人教初三英语上unit知识点讲解及练习 16页

‎ Unit 1 ‎ ‎ 【语言点】‎ 1. by 的用法: I study by working with a group.‎ ‎“通过……方式”　如：by studying with a group ‎“在…旁边/附近”如：  The teacher stands by the window.  / I live by the river. ‎ ‎ “在…以前”、“截止…为止“如： I have to go back by ten o’clock.‎ ‎ “乘交通工具” 如：The student went to park by bus.‎ ‎ “被” 如：some articles written by Lu Xun. ‎ 2. practice的用法: Do you ever practice conversations with your friends?‎ ‎ un. “实践，练习，锻炼”： Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。‎ ‎ v. “练习”= practise [英]： +n. We often practice English in groups.‎ ‎ +pron. We should practice them in pairs.‎ ‎ +v.-ing We should practice English more.‎ 3. ask的用法：‎ ask sb. about sth.问某人某事 He asked me about the best way to learn English yesterday.‎ ask sb. to do sth.要求/让/请某人做某事：He asked his mother to buy him a new bicycle.‎ ask sb. for sth.向某人要某物 My mother asked me for help yesterday.‎ 4. ‎ [a lot, a lot of, lots of]‎ ‎①a lot 许多，大量 如： I ate a lot last night.‎ ‎ 非常 如： I love the movie a lot.‎ ‎②a lot of 相当于lots of 修饰n. ‎ 用于肯定句中， 否定句中常用many或much ‎ 5. 征求意见句型 ‎ ①What/ how about +doing sth.?  如：What/ How about going shopping? ‎ ‎   ②Why don’t you + do sth.?=Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why don’t you go shopping? /Why not go shopping? ‎ ‎   ③ Let’s + do sth.           如： Let’s go shopping ‎   ④ Will/ Would/Could you please do…? 如：Could you please pass that book to me?‎ ‎   ⑤Shall we/ I + do sth.?     如：Shall we/ I go shopping?‎ ‎ ⑥Would you mind doing…? 如： Would you mind turning the radio down?‎ 6. find的用法：Sometimes, he finds watching movies frustrating because the people speak too quickly.‎ find + n./pron.‎ ‎②find + 宾语+ 宾补（形容词/ 介词短语/ 分词）‎ 可转换为find+ that…‎ find + it + adj. + to do其中 it 做形式主语 I find him friendly. ‎ We found him in bed. ‎ We found her honest.‎ He found the window closed. ‎ I found him working in the garden.‎ ‎ ③it 还可作形式主语： It is + adj. + to do 7. We get excited about something and end up speaking in Chinese .‎ get+ 宾语+宾补（形容词/ 过去分词/ 现在分词） 使某种情况发生 把鞋擦干净 Get the shoes clean. ‎ 我想去修自行车 I want to get my bike repaired. ‎ 你不能让他老等着 You can’t get him waiting. ‎ ‎②get 可作系动词 ‎ Be（am /is /are /was /were）‎ 系动词 表保持（stay /keep）‎ 表改变（get /become /turn） +adj.‎ ‎ 感官动词（…起来）:feel /look /sound /smell /taste……‎ ‎③end 的用法：‎ ‎ at the end of …“在…的末尾、末端” At the end of the concert at the end of the road n. in the end “最后”，“终于” (at last, finally ) In the end I decided to stay here.‎ ‎ by the end of “到…结束时/…时为止 By the end of this summer holiday, I had finished my homework.‎ v. end up doing sth. 结束做某事= finish doing sth.‎ ‎ end up with 以… 结束 The party ended up with her singing.‎ 1. afraid的用法：I was afraid to speak in class… …‎ ‎ that+从句 恐怕… I’m afraid that I can’t come here on time.‎ be afraid to do sth. 不敢做某事 She was afraid to go out alone at night.‎ ‎ of 害怕 I was afraid of snakes when I was young.‎ 2. deal with 处理：How do we deal with our problems?‎ deal with：侧重于方式，方法，特殊疑问句中用how I don't know how he deal with the problem.‎ do with: 侧重对象，特殊疑问句用what I don't know what he did with the problem.‎ 3. unless除非，假如不，如果不。引导条件状语从句 ‎ ‎  如：You will fail unless you work hard..假如你不努力你会失败。 ‎ I won’t write unless he writes first. 除非他先写要不我不写 4. see sb. / sth. doing看见某人正在做某事 强调正在发生 see sb. / sth. do看见某人在做某事 ‎ 如： She saw him drawing a picture in the classroom.  她看见他正在教室里画画。‎ 5. ‎  “也”‎ also 也、而且（用于肯定句）常在句子的中间 ‎ either 也（用于否定句）常在句末 ‎ ‎ too  也 (用于肯定句) 常在句末 ‎ ‎【重点语法】‎ 1. 动词+ by doing 结构 2. 动词不定式及动名词在句中成分 3. 现在完成时复习 ‎( ) 1. Look at the old man. He makes money selling old books.‎ ‎ A. in B. for C. at D. by ‎( ) 2. --- How do you improve you English?‎ ‎ --- By .‎ ‎ A.read and speak B.to read and to speak C.reading and speaking D.reading and speak ‎( ) 3. Did you find very interesting to play football?‎ ‎ A. this B.its C. that D. it ‎( ) 4. The sports meeting will continue it rains this afternoon.