初二UnitTraditionalskills要点总结 9页

Unit 3 Traditional skills 一、常考短语 paper cutting 剪纸 up to 到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有 set off /out 出发 ‎ set out/off for 出发去... up and down 起伏；上下波动 after dark 天黑后；黄昏后 ‎ no more 不再；再也不 all the time （在某段时间内）一直；始终 a kind of 一种 ‎ tie...around 拴...在...周围 tie...to 拴...在...上 at the front of 在...前面 throw...in to 把...扔进 look up 抬头看 bring up 抚养；养育； turn...in to 把...变成 put on 上演 cut out 剪成 ‎ the shape of 以...的形状 get one’s attention得到某人的关注 put up 张贴；挂 二、要点全解 ‎ ‎1. W used to use horses.‎ used to do sth.‎ 过去常常做某事 He used to go to school by bike.‎ be used to (doing) sth. ‎ 习惯于（某）事 He is used to going to school by bike.‎ be used to do sth.‎ ‎...被用来做...‎ The knife is used to cut things.‎ use sth. to do sth.‎ 用...做...‎ We use the knife to cut things.‎ 跟踪练习 1. 翻译下列句子 （1） My father used to eat meat.‎ （2） My father is used to eating meat. ‎ （3） He wasn’t used to eating in a restaurant.‎ （4） The boy use remote control to drive the toy car all around the playground.‎ （5） The cormorants was once used to catch fish.‎ 2. ‎--How is your grandma? ‎ ‎ --She’s fine. She used to ______ TV at home after supper. But now she is used to ______ out for a walk.‎ ‎ A. watch; go B. watching; go C. watching; going D. watch; going 3. Bamboo can ______ paper.‎ ‎ A. used to make B. be uesd make C. be used to make D. be used to making 2. Although he is over 65, he is very fit and still enjoys working.‎ (1) Although连词，虽然；尽管, 连词，与though同义，用来引导让步状语从句，不能和but同时出现，但可以用yet或still。‎ Eg: Although he is poor, he is happy. /Although it rained, the boys still played outside./Although he is a beginner, (yet) he speaks English very well.‎ 跟踪练习 ‎--The boy can speak both English and Japanese _______ he is only ten. --Wow, what a clever boy!‎ ‎ A. if B. because C. although D. When (2) fit adj. 健壮的；健康的=healthy keep fit/healthy 保持健康 ‎ ‎ v. 合适，侧重尺寸、大小合适 The coat doesn’t fit me.‎ 3. They can dive down and stay under the water for up to two minutes.‎ (1) dive, 潜水，常与down/into 连用 ‎ Eg: The young man dived down and took some photos of fish./He dived into the river to save the boy.‎ (2) up to, 到达（某数量、程度等）；至多有 Eg：The temperature went up to 30 ’C yesterday./The storybook are up to 50.‎ ‎【拓展】up to now到现在为止=by now Eg: Up to now he is still sad.‎ 4. First , he ties a piece of grass around their necks to stop them from eating big fish.‎ ‎(1) tie...around 拴...在...周围 Eg: The young man ties a tie around his neck.‎ ‎【拓展】tie...to 拴...在...上 Eg: The students tie the trees to a stick.‎ ‎ tie up 系好，捆上 Eg: Please tie up your safety belts.‎ (2) 三阻止...做某事&保护……不受……侵袭,挡住,防御 stop...from doing sth.‎ 在主动句中from可以省略 No one can stop the little girl from crying.‎ prevent...from doing sth. ‎ The heavy rain prevented us from climbing the mountain.‎ keep...from doing sth. ‎ from不可以省略 The heavy rain kept us from climbing the mountain.‎ shelter...from doing sth 保护…不受…侵袭；防御；挡住 The Kangaroo shelter its babies from being attacked by other animals.‎ protect...fromdoing sth 保护…不受…侵袭 You should protect the children from catching cold.‎ 5. Damin uses several ways to attract fish. ‎ attract v. 吸引 attract one’s attentin 吸引某人的注意 get one’s attention得到某人的关注 Eg: The Great wall attracts a lot of visitors every year./Paper cutting attracted children’s attention.‎ ‎6. During the day, he jumps up and down on his boat. up and down, 起伏，上下波动 Eg：The price of vegetables is up and down./We experience the ups and the downs in life.‎ 7. After dark, he hangs a light on a post at the front of the boat.‎ (1) after dark, 天黑后，黄昏后 Eg：People go out for a walk after dark.‎ (2) ‎【注意】hang的两个不同含义的过去式及过去分词 hang 悬挂；挂 过去式 hung 过去分词 hung hang 绞死；吊死 过去式 hanged 过去分词 hanged 跟踪练习 把下列句子翻译为汉语，注意辨别hang的含义。‎ 1. I hung the washing on the clothes line.‎ 2. He was hanged by the king.‎ 3. He hung the cage in the tree.‎ 4. Hang your clothes on the hooks.