牛津深圳初二下学期英语知识点汇编总结 23页

Chapter one 一 课文重点词汇和短语 pay attention to 注意 go wrong 出毛病，出错 ‎ break down 抛锚 for example 例如 lose memory 失忆 become worse 变得更糟 be angry with 对…生气 the Guinness Book of Records 吉尼斯世界记录大全 ‎ a short-term/long-term memory 长/短时记忆 ‎ a man with an injured brain 一个脑伤的男人 amazing stories 令人惊叹的故事 be connected to 与…相连 be/feel amazed at …对…感到惊讶 make an excuse 找借口/借故 make an apology to sb. 道歉 write an article on the topic 写一篇关于这个主题的文章 include a feature about sth. 增加一个关于…的特写（报道）‎ look up a word in the dictionary 在字典 里查询单词 agree v. 同意 ‎⑴agree to ＋V ‎ We agreed to leave at once.我们同意立即走。‎ ‎⑵agree to sth. 赞同；允许 She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。‎ ‎⑶agree with sb. 同意某人的意见 I agree with Jim. 我同意Jim 的意见。‎ ‎⑷agree with sth. 赞同 I don’t agree with experiments on animals.‎ ‎⑸agree on sth. 对……意见一致 They all agree on this case. 他们对此案件意见一致。‎ ‎‘I think it’s a bad idea.’ “I couldn’t agree more”.(=I completely agree) ‘我认为这是一个坏主意。’“我完全同意”。‎ 反义词：disagree v. 不同意 everyday adj.“日常的；例行的；平凡的”相当于daily.‎ The article is written in everyday language. 这篇文章写得浅显易懂。‎ every day 副词短语 “每一天，天天”‎ He gets up at 6:30 every day. 他每天6：30起床。‎ 注意 death，die与dead 和dying ‎ death 是名词，意思是死亡，die 是动词，死；dead是形容词“死了的，死亡的”之意；dying是形容词，意思是即将死亡的，垂死的 二 语法：由if和unless引导的条件状语从句 含有if的复合句由两个分句组成；if 为连词，引导条件状语从句，另一句为主句。‎ 如果谈论的是某一个动作发生后势必会产生某个结果，那么主从句都用一般现在时态。‎ e.g. If you boil water, it becomes steam.‎ ‎ If you drop a glass, it breaks.‎ 如果谈论的是‘如果’某一个动作或事情发生后，很可能将会产生某种结果，那么在复句中主句的动词用一般将来时，而if从句仍然是一般 ‎ 现在时。‎ If he arrives in Hong Kong, he will call me.‎ 若 if 条件句放句首，从句后面要加逗号，和主句隔开。‎ unless 与if 用法相似，相当于if…not ‎ e.g. You will fail the exam if you don’t ‎ ‎ prepare for it.→ You will fail the ‎ ‎ exam unless you prepare for it.‎ 同步练习 ‎（）You will miss the train _you hurry up.‎ A. unless B as C. if D. until ‎( ) Tom will call me if he_Shanghai.‎ ‎ A. arrives B.will reach C arrives in D.get to ‎ Chapter 2‎ 一．课文重点词汇和短语 ‎1. look at oneself in the mirror 照镜子 ‎ ‎2. succeed in doing sth. = do sth successfully 成功做某事 ‎3. instead of 代替 = in place of 4. get…into trouble 使…陷入麻烦中 ‎5. be in trouble with 与…之间有麻烦 6.be in trouble 陷入困境 ‎7.all around the world 全世界 8. bad-tempered 脾气坏的 ‎9. a number of 许多 =many /a lot of /lots of /plenty of ‎ ‎10. in total 一共 11.stay up 熬夜 ‎12. the number of ……的数量 13. fall asleep 睡着 go to sleep 去睡觉 ‎14. come to life 有生气,活跃 15. play a trick on 捉弄 ‎16.stay in bed 卧床 17.escape from 逃离 ‎18. laugh at 嘲笑 19. be full of = be filled with 充满 ‎20. try to do sth 尽力做某事 21. in the late 1930s 20世纪30年代末 ‎22.think of 想到；想起；想出 think about 考虑 think over 仔细思考 ‎23. tell sb to do sth 告诉某人做某事 ‎ ‎24. a man called…= a man who is called… 叫…的人 二．语法 形容词概述 ‎1.形容词 用来修饰名词，说明事物的性质，特征或状态。‎ ‎ Mary is a good girl. ‎ ‎ The cartoons also have a long history.‎ ‎2. 形容词放在连系动词之后，如：be, look, sound, taste, smell, feel, seem, turn, keep, come…‎ ‎ It looks beautiful. ‎ ‎ The cake doesn’t taste sweet.‎ ‎3. 形容词做宾语补足语.它们能使动作完整并通常与一些特定的动词如：make, keep, want, find, think, prefer 连用。‎ ‎ They thought it would be funny to make the mouse clever.‎ ‎ I drank a lot of coffee to keep myself awake.‎ ‎4．形容词与不定式连用的两个句型。‎ ‎(1) It is +形容词+of / for sb. + to do sth. ‎ 若形容词是描述不定式行为者的性格、品质的，如kind，good，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.。‎ It’s very kind_____you____ help me. It’s clever ____ you_____work out the maths problem. ‎ 若形容词仅仅是描述事物，不是对不定式行为者的品格进行评价，用for sb.这类形容词有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。 It’s very dangerous_____children _____ cross the busy street. It’s difficult ____ us_____ finish the work.‎ ‎(2) n. + be + 形容词+ to do sth.‎ ‎ Comics are wonderful____________（read)‎ ‎ The film is exciting _______(see).‎ ‎5. 形容词修饰不定代词应位于其后：‎ ‎ I have ________________ (一些重要的事情) to tell you.‎ ‎ Is there ________________( 有趣的事情) in today’s newspaper?‎ ‎6. 以-ed 和-ing 结尾的形容词的比较：‎ 以-ed结尾的形容词强调人的感受:excited,interested,surprised,frightened ‎ 以-ing 结尾的形容词强调某事物本身的特征:exciting,interesting,surprising ‎ This is an ________ book and I am ________ in it. ( interest)‎ ‎ We were all deeply ________ by the _________ story. ( move)‎ ‎7. 注意 ‎1）Good是形容词，副词是well。 但是well 也可以作为形容词，但只能指身体好的。 ‎ ‎2）有些词既可以当形容词，又可以做副词：Long, early, late, high, low, enough, much，hard (hardly 意思为几乎不，不是hard的副词)‎ ‎ a. He is a hard student. b.He works very hard.‎ ‎ a. She is a fast runner. b.She runs very fast.‎ ‎ a. Do you like late dinners? b.No,I don’t like to eat late.‎ ‎3）很多副词由形容词加词尾 –ly 构成副词, 有些名词加ly 后可构成形容词(friend +ly ---friendly友好的 love+ ly---- lovely可爱的)‎ 复习：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级 ‎1. 形容词副词比较级和最高级的构成 单音节词加-er 和-est hard-harder-hardest 辅音字母y结尾 变y为i，再加-er/ -est easy- easier- easiest 重读音节并且是“辅音字母+元音字母+辅音字母” 要双写辅音字母再加-er/-est hot-hotter-hottest big-bigger-biggest 多音节词前加more /most beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful ‎2. