初三中考英语代词总复习 4页

初中代词总复习 代词是代替名词的词，按照其不同的含义与作用分类。代词种类多，用途广，试题中出现频率很高，中考中涉及各个题型，约占中考试题的10%左右，出现较多的是不定代.词的用法及代词作主语时和谓语动词一致的用法，人称代词主格与宾格用法区别，形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词的用法区别。代词在句子中可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。‎ 一．人称代词：‎ ‎ ‎ 单数 复数 主格 宾格 主格 宾格 第一人称 I me we us 第二人称 you you you you 第三人称 it/she/he it/her/him they them ‎1.主格作主语,宾格作动词或介词的宾语.‎ ‎ He teaches ______(we) Chinese .‎ ‎2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为:‎ ‎ 单数:二,三,一 （You, she/ he and I ） 复数:一,二,三 (we , you and they )‎ 注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,(即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.)‎ ‎ She and I have been to Beijing.‎ ‎ Who broke the window? I and Mike.‎ 注：it 还有一些特别的用法。‎ ‎ 1）用作形式主语,常用于 “It’s +adj. +to do sth.”句型中.‎ ‎ 2) 用在句型: “It seems that …”中.‎ ‎ 3) 用在句型: “It’s one’s turn to do sth”中. ‎ ‎ 4) 用在句型: “It’s time to do sth / for sth”中.‎ ‎ 5) 用在句型: “It’s +adj. +that 从句”中.‎ ‎ 6) 用作形式宾语, 用来代替动词不定式. make/ think /feel/find + it + adj. (名词)+ to do sth. ‎ 二.物主代词.‎ 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 单数 复数 单数 复数 形容词性 my our your your its/his/her their 名词性 mine ours yours yours its/his/hers theirs 1. 形容词性的物主代词作定语放在名词前，不能单独使用。‎ 2. 名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。‎ ‎ Our classroom is as big as ______(they) .‎ ‎ This is a friend of ______(my).‎ 注: 1)名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词.‎ ‎（名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词）‎ ‎ 2)形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词.‎ ‎ My own house = a house of my own ‎ 三.反身代词 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ‎ ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself/herself/itself themselves 记忆小窍门:‎ 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替.‎ 反身代词的常用搭配:‎ ‎ enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learn…by oneself all by oneself ‎ ‎ help oneself to … look after oneself leave sb. by oneself say to oneself ‎ for oneself ‎ ‎ dress oneself improve oneself see oneself in the mirror 四.指示代词 ‎ 1.近指: this these 远指: that those ‎ ‎ 2.用法:‎ ‎ 1)that those 常用来代替前面出现的人或物,以避免重复. That代替可数名词的单数或不可数名词. Those 代替复数名词.‎ ‎ The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _____ in Qinghai .‎ ‎ The books in that shop are cheaper than ______in this shop.‎ ‎ A. this B. that C. one D. those ‎ ‎ 2)this ,that 可代替句子或句子的一个部分,that代替前面提到的句子而this代替下面提到的句子.‎ ‎ He had a bad cold, that is why he didn’t come.‎ ‎ 3)在电话用语中,this 代替自己,而that 代替对方.‎ ‎ This is Tom speaking. Who is that?‎ 五.不定代词的区别.‎ ‎1.one与it 的区别 ‎ One 代替同类事物中的一种. 而it代替上文中出现的某事物.‎ ‎ This book is a good one. May I borrow it?‎ ‎2.some与any 的区别 ‎ 一般情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于否定,疑问句,条件句中.但在表建议的疑问句中,仍用some 代any. 常用于could / would / May 开头或what about /how about …. 的句中。‎ ‎ May I have some water?‎ ‎ He asked me for some paper, but I didn’t have any.‎ ‎3.many与much的区别 ‎ Many+可数名词的复数 Much+不可数名词 都相当于 a lot of +复数名词/不可数名词 ‎ 注:a lot of 不能用于否定句中. 否定句中用many /much .