‎ ‎ A. but B. since C. as soon as D.unless ‎( ) 5. ---Many students don't know how to ____________ stress.‎ ‎ ---I think they'd better ask their teachers for help.‎ ‎ A. argue with B. deal with C. quarrel with D. come up with ‎( ) 6. _____ you work harder, you will not pass the examination.‎ ‎ =If you don’t work harder, you will not pass the examination A. Until B .If C. Till D. Unless ‎ ‎( ) 7. He learnt English by ____________ English songs.‎ ‎ A. listen B. listen to C. listening D. listening to ‎( ) 8. If you practice ________ English every morning, you will improve it quickly.‎ ‎ A. to read B. reading C. read D. be reading ‎( ) 9. At first they hated each other, but they ended up _____ on very well .‎ A. get B. got C. getting D. to get ‎( ) 10. The teacher asked Tom a difficult question in class.‎ ‎ A. answer B. answering C. to answer D. answered ‎ 【单项选择】 ‎ ‎( ) 1. Do you enjoy __________ on the Internet?‎ ‎ A. surfing B. surf C. to surf D. surfed ‎ ‎( ) 2. She said she had some trouble ___________ her homework.‎ ‎ A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finished ‎( ) 3. Do you find this book ____________?‎ ‎ A. frustrate B. frustrating C. frustrated D. frustration ‎( ) 4. Did you see them _______ basketball at this time yesterday? ‎ ‎ A. playing B. play C. to play D. are playing ‎( ) 5. Have you decided which coat_______?‎ ‎ A. choose B. choosing C. chosen D. to choose ‎ ‎( ) 6. I read very slowly. I can’t spell some English words, _____.‎ ‎ A. also B. either C. but D. too ‎【同义句转换】 ‎ ‎ 1. Why don't you learn English by making flashcard?‎ ‎ Why English by making flashcard?‎ ‎ 2. I find sleeping well important.‎ ‎ I find sleeping well important.‎ ‎ I find important well.‎ ‎ 3. During the trip, we met many foreign people.‎ ‎ During the trip, we met people foreign countries.‎ ‎ 4. I don't know how they deal with the situation.‎ ‎ I don't know they with the situation.‎ ‎ Unit 2: I used to be afraid of the dark ‎ 【语言点】‎ ‎1. I used to be afraid of the dark. 　　（1）used to表示过去的一种行为和习惯，它的后面用动词原形，否定句和疑问句用助动词did，也可 　　 　　以用used的本身,是较老的英国英语的用法。 　　 　　例如：My sister used to be short. 　　　 　　　　The shop didn't use to (usedn't to) open on Sundays. 这家商店过去星期日不营业。 　　（2）used to do something是表示“过去常常做某事”‎ be/get used to doing something 是表示“习惯于做某事”。 　　 　　例如：I used to go to school on foot. 我过去常常步行去上学。 　　　 　　　　You will be used to living there. 你会习惯住在那里的。　‎ ‎（3）afraid ‎3．But now I am more interested in sports. ‎ ‎（1）形容词比较级：interested是多音节的形容词，它的比较级是用more interested。 　　　　 例如：It is more difficult than your thought. 它比你想象的要困难多。‎ 可饰形容词的比较级的词有much，a little，even，still，a lot，far等修。 　 　例如：He is much younger than I.他比我年轻多了。‎ ‎（2）be interested in ‎ ‎ 4. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on. 我开着卧室的灯睡觉。 　　句中“with+名词+介词短语”结构表示伴随状态。表示一个动作伴随另一个动作同时发生或者进行。 　　例如：Don’t do your homework with the radio on. 不要开着收音机做你的作业。‎ She sat there alone with her eyes filled with tears．他独自一人坐在那儿，眼里充满了泪水。‎ ‎ 5. These days, I hardly ever have time for concerts. 这些日子，我几乎没有时间去音乐会了。　　 ‎ （1） hardly是表示否定意义“几乎不”，‎ 例如：It was difficult, so you can hardly finish it by yourself. 它很难，你自己不可能独自完成。‎ （2） hard ‎6. Before I started high school, I used to spend a lot of time playing games with my friends，… 　　在我上中学以前，我常常花费很多时间和朋友们一起玩游戏，……‎ spend “花费” ，spend＋时间/金钱＋on（in doing） 　　　　 例如：I spent two hundred Yuan on that new bike. 买那辆新自行车花费我200元。 　　　　　　 　He spent all the holiday reading the book. 他花整个假期都用来读这本书。‎ 表“花费”的单词还有：‎ ‎ 8. It will make you stressed out. 它会使你压力很大。 　　make作为使役动词表示“让、使”，make+宾语+宾补 如果是动词不定式充当宾语补足语，要用省略to的动词不定式。make sb. do sth. 　　例如：Working too much makes me tired. 太多的工作使我疲劳。 　　　　　My father makes me do my homework every day. 我的爸爸迫使我每天做家庭作业。‎ ‎ 9. His mother looked after him as well as she could.他的妈妈尽她所能来照顾他。‎ ‎（1）look after “照看、照顾”=take care of 　　　　 例如：Our teacher looks after the child very well. 我们的老师照顾这个孩子很好。‎ ‎ 　　（2）as well as “和……一样好”， as...as的中间用形容词/副词的原形。 　　　　 