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法 ‎ ①两者进行比较 A=B as +形容词或副词的原级+ as ‎ I am as tall as you.‎ ‎ Lucy sings as well as Lily.‎ A≠B not so/as +形容词或副词的原级+ as ‎ ‎ He is not as/so careful as his brother.‎ ‎ He doesn’t run as/so quickly as me.‎ A＞B或A＜B 形容词或副词的比较级+ than ‎ You are two years younger than me.‎ ‎ He is a little stronger than his father.‎ ‎ Nancy dances better than her classmates.‎ ‎②三者或三者以上进行比较 使用形容词或副词的最高级 常接in 或of 表比较范围 ‎ Who is the tallest in Class Three?‎ ‎ Shanghai is the largest of all the cities.‎ 注意：one of + 最高级+ 名词的复数 ‎ China is one of the strongest countries in the world.‎ ‎ the + 序数词+ 最高级+名词的单数 ‎ The Yellow River is the second longest river in the world.‎ ‎③注意以下几种情况：‎ A. 形容词或副词的比较级前可用much, a little, a bit ,even, far等程度副词或词组表示不同程度，但是注意，very 不行。‎ I’m a little/ much/far richer than you. ‎ Football is much more exciting than basketball.‎ B. 比较级+and +比较级表“越来越…”‎ stronger and stronger ‎ more and more beautiful C.“the +比较级…, the +比较级”表示“越是…越是…”‎ The busier she is, the happier she is.‎ 同步练习 ‎( )1. You don’t look so_____as usual.Why don’t you go to see a doctor? ‎ ‎ A. well  B. better   C. badly   D. worse ‎(   )2. It is lucky _____ to get such a good chance.‎ ‎ A. for him B.with him C.of him D.to him ‎( )3. The film is wonderful ______.‎ ‎ A. seeing B. to see C. saw D. see ‎( )4. This is ____ gift I have ever received. I love it very much.‎ ‎ A. the best B. better C. worse D. the worst ‎( )5. The fish smells______ .‎ A. badly B. well C. bad D. terribly ‎( )6.Allen spent ____ time on the composition, so he made ____ mistakes than Tony.‎ ‎ A. fewer, more B. less, fewer C. much, many D. more, fewer ‎( )7. They both worked for MGM in the______ 1930s. A. late B. later C. latter D. last ‎( )8. The reason why so many people sit before the television tonight is that there will be a ______ show. A. living B. live C. alive D. lived ‎( )9. This bag is as _____ as that one.‎ ‎ A. better B. good C. best D.well ‎( )10. I find it _______ to understand.‎ ‎ A. easy B. easily C. to easy D. easyly Chapter 3‎ 一 课文重点词汇和短语 make oneself clear 阐述清楚 be in danger 在危险中 environmental problems 环境问题 keep sb from (doing) sth… 阻止某人做某事 stop sb from (doing) sth… 阻止某人做某事 prevent sb from (doing) sth… 阻止某人做某事 in the form of … = in the style of 以……的形式 ‎ cut down trees 砍伐树木 take in harmful gases = absorb harmful gases 吸入有害气体 throw away 丢掉 all the way 全程；一路上 mountains of = a mountain of =a number of = a lot of 大量 in order to 为了 environmentally friendly 环保的 damage the environment 破坏环境 act as / act like 扮演，充当 greenhouse effect 温室效应 cause sb/ sth to do sth 导致……去做……‎ as many/ much as… 多达 reach= arrive in/ at = get to 到达 lead to 导致 take action to do sth 采取行动去…‎ deal with 处理 be on fire 着火 be harmful to sb =be bad for 对……有害 be different from= be not the same as 与…..不同 as a result 结果 be grateful to sb= be thankful to sb 对……感激 二．语法 A Why-questions:Why ‎ 特殊疑问词 why 用来问原因，“为什么”，回答时用because，表“因为”；‎ 注意: so 表示所以，在英语中，不能和because 连用 A:Why do you like Tom and ‎ ‎ Jerry? ‎ B: Because they are very ‎ ‎ funny.‎ l Because he was ill, so he didn’t come ‎ to school. ×‎ l He didn’t come to school because he was ill. = He was ill, so he didn’t come to ‎ school. √‎ B Patterns expressions a comparison 比较句型及表达 ‎(not) as…as ‎ ‎ like ‎ the same as ‎ different from ‎ ‎1. (not) as …as 表示在某一点上两事物（不）相同 ‎ as…as 之间必须用形容词或副词的原级 ‎ I’m not as tall as my brother.‎ ‎ Eric studies as hard as his twin sister.‎ 常用短语: as much (+n. ) as … 和…一样多 ，如…那么多, 修饰不可数名词 as many (+ n. ) as…　尽可能多 （修饰可数名词）‎ as soon as　尽快，一…就… as fast as　尽可能快 例句：‎ • You can eat as much ( chicken ) as you like.‎ • You should remember as many English words as you can.‎ • Finish your homework as soon as possible.‎ • After school, he ran home as fast as he could.‎ ‎2 like (介词）用于说明两事物在一个或更多的方面相同.‎ ‎ like+名词或代词 ‎ ‎ as也表示像的意思， 但 as 后接 从句 ‎ The boy looks like his father.‎ ‎ I’ll do as you advise.‎ ‎3 the same as 用于说明某事物与另一个一样.‎ ‎ I’m not the same height as my brother.‎ ‎ We have lived in this same house for thirty years.‎ same 前面必须有定冠词 the，后加单数名词 ‎4. different 正好相反，前面不用加the，后面 用复数名词 ‎ We study in the same school, but in different classes.‎ ‎ There are different books on the same subject.‎ ‎ Note: 但也可以说 a different 加单数名词 ‎ This is a different girl from the one I saw just now.‎ • different from用于说某事物和另一个不一样.‎ ‎ The dog is different from the other. ‎ ‎* 很多情况下, not as… as, not the same as ‎ 和 different from之间可以互换.‎ ‎ I’m not as heavy as him.‎ ‎ =I’m not the same weight as him.‎ ‎ =My weight is different from his.‎ 同步练习 ‎1. This film is not so interesting ________ that one.‎ ‎ A. as B. than C. for D. to ‎2. --Is Tom at school today? --No, he’s at home _________ he has a bad cold.