2020八年级英语上册 Unit 2 Keeping Healthy句式精讲精练 （新版）仁爱版 9页

Unit 2 Keeping Healthy ‎ 句式精讲精练 ‎【句式精讲】‎ 1. I have a cold. ‎ have a cold是动词短语，意为“患感冒，伤风”，也可以说成catch a cold/get a cold或take a cold。其中have表示“患病，得病”，不能用于进行时态，但可与一段时间连用，表示状态；而catch/get a cold则表示瞬时动作，不能同一段时间连用。例如：‎ ‎ I have had a cold for three days. 我感冒三天了。‎ ‎ 此句也可以表达为：‎ ‎ I had/caught/got a cold three days ago. ‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎ 表示人体某部位“痛”时的几种结构：‎ ‎（1）have a + 身体部位名词后加-ache构成。例如：‎ ‎ have a headache 头痛 ‎ have a toothache 牙痛 ‎ have a stomachache胃痛 ‎（2）have a sore + 身体部位名词。例如：‎ ‎ have a sore throat 喉咙痛 9‎ ‎ have a sore arm 胳膊痛 ‎ have a sore foot 脚痛 ‎（3）身体部位 + hurt/ache。例如：‎ My eyes hurt. 我眼睛痛。‎ My legs ache. 我腿疼。‎ ‎（4）have a pain in/ on + the + 身体部位。例如：‎ I have a pain in the arm. 我胳膊痛。‎ ‎（5）There is something wrong with + one’s + 身体部位。例如：‎ ‎ There is something wrong with your eyes. 你的眼睛有毛病。‎ 1. Staying up late is bad for your health.‎ ‎（1)stay up late 表示“熬夜；睡得很晚”。例如：‎ I used to stay up late with my friends and watch movies. ‎ 我以前总是和朋友们一起熬夜看电影。‎ ‎（2) be bad for，意为“对……有害处”。介词for后接名词或代词。其反义词为be good for意为“对……有好处，对……有益处”例如：‎ Junk food is not good for our health. 垃圾食品对我们的健康没有好处。‎ Smoking is bad for you. 吸烟对你有害。‎ ‎3. As soon as Michael saw it, he got mad.‎ as soon as表示“一……就”， 这个短语比较常用，口语和书面语都可以。它的特点是，在句子中的位置比较灵活，而且可以用于各种时态。例如： （1）指未发生的动作，规律是：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。例如：‎ I will tell him the news as soon as he comes back。‎ 他一回来我就会告诉他这个消息。 【注意】有时，为了特意表达刚刚完成某事就如何，需要用现在完成时。例如：‎ I will go with you as soon as I have washed my face.‎ 9‎ 我一洗完脸就会跟你去。 （2）指紧接着发生的两个短动作，主从句都用一般过去时。例如： ‎ He took out his English books as soon as he sat down 他一坐下就拿出了他的英语书。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ 有时跟某些单词，如与possible相连“as soon as possible”，其实是“as soon as it is possible”的省略形式，意为“尽快，尽早”。例如：‎ Please make your decision as soon as possible. ‎ 请尽快作决定。‎ ‎4. You’d better not read in the sun.‎ had better(常简略为’d better)是一固定词组，had better意为“最好”，用于表示对别人的劝告、建议或表示一种愿望。其用法有以下几点：‎ ‎（1） had better后面必须跟动词原形，构成had better do sth.句型。‎ ‎【注意】这里的had不能用have来替换。例如：‎ You’d better go to hospital at once.你最好立即去医院看病。‎ Tom, you’d better go there today.汤姆，你最好今天去那里。‎ ‎（2）主语不论是第几人称，句子不论是什么时态，都要用had better的形式。例如：‎ Now you(he; we) had better listen to the teacher.你(他，我们)现在最好听老师讲。‎ ‎（3）had better 的否定形式为had better not意为“最好不要”。例如：‎ You’d better not stay up late. 你最好不要睡的太晚。‎ ‎5. You should see a dentist.‎ should是情态动词，意为“应当，应该”。