初三总复习新目标英语七上册重点短语句型 12页

七年级上册英语重点、难点知识总结：‎ ‎（Starter）Unit 1. ‎ ‎1. Good morning / afternoon / evening. 早上好/ 下午好 / 晚上好。‎ ‎ 2. How are you! 你好吗？ / How is your mother? 你的妈妈好吗？‎ I’m fine / OK, thanks. 我很好，谢谢！/ She is fine. 她身体好。 And you? 你呢？（你好吗？）‎ ‎（Starter）Unit 2. ‎ ‎ 1. What’s this in English? 这个用英语怎么说？ What’s this? 这个是什么？‎ ‎ It’s a map / an orange. 它是一张地图 / 它是一个桔子。‎ ‎ 2. Spell it, please. 请拼写它。 How do you spell it? 你怎样拼写它？‎ ‎（Starter）Unit 3. ‎ ‎ 1. What color is it? 它是什么颜色？ What color is your pen? 你的钢笔是什么颜色？‎ ‎ 2. It’s red / blue / black and white. 它是红色 / 蓝色 / 黑白色。‎ Unit 1. ‎ ‎ 1. What’s your name? 你叫什么名字？ What’s her / his name? 她 / 他叫什么名字？‎ ‎2. What’s your first name你的名是什么？ ‎ What’s your last / family name? 你姓什么？(last name = family name)‎ ‎3. I’m Mary. = My name is Mary. 我叫玛丽。 She is Mary. = Her name is Mary. 她叫玛丽。‎ ‎4. Nice to meet you! 见到你真高兴。 Nice to meet you too. 见到你也很高兴。‎ ‎5. What’s your telephone number? 你的电话号码是什么？（对电话号码提问用what）‎ Unit 2.‎ ‎ 1. Excuse me. 打扰了。 Is this / that your pencil? 这个 / 那个是你的铅笔吗？‎ ‎ Yes, it is. / No, it isn’t. 是的，它是。/ 不，不是。( 回答时常用it替代上文中的this和that )‎ ‎ 2. This / That is my ruler. 这个 / 那个是我的尺子。‎ ‎ 3. Please call Mary at 495-3539. 请给Mary 打电话:495-3539. （call sb at + 电话号码）‎ Please call Mary. 请给Mary 打电话。 Please call 495-3539. 请拨打495-3539. ‎ ‎ 4. 本单元短语： call sb at + 电话号码（at译为“按照”，此短语意思是“按照某个电话号码给某人打电话） pencil case文具盒 computer game电脑游戏 lost and found失物招领 lost and found case 失物招领箱 Unit 3. ‎ ‎ 1. This / That is my sister. 这位 / 那位是我的姐姐。 此句的复数形式是：‎ ‎ These / Those are my sisters. 这些 / 那些是我的姐姐们。 （this/ that的复数分别是these / those）‎ ‎ 2. It is a watch. 复数形式是：They are some watches. (he / she / it 复数都是they，和this/that的复数不同)‎ ‎ 3. Is he / Guo Peng your brother? 他 / 郭鹏是你的哥哥吗？‎ Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. 是的，他是。 / 不，他不是。‎ ‎ 4. Thanks for the photo of your family. 感谢你寄来你的家庭照（全家福）。‎ 句中thanks = thank you, 另外the photo of your family = your family photo ‎ 5. Here is my family photo. 这儿是我的家庭照。 Here are some books. 这儿有一些书。‎ There is a picture and three pencils on the desk. 桌子上有一幅画和三支铅笔。‎ There are many photos in the drawer. 抽屉里有许多照片。‎ ‎（here / there 后的be动词单复数形式要以紧随其后的名词单复数来定）‎ Unit 4. ‎ ‎ 1. Where is my backpack? 我的背包在哪儿？ Where are the books? 那些书在哪儿？‎ ‎ 2. It’s / They’re in the drawer / under the bed / on the bookcase.‎ 它 / 它们在抽屉里 / 床底下 / 书柜上。 (注意主语和be动词照应)‎ ‎ 3. Is it / Is the book / Are they on the bed / in the backpack / under the desk?‎ 它 / 这本书 / 它们在床上 / 背包里 / 桌子下吗？‎ ‎ 4. Can you bring some things to school? 你能带些东西去学校吗？‎ ‎ some一般用在肯定的陈述句中，any用在否定句（“任何”）或疑问句（“‎ 12‎ 某些，一些”）中。但如果表示期待对方肯定的回答或表请求和建议，疑问句中常用some。如上句。‎ ‎ 5. take …to … 把…带到… Please take your sister to school. 请把你的妹妹带到学校。‎ ‎ bring 表从另一处带到这儿。take 表从这儿带到另一处。方向正好相反。‎ Unit 5.‎ ‎ 1. Do you have a soccer ball? 你有一个足球吗？ Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. ‎ ‎ Does she have a tennis racket? 她有一个网球拍吗？ Yes, she does. / No, she doesn’t.‎ ‎ （谓语是实义动词的时候，疑问句形式：do / does 提前到主语前，主语后面的动词用原形）‎ ‎ 2. I don’t have a soccer ball. 我没有一个足球。 She doesn’t have a volleyball. 她没有排球。‎ ‎（谓语是实义动词的时候，否定形式：do /does +not + 动词原形）‎ ‎ 3. Let me / him / us play soccer. 让我 / 他 / 我们踢足球吧。(let后面的动词用原形)‎ ‎ 4. That sounds good / great / interesting / boring.那听起来不错 /好极了 /有趣 /无聊。（that指代上文之事）‎ ‎ 5. I / We / They / You / The kids have 8 baseballs. 我 / 我们 / 他们 / 孩子们有8个棒球。‎ ‎ She / He / My brother / The boy has 8 baseballs. 她 /他 /我哥哥 /那个男孩有8个棒球。‎ ‎（注意以上各句主语和谓语的照应：主语是单三，谓语也用单三；主语不是单三，谓语也不用单三。）‎ ‎ 6. 本单元短语：tennis racket网球拍 ping-pong bat乒乓球拍 ping-pong / soccer / tennis ball 乒乓球/ 足球/ 网球（指物品）‎ play tennis /basketball /baseball /ping-pong /volleyball /soccer /football “打…，踢…”(指运动)‎ play computer games 打电脑游戏 on TV在电视上（通过电视） every day每天 ‎ Unit 6.