‎ ‎ A. because B. if C. until D. before ‎3. He has ________ books as I. I have ________ money as he.‎ ‎ A. as much; as many B. as many; as much C. as many; so much D. more; more ‎4. I’m not sure whether Tony can sing _________ Pansy!‎ ‎ A. as well as B. as good as C. so good as D. as better as ‎5. Look! The boy in the river is _________ danger.‎ ‎ A. with B. on C. in D. above ‎6. Mike prefers to .‎ ‎ A. to swim; skating B. swimming; skating C. to swim; skate D. swimming; skate ‎7. Most of my classmates don’t like playing football, but I am________ them. I like it very much.‎ ‎ A. the same as B. different from C. like D. pleased with ‎8. The park is _______ beautiful that ________ many people come to visit it every year.‎ ‎ A. so; such B. such; so C. such; such D. so; so ‎9. ________ your help, I can’t work out the problem.‎ ‎ A. With B. No C. Without D. Under ‎10. Your school uniform is different ________ ours, but don’t throw them _________.‎ ‎ A. away; from B. from; away C. as; from D. to; as ‎11. The heavy rain ________ us ________ to school.‎ ‎ A. keeps; going B. stops; going C. to keep; to go D. stops; to go ‎12. The teacher asked us _________ in class.‎ A. not talk B. to not talk C. not to talk D. don’t talk ‎13. I went to school without ________ anything.‎ A. to eat B. eating C. eat D. to eating ‎14. We should read books ________.‎ A as much as possible B. as many as possible ‎ C. as many as you can D. as much as you can ‎15. I have to do ________ homework today. I am very busy.‎ A. too much B. too many C. much too D. little ‎16.She was sick yesterday, but she is ________ to go to school today.‎ A. enough good B. good enough C. well enough D. enough well Chapter 4‎ 一． 重点单词和短语 ‎1. accept v. 接受；承认 （反义词refuse） ‎ ‎2. educational adj. 教育 （n. education）‎ ‎3. exchange n. & v. 交换；交流 4. host n. 主人（反义词guest）‎ ‎5. own adj. 自己的 v. 拥有( n. owner)‎ ‎6. simple = easy adj. 简单的（反义词difficult） ‎ ‎7. culture n. 文化 (adj. cultural)‎ ‎8. confident adj. 自信的 (n. confidence) 9. deep adj. 深的 (adv. deeply)‎ ‎10. improve v. 改善，改进 ( n. improvement)‎ 短语 ‎ ‎1. take a visit / trip to … 去某处参观（旅行） 2. be able to do 能够做 ‎3. give a talk about/ on sth. to sb. 向某人做关于某事的报告 ‎ ‎4. throughout the world= all over the world 全世界 ‎5. live/ stay with 与…生活在一起 ‎6. go on sightseeing (tours) 去观光 7. make friends with 与…交朋友 ‎8. as well as 还；也；不及 9. since then 从那时起；打那以后 ‎10. keep/get in touch with 与…保持联系 11. in case 万一 ‎12.in order that 为了…… 13. be confident of …..对…..感到有信心 ‎14. look forward to doing…盼望做某事 15.apply for 申请 ‎16.go on a sightseeing tour 进行观光旅游 17. be deeply moved 被深深地打动 ‎18. win a scholarship 赢得奖学金 19. improve the situation 改善情况 二 语法：‎ 目的状语、结果状语、让步状语从句的用法 ‎【目的状语从句】‎ ‎ 我们能用so that和in order that去谈论目的，他们叫做目的状语从句。在目的状语从句中我们经常用can, may, will或者shall或者could, might, would 或者should。‎ 例如：We got up early so that we could catch the first train.‎ 我们早起为了赶上早班车. He studies hard so that he could find a better job in the future.‎ 他努力学习为了以后能有一份更好的工作. 解释句子 ‎1. He puts on his coat so that he won’t feel cold. ‎ He puts on his coat _____ _____ _____ he won’t feel cold.‎ ‎2. Mary often wears high heels in order that she may look taller.‎ Mary often wears high heels ______ ______ _______look taller.‎ Mary often wears high heels _____ _____ she may look taller.‎ ‎【结果状语从句】‎ 我们用去谈论一个行为或者状况的结果。他们叫做结果状语从句。‎ ‎ adjective(形容词)‎ ‎ adverb(副词) ‎ so manyfew+可数名词复数 that ‎ muchlittle不可数名词 ‎ ‎ ‎ aan+形容词+可数名词单数 ‎ such 形容词+可数名词复数不可数名词 that 用so…that… 或者such…that…填空：‎ ‎1. It was ______ hot in the cinema ______ I felt very uncomfortable. ‎ ‎2. It was _______ a funny film ______ I laughed until I cried!‎ ‎3. ______ few people came to see the film ___ the manager put on another film ‎ instead.‎ ‎4. Tom hurt his legs ______ badly _____ he was not able to walk for six months.‎ ‎5. There were ______ many people at the party _____our house got too crowded.‎ ‎6. Joy has ______ a strong love of films _____ she goes to the cinema every week.‎ 解释句子 ‎1. She is so short that she can’t play basketball well.‎ She is _____ short _______ ______ basketball well.‎ She is not ______ enough _____ play basketball well.‎ ‎2. The boy is so young that he can not go to school.‎ ‎ The boy is _____ young _____ go to school.‎ ‎【让步状语从句】‎ 让步状语从句通常由单词although或者though连接. 这两个单词可以连接两个相反的或者相对照的描述.‎ 例如: Although the trip was hard work, it was a very valuable experience for me.‎ ‎ 虽然旅行是苦差事, 对我来说却是一次难得的体验.‎ ‎ Sam did quite will in the exam although he was unprepared.‎ ‎ 萨姆在这次考试中虽然没有准备,但他考得很好.‎ ‎ Linda still spares time to help people though she is always very busy.‎ ‎ 琳达虽然非常忙但她仍然花时间去帮别人.‎ 同步练习 ‎( )1. Every child looks forward to____ lots of presents on Christmas Eve.‎ A. get B. gets C. getting D. got ‎( )2. ____he was ill ,he worked hard.