专题02 中考词组句型知识点总结 备战2021年中考英语复习知识点总结 8页

专题二：中考词组句型知识点总结 形容词副词词组 各种各样的 various = a variety of = varieties of = all kinds of 不如 not as … as = not so … as = less… than 和……一样大 as big/large as = the same size as = the size of 和…一样长 as long as = the same length as = the length of 对…感到满意 be satisfied with = be pleased with 对…感到自豪 be proud of = take pride in 与…连接在一起 be connected to / with 喜爱 be fond of = be keen on =care for 充满了… be full of = be filled with 小学 primary school = elementary school 挤满了 be crowded with 初中 junior high school 对……感到惊奇 be surprised at 高中 senior high school 对……感兴趣 be interested in 忙于某事 be busy with sth. 对…负责 be responsible for 忙于做某事 be busy doing 对…有害 be harmful to 生某人的气 be angry with 对……严格 be strict with 被深深地感动 be deeply moved 对……仔细 be careful with 习惯于某物 be used to sth. 对……熟悉 be familiar with 习惯于做某事 be used to doing sth. 被……所熟悉 be familiar to 积极参加 take an active part in 被……覆盖 be covered with 感激某人 be thankful to sb. 在…方面成功 be successful in 极冷的天气 freezing weather 动词词组 放弃做某事 give up doing 继续 go on = continue 占据；开始从 事 take up 穿上，上演 put on 拾起；开车去 接 pick up 打开 turn on 举起；张贴 put up 上车 get on; get into 调高音量 turn up 上交作业 hand in 熬夜 stay up 归还；返回 Return 醒来 wake up 发生故障，出 错 go wrong 起床 get up 变质，变坏 go bad 查阅 look up 去吧，干吧， go ahead 建立 set up 调低音量 turn down 分发（作业） give out 看… look at 为…做准备 be / get ready for 冷冻食品 frozen food 以…为根据/基础 be based on 整个假期 the whole holiday 保持沉默 keep silent 随着 年龄 的增 长 with age 打破沉默 break silence 重要的事情 something important 不再 no longer = not any longer = no more = not any more 目前，眼下 at present = for the time being = now = nowadays 有时候 sometimes = now and then = from time to time 立刻，马上 right now = at once = immediately 取出 take out 寻找 look for = search for 扑灭（人做主 语） put out 照顾 look after = take care of 熄灭（灯、火 做主语） go out 脱下，起飞 take off 证明是；结果 是 turn out 延期，推迟 put off = delay 小心！ look out 下车 get off ; get out of 算出来 work out 关闭 turn off 出发，动身 set out 炫耀 show off 带走 take away 远离 keep off 放好，整理好 put away 翻车，翻身 turn over 扔掉 throw away 复习 go over = review 变成 turn into 仔细考虑 think over 动 身 前 往 某 地 set out for = set off for = leave for = start for 阻 止 某 人 做 某事 prevent / keep / stop sb. from doing sth. 决定做某事 decide to do = make a decision to do = make up one’s mind to do 成功做某事 manage to do = succeed in doing = was/ were able to 提供 provide sb. with. sth.= provide sth. for sb.= offer sb. sth.= offer sth. to sb. 被 用 于 做 某 事 be used to do = be used for doing say sorry to sb = apologize to sb. 讲英语 say sth. in English = speak English say hello to sb. = greet sb. 照顾 care for = look after = take care of say goodbye to sb. = see sb. off 为某人 送行 过 去 常 常 做 used to do 到达某地 reach= arrive in/at=get 某事 to 习惯于某物 be used to sth. 讲故事 tell a story 习 惯 于 做 某 事 be used to doing sth. 说谎 tell a lie 穿着 wear = be dressed in 报时 tell the time 穿上 put on 区别不同 tell the difference 给 某 人 穿 衣 服 dress sb. 实现我的梦 想 realize/ achieve my dream 承 认 做 过 某 事 admit doing 否认做过某 事 deny doing 授 予 某 人 某 物 award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 喜欢，参加 go in for 向某人抱怨 complain to sb. about sth. 向某人道歉 apologize to sb for sth 发生 happen = take place 依靠，取决 于 depend on = rely on 举办 take place = be held 参加 take part in 由……构成 be made up of= consist of 加入我们 join us 负责，管理 take charge of 抓住 take hold of 摆脱，去掉 get rid of 取笑 make fun of 中考必考重点句型 1. It's+adj.+for sb.+to do sth. 对某人来说做某事怎么样，如： It is dangerous for children to play in the street. 孩子们在街上玩是很危险的。 2. It's time for sth. 是干某事的时间了； It's time(for sb.)to do sth.该干某事了。如： ①It's time for the meeting. 该开会了。 ②It's time for us to go to school. 我们该上学了。 3. It takes sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花某人一些时间。 sb. spend some time/money on sth./(in)doing sth. 某人花时间(金钱)在某事 上/花时间(金钱)干某事。 