人教英语初二上册知识点总结 6页

一、 v+ do ‎1. Let sb do sth 让某人做某事 Let sb not do sth 让某人不做某事 ‎2.why not do sth = why don’t you do sth 做什么怎么样 为什么不做、、、‎ ‎ Why not put on a raincoat， its raining outside. 外面在下雨，为什么不穿个雨衣呢？‎ ‎3. Make sb do sth 使某人做某事 ‎ ‎ I will do my best to make my dream come true. 我会尽我所能去使我的梦想实现。‎ Make sb + adj 使某人。。。。。‎ The story makes us happy。 ‎ 二 v+ doing ‎ ‎1. practice doing sth 练习做某事 our English teacher told us to practice speaking English every day。英语老师叫我们每天练习说英语。‎ ‎2. finish doing sth 完成做某事 my mum asks me to finishing cleaning up my room before she come from work。 妈妈要求我在她下班回来之前打扫干净我的房间。‎ ‎3. Enjoy doing sth 享受做某事 ‎ The boys are enjoying playing basketball 孩子们正在操场上享受打篮球。‎ ‎4. stand doing sth 忍受做某事 ‎ She cant stand cheating others. 她不能忍受欺骗他人 ‎5. mind doing sth 介意做某事 ‎ Would you mind opening the door？ 你介意开门吗？ ‎ ‎6. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 ‎ ‎ She will keep fighting in this new semester. 在新学期，她将继续努力奋斗 ‎7. miss 想念 I miss you very much ‎ Miss sth 错过。。。。 he got up late this morning，so he missed the bus Miss doing sth 错过做某事。He missed having the class，because he got up late。‎ ‎8. Sb spend time with sb 与某人共度时间 I spend the weekend with my grandparents。‎ Sb spend （time/ money）on sth 某人在某事花费时间，金钱 Sb spend （time/money）（in）doing sth 某人花费时间、金钱做某事 （人作主语）‎ I spent two hours （in）reading the novel last night. ‎ It takes sb （time/ money）to do sth 某事花费某人多少时间，金钱 （it 作主语）‎ ‎ It took me two hours to read the novel last night。‎ Sb pay sth money= pay money for sth 为、、、付多少钱。 （人作主语）‎ ‎ I paid ten dollars for that book ‎ Sth cost sb money 某物花费某人多少钱 （物作主语）‎ ‎ That book cost me ten dollars。‎ ‎9、succeed in doing sth 成功做某事 ‎ He succeeds in giving up the smoking 他成功地戒了烟。‎ ‎10. play a role in doing sth 发挥作用，有影响 computers play a role in people’s life 计算机在人们的生活中发挥作用。‎ Mobiles play a important role in communicating with each other. 人与人的交流，手机发挥重大作用。‎ ‎11. Have fun （in）doing sth 玩得高兴 ‎ They had fun playing basketball. 他们打篮球玩得很高兴。‎ ‎12. be good at doing/ sth 擅长 she is very good at dancing。 他擅长跳舞 ‎13. be talented in doing sth/ sth 在某方面有天赋 ‎ she is talented in drawing。 她在画画方面有天赋 ‎14. how about doing sth = what about doing sth 做。。。。怎么样？‎ ‎ How about going shopping today？ 今天去购物怎么样？‎ ‎15. Thank sb for sth/ doing sth ‎ ‎ Thank you for your help. = thank you for helping me 谢谢你帮助我。‎ 三 v+ to do ‎ ‎1. it's a good/ great way to do sth 做....的好方法. ‎ ‎ He likes joining some activities because it’s a good way to make friends 他喜欢参加一些活动，因为这是交朋友的好方式。‎ ‎ The best way to do sth 做某事的最佳方式 ‎ I think the best way to learn English is through English。学英语的最佳方式就是朗读。‎ ‎2. It’s one’s first time to do sth 第一次做某事 ‎ It’s my first time to speak English with foreigners. 这是我第一次和外国人说英语。‎ ‎3. want to do sth = would like to do sth 想做某事 ‎4. decide to do sth 决定做某事 ‎ He decides to have a travel in this winter vacation. 他决定在这个寒假去旅行。‎ ‎5. be determined to do sth 下定决心做某事 ‎ She determined to get good grades in this final examination. 她下定决心要在这次的期末考试中取得好成绩。‎ ‎6. Invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事 He didn’t invite me to have dinner with them 他没有邀请我和他们共进晚餐。‎ Invite sb to a place 邀请某人到某处 ‎ ‎ He wants to invite the girl to his birthday party。 