‎ A. Though B. So C. Although D. A and C ‎( )3John has many foreign friends. He_____ them by email.‎ A. keeps in touch with B. take action ‎ ‎ C. pays attention to D .looks after ‎( )4.Keep my phone number _____there is something wrong.‎ A.so B. in case C.but D.in case of ‎( )5.It is raining_____ heavily _____we cannot go out for a walk.‎ A.such;that B.as;as C.such;as D.so;that ‎( )6.Mary is_____ a nice gril _____everyone likes her very much.‎ A.so;that B.such; that C.so;in order that D.such;though ‎( )7.—What do you think of Tom?‎ ‎-- Clever enough ____he is only a little boy.‎ A.but B.though C.because D.so ‎( )8.Tom is working hard______ he can get good marks in the final exam.‎ A.so as to B.in order to C.in order D.so that ‎( )9.—How do you like the film, Tony?‎ ‎--It is_____ film that I have seen it several times.‎ A.a so interesting B. a such interesting ‎ C.such a interesting D.so interesting a ‎ ‎( )10. There is _______ cigarette smoke in the cinema _____ I can hardly breathe.‎ A.so much, that B.so many; that ‎ C.such many, that D.so;that ‎( )11._________， I have never met her.‎ A. Since then B From then on ‎ ‎ C. Now then D. Since then on.‎ ‎( )12.The aim ______ learn about the life of the poor in China.‎ A. are to B.is to C.is going D. will going to ‎ Chapter 5‎ 一 重点单词和短语 would rather do sth 宁愿做某事 be worth doing 值得一做 be born with 出生 save up 储蓄 at the age of 在……岁的时候 give sb a hand 帮助某人 win …prize/ awards 获得……奖 give up 放弃 at a price 以很高代价 ‎ have a happy childhood 度过幸福的童年 be strict with sb in sth 对某人在某方面要求严格 practise playing the piano 练习弹钢琴 make up one’s mind to do sth=decide to do sth 下决心做某事 quit one’s job 辞职 in place of = in stead of 代替 from then on 从那以后 get one’s big chance 获得…..的好机会 be responsible for 负责……. at huge events 在大型活动(事件)中 piano competition 钢琴比赛 choose sb to do sth 选择某人做某事 without any effort 轻而易举 fall ill 生病 be tired of sth/ doing sth 厌倦…… be grateful to sb 对……感激 a talented man 有天赋的人 encourage and support sb 鼓励并支持某人 二 语法：过去进行时 过去进行时态：过去进行时表示过去某时正在进行的状态或动作。结构如下 be（was/were）+doing 否定：‎ be（was/were）not +doing 疑问：‎ be（was/were）提前,句号变问号。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎1.表示过去某时间点或时间段发生的事情。at+时间点，at this time, at that time…‎ My father was watching TV at 6p.m. yesterday.‎ I was doing my homework from 7 to 9 yesterday evening.‎ ‎2. 表示过去某时间点或时间段发生的事情。when从句表示时间点。‎ I was reading a book when he came in.‎ He was cleaning the room when I saw him.‎ ‎3. 两个动作（延续性）同时发生，主从句的动词都可用过去进行时。从句用when 或while引导。‎ While other one-year-old babies were sleeping in their parents’ arms, Lang Lang was learning how to read music.‎ He was practising the piano when I was cooking.‎ ‎4.when 与while区别： ‎ ‎ when＋从句，‎ ‎ 可以延续性动词(过去进行时)，‎ ‎ 也可以短暂性动词（一般过去时）；‎ ‎ while＋从句,‎ ‎ 一定是延续性动词(过去进行时)。‎ ‎ 当我看到他的时候，他正在吃早饭。‎ ‎ He was having breakfast when I saw him.‎ ※ 总结：_________ 只能表示时间段，其后只能用过去进行时。‎ ※ ‎_________ 既可表示某一个时间点，也可以表示某一个时间段，所以其后的动词可以时延续性动词，也可以是短暂性动词。‎ 请用when和while填空。‎ ‎1．_______ I got home, he was having supper. ‎ ‎2. ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ we were still laughing, the teacher came in. ‎ ‎3. ____________I was reading letters last night, he was watching TV.‎ ‎4. She was very surprised ______ she saw me.‎ ‎5. Please do not talk so loud _________ others are working. ‎ 注意：‎ ※ 不用于进行时的动词： agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate, hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish等。‎ ※ 表示过去按计划、安排将要发生的事。常用come, go, leave, start, arrive等表示位置移动的动词的进行时态表将要发生的动作。‎ He told me that he was leaving for Shanghai the next day.‎ ※ 与一般过去时的区别：‎ A一般过去时往往表示某一动作已经完成，而过去进行时表示动作在持续或未完成。‎ She did her homework last night. ( 作业做完了)‎ She was doing her homework last night.(作业不一定写完)‎ B 一般过去时表示动作只做一次，而过去进行时表示动作反复进行。‎ He waved to me.(挥了挥手)‎ He was waving to me.(不断地挥手)‎ Chapter 5巩固练习 选择填空：‎ ‎( ) 1. -- What did you see over there just now?‎ ‎-- Some children _______ kites.‎ A. was flying B. were flying C. are fly D. are flying ‎( ) 2. -- What was he doing _______ you went to say goodbye to him?‎ ‎-- He _________ a picture.‎ A. while; were drawing B.when; was drawing ‎ C. when; drew D. while; draw ‎( ) 3. -- I called you at half past nine this morning, but there was no answer.‎ ‎ -- Oh, sorry. I ________ chess with my friends in the backyard.‎ A. were playing B. played C. was playing D. am playing ‎ ‎( ) 4. – What were you doing when the bell _______?‎ ‎-- I __________ with my mother.‎ A. rang; were watching TV B. going out; was chatting ‎ C. went off; was dancing D. ringing; were arguing ‎ ‎( ) 5. He was busy working in the office _______ someone broke in. ‎ A. while B when C after D before ‎( ) 6. I _______ Fuji Mountain while I was staying in Japan. ‎ A. visited B. was visiting C had visited D visit ‎( ) 7. I ___________ when someone knocked at the door, ‎ ‎ A. asleep B was sleeping C slept D were sleeping ‎ ‎( ) 8 My father _________while I __________ at 7 p.m. yesterday.