例如：Your ruler is as long as his. 你的尺子和他的一样长。‎ ‎ 也，不但…而且…‎ 例如：The girl is lively as well as healthy. 这女孩既健康又活泼。‎ My parents as well as my elder sister music.（enjoy）‎ ‎10. It seems that Yu Mei has changed a lot. 于梅似乎改变了许多。‎ ‎（1）seem系动词， “似乎好像，仿佛”，主语常用it。 　　　　 例如：It seems as if (that) it is going to rain. 天好像要下雨。 　　（2）seem的后面还可以用动词不定式、名词、现在分词、过去分词或者to be＋形容词作表语。 　　　　 例如：He seems to laugh at us. 他仿佛在嘲笑我们。‎ ‎11. She also told me even though my father was no longer with us, he was watching me, and would always take pride in everything good I do. 她还告诉我，虽然我的父亲不再和我们在一起了，但他还在注视着我，并且将为我做的每一件好事而感到自豪。 　　（1）no more (用在句中)=not…any more (用在句尾)侧重程度和数量 ‎ no longer (用在句中)=not…any longer (用在句尾) 指时间.‎ ‎ 如：He didn't cry any more. 他哭了好几次，他不再哭了。‎ ‎ I play tennis no more/ longer. =I don’t play tennis any more/longer. 我不再打网球。‎ ‎  He couldn't wait any longer.他等了很久，不能再等了。‎ ‎ If you always exaggerate(夸张), people will no longer believe you. ‎ ‎ You can drink no more. = You can't drink any more. ‎ ‎ 你不能再喝了。(喝酒的量到了一定程度，不能再继续下去了。)‎ ‎ He no longer lives here. = He doesn't live here any longer.‎ ‎ 他不在这儿居住了。(一个时间以前他住在这儿，过了这个时间，他就离开了。) ‎ ‎（‎ ‎ 【重点语法】反义疑问句 ‎ ‎1、反意疑问句前后两部分谓语应是：“肯定陈述＋否定疑问”或“否定陈述＋肯定疑问”。‎ ‎　　2、简略问句如果是否定式：not应与be，do，will等系动词、助动词、情态动词缩写。‎ ‎　　3、简略问句的主语不用名词，应用人称代词。‎ ‎4、陈述部分含“too...to”时，是否定句。‎ ‎ 用法：‎ ‎1) 陈述部分用 no, nothing, nobody, never, few, little, seldom, hardly等否定含义的词时，疑问部分用肯定含义。如： The old man made no answer, did he?　 Jim is never late for school, is he?‎ ‎2) 陈述部分有情态动词 ‎（1）有have to +v. (had to + v.)，疑问部分常用don't +主语（didn't +主语）。‎ ‎　　 We have to get there at eight tomorrow, don't we?‎ ‎　　 （2）有used to 时，疑问部分用didn't +主语或 usedn't +主语。‎ ‎　　 He used to take pictures there, didn't he? / usedn't he?‎ ‎　　 （3）有had better（最好） + v. 疑问句部分用hadn't you?‎ ‎　　 You'd better read it by yourself, hadn't you?‎ ‎3) think/believe等引导的宾语从句：‎ A.主语是第一人称：‎ ‎　　 I don't think he is bright, is he?‎ ‎　　 We believe she can do it better, can't she?‎ ‎　　 B. 如果主语不是第一人称则疑问部分与主句相对应构成反意疑问句 ‎　　 He thought they were wrong, didn't he? （不能说weren't they?）‎ ‎4) 祈使句的反意疑问句，疑问部分用will you。‎ ‎　　 Don't do that again, will you?‎ ‎　　 Go with me, will you / won't you?‎ ‎ Let us wait for you in the reading-room, will you （或won't you）?‎ 注意：Let's 开头的祈使句，后用shall we（或用shan't we) ?‎ ‎　　 Let's go and listen to the music, shall we（或用shan't we)?　　 ‎ ‎　5) 陈述部分是"there be"结构的，疑问部分用there。‎ ‎　　 There is something wrong with your watch, isn't there?‎ ‎　　 There will not be any trouble, will there?‎ ‎6) 否定前缀不能视为否定词，其反意疑问句仍用否定形式。‎ ‎　　 It is impossible, isn't it? 　 　He is not unkind to his classmates, is he? ‎ ‎（ ）1. I think your shirt is _______ than your sister’s. 　 　A. big 　　　B. more big　　　 C. beautiful　　 D. more beautiful （ ）2. I _____ be short. But now I am taller. 　　 A. didn’t used 　　　B. used to 　　　C. use to 　　　D. am used to （ ）3.Don’t be late for school next time, ______? 　　 A. shall we 　　　B. do you 　　　C. will you 　　　D. don’t you （ ）4. Our teacher came into the classroom _____ a book in his hand. 　　A. with　 　　B. in 　　　C. up 　　　D. on ‎ ‎（ ）5.They can hardly do their homework, _____? 　　 A. do they　　　 B. don’t they　　　C. can they 　　　D. can’t they （ ）6.We often spend two hours ______ our homework every day. 　　A. do　　　　B．doing　　　C. did　　　 D. to do ‎（ ）7.Great changes ________ in China in the past few years. 　　 A. took place 　　　B. have taken place 　　　C. happen 　　　D. take place （ ）8.What you said just now made me ______ angry. 　　 A. feeling 　　　B. to feel　　　 C. feel　　　 D. are （ ）9.I think English is as _____ as math. 　　A. important　 　B. more important 　　C. more interesting　 　D. most important （ ）10.Your bike is _______ than mine. 　　A. much more beautiful 　　B. much beautiful　　 C. very more beautiful　　 D. beautiful （ ）11.The boy seems _______ lying. 　　A. is　　　 B. was 　　C. be 　　　D. to be （ ）12.Can you help me _______ the work? 　　A. finish 　　　B. finishing 　　　C. doing　　　 D. did （ ）13.Is there ______ in today’s newspaper? 　　