他想邀请那个女孩参加他的生日宴会。‎ ‎7. help sb（to）do sth= help（sb）with sth 帮助某人做某事 ‎ he helped me with my English。= he helped me to study English. ‎ ‎8. order sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 ‎ the boss ordered him to finish the work before 5 o’clock 老板命令他五点之前完成工作 ‎9. plan to do sth 计划做某事 I plan to have a vacation in this summer 我计划这个暑假去度假 ‎10. choose to do sth 选择做某事 ‎ He chooses to stay at home because of the cold weather. 因为寒冷的天气，他选择呆在家里。 ‎ ‎11. Do one’s best to do sth = try one’s best to do sth 尽某人做大努力做某事 I will try my best to make my dream come true.‎ ‎12. Need to do sth 需要做某事 She needs to wash her dirty clothes now。 现在她需要去洗她的脏衣服。‎ ‎13. be ready to do sth 准备好做某事 She is ready to go out 她准备好出去了。‎ ‎14. seem + 形容词 看起来….. You seem happy today. 你看起来很高兴 seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事 I seem to have a cold 我似乎感冒了。‎ ‎15. tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事 ‎ Her mum tells her to sleep early. 她的妈妈告诉她早睡。 ‎ ‎ Tell sb not to sth 告诉某人不要做某事 ‎ Please tell her not to climb the tree. 请告诉她不要去爬树 ‎16. expect to do sth 期待做某事 ‎ ‎ She expects to go to Hong Kong next week. 她期待下周去香港。‎ ‎17. wish sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 ‎ I wish you to be good. 我希望你好好的。‎ ‎ Hope to do sth 希望做某事 ‎ I hope to have a good job in the future. 我希望将来有一份好工作。‎ ‎18. it’s + adj for sb to do sth 做某件事 对某人来说怎么样 ‎ It’s good for you to sleep early. 早睡对你有好处。‎ 四 v+ to do/ doing 1. try to do sth 尽量做某事， 努力做某事 he tries to finish his homework ‎ ‎ Try not to do sth 尽量不做某事 he tries not to hurt his friends’ feelings。‎ Try doing sth 尝试做某事。 He tried washing his hair with a new shampoo。‎ ‎2. mean to do sth 有意做某事 I didn’t mean to hurt you 我不是有意伤害你的。‎ ‎ Mean doing sth 意味着、、、、 being good to her doesn’t mean loving her 对她好并不意味着爱她。‎ ‎3. start doing sth. 开始做某事= start to do sth （begin）‎ ‎ He usually starts cooking at 6 in the evening when his mother is not at home.当他妈妈不在家时，他通常在晚上6点钟就开始做饭。‎ ‎4. stop doing sth 停止做某事 the teacher is coming，lets stop talking.‎ stop to do sth 停下来做某事 if you are tired, you can stop to rest.‎ 五．一些短语 ‎1.offer sb sth = offer sth for sb (双宾) 提供某人某物 Make sb sth = make sth for sb 为某人制作某物 Buy sb sth = buy sth for sb 为某人买某 I want to buy my mother a present买一个礼物 Give sb sth = give sth to sb 给某人某物 Show sb sth = show sth to sb 像某人展示某物 Send sb sth = send sth to sb 给某人送某物 Return sb sth = return sth to sb 归还某物给某人 Pass sb sth = pass sth to sb 传递某物给某人 ‎2. look for 寻找 she is looking for his eraser under the desk. ‎ look like 看起来像 she looks like her mother.‎ look after 照看 =take care of I need to look after my dog.‎ look up 查字典 if you don’t know this new word, you can look it up in the dictionary。‎ ‎ 如果你不知道这个单词，你可以查字典。‎ ‎3. work as 作为、、、工作 they work on the farm as volunteers. 他们在农场上作为自愿者工作。‎ work with sb 和某人一起工作 ‎ work for sb 为某人工作 work in/ at 在、、哪儿工作 ‎4. Be famous/ well-known for、、因、、而出名 Chongqing is famous for hot- pot Be famous / well-known as、、 作为、、而出名 she is famous as a singer.‎ Be popular with sb 受、、的欢迎 this magazine is popular with the young people 。这本杂志很受年轻人欢迎。