‎ A. was watching TV, studied B. watched TV, was studying C. was watching TV, was studying. D. watched TV, studied ‎( ) 9. _______ he __________basketball from 4 to 5 o’clock yesterday afternoon?‎ A. Was, playing B. Were ,playing B. Did, play D. Does, play ‎( ) 10. ---What _____ you doing from 7 to 9 yesterday evening?‎ ‎ ---I ________ doing my English homework. ‎ ‎ A was, was B were, was C were, were D was, were ‎( )11 ─ What did you see while you were walking to school this morning?‎ ‎ ─ I ________ a car accident.‎ ‎ A was seeing B see C saw D had seen ‎( )12. ______ you _______ this time yesterday?‎ ‎ A. Did, study B. Were, studying C. Were, D. Did, studying ‎( )13. It was a great _______.‎ A. successful B. succeed D. success D. successfully ‎( )14. He didn’t go to school ________illness yesterday . ‎ ‎ A. because of B. because C. why D. so ‎( )15.- Mum, the exam is coming . I’m afraid …‎ ‎________. I’m sure you can pass it . ‎ A. Don’t worry B. Not to worry . C. Don’t worried D. Not worry 二、 完形填空 (每小题1分，共10小题，共10分)‎ As I have learnt English very well in the university（大学）, I have a good chance（机会）to stay as a teacher with the university where I am___16___. Most of my friends and parents__17___ that it's the best for a girl to be a university teacher.       But I don't know__18_____ to do , It is not that I wouldn't like to be a__19____ . But I don't want to stay, not___20___, because I need some experience（经验） to tell my students how to turn their textbook___21____ to use.       I once taught business English at a night school, yet I had never done any___22__. Though I tried hard to give my lessons, I still___23_____ to create（创造） a "real" situation（情景） for my students to practice with. Well, it's not time for me to____24___ here and spend my life in a university. I want to work in a place where I can__25____ what I've learnt: my knowledge of English and French, and also of the computer. And I want to know more about other things. ( )16. A. visiting B. working C .studying D. playing ( )17. A. know B. think C. excuse D. .hear ( )18. A. whether B .what C. how D. why ( )19. A. teacher B. student C. friend D. parent ( )20. A. before B. enough C. now D. yet ( )21. A. pictures B. covers C. pages D. knowledge ( )22. A. business B homework C. shopping D. reading ‎ ‎( )23. A .failed B. enjoyed C. decided D. needed ( )24. A. study B. work C. travel D. wait ( )25. A .learn B. finish C .worry D. Use ‎ 8B chapter 6语言知识点过关 一、必背词组：（中英互译）‎ ‎1、鼓励某人做某事 2、漆围墙 ‎3、不得不做某事 4、30码长、3码高 ‎5、出现、一道走 6、取笑某人 ‎7、拾起 8、去游泳 ‎9、获得一次机会 10、继续做某事 ‎ ‎11、对…感兴趣 12、过一会儿（不久）‎ ‎13、上漆；作画 14、一半 ‎15、在某人的心里 16、经过；路过 ‎17、感觉疲备 18、如此…以致于…‎ 二．选择题( 15分)‎ ‎( )1． ---Ben looks so sad! ---He ____in the school__ __his haircut.‎ A was made fun of , because B was made fun of , because of ‎ C made fun of , because D made fun of , because of .‎ ‎( )2. ---I am going shopping . Would you like to ____me , Maria?‎ ‎ ---Yes, I ‘d love to . ‎ A come along B come down with C come down D come along with ‎( )3. ----Where are the other boys?‎ ‎ ---They all ___to the playground ____me. ‎ ‎ A have gone, except B have been, besides ‎ ‎ C have gone, besides D have been, except ‎( )4. ---Who is your uncle? ---The man ____is smiling is my uncle.‎ A who B which C whom D whose ‎( )5. ---Did Mr.Li leave Shenzhen _______Saturday morning?‎ ‎ ---Yes. He will be back____two weeks.‎ ‎ A on , after B on, in C in , after D in, in ‎ ‎( )6. ---You really have nothing to say about the robbery, _____? ‎ ‎---Yes, I am feeling guilty.‎ A have you B haven’t you C do you D don’t you ‎( )7 ---Do you think Mark Twain’s stories are ___? ‎ ‎ ---Yeah. Most of us are ____in his stories.‎ A interesting , interested B interested, interesting C interesting , interesting D interested, interesting.‎ ‎( )8 .Take care of the boy and the dog ____ are crossing the street. ‎ ‎ A. which B. who C. that D. whom ‎( )9 .I am the only one ______ can do it right.‎ A. which B. who C. that D. whom ‎( )10 He was reading a book _____he had bought from London.‎ A what B who C which D when ‎( )11. I ___him to work hard and to try for the exam. He looked confident again.‎ A encouraged B made C let D forced.‎ ‎( )12. After he had finished ____the text, he went on _____the housework. ‎ A reading, doing B to read, doing C to read, to do D reading , to do ‎( )13.Our classroom is five metres ____ and four metres ____. ‎ A wide, length B width, long C height, length D long, wide ‎( )14. The students all came into the lab____some books ____their hands A with, in B with, on C have, by D have, with.‎ ‎( )15. The poor man begged _____money, but some children made fun ____him.