A. something new 　　　B. anything new　 　C. new something 　　　D. new anything 　　　　　‎ 课后练习 Ⅰ.单项选择 ‎( )1. Mario is afraid of      alone. ‎ ‎ A. be    B. being    C. is    D. /‎ ‎( )2. You used to be outgoing,          ? ‎ ‎ A. do you    B. don’t you    C. didn’t you    D. did you ‎( )3. I haven’t        him for a long time.‎ ‎ A. see    B. saw     C. seen    D. seeing ‎( )4. I used to have short hair, but now I have        hair.‎ ‎ A. curly    B. long    C. straight    D. brown ‎( )5.--- You used to be short,        you ?‎ ‎ ----Yes , I         .‎ ‎ A. didn’t, did    B. usedn’t, used    C. didn’t, used    D. usedn’t, did ‎( )6. Playing basketball is very     , so I’m more      in it.‎ ‎ A. interesting, interesting    B. interested, interesting    C. interesting, interested     D. interested, interested ‎( )7. ----Who do you often swim      ?‎ ‎       ----I swim with my classmates, because I am      the swim team.‎ ‎ A. /, on    B. with, on    C. with, in    D. with, of ‎( )8. The glass is broken, Try to       who did it. ‎ ‎ A. find out     B. look     C. see    D. found ‎( )9. My life has changed       in the last few years. ‎ ‎ A. a lot of    B. lots of    C. a lot    D. a lots of ‎( )10. He’s always busy. And he      working late until night.‎ ‎ A. gets used to    B. used to    C. got used to    D. is used for ‎( )11. The light in his room was       , but nobody was      .‎ ‎ A. in, in    B. on, on    C. in, on    D. on, in ‎( )12. My problem is     I’m so busy. ‎ ‎ A. that    B. what    C. how    D . /‎ ‎( )13. You can find out the answer to it only in the      way.‎ ‎ A. rightly    B. right    C. wrong     D. true ‎( )14. I used to       a lot of time       games with my friends.‎ ‎ A. take, to play    B. cost, playing    C. spent, on    D. spend, playing ‎( )15. His father makes a living       driving a taxi. ‎ ‎ A. by    B. with    C. for     D. through ‎ 单项填空 BCCBA   CBACA   DABDA ‎ ‎ ‎ Unit 3: Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.‎ ‎【语言点】‎ ‎ 1. Teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.应该允许青少年选择自己的衣服。‎ ‎ allow 允许 allow + n. 允许某事 如：We can't allow such a thing. 我们不允许这样的事（发生）‎ allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事（主动语态）‎ ‎　 如：Mother allows me to watch TV every night. 妈妈允许我每晚看电视。‎ ‎ allow doing sth. 允许做某事 ‎ 如：They don't allow smoking here.‎ ‎ be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动语态）‎ ‎ 如：LiLy is allowed to go to Qingdao. 莉莉被允许去青岛。‎ ‎2. I don’t think sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to drive.‎ 宾语从句中否定转移： 若宾语从句跟在think, believe等表示“想，认为"的动词之后，‎ 而主语为第一人称时，句子的否定体现在主句上。 ‎ ‎ 常用词有：suppose(猜想), guess（猜、猜测）, imagine（想象）, expect（期待）‎ 如： I don't think he is right. 我认为他不对 ‎ I don't think it's a good idea.我认为那不是一个好主意。 ‎ 3. Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their ears pierced.16岁的青少年应该被允许打耳洞。‎ 4. V. + 宾语+ 宾补 get/have + 宾语 + 过去分词 请或让某人做某事 ‎ 如：I get my car repaired. == I have my car repaired. 我让别人修好我的车 ‎ I want to have my hair cut. 我要理发.‎ ‎ I usually get my hair cut once a month.我通常一个月理一次发。‎ ‎ keep sb/ sth. ＋形容词　使某人/某物保持….　‎ ‎ 如：We should keep our city clean. 我们应该保持我们的城市干净。‎ Don’t keep me waiting for a long time.别让我等得太久 4. They aren’t serious enough.他们不够严肃。‎ 5. enough 足够　　形容词＋enough 如：beautiful enough　足够漂亮 She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。‎ ‎ enough＋名词　如：enough food 足够食物 ‎ I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足够的钱去北京。 ‎ enough to do sth.　足够…去做…　‎ 如： She is old enough to go to school.她够大去读书了。 ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5. He should stop wearing that silly earring.他应该停止戴那个愚蠢的耳环。‎ ‎ stop 停止、阻止 stop doing sth. 停止做某事　如：Please stop speaking.请停止说话。‎ stop to do sth. 停止下来去做某事 如：Please stop to speak. 请停下来说话。‎ can’t stop doing sth. 忍不住做某事 如：I can’t stop laughing when I heard it.听到那件事，我忍不住大笑起来。