‎ ‎4.a few /few /a little /little 的区别 表否定(几乎没有)‎ 表肯定(有一点/几个)‎ 修饰可数名词 few a few 修饰不可数名词 little a little ‎ The story is easy to read. There are _____ new words in it .‎ ‎ Hurry up! There is _____ time left.‎ ‎5.each / every 的区别 ‎ each 表示两者或两者以上的人或物中的每一个.而every 表示三者或三者以上的人或物中的每一个.‎ ‎ There are trees and flowers on _____ side of the street . ‎ ‎ ______ student has read a story .‎ 注:each 可以与of 连用, each of 作主语时,谓语动词用单数.而every 不能与of 连用.只能放在名词前作定语. Each of us _______(study )hard .‎ ‎6.no one 与none 的区别 ‎ no one 表示没有人, 不能与of 连用. 而none of +复数名词/ 代词，作主语时，谓语常用单数。.‎ ‎ The boys were all tired, but _____ of them stopped to have a rest.‎ ‎7.both /neither /either /all / none / any 的区别 都 都不 任何一个 两者之间 both neither either 三者或三者以上 all none any There are many trees on ____ side of the river. A. both B. any C. either D. all ‎ ‎ 注: 1). both 的否定词是neither , all的否定词是none.‎ ‎2).both of 作主语时,谓语动词用复数. neither of作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.‎ Neither of the answers ______(be) right . Both of my parents _______(be) workers.‎ ‎ 3).词组 ‎ A) both …and …连接两个主语时,谓语动词用复数. 同义词组:not only …but also … 反义词组: neither … nor …‎ Not only you but also she likes watching TV. = ____ you _____ she like watching TV.= You like watching TV , _____ _____ she .‎ B) either …or … 或者……或者…… , neither…nor… 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词实行就近原则.‎ Neither you nor he ______ (be ) right .‎ One of Lily and Lucy is going to the park. = _____ Lily _____Lucy _____ going to the park.‎ C) either 也可用于否定句中的 “也”‎ D) neither 也可表示 “ 也不” 句型: neither … sb. 某人也不怎么样.‎ ‎ If you don’t go there, _____ ‎_____‎‎ ‎I.‎ (我也不去)‎ ‎4) how many /how much 的回答:用none回答.‎ ‎ Who 的回答:用no one 回答.‎ ‎ What 的回答:用nothing 回答.‎ ‎ How many students are there in the classroom? __________.‎ ‎ Who can answer the question? _______.A. None B. No one C. Nothing ‎ ‎8.other /the other /others /the others 的区别 后面没有名词 后面有名词 有数量限制(特指)‎ the others the other 没有数量限制(泛指)‎ others other 注: 1) one …the other … 表示两者之间的一个……另一个……‎ ‎ 2) some… others… 表示一些…… 一些……‎ ‎3) another 表示三者以上的不确定数目中的另一个. 只能修饰可数名词的单数.‎ 但 another +数字+ 复数名词= 数字+ more +复数名词 表示 “ 另外几个……”‎ ‎ I have two brothers, one is a teacher, _________ is a worker.‎ ‎ Some are cleaning the classroom, ______ are sweeping the window.‎ ‎ There are 20 teachers in our school. Eight of them are men teachers ,and _____ are women teachers ‎ everyone ‎ 每个，人人，大家 不与of 连用 every one 每个人、物 可与of 连用 ‎9.‎ Every one of us has seen the film.‎ ‎ Everyone should do their best.‎ ‎10.复合不定代词.‎ some any ‎ no every thing something anything nothing everything one someone anyone no one everyone body somebody anybody nobody everybody ‎ 注: 1.复合不定代词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数.‎ ‎ 2.形容词修饰不定代词时, 形容词放在不定代词之后.‎ ‎3.动词不定式修饰不定代词时, 动词不定式放在不定代词之后.‎ ‎4.复合不定代词用于反义疑问句中, ‎ ‎ 1)指人的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用he 或they .‎ ‎ 2)指物的不定代词, 其反义疑问句中的主语用 it .‎ ‎5.any ,anything ,anyone, anybody 也可用于肯定句中,表示 “任何……/任何物/任何人”‎ Everything ______(begin ) to grow in spring , _______ _______ ?‎ Is there ___________(一些有趣的事)in today’s newspaper ?‎ I want something ________ (eat ).‎