‎ A to, on B of, for C for, of D for , at ‎ 二 完型填空 (10分)‎ Mark Twain, the famous American writer, was travelling in France. One day, he was going to Dijon__1__train. That afternoon when he arrived in Dijon, it was very late. He ___2___ that he was a heavy sleeper. “I ‘ll probably protest (抗议)loudly when you try to ___3__me up,”he said to the conductor. “But do not take any notice, just keep ___4__ me.”Then Mark Twain went to sleep. Later, when he woke up, it was night time and the train was ___5___in Paris. He realized at once that the conductor ___6___ to wake him up at Dijon. He was very angry. He ran up to the conductor and began to __7___at him, “ I haven’t been so ___8___in all my life,” Mark Twain said. The conductor looked at him___9___, “ You are not half as angry as the American ___10___I put off when the train arrived at Dijon.”he said. ‎ ‎( ) 1. A in B on C by D with ‎ ‎( ) 2. A explained B lied C ordered D asked ‎ ‎( ) 3. A pick B ask C put D wake ‎( )4. A waking B asking C beating D pushing ‎ ‎( )5. A still B already C not D past ‎ ‎( )6. A wouldn’t B disliked C forgot D decided ‎( )7. A shout B cry C point D angry ‎( )8. A happy B sleepy C tried D angry ‎ ‎( ) 9. A happily B sadly C calmly D excitedly ‎( ) 10. A whom B that C which D the one.‎ 六． 解释下列句子 ‎1. What’s the height of the wall?‎ ‎2. The length of the fence is 30 yards.‎ ‎3 All the children played happily in the park, but Tom didn’t.‎ ‎4. Polly was very pleased. And she gave Tom a large cake.‎ ‎5.Whenever the singer comes along, his fans are joyful.‎ 二 语法：定语从句 ‎1. 定语从句的含义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句 ‎2. 先行词的含义：被修饰的名词或代词 ‎3. 关系词的含义：引导定语从句的词 关系代词: Who, whom, whose, which, that等 关系副词：When, where, why等 ‎4.如何正确选用关系词？‎ 指代 所做成分 是否可省略 ‎ that 人；物 主语；宾语 作宾语可省 which 物 主语；宾语 作宾语可省 who 人 主语；宾语 作宾语可省 ‎5. 特殊情况——只能用that引导定语从句的几种情况 ‎1.先行词是不定代词all, everything,nothing,anything,much,little, few等时 ‎2.先行词被all,every,any, no,little much修饰时 ‎3.先行词被序数词及最高级修饰时 ‎4.先行词被the only,the very,the last,the last修饰时 ‎5.当有两个或两个以上表示人和物的先行词时 ‎6.主句以who,what,which开头的特殊疑问句时 e.g.：1. I have never taken anything that doesn’t belong to me.‎ ‎2. He was one of the greatest scientists that I’ve ever known.‎ ‎3. The only thing (that) he did was to call the police.‎ ‎ 4. I am so interested in the things and the people (that) he described to me.‎ 三、随堂练习 ‎（一）单项填空。‎ ‎( ) 1. I want to know the boy ________ is wearing a black shirt.‎ A. which B. that C. where D. who ‎( ) 2. These are the gifts ________ my friends sent to me.‎ A. what B. that C. when D. who ‎( ) 3. This is the movie _________ made me cry yesterday.‎ ‎ A. which B. what C. where D. who ‎( ) 4. Jim will tell me everything __________ he knows about Mary.‎ A. which B. that C. where D. who ‎( ) 5. A dictionary is a book __________ can help us look up some new words.‎ A. which B. who C. where D. /‎ ‎( ) 6. I have a friend _____ has a good camera.‎ A. who B. whom C. whose D. he ‎( ) 7. It sounded like a train ____ was going under my house.‎ A. who B. which C. / D. whom ‎( ) 8. The boy ____ we saw yesterday was John’s brother.‎ A. which B. who C. whose D. what ‎( ) 9. The TV play I watched last night is the best one ____I have ever watched this year.‎ A. that B. who C. which D. whom ‎( ) 10. John was the only one _____ I had visited.‎ A. which B. that C. whom D. who ‎( ) 11. The second book _____ I want to read is Red And Black.‎ A. which B. what C. that D. as ‎( ) 12. The boy handed everything _____ he had picked in the street to the police.‎ A. which B. that C. what D. whatever ‎( ) 13. This is the very child _____ parents were killed in the war.‎ A. who B. that C. whose D. whom ‎( ) 14. September 18, 1931 is the day _____ we’ll never forget.‎ A. when B. on which C. on that D. that ‎( ) 15. The building _____ all elder university teachers prefer looks so beautiful.‎ A. at which B. where C. which D. on which ‎( ) 16. Is this the shop _____ sells children’s clothing?‎ A. what B. which C. in which D. where ‎( ) 17. He talked about the teachers and schools _____ he had visited.‎ A. who B. which C. that D. what ‎( ) 18. The most important thing ____ we should pay attention to is the first thing _____ I have said.‎ A. which, that B. that, which C. which, which D. that, that ‎(二)、语法专练：用关系代词 who or which填空 ‎1.He is the person ______ helped me.‎ ‎2.That’s the computer ______ broke down.‎ ‎3.We’re not the students ______ won the the bad-Minton match.‎ ‎4.It’s the dog ______ lives in our block of flats.‎ ‎5.They’re the socks ______ are on sale this week.‎ ‎6.He’s the person ______ is waiting for a taxi.‎ ‎7.This is the train _______ goes to Shenzhen.‎ ‎8.This the the road _______ leads to the Book City.