‎ ‎6. Sb. seems to do sth. = It seems that +从句 看起来好像…‎ ‎ He seems to feel very sad. = It seems that he feels very sad. 他看起来好像很伤心。‎ ‎ He doesn’t seem to have many friends. =It seems that he doesn’t have many friends.‎ ‎ =He seems not to have many friends.‎ ‎7. 程度副词：always总是 usually经常 sometimes有时 never从不 ‎ 如：I am always/usually/sometimes/never late for school. 我总是/经常/有时/从不上学迟到。‎ ‎9. go doing go shopping(去购物) go fishing(去钓鱼) go swimming(去游泳), ‎ go boating(去划船) go hiking(去登山) go trekking(去徒步)‎ ‎10. care ‎ take care 留神，小心=be careful，保重 Take care not to drop it.当心别把它掉了。‎ ‎ take care of 照顾，照料=look after 如： I took care of my sister well.‎ ‎ care about 关心，在乎 如：That girl never cares about others.‎ ‎ care for 喜欢，照顾，为……操心 如：You should care for your sick mother.‎ ‎11. 对… 热衷， 对…兴趣 be serious about doing 如：She is serious about dancing. 她对跳舞热衷。‎ ‎ sth. 如：She is serious about him. 她对他感兴趣。‎ ‎12. sleep n./v. 睡觉 I sleep for 7 hours every day.‎ ‎ asleep adj. 睡着的，睡熟的 表状态 不能在名词之前 She is asleep in the bed.‎ ‎ sleepy adj. 想睡觉的，困乏的 I'm sleepy, I want to go to bed.‎ ‎ sleeping adj. 睡着的，正在睡觉的 在名词之前 This is a sleeping dog.‎ ‎13. agree to + 建议、计划、安排等名词 ‎ agree with + 人、表示意见的词 ‎ agree on + 具体协议的文件、行动等名词 agree to do 同意做某事 ‎14. have +时间段+off 放假，休息 如：have 2 days off off 不工作,不上班,不上学,不值班.‎ 例: I think I’ll take the afternoon off. 我想下午歇班. She is off today. 她今天休息.‎ ‎ I have three days off next week. 下周我有三天假.‎ ‎ They haven’t had a day off since last week. 从上周来,他们没休息过一天.‎ ‎【重点语法】 ‎ ‎ 2. 倒装句 由so＋助动词(be/do/will/have)/情态动词＋主语　意为：…也是一样 ‎ Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为否定) 表示与前面所述事实一致.‎ ‎　　She is a student. So am I.　她是一个学生，我也是。‎ ‎ She went to school just now. So did I. 她刚才去学校了，我也是。‎ ‎ She has finished the work. So have I. 她已经完成了工作，我也完成了。‎ She will go to school. So will he.　她将去学校，他也是。‎ Tom can’t swim. Neither can John.‎ ‎8. ---We have a lot of rules at my house. 在家里我们有许多规定。‎ ‎---So do we. 我们也是。（倒装句）‎ so + be/ 助动词 / 情态动词 + 主语 表示前面所叙述的肯定情况也适合于后者，所叙述的不是同一人或物。‎ ‎ “……也是如此”‎ neither（nor）+ be/ 助动词/情态动词 + 主语 表示前面所叙述的否定情况也适合于后者，所叙述的不是同一人或物。‎ ‎“……也不”‎ ‎ 如：Tom has been to Beijing. So have I.‎ ‎ --- He speaks English well.‎ ‎ --- So he does. / --- So do you. ‎ ‎ He can’t swim. Neither/ Nor can I.‎ ‎ 【单项选择】 (    ) 1.—Jim enjoys listening to pop music.    —            . A. So does Helen.              B. Also is Helen       C. Helen likes also             D. So Helen does (    ) 2. Our English teacher is very strict _______ us and he is strict _________his teaching.      A. with, at           B. with, with         C. at, at       D. with, in (    ) 3. —What’s the matter?     —They said I should not be allowed    here. They don’t allow __in the waiting room. A. smoking, to smoke           B. to smoke, smoke     C. to smoke, smoking           D. smoking, smoking (    ) 4. He doesn’t do his homework ______________, though he has ______________. A. carefully enough, enough time            B. enough carelessly, time enough C. carelessly enough, enough time            D. enough carefully，enough time (    ) 5. The little child was too _____________ to hear the end of the long speech.      A. sleepy            B. asleep            C. sleep             D. sleeping (    ) 6. Everyone ____________to have at least eight__________sleep at night.      A. needs, hour’s     B. need, hours’     C. needed, hour’s    D. needs, hours’ (    ) 7. We should go to school at 8:00 ______________ school mornings.      A. at               B. in                 C. on              D. of (    ) 8. Something is wrong with my PDA.I will get it ___________ .      A. repair            B. repairing           C. to repair          D. repaired (    ) 9. ——Excuse me, you are _________ of my passing through.    ——I’m sorry, here you go. A. on the way                B. in the way           C. out the way           D. off the way (    ) 10. Jill didn’t finish the homework,_________.      