‎ ‎ 1. Do you like bananas / hamburgers / salad…? 你喜欢香蕉 / 汉堡包 / 沙拉……吗？‎ Yes, I do. / No, I don’t. 是的，我喜欢。/ 不，我不喜欢。‎ ‎ 2. like doing sth. = like to do sth. 喜欢做某事. 如：She likes helping / to help students. 她喜欢帮学生。‎ ‎ 3. 短语：for breakfast / lunch / dinner / dessert 对早餐/ 午餐/ 晚餐/ 甜食来说 running star 跑步明星 ‎ lots of = a lot of ( 后既可接可数名词复数，又可接不可数名词) healthy food 健康食品 Unit 7.‎ ‎ 1. How much are these pants? =What’s the price of these pants? 这条裤子多少钱？‎ They’re twenty dollars. 这条裤子20美元。‎ How much is this sweater? =What’s the price of this sweater? 这件毛衣多少钱？ It’s 60 yuan. 它60元。‎ ‎ 2. How much加不可数名词，how many 加可数名词复数。如：how much food, how many students ‎ 3. Can I help you? 我能帮你吗？ What can I do for you? 我能为你做什么？‎ ‎ 4. Yes, please. 是的，请吧。 No, thanks. 不了，谢谢。‎ ‎ 5. I want a sweater. 我想要件毛衣。‎ ‎ 6. What color do you want? 你想要什么颜色？‎ ‎ 7. Here you are. =Here it is给你（这件毛衣 / 钱等）。‎ ‎ 8. How much is it? / How much are they? 多少钱？‎ ‎ 9. I’ll take it. = I’ll get it. = I’ll have it. 我买下它了。‎ ‎ 10. Thank you. / Thanks a lot. 多谢。 You’re welcome. =That’s all right.别客气。‎ ‎ 11. Come and buy … = Come to buy …. Go and see … = Go to see…‎ ‎ 12. Anybody can afford our prices. 任何人都能承担得起我们的价钱。‎ ‎ 13. 短语：at a good price 以合理的价格 have a look (at…)“看一看(…)”=look (at …)‎ for girs / boys / sports. 对姑娘 / 男孩 / 运动来说 ‎ 12‎ sell … to… 把…卖给… buy … from… 从… 买… on sale在出售 Unit 8.‎ ‎ 1. When is your / her / his birthday? 你的 / 她的 / 他的 生日是什么时候？‎ ‎ My / Her / His birthday is May 14th. 我的 / 她的 / 他的生日是‎5月14日。（此处无on）‎ ‎ 2. How old are you? = What’s your age? 你多大了? I’m 8. / I’m 8 years old. 我8岁了。‎ ‎ 3. Monday is the second day of the week. 周一是一星期中的第二天。（序数词前常有the）‎ ‎ It’s my eighth birthday. (序数词eighth前已有限定词my, 故不再加the.)‎ ‎ 4. 短语：birthday party生日聚会 English speech contest 英语演讲比赛 music festival 音乐节 school day校庆日 school trip学校组织的旅行 volleyball game排球比赛 Unit 9.‎ ‎ 1. Do you / Does she want to go to a movie? 你想 / 她想看电影吗？‎ ‎ 2. What kind of movies do you like? 你喜欢什么种类的电影？‎ ‎ 3. June really likes action movies. 琼真的喜欢动作片。（really可修饰动词，但very不能。）‎ ‎ 4. Mike is English. 迈克是英国人。（注意English前无冠词an.）‎ ‎ 5. I often go to movies with my friends. 我常和朋友一起看电影。(with，“用；和…一起”)‎ ‎ 6. 短语：learn about…学习有关…的知识 Chinese history中国历史 on weekends. 在周末 action movies 动作片 go to a movie去看电影 want to do sth. 想要做某事 ‎ 7. 语法：并列连词and和or. 都译为“和”，or常用于否定句。and常用于肯定句。‎ He likes P.E. and art.他喜欢体育和美术。=He likes P.E. and he likes art. ‎ He doesn’t like P.E. or art. =He doesn’t like P.E. and he doesn’t like art. ‎ ‎(or只用于连接否定句中的短语。若连接两个否定句时仍用and, 如后一句。)‎ Unit 10. ‎ ‎ 1. Can you play the guitar? Can you dance / swim? 你会弹吉它 / 跳舞 / 游泳吗？‎ Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. 是的，我会。/ 不，我不会。‎ ‎ 2. I want to join the art / music club. 我想参加美术 / 音乐俱乐部。‎ ‎ 3. What club do you want to join? 你想参加什么俱乐部？‎ ‎ 4. Can you play the piano well? 你弹钢琴弹得好吗？‎ ‎ 5. Are you good with kids? 你善于和孩子相处吗？ （be good with sb. 善于和某人相处）‎ ‎ 6. May I know your name? 我可以知道你的名字吗？= What’s your name? ‎ ‎ 7. What can you do? 你会做什么？‎ ‎ 8. 短语：play the piano / the drums / the trumpet 弹钢琴 / 打鼓 / 吹喇叭（乐器前有the）‎ ‎ chess / English / swimming / music… club象棋 / 英语 / 游泳 / 音乐俱乐部 ‎ a little “一点，一些”（修饰不可数名词。）‎ Unit 11. ‎ ‎ 1. What time do you/ does she usually go to school/ get up? 你通常何时上学 / 起床？‎ I usually run/ She usually gets up at around 7:00. 我 / 她通常大约7:00跑步 / 起床。‎ ‎ 2. When do people usually eat dinner? 人们通常什么时候吃晚饭？‎ ‎ 3. 短语：in the morning / afternoon / evening 在早上 / 下午 / 晚上（用介词in）‎ ‎ （若有其它修饰词，常用介词on: on Sunday morning; on the evening of May 1st.）