‎ 5. The king ordered the man to hang the murder.‎ (3) post n. 柱，杆，桩；岗位；邮寄 ‎ v. 邮寄 Eg：He posted a letter.‎ 8. The fish are then taken and thrown into a big basket by Damin.‎ ‎【拓展】与throw相关的短语 throw...into 把...扔进 He threw a stone into a river.‎ throw away 扔掉 Throw away those old newspapers.‎ throw off 匆匆脱掉（衣服）‎ Don’t throw off your coat. It is cold outside.‎ throw at 向...扔去 Tom threw stones at my dog.‎ 9. No pets are required for this type of fishing. ‎ require v. 需要，依靠 Eg：The work requires more time and people.‎ ‎【辨析】require, need require 及物动词实义动词 需要，依靠 require to be done=require doing require sb. to do sth.‎ need 及物动词 需要 need to be done=need doing 情态动词 需要 need do sth.‎ Eg: 1) Plants require/need watering every day.= Plants require/need to be watered every day.‎ ‎ 2) We require them to keep quiet. 3) I need to buy a book. 4) You needn’t come.‎ ‎10. In 50 years, perhaps there will be no more cormorant fishermen in the world.‎ no more, 不再=not...any more. no more多用于书面语，位于连系动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。Not...any more中，not靠近动词，any more放在句末。‎ Eg：1）He is no more a student.=He isn’t a student any more. 2) He no more worked there.‎ ‎【辨析】no more & no longer no more 不再 用来修饰非延续性动词，表今后不再重复以前发生的动作，多指数量上不再增加，程度不再加深 no longer 不再 no longer=not...any longer，在句中起副词作用，用来修饰延续性动词，指某事从时间上讲以后不再发生，其时间不再延续 Eg：1）He no more comes. 2) We are no longer students.‎ ‎11. To correct mistakes in a picture.‎ ‎(1) correct v. 改正；矫正 Eg：You must correct the bad habits.‎ ‎ adj. 正确的；对的 Eg: Choose the correct answer. incorrect adj. 不正确的 (2) mistake n. 错误 make a mistake 犯错误 by mistake 错误地；无意中 ‎ v. 弄错 mistake A for B 把A错认成B Eg：1) He makes a lot of mistakes in grammar. 2) I took her umbrella by mistake. ‎ ‎3) I often mistake Lucy for LiLy.‎ 12. bring up 培养；教育 ‎ ‎【辨析】bring up, educate bring up 培养；教育; 抚养，表示孩子在家里受到的道德和社交教育。 Eg: He was brought up by his uncle.‎ educate 教育，表示人们在学校等场所受到的特别是智能和文化方面的训练。 Eg: He was educated at college.‎ 一言辨异 She was brought up by her mother and educated at the local school.‎ 13. After 26 days, the baby cormorant breaks out of the egg. ‎ after+一段时间，在某段时间之后 Eg：After ten days, the boy was saved.‎ ‎【辨析】after，later after 介词 在...之后 常用于过去时态，after+一段时间，在某段时间之后 later 副词 ‎ 后来 常用于过去时或将来时，一段时间+later 形容词 后来的 修饰名词 Eg：1）After two years，he died in London. 2) Tom left for Shanghai two weeks later.‎ 14. Keep the baby cormorant warm.‎ keep sb./sth. + adj. 使...保持... Eg: Coats will keep you warm./We should keep our school clean and tidy.‎ ‎【拓展】keep其他用法 keep +adj.‎ 保持某种状态 The shop keeps open twelve hours a day.‎ Keep(sb) doing ‎（使）某人不停地做某事 Don’t keep talking 15. scissors n. 剪刀 a pair of scissors 一把剪刀 Eg: You can make paper cuttings with scissors.‎ ‎【拓展】a pair of修饰的复数名词 a pair of修饰的复数名词 shoes鞋 socks 袜子 trousers 裤子 pants scissors 剪刀 gloves 手套 chopsticks 筷子 glasses 眼镜 ‎16. 与luck相关的短语 good luck 好运; bad luck 倒霉; be in luck 运气好; out of luck 运气不好; for luck ‎ 为了吉利，求福; try one’s luck 碰运气 17. Mr. Chen make toys from dough.‎ make...from用什么制成，强调从成品中看不出原材料 Eg: They made wine from rice.‎ ‎【辨析】be made...‎ be made...‎ Be made of...‎ 由….制成/组成，看出原材料 The house is made up of wood.‎ Bemade from...‎ 由….制成，看不出原材料 The juice is made from apples.‎ Be made into... ‎ 被制成.....‎ The apples are made into juice.‎ Be made in...‎ 在……地方制造 The machine is made in China.‎ Be made by...‎ 由……（人）制造 ‎ The machines are made by the workers.‎ Be made up of...‎ 由...组/构成 The doll is made up of four parts.‎ 跟踪练习 ‎(1). The desk is made __________ wood. （2). Paper is made__________ wood. ‎ ‎(3). The machines were made __________ the workers. (4) This kind of watch is made _________ Shanghai. ‎ ‎(5) The team is made__________ 30 students and a teacher. (6). This kite is made __________ paper. ‎ ‎(7). Salt is made __________seawater. (8). This kind of glass is made __________ paper. ‎ ‎(9). The old bridge is made__________ stone. (10). This kind of drink is made_________ apple. ‎ 18. Mr. Chen make dough toys of different sizes.