A. either                           B. too             C. also                       D. neither ‎ ‎ (    ) 11. You must concentrate more _________ your English. A. to                                B. in                           C. on                          D. at ‎ (    ) 12. That is a good way to keep _________ teachers and students happy.       A. either                         B. none                       C. all                           D. both (    ) 13. Don’t get_________ when you study in groups. A. noise                           B. noises                     C. noisy                      D. noising (    ) 14. We should learn _________ each other.       A. to                               B. from                       C. for                          D. of (    ) 15. The children often take time to do things like_________. ‎ ‎   A. volunteer             B. to volunteer            C. volunteers              D. volunteering ‎【用所给词适当形式填空】‎ ‎ 1. People are not ( allow) to smoke in some public places.‎ ‎ 2. My parents didn’t use to allow (watch) TV on weekdays. ‎ But I was (watch) TV on Sundays.‎ ‎ 3. Our TV doesn’t work at all. I am going to get it (repair).‎ ‎ 4. When did you get your hair (cut).‎ ‎ 5. He got me (help) him.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【句型转换】‎ ‎ 1. Teenagers should be allowed to wear that earring.(否定句)‎ Teenagers to wear that earring.‎ ‎ 2. He should allow you to make your own decision. (被动语态)‎ You should to make your own decision.‎ ‎1—5. ADCAA    6—10. DCDBA    11—15. CDCBD Unit 4‎ ‎【语言点】 ‎ ‎1、The old man had a million dollars……这老人有一百万美元……‎ million，thousand，hundred 用法 ‎ 不能用复数：与数字连用three hundred，several thousand……‎ 必须用复数：hundreds of、thousands of、mi11ions of中 ‎2、He doesn’t know if he should bring a present.他不知道他是否应该带件礼物。‎ A. take 拿走 如: The chair is in the way. Take it to the classroom.‎ bring 带来 如: Don’t forget to bring your homework next time.‎ fetch 去取来 如: I'll fetch you a quilt and a overcoat.‎ ‎ 如果 引导条件状语从句。如果主句是一般将来时、祈使句或含有情态动词，则从句用一般现在时。如: I’ll come here if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.‎ B. if If you work harder, you’ll pass the exam.‎ 是否 =whether, 引导宾语从句。‎ ‎ 如: She asked me if/whether she could come in.‎ ‎3、What if I don’t know anyone? 如果我不认识任何人怎么办？‎ What if ……  如果……该（将会）怎么样？（引导条件状语从句、疑问句）‎ 如: What if she doesn’t come?  她要是不来怎么办？‎ ‎    What if your parents don’t agree? 如果你的父母不同意怎么办？‎ What if you should fall sick? 如果你生病了怎么办？‎ ‎ What about…… …… 怎么样?‎ 如: What about speaking English in class?‎ ‎4、Confident people aren’t afraid to speak in public.‎ ‎ confident 自信的 be confident +that从句 有信心…….‎ ‎ be confident to do sth. 有信心做某事 ‎ be confident of 对……有信心 ‎ have confidence in对……有信心 ‎ 【练习】‎ ‎（ ）1. Every year people come to our city to take a vacation.‎ ‎ A. thousand B. thousand of C. thousands of D. two thousand of ‎( ) 2. What if you a tiger in the forest?‎ ‎ A. meet B. met C. have met D. would meet ‎3. 大约有200人参加了这次运动会。‎ ‎ About people the sports.‎ ‎4. I want to know if Lily (take) a vacation in Tibet next month. If she (go), I will go, too.‎ ‎5. 用take 或bring 的适当形式填空。‎ ‎ （1）Take this empty box away and me a full one.‎ ‎ (2 ) The No.2 bus will you there.‎ ‎6. 用 confident 的适当形式填空。‎ ‎ （1）He is quite of victory(胜利).‎ ‎ (2 ) This time they have no in themselves.‎ ‎5、What are you like？你是什么样的人？‎ What does he look like?‎ 他长得怎么样？（询问某人的外表）‎ What is he like?‎ 他这人怎么样？（询问人的品质、性格等内在的东西）‎ What does he like?‎ 他喜欢什么？（询问爱好）‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ -‎ ‎7、You would also rather stay at home and read a good book than go to a party.‎ would rather do…than do… 宁愿做…而不愿做…‎ prefer to do …rather than do…/prefer doing to doing 如：1) He would rather jog than play football.=He prefers jogging to playing football. ‎ ‎2)今天我宁愿呆在家里也不愿去看电影。I would rather stay at home than go to the movies today.‎ ‎ =‎ ‎8、Your friends would probably say that you are easy to get along with.