‎ ‎ go home 回家 get home 到家 go to bed 上床睡觉 take a shower洗澡 get up 起床 best wishes 致以良好的祝愿 listen to music / me听音乐 / 听我(说) all day and all night 整天整夜 ‎ brush teeth刷牙 take the No. 305 bus to school乘305路车去学校 ‎ ‎ write a letter to sb=write to sb =write sb.给某人写信 ‎ 4. 时刻表达： 分钟未过半点；7：20, 可以读作： seven twenty, 或twenty past seven ‎ 12：08, 可以读作：twelve oh eight, 或eight past twelve 分钟刚好半点：9：30, 可读作：nine thirty, 或half past nine 分钟超过半点：8：46, 可读作：eight forty-six, 或fourteen to nine ‎5. what引导的感叹句的结构： what + a / an + 形容词 + 名词 + 主谓 ‎ What a clever boy he is! 他是多么聪明的孩子啊！ ‎ 12‎ What an interesting book you have!你的书多么有趣啊！‎ what + 形容词 + 名词复数： What clever boys you are! 你们是多么聪明的孩子啊！‎ what + 形容词 + 不可数名词： What difficult work it is! 那是多么困难的工作啊！‎ ‎6. 宾语从句的语序（用陈述句的语序， 见下文画线部分）：‎ ‎ I don’t know when your birthday is. （不是when is your birthday）‎ ‎ Can you tell me where you come from? (不是where do you come from)‎ Unit 12. ‎ ‎ 1. What’s your favorite subject? 你最喜爱的学科是什么？‎ ‎（形容词性物主代词+favorite+名词，“…最喜爱的….”） ‎ ‎2. My favorite subject is science. 我最喜爱的学科是科学。‎ ‎ 3. Why do you / does she like science? 你 / 她为什么喜欢科学？ Because it’s interesting. 因为它有趣。‎ ‎ 4. Who is your art teacher? 谁是你的美术教师？‎ ‎ 5. When do you have math? 你什么时候上数学？‎ ‎ 6. I have volleyball for two hours. 我打排球两个小时。（for + 时间段，“达到…时间”）‎ ‎ 7. 短语：TV show 电视节目 be strict with sb / be strict in sth对某人 / 某物要求严格 ‎ be busy with sth / be busy doing sth忙于某事 / 做某事 ‎ on Monday / Tuesday… 在周一 / 周二…. ‎ after lunch / work / school / class…午饭后 / 下班后 / 放学后 / 下课后…‎ run around 到处跑动 play with sb / sth 和某人一块儿玩 / 用某物玩 人称代词形式：‎ 主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 反身代词 作主语 作宾语 后要再接名词 后不再接名词 主宾一致 I me my ( pen / house...)‎ mine myself you(你)‎ you your (bag / car...)‎ yours yourself he him his (desk / coat...)‎ his himself she her her (hair / books...)‎ hers herself it it its (tail / face...)‎ its itself we us our (teachers / room...)‎ ours ourselves you(你们)‎ you your (class / city...)‎ yours yourselves they them their (school / seats...)‎ theirs themselves ‎（如果动词的施动者，即主语，和动词或介词后相应的宾格代词是相同的人或物时，‎ 其宾格代词要用反身代词： I teach myself English. 我自学英语。‎ We solved the problems ourselves. 我们自己解决的这些问题。‎ Lucy hurt herself by accident. 露茜偶然伤了自己。You have to take care of yourself. 你必须照看好自己。‎ 但 She asks me to help her. 中的her并没有反身代词，因为help的施动者是“我”，而承受者是“她”，不相同。）‎ 初一英语易错知识点归类例析 英语有很多很细小的知识点，而这些细小的知识点往往就是考点。同学们很容易由于注意不到而犯错误，下面就初一年级同学们比较容易犯错误的知识点做一个汇总。‎ ‎　　[第一类] 名词类 ‎　　1. 这些女老师们在干什么？‎ ‎　　[误] What are the woman teachers doing？‎ ‎　　[正] What are the women teachers doing？‎ ‎　　[析] 在英语中，当一名词作定语修饰另一名词（单或复数形式）时，作定语的名词一般要用其单数形式；但当man，woman作定语修饰可数名词复数形式时，要用其复数形式men，women. ‎ ‎　　2. 房间里有多少人？‎ 12‎ ‎　　[误] How many peoples are there in the room？‎ ‎　　[正] How many people are there in the room？‎ ‎　　[析] people作“人、人们”解时，是个集合名词，其单复数同形。‎ ‎　　3. 我想为我儿子买两瓶牛奶。‎ ‎　　[误] I want to buy two bottle of milk for my son. ‎ ‎　　[正] I want to buy two bottles of milk for my son.‎ ‎　　 [析] 表示不可数名词的数量时，常用“a / an或数词 +表量的可数名词 + of + 不可数名词”这一结构， 其中当数词大于1时，表量的可数名词要用其复数形式。‎ ‎　　[第二类] 动词类 ‎　　4. 你妹妹通常什么时候去上学？‎ ‎　　[误] What time does your sister usually goes to school？‎ ‎　　[正] What time does your sister usually go to school？‎ ‎　　[析] 借助助动词do（或does）构成疑问句或否定句时，句中的谓语动词用其原形。‎ ‎　　5. 琳达晚上经常做作业，但今晚她在看电视。‎ ‎　　[误] Linda often do her homework in the evening，but this evening she watching TV.‎ ‎　　 [正] Linda often does her homework in the evening，but this evening she is watching TV. ‎ ‎　　[析] 在初一英语学习阶段，我们接触到了两种主要时态：一般现在时和现在进行时。一般现在时表示经常的或习惯性的动作，常和often，usually，sometimes 等时间状语连用。在一般现在时的句子中，若主语是第三人称单数，谓语动词要用其第三人称单数形式。现在进行时表示现阶段正在进行或发生的动作，现在进行时由be（am / is / are） + ving形式构成。‎ ‎　　6 这双鞋是红色的。