‎ size n. 大小，表示尺码，尺寸，常与what搭配，并可与数字连用，表示具体型号。‎ Eg: 1)What size shoes do you buy? 2) I take a size 40 shoes. 3) It’s the right size.‎ 19. Mr. Chen uses his hands to turn the dough into different characters.‎ turn...into 把...变成 He turned apples and pears into juice.‎ 把...翻译成 Please turn it into Japanese.‎ ‎20. Every Sunday, Wang Weifang puts on a play with his friends in a small town near Xi’an.‎ put on 上演；穿上；增加；发胖 put on weight 增重 跟踪练习 ‎1. We’ll ______ an English play “Snow White” during this year’s Art Festival.‎ ‎ A. look up B. look out C. put off D. put on 21. cut out 切（剪、削）成; cut up 切碎; cut down 砍到; cut off 切掉，切断; cut in 插嘴 语法：被动语态 一、 翻译下列句子，并找出其中的规律 Eg: 1. The fish are then taken and thrown into a big basket by Daming.‎ ‎ 2. Cormorant fishing was once practised in lots of places in South-East China.‎ ‎ 3. A music show will be held in the school hall at 4 p.m on Tuesday, 4 May.‎ 总结一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时被动语态的构成 一般现在时：_____________________________________‎ 一般过去时：_____________________________________‎ 一般将来时：_____________________________________‎ 二、 被动语态的概念：表示动作与主语之间是被动关系的句子是被动语态 三、主动语态与被动语态之间如何转换 Eg：We visited the factory last summer. 主动语态 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 The factory was visited by us last summer. 被动语态 ‎ 主语 谓语 宾语 状语 ‎【注意】‎ 1. 主动、被动的时态要一致。‎ 1） Tom often give me gifts. I am often given gifts by Tom.‎ 2） We visited the factory last year. The factory was visited by us last year.‎ 3） He read the novel. The novel was read by him.‎ 4） We will plant a lot of trees on the hill next year. A lot of trees will be planted by us on the hill next year.‎ ‎2.变成的被动语态的主语与谓语在单复数上保持一致。‎ He puts the books on the desk. The books are put on the desk by him.‎ 3. 省略by短语的几个条件 1） 不知道、没有必要说出动作执行者时。 Rice is grown well there。‎ 2） 强调说明动作的承受者时。 I was sent to teach them English.‎ 3） 汉语中有“据说，大家说”等时。 It is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house.‎ 四、 被动语态的使用条件 ‎1. 不知道动作由谁发出 Three people were injured in the traffic accident.‎ ‎2. 由于某种原因没有必要说明动作的发出者。 This book was published in 2000.‎ ‎3. 需要突出或强调动作的承受者。 This play was written by Shakespeare.‎ 跟踪练习 ‎1. My homework ________an hour ago. A. finish B. finished C. was finished ‎2. The shoes _________ in Guangdong. A. make B. are made C. made ‎3. Lots of trees ___________in the forest last year. ( plant )‎ ‎4. Lucy borrowed a book yesterday. （变为被动语态）‎ ‎______________________________________________________________‎ 五、 句型转换 1. My homework was finished two hours ago.‎ 否定句____________________________________________________‎ 一般疑问句_________________________________________________ ‎ 肯定回答____________________________________________________‎ 否定回答____________________________________________________‎ ‎2.句型转换 ‎（1）He didn’t go for a walk after dinner any more. (改为同义句) ‎ ‎ He __________ ___________ went for a walk after dinner.‎ ‎（2）I know him, but I don’t know where he lives. (改为同义句) ‎ ‎ _________ I know him, I don’t know where he lives.‎ ‎（3）I’ll call you as soon as I arrived in HK. (改为同义句) ‎ ‎ I’ll call you as soon as I _________ in HK.‎ ‎（4）When did he set out last night? (改为同义句) ‎ ‎ When did he _______ _________ last night?‎ ‎（5）She put the camera on the bed just now. （改为被动语态 ）‎ The camera _________ __________on the bed by her just now.‎ 三、 单项选择 ‎( )1. That building now. A. is building B. is built C. is being built D. builds ‎( )2. The trees in our school every Friday afternoon . ‎ A. are watered B. are watering C. have watered D. water ‎( )3. Yesterday a visitor something about his hometown . ‎ A. was asked B. was asking C. is asked D. asked ‎( )4. Paper first invented in China . A. is B. are C. was D. Were ‎( )5. He arrived in Beijing, where he _____ his friend. A. was met by B. was met C. was meeting D. met by ‎ ‎( )6. The mistakes in the exercises will _____ the teacher. ‎ A. cross B. be crossing C. be crossed by D. cross by ‎ ‎( )7. Each year quiet a lot of food _______ around the world.It’s really time for us to do something.