‎ ‎ get along with sb./sth.… （与某人）相处、（某事）进展、进行 ‎ 如：他们彼此相处得很好。They get along well with each other.‎ ‎ 你的工作进展得怎么样？How are you getting along with your English study?‎ ‎ get on with: We should get along/on well with our neighbours.‎ ‎ I’m getting along/on very well with my classmates.‎ ‎【练习】‎ ‎ 1. ---What is your father like?‎ ‎--- ‎ A. He is tall B. He is outgoing and helpful. C. He likes rice. D. He has short curly hair.‎ ‎ 2. --- What does Tom ?‎ ‎--- He is medium build.‎ A. like B. look like C. be like D. likes ‎ 3. Jim is kind and he can everyone.‎ A. get along B. get along with C. get on D. get on away ‎ 4. 用 all 或 whole来填空。‎ ‎（1）Tom jumped and sang the afternoon so she felt very tired.‎ ‎（2） my friends have been there except Tom.‎ ‎ 5. 同义句转换 ‎ （1）He gets on well with us.‎ ‎ He us.‎ ‎ （2）I’d rather walk there than go by bus.‎ ‎ I there rather than go by bus.‎ ‎9、I can’t think of any good advice to give her…… 我给他提不出任何好的意见。‎ advice 不可数名词 建议、忠告、劝告、意见 可用some, any, much, a little, a piece of等修饰 如：He gave me two pieces of advice.他给我提出了两条建议。‎ ‎ I took my father’s advice and went to the station early.‎ 和advice 有关的短语 ‎ accept one’s advice 接受某人的意见，听从某人的劝告 ‎ ask for advice 征求意见 ‎ follow one’s advice 遵从某人的嘱咐 ‎ give advice 提出意见/劝告 ‎12、 ①give sb sth=give sth to sb类似的词还有:lend、show、write、send等offer ‎②buy sb sth=buy sth for sb类似的词还有:make、draw、cook等 ‎ If I were you, I’d talk to someone who looks friendly. 如果我是你，我会和看起来很友好的人交谈。‎ ‎1. 虚拟条件句 虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： ‎ 一、与现在事实相反 ‎ 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If If + 主语 + 过去时（be动词一般用were）‎ 主语+ should/would/ could/ might +动词原形 If he had the time, John would make a trip to China to see the Great Wall.‎ If I were you, I would give up drinking immediately. ‎ 二.与将来事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If If + 主语 + should/would/were to+动词原形 主语+ should/would/ could/ might +动词原形 If you should lose, what would you do?‎ If I were to see her tomorrow, I would tell her the truth.‎ 三、与过去事实相反 连接词 条件从句 结果从句 If If +主语+过去完成时（had+过去分词）‎ 主语+should/would/could/might+ have+过去分词 If I’d known that it was going to rain, I would never have gone for a walk in the country.‎ ‎2. 初涉定语从句 ‎ 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行词。‎ I’d talk to someone who looks friendly. 句中someone 是先行词，关系代词who 引导定语从句。who looks friendly修饰someone,翻译时把它拿到someone前面：看起来很友好的人。‎ l 引导定语从句的词有关系代词that, which, who作主语(宾格whom做宾语, 所有格whose作定语)‎ 如：(1) 由who，whom，whose引导定语从句 This is the doctor who saved my life.‎ The man whom we want to visit is an actor.‎ The boy whose father is a police came from Sichuan.‎ ‎ （2）由that, which,引导定语从句：which 只能指物，that既可指人，又可指物（指物时可与which替换）‎ ‎ This is the book that/which tells about computer.‎ ‎ The people that/who come to visit the city are all here.‎ ‎ Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? ‎ ‎【练习】‎ ‎ 1. 我的老师给了我一些关于英语学习的建议。‎ ‎ My teacher gave me English study.‎ ‎ 2. 这条建议非常有用。‎ This is very useful.‎ ‎ 3. 他的新书什么时候出版？‎ When his new book ?‎ ‎ 4. 照片一冲洗出来我就给你看。‎ I will show the photos you as soon as they .‎ ‎ 5. 那个女孩拒绝和她交谈。‎ The girl with him.‎ 一、 练习 ‎( ) 1 What would you do if you the lottery?‎ A. win B. won C. are going to win D. have won ‎( ) 2. The boys ___ that hotel several times .‎ A. have got B. have arrived C. have been to D. come to ‎( ) 3. Not too long ago, people couldn’t go scuba diving on Hainan Island, or ___‎ A. anywhere else B. else anywhere C. anywhere other D. other anywhere ‎( ) 4. If he tomorrow, please tell me.‎ A. come B. comes C. will come D. came ‎( ) 5. ---____ do you think is the fastest way to travel? ‎ ‎ --- By plane.‎ A. How B. What C. Why D. When ‎( ) 6. The plane will take _____ at 7:00.‎ A. up B. on C. off D. away ‎( ) 7. I’m afraid of _____ at home alone.‎ A. staying B. be C. to stay D. live ‎( ) 8. There’s 8-year-old boy in the car. boy is my sister.