‎ ‎5. Be good at sth / doing sth 擅长 Be good with sb 和某人相处友好 she is very good with the kids(孩子)‎ Be good to sb/ sth 对、、很仁慈 you should be good to the animals Be good for、、 对、、有好处 sleeping early is good for our health. ‎ ‎6. get on 上车 get on the bus ‎ Get off 下车 ‎ ‎ Get up 起床 ‎ ‎7.arrive at / in = get to = reach 到达。。。。‎ ‎ Arrive at home 到家 arrive in Chongqing 到达重庆 ‎ Get to the park 到达公园 = reach the park 注意： there ， here， home 这三个词前不能加to 所以 ‎ Get home get there get here √‎ 但是如果home 前面有物主代词则可加to ‎ ‎ Get to my home √ get to his home √‎ ‎ Get to home ×‎ 8. Be interested in sth / doing sth 对、、 感兴趣 She is interested in dancing. / music.‎ ‎9. a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of +形容词 一点点 a little = a bit of= a little bit of + 不可数名词 一点点 His hair is a little long. = His hair is a bit long.‎ This book is kind of interesting. 这本书有点趣。‎ He can speak a little English. = He can speak a bit of English.‎ too many 太多，后接可数名词复数： Mother bought too many eggs yesterday.‎ too much 太多，修饰不可数名词。 We have too much work to do. ‎ much too 太，修饰形容词或副词。 ‎ The hat is much too big for me. You’re walking much too fast.‎ ‎10、.be the same as…… 与。。。。相同 ‎ Is her lifestyle the same as yours？ 她的生活方式和你的一样吗？‎ be different from。。。。。与。。。。不同 Her lifestyle is different from mine. 她的生活方式和我的不同。‎ ‎11、make a difference to sth 对……有影响 I want to try my best to make a difference to my poor life. 我想尽我最大的努力对我潦倒的生活有所改变。‎ ‎12、care about sb./sth. 关心，在意某人/某事：Our parents always care about their children. Everybody cares about his future. 每个人都很关系自己的未来。‎ ‎13. as long as=so long as只要，引导条件状语从句；也可意为“既然”‎ We would like to go to the mountains as long as the weather is good. 只要天气好，我们就愿意去爬山。‎ ‎20. be similar to sb./ sth.与……相像/ 类似 ‎ Your problem is similar to mine. 你的问题同我的一样。‎ ‎ My best friend is very similar to me. 我最好的朋友和我相似。‎ ‎.be similar in sth.在某方面相似， His father and he are similar in height. （高度）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎21. Have much / little in common with sb 有很多共同之处/ 几乎没有共同之处 She has much / little in common with her friend. 她和她朋友有很多共同之处/没有共同之处。 ‎ ‎22. make up 、、、 编造（故事、谎言等）/ 化妆 she likes making up a story for her lateness for school. 当她上学迟到会，她就喜欢为她的迟到编一个故事。‎ ‎26. More and more……越来越。。。。‎ China‎ is becoming more and more powerful. 中国变得越来越强大。‎ ‎23. go on vacation 去度假 ‎ Kaikou is a beautiful city. Let’s go on vacation there 开口是一个美丽的城市，让我们到那儿去度假吧。‎ ‎24.Turn on 打开电视，收音机 ， 开关。。。‎ ‎ Turn off 关电视机，收音机 ‎ Turn up 把电视机，收音机的声音调大。。。‎ ‎ Turn down。 关小 On，off，up，down 是副词，所以如果后面加介词要放在中间。‎ I cant hear the radio clearly，would you please turn it up？ 我听不清收音机，你能把声音调大点儿吗？‎ 复合名词 a banana tree 香蕉树 two banana trees ‎ ‎ A boy student 一个男学生 two boy students 两个男学生 ‎ A man teacher 一个男教师 two men teachers 两个你那教师 ‎ A woman doctor 一个女医生 two women doctors 两个女医生 ‎25. Fill sth with sth 用某物填充某物 ‎ She fills the bottle with water。 她用水装满瓶子。‎ Be filled with sth 充满、、、、、、、 = be full of ‎ ‎ The bottle is filled with water. 瓶子装满了水。‎ ‎26. Put sth on ..... 将某物放在。。。上 Put on 穿上， 戴上 Put on the coat 穿上外套 put on the coat 戴上帽子 ‎27. Mix sth up 。。把。。。。混合在一起、、、‎ She mixes them up. 她把她们混合在一起。‎ ‎28. Take one’s place 代替，替代 She dresses up like a boy and takes her father’s place to fight in the army. 她打扮得像个男孩一样并且代替她的爸爸在军队里打仗。‎ 29. too 。。。 to 太而不能 ‎ the water is too hot to drink. 水太烫而不能喝。‎ ‎ ‎