‎ A. was wasted B. is wasted C. wasted D. will be wasted ‎( )8. It is said that a new museum ________ in our city next year.‎ A. builds B. is building C. will be built D. was built ‎( )9. Flowers _______ along the road last year.‎ A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. were planted ‎( )10. Annie ____ to the party. She had a good time.‎ A. invites B. is invited C. was invited D. has invited Homework ‎1. 按照要求写单词。‎ describe (v.) ---- (n.) hang(v. 悬挂) ---- （过去式）---- （过去分词）‎ hang (v. 绞死) ---- （过去式）---- （过去分词） fit （同义词）----____________ ‎ simple（同义词）----____________ reach ( 同义词组) __---- _______________‎ luck(n.) ---- (adj.) --- (adv.) lucky （反义词）----____________‎ attract (v.) ---- (adj.) ----___________(n.) 尽管_____________ 需要_____________ ‎ 剪刀 _____________ 有吸引力的，迷人的_____________ 文字；符号；人物；角色_____________‎ ‎2. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词。‎ ‎1. What does your father look like? Can you d______________her?‎ ‎2. Tom often takes exercises, so he is very f_________.‎ ‎3. You need a pair of s_____________ to make paper cutting.‎ ‎4. Tom’s flight will r__________ Shenzhen at 10:00..‎ ‎5. My father is a f___________. He makes a living b fishing.‎ ‎6. Mount Tai has many l__________ scenes.‎ ‎7. The story is written in s___________ English.‎ ‎8. His grandfather is in bad h__________.‎ ‎9. The work r__________ more time and people..‎ ‎10. Paper cutting a______________ children’s attention.‎ ‎3. 用所给词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1. Tom often practises ___________(speak) English every day.‎ ‎2.There are two ___________(fishman)on the boat.‎ ‎3.Glasses is __________ (make) into bottle..‎ ‎4. Young trees require ____________ (plant) in Spring.‎ ‎5. I like the kite very much. It’s very ___________(love).‎ ‎6. He wasn’t used to ___________ (eat) in a restaurant.‎ ‎7. I keep the door ___________(open) to let fresh air come in.‎ ‎8. he heavy rain prevented us from __________(climb) the mountain..‎ ‎9. We use _________(scissor) to cut things.‎ ‎10. To keep___________ (health), he eat a lot of vegetables.‎ ‎4. 单项选择。‎ ‎( )1. Half an hour ________, they returned school. ‎ A.late B. after C. later D. in ‎( )2. --Frog, Mo Yan’s novel, please. --Sorry, it ______ just now. But it will come out again soon.‎ ‎ A. had been sold out B. is sold out C. has sold out D. was sold out ‎( )3. Today, the forests have almost gone; we must stop people ______ down to many trees.‎ ‎ A. to cut B. cut C. from cutting D. from cut ‎( )4. _________ people come to Jilin to visit Mount Changbai every year. ‎ ‎ A. Millions of B. Million of C. Millions D. Million ‎( )5. I know ____ about Japanese. You may go and ask him.‎ ‎ A. a few B. few C. a little D. little ‎( )6. --Your classroom is really bright and clean. --It _____ after school every day.‎ A. is cleaned B. cleaned C. was cleaned D. cleans ‎( )7. --How soon _______ all the work ________? — In a week.‎ ‎ A. Will; finish B. Is; going to finish C. Will; be finished D.are; going to be finished ‎ ‎( )8. — The wood looks very nice. What’s it made ______? --Wood, and it is made ______ Shanghai.‎ ‎ A.from; in B. of; in C. from; by D. of; by ‎( )9. Uncle Wang used to _____ a newspaper at home after supper. But now he is used to ______ out for a walk.‎ ‎ A. read; go B. reading; go C. reading; going D. read; going ‎( )10. — Look at the ________, madam.The red skirt is smaller than the blue one. ‎ ‎—Yeah.The red one suits me better, I think.‎ ‎ A. colour B. size C.weight D. price