‎ A. a , the B. the , the C. an , the D. a , a ‎( ) 9. If I you, I a big house.‎ A. was, would buy B. were, would like to buy C. were, would buy D. was, bough ‎ ‎( ) 10 1s it always easier ______ friends than to keep them?‎ A. making B. made C. make D. to make ‎( ) 11.The film ______ for 5 minutes.‎ A. has begun B. has started C. has been on D. began ‎( ) 12.Let’s see ___we can find some information about the city.‎ A. that B. if C. what D. which ‎( ) 13. Do you know ___on the island?‎ A. where can we stay B. where can we stay at C. where we can stay D. can we stay where ‎( ) 14. I can’t see an email. Would you please show me it?‎ A. doing B. to do C. what to do D. how to do ‎1-5 BCABB 6-10 CACCD 11-15 CBCDA Unit 5 ‎ C. 重点语法 情态动词表示推测的用法：‎ ‎　　1.在肯定句中。在肯定句中使用情态动词must, can, could, may/might，它们表示肯定的程度逐渐减。‎ ‎　　must表示十分Unit 5‎ 肯定的推测，是把握性很大的推测，它的意思是“一定、准是”。‎ ‎　　例如：－I have had nothing to eat for nearly 48 hours.－You must be hungry.我已经48小时没有吃东西了。那你一定是很饿。‎ ‎　　may表示对现在把握不大的推测，它的意思是“也许、可能”。‎ ‎　　例如：The tall man may be your father, but I am not sure.那个高个子的男人可能是你的爸爸，我也不太确定。‎ ‎　　could/ might也表示推测，经常用在一般过去时中，有时候可以用could/might 代替can/may表示说话人的语气更加缓和和委婉。‎ ‎　　例如：We saw something strange in the sky last night. It could/might be a UFO.我们昨天看见天空中有奇怪的东西，它可能是不明飞行物。‎ ‎　　can用在肯定句中表示理论上的可能性。‎ ‎　　例如：Smoking can cause cancer.吸烟可能引起癌症。‎ ‎　　2.在否定句中。‎ ‎　　在否定句中使用can’t/couldn’t和may not/might not表示否定的推测。‎ ‎　　can’t/couldn’t的语气最强，是最有把握的否定，它的意思是“不可能”。‎ ‎　　例如：The red bike can’t be your mother’s. She doesn’t like that color.那辆红色的自行车不可能是你妈妈的，她不喜欢那种颜色。‎ ‎　　may not/might not表示说话人的语气不很肯定，表示不太有把握的否定推测。意思是“可能不、也许不”。例如：Your mother may not be there today. 你妈妈今天可能不在那里。‎ ‎　　3.在疑问句中。在疑问句中一般只用“can和could”表示推测。‎ ‎　　　例如：Who is knocking at the door? Can it be your mother? 谁在敲门？会不会是你妈妈？‎ ‎　　4.表示推测时候，它的反意疑问句的用法：‎ ‎　　对现在的事实或者情况表示推测，反意疑问句的动词用一般现在时。‎ ‎　　例如：They must be studying in the room , aren’t they?他们一定是在房间里学习，是吗？‎ ‎　　如果must的后面不是be而是其他的动词，它的反意疑问句用mustn’t＋主语。‎ ‎　　例如：Your father must repair his car, mustn’t he?‎ ‎　　如果对过去发生的事情进行推测，如果有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问句的动词用过去式；如果没有表示过去的时间状语，反意疑问句的动词用完成式。‎ ‎　　例如：You must have been to the Great Wall, haven’t you?你一定去过长城，是吗？‎ ‎　　　　　It must have rained last night, didn’t it? 昨天晚上一定下雨了，对吗？‎ 巧学法园地 情态动词用法歌诀 情态动词两要点， 动词原形跟后面， 说话语气较委婉。 ‎ can表“能力”，may“许可”， must“责任”或“义务”，否定回答needn’t换。“需要”need,dare“敢”， ‎ should“应该”would“愿”， have to“被迫”表客观。‎ ‎　　Ⅲ. 根据句意，用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎　　1. Look! These young men are the ______ (author) of the movie.‎ ‎2. You can’t ______ (possible) get to the top of the mountain without your father’s help.‎ ‎　　3. All of us passed that big exam ______(final). So our teachers are very pleased with us.‎ ‎　　4. Look! That black car must _____ (belong ) your father.‎ ‎　　5. Tom was badly hurt when he _______ (drop) on the ground from the tall tree.‎ ‎　　6. More and more students are very _______ (anxiously) about their work.‎ ‎　　7. You must make the _______ (finally) decision who will go there with me.‎ ‎　　8. Don’t be ________ (worry) about your son. He isn’t a child any more.‎ ‎9. I have enough confidence in _______ (make/making) my father change his mind.‎ Ⅱ. 选择填空 ‎　　1.-Open the door! Someone is knocking at it.-It __ Mr. Zhang. He said he would come to see me.‎ A. might be　　　 B. maybe　　 C. must be　　 D. may be　　 　　　‎ ‎　　2.-It nearly took me an hour to get to school on foot.-Have a rest. You _____ be tired.‎ ‎　　A. can　　　　　 B. must　　　 C. need　　　 D. should　　　　　‎ ‎　　3.－Must I hand in my composition today?－NO, you ____ . You can give it to me tomorrow.‎ A. needn’t　　　　 B. mustn’t　　 C. can’t　　　 D. won’t　　‎ ‎　　4.－What is mum cooking in the kitchen?－Fish, I guess, How nice it ______ !‎ ‎　　A. smells　　　　 B. tastes　　　 C. sounds　　 D. looks　　　　‎ ‎　　5.－Where is Xiao Ling?－She _____ in her bedroom, but I am not sure.‎ A. must be　　　　 B. can’t be 　　C. maybe　　 D. may be　　　　　 　　‎