‎ ‎　　[误] This pair of shoes are red. ‎ ‎　　[正] This pair of shoes is red. ‎ ‎　　[析] 在shoes，trousers，gloves，glasses等表示成双成对的衣物或工具名词前用pair（表计量）修饰时，谓语动词的形式由pair的单复数形式来决定。‎ ‎　　[第三类] 代词类 ‎　　7. 这张票是她的，不是我的。‎ ‎　　[误] This is hers ticket. It’s not my.‎ ‎　　 [正] This is her ticket. It’s not mine. ‎ ‎　　[析] 物主代词有形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词之分。形容词性物主代词之后一定要接名词，而名词性物主代词之后不需接任何词。‎ ‎　　8. 吴老师教我们英语。‎ ‎　　[误] Miss Wu teaches our English. ‎ ‎　　[正] Miss Wu teaches us English. ‎ ‎　　[析] teach sb. sth.中的sb.作teach的宾语，因此当sb.为人称代词时要用其宾格形式。‎ ‎[第四类] 介词类 ‎　　9. 你能找到这个问题的答案吗？‎ ‎　　[误] Can you find the answer of this question？‎ ‎　　[正] Can you find the answer to this question？‎ ‎　　[析] 英语中用“the answer to …”表示“……的答案”。类似结构还有the key to the door，the way to the zoo等。‎ ‎　　10. 格林先生星期六上午来这里。‎ ‎　　[误] Mr Green will come here in Sunday evening. ‎ 12‎ ‎　　[正] Mr Green will come here on Sunday evening. ‎ ‎　　[析] 表示在上午、下午等时，介词要用in；而表示在具体的某天上午、下午时，介词要用on. ‎ ‎　　11. 那个穿着红裙子的小女孩是我们老师的女儿。‎ ‎　　[误] That little girl on a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter.‎ ‎　　 [正] That little girl in a red skirt is our teacher’s daughter. ‎ ‎　　[析] 用介词表示“穿戴衣物”时，只能用in，其他介词没有此用法。‎ ‎　　[第五类] 副词类 ‎　　12. 莉莉，你为什么不回家呢？‎ ‎　　[误] Lily，why don’t you go to home？‎ ‎　　[正] Lily，why don’t you go home？‎ ‎　　[析] come，go 等后接here，there，home等地点副词时，地点副词前不加to。‎ ‎　　[第六类] 连词类 ‎　　13. 我喜欢语文和英语，但我不喜欢体育和历史。‎ ‎　　[误] I like Chinese and English，but I don’t like P.E.and history.‎ ‎　　 [正] I like Chinese and English，but I don’t like P.E.or history. ‎ ‎　　[析] 在肯定句中并列成分之间用and来连接；而在否定句中，并列成分之间的连接需用or。‎ ‎　　[第七类] 冠词类 ‎　　14. 乘飞机去北京花了史密斯一家人一个小时。‎ ‎　　[误] It takes Smiths a hour to go to Beijing by a plane.‎ ‎　　 [正] It takes the Smiths an hour to go to Beijing by plane. ‎ ‎　　[析] 1．表示“……一家人”用结构“the + 姓氏复数”；‎ ‎　　2．our 一词的第一个字母不发音，它是以元音音素开头的，所以“一小时”要用 an hour；‎ ‎　　3．用介词by表示“乘坐”某种交通工具时，交通工具名词前不加任何冠词。‎ ‎　　[第八类] 句法类 ‎　　15. ――你不是学生吗？ ――不，我是学生。‎ ‎　　[误] ――Aren’t you a student？ ――No， I am. ‎ ‎　　[正] ――Aren’t you a student？ ――Yes， I am. ‎ ‎　　[析] 对否定疑问句的回答是用Yes还是用No，这取决于实际情况：如果事实是肯定的，就用Yes表“不”；如果事实是否定的，就用No表“是的”。‎ 七年级英语语法虽然是从简单的一些日常用语出发的，但语法中常会有一些知识点看起来很细小，容易被忽视，但这些知识点掌握不熟练，往往会造成一些语法应用上的错误。因此在学习七年级英语语法时，要认真、细心，不要觉得一些地方不重要而得过且过。‎ ‎ 一、七年级英语语法——词法 ‎1、名词 A）、名词的数 我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下：‎ 一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories ‎2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes 12‎ 马铃薯 五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员 九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡 十一） 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s。如：Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：IDs, VCDs, SARs 十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen B）名词的格 当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下：‎ 一）单数在后面加’s。如：brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s 二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers’ Day教师节, classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节 三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个’s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）‎ ‎2、代词 ‎3、动词 A） 第三人称单数 当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下：‎ 一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, finishes 三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries ‎2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四）以o结尾加es。