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专题
(十三)
连词和状语从句
第二篇 语法专题突破
考点一
并列连词
1.
表示并列关系
常见的有
and(
和
,
同
,
与
),both
…
and
…
(
……和……都
), not only
…
but also
…
(
不仅……而且……
), as well as (
而且
,
还
,
又
), neither
…
nor
…
(
既不……也不……
)
等。
He likes drawing and I like dancing.
他喜欢画画
,
我喜欢跳舞。
Both his father and his mother like watching TV.
他的父母都喜欢看电视。
Neither you nor I am wrong.
你和我都没有错。
Tom as well as I walks to school every day.
汤姆和我每天步行去上学。
[
注意
] as well as
连接的并列结构在句中作主语时
,
谓语动词应与
as well as
前面的主语在数上保持一致
;
而
not only
…
but also
…和
neither
…
nor
…连接两个并列主语时
,
谓语动词则遵循“就近一致”原则。
2.
表示选择关系
常见的有
or (
或
;
或者
;
还是
;
否则
;
不然
), either
…
or
…
(
或者……或者……
;
不是……就是……
), not
…
but
…
(
不是……而是……
)
等。
Work hard, or you will fall behind.
努力学习
,
否则你会落后。
Either you or he is going to do some shopping this afternoon.
今天下午或者你或者他去购物。
[
注意
]
用
either
…
or
…连接两个并列成分作主语时
,
谓语动词遵循“就近一致”原则。
3.
表示转折关系
常见的有
but (
但
;
但是
;
可是
), while (
然而
)
等。
She was very tired, but she kept working till midnight.
她虽然很累
,
但是她一直工作到半夜。
He's a worker while his wife is a doctor.
他是一名工人
,
而他的妻子是一位医生。
4.
表示因果关系
常见的有
for (
因为
), so (
所以
)
等。
He got up late, so he didn't catch the early bus.
他起床晚了
,
所以没赶上早班公交车。
考点二
从属连词引导状语从句
1.
时间状语从句
引导词有
when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, not
…
until
…
, as soon as
等。
When he comes back, I'll give you a call.
他回来时
,
我会给你打电话的。
They didn't eat anything until they finished the work.
他们直到完成工作才吃了点东西。
I'll ring you as soon as I reach Beijing.
我一到北京就给你打电话。
2.
原因状语从句
引导词有
because, since, as
等。
I didn't go, because I was afraid.
我没去
,
因为我害怕。
Since you are free today, you'd better take a good rest.
既然你今天有空
,
你最好好好休息一下。
3.
条件状语从句
引导词有
if, unless
等。
If it rains, I'll go by car.
如果下雨
,
我就乘小汽车去。
You can not succeed unless you work hard.
如果你不努力
,
你是不会成功的。
4.
结果状语从句
引导词有
so
…
that, such
…
that
等。
It was raining so hard that we couldn't see the road.
雨下得如此大
,
以至于我们看不见路。
5.
让步状语从句
引导词有
though, even though/if, although,
“
no matter+
疑问词”等。
Even though/if you say so, I do not believe it.
即使你这么说
,
我也不信。
6.
目的状语从句
引导词有
so that, in order that
等。
I need to get up early so that I can catch the early bus.
我需要早起
,
以便能赶上早班公交车。
7.
方式状语从句
引导词有
as if, as though, as
等。
The child talked to us as if he had been a grown-up.
那个孩子跟我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。
8.
地点状语从句
引导词有
where, wherever
等。
Wherever he goes, he always brings his pet dog.
无论他去哪里
,
他总是带着他的宠物狗。
9.
比较状语从句
引导词有
than, as
…
as, not as
…
as
等。
Carol speaks English as well as you do.
卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好。
考点三
主句与从句时态一致的问题
1.
在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中
,
主句和从句之间的时态一致问题一般分为下列几种情况
:
(1)
主现从现
:
若主句是祈使句或主句中有情态动词
,
那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。
The traffic must stop when the lights are red.
当红灯亮时
,
车辆必须停下来。
(2)
主将从现
:
若主句用一般将来时
,
那么从句用一般现在时表示将来。
I will visit my good friend when I have time.
当我有空时
,
我将去看望我的好朋友。
If she is here tomorrow, I will go to the park with her.
如果明天她来这里
,
我将和她一起去公园。
(3)
过去时态
:
若主句和从句都是在叙述过去的事情
,
则主句和从句可以用一般过去时或过去进行时。
My mother was cooking when I got home yesterday.
昨天我到家时妈妈正在做饭。
2.
宾语从句和状语从句同时出现。
I don't know if(
是否
) he will come.If(
如果
) he comes, I will tell him about the accident.
我不知道他是否会来。如果他来的话
,
我将告诉他这起事故。
I don't know when (
什么时候
) he will come tomorrow. When (
当……的时候
) he comes, I will tell him about the news.
我不知道他明天什么时候来。当他来时
,
我将告诉他这个消息。
对接中考专练
Ⅰ.
单项选择
1.
[2018
·河北
]
Bob, dinner is ready. Please wash your hands
you eat.
A.until B.after
C.while D.before
2.
[2017
·河北
]
Mom won't let Dick go out
he promises to be back by 10:00 tonight.
A.if B.when
C.since D.unless
D
D
语法综合演练
对接中考专练
3.
[2016
·河北
]
Victoria, hurry up!
we can't arrive there on time.
A.Or B.So
C.But D.And
4.
[2014
·河北
]Eric arrived on time,
it was the rush hour.
A.although B.because
C.while D.unless
5.
[2014
·河北
]
Diana isn't here,
leave a message on her desk.
A.or B.so
C.and D.but
语法综合演练
A
A
B
Ⅱ.
用适当的连词填空。
1.
[2019
·河北改编
]
We both liked playing basketball and collecting stamps, s
we always had a lot of things to talk about.
2.
[2018
·河北改编
]
I didn't know w
Mr. Du asked me to go to the front, so I was a little afraid.
3.
[2017
·河北改编
]
My friends
I often go to the Science Club together.
4.
[2019
·保定一模改编
]
It's not always safe to pay over the Internet,
_____ you should be careful.
5.
[2019
·石家庄一模改编
]
Mary, turn off the water w
you are brushing your teeth.
o
hy
and
so
while/when
对接中考专练
语法综合演练
Ⅲ.
英译汉
1.
Reading can not only increase our knowledge, but also bring us pleasure.
2.
[2017
·河北
]
When you're alone, you can think about the best parts of your day.
阅读不仅能增长我们的知识
,
而且给我们带来快乐。
当你独自一人时
,
你可以想想你这一天中最精彩的部分。
对接中考专练
语法综合演练
3.
We should learn English well so that we can tell China's stories to the world.
4.
I don't think it's necessary to set out so early if we want to arrive at ten.
5.
The old man was so excited that he couldn't speak clearly.
对接中考专练
语法综合演练
我们应该学好英语
,
以便能向世界讲述中国故事。
如果我们想要在
10
点钟到达
,
我认为没有必要这么早出发。
这位老人非常激动
,
以至于不能清晰地讲话。
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