表示义务、责任，可用于各种人称，无人称和数的变化，也不能单独作谓语，只能和主要动词一起构成谓语，表示说话人的语气和情态；否定形式为should not，缩写为shouldn’t。其主要用法有：‎ ‎ (1) 表示责任和义务，意为“应该”。例如：‎ ‎ You should take your teacher’s advice. 你应该听从你老师的建议。‎ ‎ You shouldn’t be late for class. 你不应该上课迟到。‎ ‎ (2) 表示推断，意为“可能，该”。例如：‎ 9‎ ‎ The train should have already left. 火车可能已经离开了。‎ ‎6. I must ask him to give up smoking.‎ must为情态动词，意为“必须、一定要”，可用于肯定句、否定句或疑问句，其后需要接动词原形；但要注意，当must用于否定句时，mustn’t 的意思不是“不必”而是“一定不能”。例如：‎ You must finish your homework today. ‎ 你必须今天把作业做完。‎ You mustn’t play with matches.‎ 你绝对不能玩火柴。‎ Must we go right now？‎ 我们非要现在就走吗？‎ ‎【注意】在回答以must开头的一般疑问句时，肯定回答通常用“Yes,人称代词+must”；否定回答通常用“No, 人称代词+needn’t.”/don’t have to。例如：‎ ‎— Must he buy the book now? 他现在必须买书吗？‎ ‎— No, he needn’t. He can buy it tomorrow. 不，没必要。他可以明天买。‎ ‎— Must he hand in his homework this morning? 他必须今天上午交作业吗？‎ ‎— Yes, he must.是的，他必须今天早上交。‎ ‎7. I’m feeling terrible.‎ ‎ (1) feel是系动词，后面接形容词作表语，说明主语的状态、性质、特征。例如：‎ ‎ I feel tired. 我感觉累了。‎ I feel so happy today. Mum will buy me a new bike. ‎ 我今天很高兴，妈妈要为我买辆新自行车。‎ ‎ 【拓展】‎ ‎ 类似feel这种用法的词还有：look(看上去)；smell(闻起来)；sound(听起来)；taste(品尝)；get(变得)；grow(变得)等。‎ The food tastes delicious. 食物尝起来很美味。‎ 9‎ The song sounds nice. 那首歌听起来很好听。‎ ‎8. You need to have healthy eating habits.‎ need意为“需要”，常用need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”，主语由“人”来充当。例如：‎ ‎ Does she need to know? 她需要知道吗？‎ ‎ He didn’t need to clean the house twice. 他无需打扫房间两次。‎ ‎【拓展】‎ ‎ (1) need作为情态动词的用法：‎ ‎ need作为情态动词使用时，后面接动词原形；常用来回答以must开头的一般疑问句的否定回答。例如：‎ ‎ She need wash her car now. 她现在要洗车。‎ Need she wash her car now?她现在要洗车吗？‎ She needn’t wash her car now.她现在不需要洗车。‎ ‎— Must he repair the clock now? 他现在必须修钟吗？‎ ‎— No, he needn’t. He can repair it this afternoon. 不，没必要。他可以今天下午修。‎ ‎(2) need作为行为动词的用法：‎ ‎ 1) 直接加宾语，即need sth.。例如：‎ ‎ I need a new coat.我需要一件新外套。‎ ‎ He didn’t need the money. 他不需要这笔钱。‎ ‎ 2)可后接宾语，再接不定式，即need sb. to do sth.。例如：‎ ‎ I need someone to look after her. 我需要有人来照顾她。‎ ‎【句式精练】‎ I.‎‎ 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。‎ ‎1.We must clean the classroom every day.（同义句转换）‎ 9‎ We must _______ the classroom _______ every day.‎ ‎2.It took me two days to finish the book.（同义句转换）‎ I _______ two days _______ the book.‎ ‎3.You should eat an apple every day.（对划线部分提问）‎ ‎_______ _______ you do every day?‎ ‎4.—May I ask you some questions, Miss Wang?（对问句做出回答）‎ ‎—Sure, go_______.‎ ‎5.They have to get up early every day.（改为一般疑问句）‎ ‎_______they _______ _______ get up early every day?‎ ‎6.Must we drink eight cups of water every day?