如：does, goes 五）特殊的有：are-is, have-has B） 现在分词 当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下：‎ 一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show –showing, draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beginning 12‎ 四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于 ‎4、形容词的级 我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下：‎ 一） 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter –shortest, taller –tallest, longer –longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest 二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三） 以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远)‎ good/well - better best many/much - more most bad/ill – worse worst little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest ‎5、数词 (基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth 二、七年级英语语法——句式 ‎1.陈述句 肯定陈述句 a) This is a book. (be动词)‎ b) He looks very young. (连系动词)‎ c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词)‎ d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词)‎ e) There’s a computer on my desk. (There be结构)‎ 否定陈述句 a) These aren’t their books. b) They don’t look nice.‎ c) Kate doesn’t go to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate can’t find her doll.‎ e) There isn’t a cat here. (=There’s no cat here.)‎ ‎2. 祈使句 肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Let’s learn English!‎ c) Come in, please.‎ 否定祈使句a) Don’t be late. b) Don’t hurry.‎ ‎3. 疑问句 ‎1) 一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like salad?‎ d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading?‎ 肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is.‎ 否定回答: a) No, he isn’t. b) No, you can’t. c) No, she doesn’t. d) No, they don’t. e) No, she isn’t.‎ ‎2) 选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 It’s big./ It’s small.‎ ‎3) 特殊疑问句 ‎① 问年龄 How old is Lucy? She is twelve.‎ ‎② 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies.‎ ‎③ 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine.‎ ‎④ 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K.‎ How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones@163.com.‎ ‎⑤ 问原因 Why do you want to join the club?‎ ‎⑥ 问时间 What’s the time? (=What time is it?) It’s a quarter to ten a.m..‎ 12‎ What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five o’clock.‎ When do you want to go? Let’s go at 7:00.‎ ‎⑦ 问地方 Where’s my backpack? It’s under the table.‎ ‎⑧ 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue.‎ What’s your favourite color? It’s black.‎ ‎⑨ 问人物 Who’s that? It’s my sister.‎ Who is the boy in blue? My brother.‎ Who isn’t at school? Peter and Emma.‎ Who are Lisa and Tim talking to?‎ ‎⑩ 问东西 What’s this/that (in English)? It’s a pencil case.‎ What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers.‎ ‎11问姓名 What’s your aunt’s name? Her name is Helen./She’s Helen.‎ What’s your first name? My first name’s Ben.‎ What’s your family name? My family name’s Smith.‎ ‎12 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box.‎ ‎13 问字母 What letter is it? It’s big D/small f.‎ ‎14 问价格 How much are these pants? They’re 15 dollars.‎ ‎15 问电话号码 What’s your phone number? It’s 576-8349.‎ ‎16 问谓语(动作) What’s he doing? He’s watching TV.‎ ‎17 问职业(身份) What do you do? I’m a teacher.‎ Starter全册重点词汇总 ‎ ‎ 1. Good morning.                                           早上好。‎ 2. Good afternoon.                                          下午好。‎ 3. How are you .  I’m fine, thank you .                          你好么？我很好，谢谢。‎ 4. Are you fine today?                                       你今天还好么？‎ 5. What’s your name?                                        你叫什么名字？‎ 6. This is my twin brother,                                    这是我的双胞胎兄弟。‎ 7. What is it ?    It’s a photo of my family.                 这是什么？这是我的一张全家福 8. Who is she ?   She is my sister.                        她是谁？她是我的姐妹。