most that Sunday.
A.Mr. White B.Mrs. White C.Mary
C (词数:约190;建议用时:8分钟)
One day,the father of a very rich family took his son on a trip to the countryside. He wanted to show his son how poor people lived. They spent a few days and nights on the farm. After they came back from their trip,the father asked his son,“How do you like our trip?”
“It is great,Dad.”
“Do you see how poor people live?” the father asked.
“Oh,yeah,” said the son.
“So,tell me,what do you learn from the trip?” asked the father.
“I see that we have one dog and they have four. We have a pool that reaches to the middle of our garden,and they have a river that has no end. We have beautiful lights in our garden,and they have the stars at night. We have a small piece of land to live on,and they have large fields. We have servants(仆人) to serve us,but they serve others. We have fences(栅栏) to
protect us,and they have friends to protect them.”
The boy's father was speechless.“Thanks,Dad,for showing me how poor we are,” said the son.
56.Why did the father take his son to the countryside?
A.He wanted him to enjoy the beauty of the countryside.
B.He hoped that his son could help those poor people.
C.He wanted to show his son how poor people lived in the countryside.
D.He hoped that his son could get a new idea of the countryside.
57.After the trip,the son thought ________.
A.what a poor life he had
B.how great his father was
C.he should take good care of his rich life
D.he should thank his father for giving him the happy life
58.From the passage,we know the people in the countryside ________.
A.often went on a trip in the city
B.had more beautiful lights in their gardens
C.had smaller land to live on than the people in the city
D.must be happy because they had friends to protect them
59.How did the father feel after he heard his son's answer?
A.Happy. B.Surprised. C.Excited. D.Angry.
60.What does the story tell us?
A.The rich and the poor are the same.
B.The rich and the poor should help each other.
C.The real rich people are those who are rich at heart.
D.The people in the countryside live a hard life.
综合填空A
eat wait cut keep brush
51.His brother dislikes ________ hamburgers.
52. Someone is ______ for you in the next room .
53.The knife didn’t ______deep enough .
54.She ________ talking all the time.
55. Mr. Wu ________ his teeth every day.
综合填空B:
56.I am sure we will have an _______ vacation .(有乐趣的)
57.Can you find any________(不同点) between the twin brothers?
58. Hello, everyone. Please introduce ________(你们自己) before your speeches.
59.You can see an old museum between the two tall ________(建筑物).
60.It was five degree _____ zero last night.(在..之下)
综合填空C.
but, tried, hungry, ducks, because, wondered,differences, top, dislike, us, to, with
It was sunny last Saturday. I felt bored, so I rode a bicycle to a farm near a hill (61)________ some friends. A farmer welcomed us warmly. The farm was so beautiful. We saw hens, (62)________ and pigs there. We were like birds out of the cage(笼子). We did many interesting activities. Mary (63)________ to get some apples on a tree. Mike also picked some. I (64)________ how big the farm was. I got to the (65)________ of the hill and took quite a few photos. Jack seemed to (66)________ these activities. He sat under a big tree and relaxed.
At twelve o'clock, most of us were (67)________. The farmer prepared some delicious food for (68)________. Of course, we must pay for it, (69)________ we all still thanked him. To remember what we did, I wrote down the (70)____________ between the school and the farm in my diary. All in all, it was an enjoyable day.
任务型阅读: A
Nowadays, camping has been popular with young people. It's a great way to be outside and enjoy the nature. Whether(无论) you like to be in the woods, mountains, or by the river, you are sure to have a wonderful experience when you go camping. Here is some advice for camping.
Fire may be dangerous, so just use fire only when you must. (22)Make sure to put the fire out when you don't use it.
When you are talking, keep your voice down. If you talk loudly, you may make other people angry and maybe you won't see wild animals outside.
It is important to put up your tent(帐篷)only in safe places. If you put up your tent in other places, you may get into trouble. Remember to do it for your safety.
Don't forget to take photos so that you won't miss the wonderful natural wonders. Later, you'll understand how nice(23)they are. Make sure your camera has enough power.
People often get lost in the forest. It's a good way to take a map that helps you to get the right direction(方向). Now, people usually take GPS with them. Maps and GPS can help you find the way easily.
71.The writer gives us______ pieces of advice for camping.
72.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
________________________________________________________
73.What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 5 refer to(指代)?
________________________________________________________
74.Which two things are needed to avoid getting lost in the forest?
________________________________________________________
75.Give a proper title(题目)to the passage.____________________
B
I like the summer vacation very much. It's relaxing and I can do everything I like.
Last summer vacation, I went to my grandparents' home with my parents. They live in the country(乡村). (A)They were very happy to see us. The country was very beautiful. We saw many beautiful flowers and heard the bids singing there. We did many interesting things there. We went ____________36(shop), cleaned the house and watched TV together. Every morning I ________37(get) up early, and then I went out for a walk. It _______38(make) me healthy.
My grandma and my mother cooked nice food, such as(例如) fish, meat and vegetables. I also made some new friends during the vacation. My grandpa told me many funny stories. We (B)玩得很高兴in the country. I had a good vacation.
根据短文内容完成下列任务。
任务一:将所给单词的适当形式填到文中76~78。
76.________ 77.________ 78.________
任务二:将(A)处画线的句子译为汉语。
79.________________________________________________________________________
任务三:将(B)处画线的短语译为英语。
80.________________________________________________________________________
十一、书面表达(10分)
今天是7月5日,星期日。假如你和同学去旅游了,请以日记的形式写一篇不少于80词的短文,描述一下此次旅游经历和感受。______________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
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