‎ ‎(三) 用关系词who, which和that将两个句子合并为一个含有定语从句的句子。‎ 1. She enjoyed the film. The film was acted by Jacky Chan.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ 2. This is my brother. He is a good actor.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ 3. They visited a museum. The museum was built in 1990.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ 4. The only thing is to wait for another train. They can do now.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ 5. I was deeply moved by a story. Jenny told me a story just now.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________‎ ‎8B chapter 7语言知识点过关 一、必背词组：（中英互译）‎ ‎1.写一篇关于…的文章 2.与某人交谈 ‎3.大量… 4.零花钱 ‎5叫某人做某事 6.打扫某人的房间 ‎7.毕竟，终究 8. 一个快乐的童年 ‎9. 打扰某人 10. 不得不做 ‎11. 学着做 12. 照顾，看管 ‎13. 付钱给某人做… 14. …的责任 ‎15. 一些有用的东西 16. 开始做…‎ ‎17. 给某人买某物 18. 想不劳而获 二、选择填空 ‎( )1. _____ pocket money do you need every week?‎ A. How many B. How much C. How often D. How soon ‎( )2. ---Could you please tell me ________?‎ ‎---Bus No.32 will take you right there. ‎ A. where is Henan Museum B. what Henan Museum is like ‎ C. how can I get to Henan Museum D. which bus I shall take to Henan Museum　‎ ‎( )3. We had learnt more than 2,000 English words ______ last term.‎ A. at the end of B. by the end of C. in the end of D. to the end ‎( )4. Sorry _____ you, but I’ve got something to tell you.‎ A. to disturb B. disturbing C. troubling D. trouble ‎( )5. The kids are busy ______ ready _________ the Christmas party.‎ ‎ A. getting, for have B. to get, to C. getting, to have D. to get, for ‎ ‎( )6. ---He seldom does housework, _______ he?‎ ‎ ---_________.He’s very lazy.‎ A. does, Yes B. does, No C. doesn’t, Yes D. doesn’t, No ‎( )7. Can you find out what time _________?‎ ‎ A the train leave B. does the train leave ‎ C. will the train leave D. the train leaves ‎( )8. Could you tell me _________ the radio without any help?‎ ‎ A. how does he mend B. what does he mend ‎ C. how he mends D. what he mends ‎( )9. The conductor reminded the passengers _________ any of their belonging on the bus. ‎ ‎ A. not to leave B. not leave C. don’t leave D. don’t to leave ‎ ‎( )10. I _______ lots of time playing with my pet dog.‎ A, pay B, take C, spend D, cost 三、 解释句子 ‎1. I spent 100yuan buying the latest racket.‎ ‎2. He seldom finishes his homework.‎ ‎3. Don’t disturb me while I’m studying.‎ ‎4. The dictionary is very useful when you learn English.‎ ‎5. I am expecting a big present from my parents on my birthday. ‎ 四. 完型填空 Kate and Sandy are American students.. they ＿1＿ sisters. They live ＿2＿ now. Kate is ＿3＿ than Sandy. She likes living in town very much. Kate thinks living in town is ＿4＿＿ than ＿5＿ in the country. There are more parks, shops and cinemas in town than in the country. She especially likes the lights in town. She thinks the lights ＿＿6＿＿ are more ‎ beautiful than the stars. She likes to read and reads ＿＿7＿＿ than Sandy. Often Kate reads until very late at night. Sandy likes the country ＿＿8＿＿. She thinks the country life is quiet. There is less noise and fewer cars. She likes to visit her Aunt Peggy. She often helps her aunt ＿＿9＿＿ her work. Sandy likes to run. She runs faster than Kate. In the country Sandy can run longer than in town. She also thinks running in the country ＿＿10＿＿ the most exciting thing to do.‎ ‎( )1. A. am B. is C. are D. ／‎ ‎( )2. A. in the town B. in town C. in the country D. in country ‎( )3. A. old B. older C. more old D. more older ‎( )4. A. interesting 　 B. more interesting 　 C. beautiful D. more beautiful ‎( )5. A. live B. living C. to live D. is living ‎( )6. A. at night B. at the night C. in night D. in the night ‎( )7. A. quickly B. more quickly C. quicklier D. more quickly ‎( )8. A. good B. well C. better D. best ‎( )9. A. for B. at C. to D. with ‎( )10. A. am B. is C. are D. ／‎ 五. 书面表达 ‎(A)‎ 没有规矩不成方圆,每个家庭也应该有自己的规矩.现在,作为一名中学生,父母委托你来制定一则家庭规章制度来供家庭成员遵守,如:不要吃快餐;不要买太多的电脑游戏,不要在晚上外出;保持房间的整洁,和朋友外出放松等等,请你根据提示完成下列句子.每空一词,总分5分.‎ ‎1 Don’t eat _______ food.‎ ‎2 Don’t buy too many __________ games.‎ ‎3 Don’t go out at _________.‎ ‎4 Keep your bedroom ________.‎ ‎5 Go out with friends to _________.‎ ‎(B)‎ 根据提示写一篇作文.总分10分.‎ 题目：My family charter 字数: 80词左右.‎ 二 语法：直接引语、间接引语：‎ ‎1. 直接引语: 当我们引用别人的话语时, 若引用的是原话,被引用的部分叫直接引语.‎ She said, ‘I like eating fish very much.’‎ ‎2. 间接引语：当我们要引用别人的话语时，可以用自己的话把意思转述出来，这种转述别人说话的部分叫间接引语．‎ She said, ‘I like eating fish very much.’‎ ‎3. 直接引语改为间接引语时 直接引语改为间接引语时, 时态的变化：‎ a：如果主句的动词是现在时或将来时，间接引语中的时态不变．‎ b：如果主句动词的时态是过去时，间接引语中的时态要变成相应的过去时态．‎ 4. 转述 ‎ a: 当转述祈使句时, 主从句用that连接。That 可省 I will call you tomorrow.‎ He says he will call me the next day.‎ b: 当转述祈使句时, 根据句子意思可以选用不同的动词不定式表示.‎ 转述指示用：told／ordered／instructed 转述请求用：asked 转述承诺用：promised 肯定句:told/asked/promised sb to do sth.‎ 否定句:told/asked/promised sb not to do sth.