‎ 9. Who’s this man ?  He is my father.                      这个男的是谁？他是我的爸爸。                           ‎ 10. What’s he ?       He is a doctor.                   他是干什么工作的？ 他是一位医生。‎ 11. Is this your mother ?  Yes, she’s a worker.          这是你的妈妈么？是的，她是一位工人。‎ 12. Are we classmates ? Yes ,we are .                  我们是同学么？是的，我们是同学。‎ 13. How old are you ?   I’m twelve.                 你多大了？  我十二岁了。‎ 14. He’s my cousin Andy.                          他是我的堂兄安蒂。‎ 15. He’s polite and helpful .                        他很有礼貌而且乐于助人。‎ 16. She is short and slim .                          她又矮又瘦。‎ 17. He is tall and strong .                          他又高又壮。‎ 18. He is from England .He’s English .                他来自英格兰，他是英国人。‎ 19. I have a photo here .                           我这边有张照片。‎ 20. Let me have a look .                          让我看一下。‎ 21. Is this their dog ?                              这是他们的狗么？‎ 12‎ 1. Do you know this boy ?                         你认识这个男孩么？‎ 2. Look at them .                               看他们。‎ 3. They are happy too .                           他们也很高兴。‎ 4. All my new classmates                         我所有的新同学 5. Open/Close the door .                          打开/关上门。‎ 6. Stand up ./  Sit down .                        站起来/坐下。‎ 7. clean the window                             擦窗户 8. go to school                                 去学校 9. You are late .Don’t be late again .                你迟到了。别再迟到了。‎ 10. There are sixteen boys and fourteen girls in my class . 我们班里有十六个男孩和十四个女孩。‎ 11. an art room                                    一间美术室 12. a poster                                       一张招贴画 13. fifteen rubbers                                 十五块橡皮 14. eighteen pencils                                                       十八支铅笔 15. twenty students                                                       二十个学生 16. Is this your school ?                              这是你的学校么？‎ 17. Is there a computer room in your school ?                  你的学校有一个电脑房么？‎ 18. football field                                                            足球场 19. How many classrooms are there in your school ?         你的学校有多少间教室？‎ 20. an office                                                                  一个办公室 21. a toilet                                                                    一间厕所 22. a library                                                                   一个图书馆 23. Are there three buildings in Tom’s school ?                  汤姆的学校里有三座大楼。‎ 24. Are there three art rooms in Building C ?                                 在 C 栋大楼里有三间美术室 25. Is there a playground in Tom’s school ?                                  汤姆的学校里有一个操场么？‎ 26. How many halls are there in your school ?                              你的学校里有几个礼堂？‎ 27. There are two hundred students in my school .                        我的学校有两百个学生。‎ 28. On the ground floor .                                                            在一楼（英式）‎ 29. On the first floor .                                                                在一楼（美式）在二楼（英式）‎ 30. There aren’t any libraries in my school ,but there are some reading rooms .我们学校没有图书馆，但有阅览室 31. Are there any libraries in the school ?                                     学校里有图书馆么？‎ 32. basketball court                                                                    篮球场 33. dining hall                                                                            食堂 34. reading room                                                                       阅览室 35. where is the bird ?  It’s in the tree .                                       小鸟在哪？