（作否定回答）‎ No，_______ _______ _______ _______.‎ ‎7.You’d better ask our computer teacher for help.（改为否定句）‎ You’d better _______ _______ our computer teacher for help.‎ ‎8.He talked with his father on the phone.（对画线部分提问）‎ ‎_______ did he _______ with his father?‎ ‎9.His father coughs badly, so he must stop smoking. (同义句转换)‎ His father has a bad cough, so he must_______ _______smoking.‎ ‎10.What’s wrong?（同义句转换）‎ What’s _______ _______？‎ II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。‎ ‎1.这个小女孩日夜思念着妈妈。‎ The girl misses her mother _______ and _______.‎ ‎2. —你今天感觉怎么样？‎ ‎—不是很糟。‎ ‎—How are you feeling today?‎ 9‎ ‎—_______ _______.‎ ‎3.露西和莉莉都是我的好朋友。‎ ‎_______ Lucy _______ Lily are my good friends.‎ ‎4.你的左脚怎么了？让我给你检查一下吧！‎ What’s wrong with your left foot? Let me _______ it _______.‎ ‎5.不要看电视看得时间太长了。‎ Don’t watch TV _______ _______.‎ ‎6.哈利吃了太多的糖果，很快他就牙疼了。‎ Harry ate candy, so he soon. ‎ ‎7.布莱克先生总是担心他的小儿子，因为他太小了不能照顾自己。‎ Mr. Black is always about his little son because he is too young to .‎ ‎8.他有大量的工作要做，因此他经常熬夜，感觉很累。‎ He has lots of work to do, so he often late and feels .‎ ‎9.我们应该经常运动，这能帮助我们增强体质。‎ We should do sports often, it can us our bodies ‎10. 另一方面，我们需要吃健康食品而不是快餐。‎ ‎ ，we need to eat healthy food fast food.‎ III.补全对话 从所给的选项中选择五个选项完成对话。 ‎ A．For two days．‎ B．I’m not feeling well．‎ C．I can play soccer with my friends．‎ D．Take this medicine three times a day．‎ 9‎ E．You should sleep late again,‎ F．But don’t work too long．‎ G．I’ve also got a sore throat．‎ A：What’s wrong with you，young man?‎ B： 1 ‎ A：Do you have a headache?‎ B：No．But I’m coughing badly and 2 ‎ A：How long have you been like this?‎ B： 3 ‎ A：Open your mouth and say “Ah...”‎ ‎ Hmm，nothing serious．You’ve just got a cold．‎ B：What should I do，doctor?‎ A：Don’t worry． 4 Drink more water and have a good rest．‎ B：Oh，doctor，I can’t take a rest at home．I must go to school．I have a very important exam tomorrow．‎ A：You can go to school． 5 Then you’ll be all right very soon．‎ B：Thank you．‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ I.‎‎ 句型转换，按要求完成下列句子。‎ ‎1. make; clean 2. spent; reading 3. What should 4. ahead 5. Do; have to ‎6. we/you don’t have to 7. not ask 8. How; talk 9. give up ‎ ‎10. the matter / the trouble II. 根据汉语提示，完成句子。‎ ‎1. day; night 2.Not bad 3.Both; and 4.check; over 5.for long ‎ ‎6. too much; had a toothache 7.worried; look after himself 8.stays up; tired ‎ ‎9. help; build up 10.On the other hand; instead of ‎ 9‎ III. 情景交际 ‎ ‎1-5. B G A D F 9‎