‎ c: 转述一般疑问句时，用asked…if/whether，注意要把一般疑问句转换为陈述句句型．‎ If和whether通常情况下通用，但是如果句中有or not，就只能用whether．‎ My friend asked me, ‘Do you like English?’‎ My friend asked me if/whether I liked English.‎ E.g. She asked me, “Do you like summer?”‎ She asked me if I liked summer.‎ She asked me whether I liked summer.‎ d: 转述特殊疑问句时，用asked…+疑问词，注意要把特殊疑问句转换为陈述句句型．‎ Mary asked me, ‘Who is she?’‎ Mary asked me who she was.‎ ‎（一）、将下列直接引语改成间接引语：先找主谓宾，再把宾做主，主动变被动，be、by来帮忙。‎ ‎1. She said to Tom, “Can you skate?” =‎ ‎2. He said, “Do you like the film, Mary?”=‎ ‎3. He said, “Are you a student?”=‎ ‎4. The girl said to me, “Do you often help your mother with the housework?”‎ ‎=‎ ‎5. The teacher asked, “How did you repair it?”=‎ ‎6. John said to me, “Whom are you looking for?”=‎ ‎7. Mother said,“Wash your hands before meals.”=‎ ‎8.Mr. Smith said, “Look at the blackboard.”=‎ ‎9. He said, “Go away.”=‎ ‎10.The teacher said, “Stop talking, boys and girls.”=‎ ‎11.He said to Dr Bethune, “Don’t go on operating any more.”‎ ‎=‎ ‎12.The teacher said, “Boys and girls, sit down, please.”‎ ‎=‎ ‎13.Tom said to the teacher, “I’m sorry I haven’t brought my maths exercise-book.”‎ ‎=‎ ‎14.He asked me, “Have you met her?”=‎ 二、单项选择：‎ ‎( )1. A: Thank you very much for _____ your bike ____me. By the way, how long can I ____ it? B: For hours.‎ ‎ A: lending…to; keep B. lend…to; borrow ‎ C.borrow…from; lend D.borrowing…from; keep ‎( )2. A: _______ good weather! B: Let’s go out for a walk.‎ ‎ A. What a B. What C. How D. How a ‎ ‎( )3. I have two sisters. One is a farmer, _____ is a driver.‎ ‎ A. other B. others C. the other D. another ‎( )4. He often gets up early _______ the morning, but he got up late _____ the morning of April 6th.‎ ‎ A. in; on B. in; in C. at ; in D. on; on ‎( )5. You don’t like the same colors and I don’t like them, ______.‎ ‎ A. too B. also C. either D. neither ‎( )6. There _____ a football game in out school this evening.‎ ‎ A. is going to have B. be going to is C. will have D. will be ‎( )7. I asked Xiao Wang and Xiao Li to come for supper, but _____ of them came.‎ ‎ A. all B. neither C. both D. either ‎( )8. The young man has been a doctor________.‎ ‎ A. five years ago B. since five years before C. for five year D. since five years ago ‎( )9. Little Tom is _____ in that _______story-book.‎ ‎ A. interesting; interesting B. interested; interesting ‎ C. interested; interested D. interesting; interested ‎( )10. The number of the students in our school _____ more than two thousand, and a number of them ____ League members.‎ ‎ A. are; are B. is; are C. are; is D. is; is ‎( )11. Could you tell me _______? ‎ ‎ A. Mr. King where lives B. where does Mrs. King live ‎ C. where Mrs. Ling lives D. where Mrs. King lives in ‎( )12. It is raining hard, you’d better _____ out at the moment.‎ ‎ A. not go B. don’t go C. not to go D. to not go ‎( )13.A:Must I finish my homework now? B: No, you ______. You ____ do it tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. mustn’t ; must B. needn’t; may C. mustn’t; may D. needn’t; mustn’t ‎( )14. A: Could I speak to Mr. Green? B: _________.‎ ‎ A. What is your name? B. Hold on for a moment, please.‎ ‎ C. No, you can’t. D. Who are you?‎ ‎( )15. A: ________? B: It is Monday.‎ ‎ A. What day is it today? B. What is the date today?‎ ‎ C. What is the time? D. Which day is the first day of a week?‎ ‎( )16. I think maths ______ than English.‎ ‎ A. is more much important B. are more important ‎ C. is much more important D. are important ‎( )17. A: Have you finished _____ the book? ‎ B: Not yet. I’ll try _____ it to you before Friday.‎ ‎ A. reading; returning B. to read; to return ‎ C. reading; to return D. to read; returning ‎( )18. A: Happy birthday to you , Li Ling. B: ________________.‎ ‎ A. Thank you B. You, too. C. The same to you. D. Thank you all the time.‎ ‎( )19. We have learned about_____ these years.‎ ‎ A. seven hundreds English words B. hundreds of English words ‎ C. hundred of English words D. several hundred English word ‎( )20. I can run_______ catch up with him.‎ ‎ A. enough fast B. fast enough to C. enough quickly D. quickly enough ‎( ) 21.If I get a job, I ___ as a teacher. ‎ A. work B. will work C. am working D. worked ‎( ) 22.There is ____ with it, don’t worry. A. nothing seriously wrong B. nothing serious wrong ‎ C. serious nothing wrong D. seriously wrong nothing ‎( ) 23. He forgot things happening recently because he has ___ his short-term memory. ‎ A. lost B. forgot C. had D. kept ‎( ) 24. Nobody will trust him ___ he tells a lie. A. before B. unless C. until D. if ‎( ) 25. I don’t know if he ___, if he ___, I will let you know. ‎ A. will come, comes B. will come, will come C. comes, comes D. comes, will come