它在树上。‎ 36. where are the students ?They are on the playground .               学生们在哪？他们在操场上。‎ 37. on the left/right of ……                                                        在……左边/在……右边 38. what’s in the tree ?                                                               什么东西在树上？‎ 39. Some boats are on tne lake .                                                  湖上有一些船。‎ 40. behind the tree                                                                     在树的后面 41. under the chair                                                                     在椅子的下面 42. come  here                                                                        到这儿来 43. in the middle of                                                                   在……的中间 12‎ 1. between the two flowers                                                       在两朵花的中间 2. what’s in the box ?                                                              盒子里是什么？‎ 3. what colour is it/are they ?                                                    它/它们是什么颜色 4. what are these ?  They are Dad’s black trousers .            这些是什么？它们是爸爸的黑裤子。‎ 5. her yellow blouse                                                                 她的黄色的衬衫 6. her pink sweater                                                                   她的粉红色的毛衣 7. his brown cap                                                                      他的棕色的帽子 8. his red T-shirt                                                                      他的红色的短袖衬衫 9. his blue jeans                                                                       他的蓝色的牛仔裤 10. her grey skirt                                                                       他的灰色的裙子 11. whose bike is it ?                                                                  它是谁的车？‎ 12. Here is your coat .                                                                这是你的外套 13. Take your kites .                                                                  把你们的风筝拿走。‎ 14. Here you are                                                                       给你 15. Here they are .And here are your socks .                                 它们在这儿，这是你的袜子。‎ 16. Here are my pictures .                                                           这是我的图片。‎ 17. Do you have a camera ?                                                        你有一架相机么？‎ 18. comic book                                                                         漫画书 19. Do you have any bats ?                                                         你有球拍么？‎ 20. model plane                                                                         模型飞机 21. whose ball is this ?Is it yours?  No, it’s not mine ,it’s hers .这是谁的球？是你的么？不，不是我的，它是她的。‎ 22. every student has ……                                                         每个学生有……‎ 23. what do they have in their lockers ?                                他们的储物柜里有些什么？‎ 24. a pair of glasses                                                            一副眼镜 25. what about Millie ?                                                        米莉怎么样？‎ 26. beside ……                                                                  在……旁边 27. sports shoes                                                                 运动鞋 28. whose  watch  is  this ?                                            这是谁的手表？‎ 29. Are these hair clips yours ?                                            这些发卡是你的么？‎ 30. I don’t have any yellow hair clips .                                 我没有黄色的发卡。‎ 31. Whose bats are these ?                                                  这些是谁的球拍？