sth. cost sb. some money 某事花某人一些钱。 pay some money for sth.为某事(物)付钱。如： ① It took me two hours to write the letter. 写这封信花了我两小时的时间。 ② He spends half an hour( in )reading English every morning.他每天早上花 半小时读英语。 ③ He spends one hour on the housework every day. 他 每天 花一 小 时做 家 务。 ④ The bike cost me 500 yuan. 这辆自行车花了我 500 元。 ⑤ I spent 500 yuan on the bike. 我买这辆自行车花了 500 元。 ⑥ I paid 500 yuan for the bike. 我花了 500 元买这辆自行车。 重要提示： cost 主语一般为物；spend, pay 主语一般为人。例 ① 中 it 用作形式主语， 动词不定式为真正主语。 4. too+形容词/副词+to do 太……以致不能…… 如： ① I was too excited to say a word.我激动得一个字也说不出来。 ② Tom is too short to reach the apple.Tom 太矮了,拿不到那个苹果。 重要提示： 这是一个否定句型，不能在不定式前加 not，可以用 so that 结构改写。例 句 ① 可以改写成：I was so excited that I couldn’t say a word. 5. so that 以便/以致…… 如： ① They studied hard so that they could pass the exam. 为了能通过考试,他们 学习很努力。 ② They started early so that they caught the early bus. 他们起得很早,结果赶 上了早班车。 重要提示： 在例句①中，是引导目的状语;在例句②中，是引导结果状语。一般来讲， 若从句中含有情态动词，则 so that 引导的为目的状语。若无情态动词，则 so that 引导的为结果状语。 6. 祈使句+then/or/and+陈述句 如： ①Work hard,and/then/and then you will live a happy life. 努力工作，你就会 过上幸福的生活。 ②Hurry up,or we will be late for school. 快点，否则我们上学就迟到了。 注意：以上句型都可以用条件状语从句来改写。例句②可以改写成： If we don't hurry up, we'll be late for school. 7. 表达建议的句型，如： Why not do? 为什么不……? Let's do 让我们做……吧。 Shall we do?我们做……好吗? Would you like/to do?你想要( 做 )……吗? Will you please do?请你做……好吗? What(How)about doing?做……怎么样? had better do/not do sth.最好做/不做某事。 如: ①—Why not go and ask our teacher? ——为什么不去问问老师? —Good idea! Let's go. ——好主意!走吧! ②—Shall we go out for a walk? ——我们去散步怎么样? —No,Let's go to the zoo. ——不,我们去动物园吧。 ③Will you please fetch some chalks for me?请你给我拿些粉笔,好吗? ④—What about singing an English song? ——唱首英文歌曲怎么样? —Wonderful! ——好极了! ⑤You had better put on the coat when you go out.你出去时最好把外套穿上。 8. I don't think his answer is right.我认为他的答案不对。 I can't believe she is right.我相信她是不对的。 You don't think they will come tomorrow,do you?你认为他们明天不会来,是 吗? 重要提醒： think,believe,suppose 等接宾语从句，表示否定时要否定主句。变为反意疑 问句时，若主语是第一人称，简短问句与宾语从句的主谓语保持一致，若主句 主语是其他人称，与主句主谓语保持一致。例句①变为反意疑问句应为： I can't believe she is right,is she? 9. such+名词性词组+that；so+形容词/副词+that 如此……以致……如： ①She is such a good teacher that we all love her.她是一个好老师,我们都爱 她。 ②It was such a hot day that they didn't go out for a walk as usual.这么热的天 气,他们没有像往常一样去散步。 重要提醒： (1)“such+a(an)+形容词+名词+that”，可以改写成“so+形容词+a(an)+名词 +that”，例句①可以改写成：She is so good a teacher that we all love her. (2)在“such+形容词+名词复数或不可数名词+that”结构中，形容词如果是 many/few 或 much/little 时，用 so 不用 such，即：so+many/few+可数名词复数 +that ，so+much/little+不可数名词+that。如： ①There are so many people in the room that I can't get in. 房间里人太多,我进不去。 ②The man has so much money that he can buy a car. 那人很有钱,他能买一辆小汽车。 10. there be;either or;neither nor;not only but also 如： ①There is a pen and two pencils in his pencil-box. 他的铅笔盒里有一支钢 笔和两支铅笔。 ②Not only you but also I want to go travelling. 不但你，我也想去旅游。 ③Either you or I am leaving for Shanghai. 要么你去上海，要么我去上海。 ④Neither you nor he is right. 你和他都不对。 ⑤Both Jack and Tim are English. Jack 和 Tim 都是英国人。 重要提示： 当这几个句型连接主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要遵循“就近原则”。对比 both and 来记忆，both and 连接主语时视为复数。 11. enough+名词+to do 有足够的……做某事； 形容词/副词+enough+to do 足够……做某事。如： ①There is enough room to hold these people to have a meeting. 有足够的地 方容下这些人开会。 ②The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy box. 这个男孩儿力气够大,能 搬动这只箱子。 重要提示： enough 作副词修饰形容词或副词时，放在所修饰词的后面，句子可以用 so that 句 型 改 写 。 例 句 ② 可 以 改 写 为 ： The boy is so strong that he can carry the heavy box. 12. enjoy doing sth.喜欢(爱好)做某事； like to do/like doing sth.喜欢做某事。如： ①Do you enjoy listening to music? 你喜欢听音乐吗? ②I like to swim in the swimming pool. 我喜欢在游泳池中游泳。(喜欢到某 一具体的地方游泳) ③I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。(只讲喜欢这项运动)