‎ 32. Who has a pet in your class ?   Many students have .     你们班谁有宠物？很多学生都有。‎ 33. What pets are they ?                                                      他们是些什么宠物？‎ 34. We can play football there .                                            我们可以在那儿踢足球 35. You can’t bring your dog here .                                      你不能把你的狗带到这儿来。‎ 36. Look at the sign .                                                          看这个标志。‎ 37. watch TV                                                                    看电视 38. listen to music                                                             听音乐 39. fly kites                                                                       放风筝 40. ride a bike                                                                   骑车 41. smoke                                                                         抽烟 42. use a mobile                                                                 打手机 12‎ 1. do one’s homework                                                      做……的家庭作业 2. look for things on the Internet                                       在英特网上搜索东西 3. take the newspaper home                                               把报纸拿回家 4. Can I bring my bag here ?                                              我能把我的包拿到这儿来么？‎ 5. Can I eat here ?                                                            我能在这儿吃东西么？‎ 6. cross the road                                                              过马路 7. wait for                                                                       等待……    ‎ 8. park her bike under the tree                                            把她的自行车停在树下 9. look for the right place                                            寻找合适的地方 10. bring her bag into                                                         把她的包带进……. ‎ 11. use a shopping basket                                                   使用购物篮 12. look up and down                                                        上下看看 13. where can I put my football ?                                         我能把我的足球放在哪儿？‎ 14. Can we put Sign ‎1 in Happy‎ ‎Park?                                  我能把标志1放在快乐公园么？‎ 15. Where can we put it ?                                                   我们能把它放在哪儿？‎ 16. Get up.                                                                        起床 17. What time is it ?                                                            现在几点？‎ 18. Hurry up .                                                                    加快点。‎ 19. a Chinese lesson                                                           一堂语文课 20. a Maths lesson                                                             一堂数学课 21. a Computer lesson                                                        一堂计算机课 22. Do you go to school at seven thirty ?                              你在七点半去学校么？‎ 23. We play basketball only on Thursday .                             我们只在星期四打篮球。‎ 24. Do you have a Computer lesson today?                           你今天有计算机课么？‎ 25. Chat with each other at lunchtime                                  在午饭时间彼此交谈 26. I like playing basketball and pingpong .                            我喜欢打篮球和乒乓球。‎ 27. go to bed                                                                     上床睡觉 28. I get up at 7:‎00 a.m./in the morning .                              我早晨七点起床。‎ 29. I go to bed at 10:00 p.m./in the evening .                         我晚上十点睡觉。‎ 30. in the morning /afternoon                                               在早上/在下午 31. What time do you get up in the morning ?                        你早晨什么时候起床？‎ 12‎