2020中考英语试题解析汇编（第02期）专题05 单项选择（疑问词、连词、从句及特殊句式） 11页

专题05 单项选择（疑问词、连词、从句及特殊句式）‎ ‎1.【2018年安徽省中考】Little Jack has learned to do lots of things on his own , ______ he is only four years old.‎ A. if B. though C. for D. since ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：小杰克自己学会了做许多事情，尽管他只有四岁。A. if 如果； B. though 尽管 C. for 因为，为了； D. since自从；根据Little Jack has learned to do lots of things on his own , 和he is only four years old.之间是让步关系，所以用 though 引导让步状语从句；故选B ‎2. 【2018年安徽省中考】——I wonder ______ Jane gets on so well with her classmates.‎ ‎——Because she always cares much about others.‎ A. whether B. how C. when D. why ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：——我想知道为什么简和她的同学相处的这么好。——因为她总是非常关心别人。A. whether 是否； B. how 怎样； C. when 什么时候； D. why为什么；根据Because she always cares much about others可知问为什么；故选D ‎3. 【2018年贵州省安顺】--Only You is a TV program is popular with most young people.‎ ‎--Yes, it is definitely true.‎ A. that B. whose C. what D. who ‎【答案】A 11‎ 点睛：在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。‎ ‎1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：‎ Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)‎ He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)‎ ‎2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换)，例如：‎ They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。‎ ‎3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。‎ 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。‎ 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：‎ Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。‎ ‎4. 【2018年贵州省安顺】--There is little money for Mr. Lee to buy a ticket for today’s show, ?‎ ‎--Exactly!‎ A. are there B. isn’t there C. aren’t there D. is there ‎【答案】D ‎5. 【2018年贵州省安顺】 -- fresh air it is now!‎ ‎--Yes. go out for a walk.‎ A. How ;Let B. What a; Let’s C. What ; Let’s D. How; Let us ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：——现在是多么新鲜的空气啊！——是的，我们出去散步吧。感叹句一般有两种结构：What 11‎ ‎ +(a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！名词是复数或不可数名词，不加a/an。How+形容词+主语+谓语！本句的中心词air为不可数名词，应该用what来引导，let’s +动词原形，意思是“让我们做……吧。”故答案选C。‎ 点睛：感叹句通常由what 或 how 引导。现分述如下：‎ 由what 引导的感叹句，其句子结构可分为以下三种：‎ ‎1. What + a/an +形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语! 2. What +形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语! 3. What +形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!‎ 由 how 引导的感叹句，其句子结构也分为三种：‎ ‎1. How +形容词 / 副词+主语+谓语! 2. How +形容词+ a/an +可数名词单数+主语+谓语!‎ ‎3. How +主语+谓语!”‎ 由 what 引导的感叹句与由 how 引导的感叹句有时可以转换，但句中部分单词的顺序要有所变化。如：How beautiful a girl she is! = What a beautiful girl she is!‎ What delicious cakes these are! = How delicious these cakes are!‎ ‎6. 【2018年黑龙江省绥化市中考】--___________do you like Wolf Warriors II?‎ ‎--.Because it's exciting.‎ A. Why B. What C. How ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：你为什么喜欢《战狼2》？因为它令人兴奋。本题考查连词。A. Why为什么； B. What 什么 ；C. How怎样。“喜欢战狼2”的原因是“它令人兴奋”故填A。‎ ‎7.【2018年黑龙江省绥化市中考】He asked me_________.‎ A. if I would go skating with him B. when did I buy the CD C. that I had a good time ‎【答案】A 点睛：关于宾语从句，应注意：‎ 11‎ ‎1．语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述句语序，即宾语从句的主从句是一体的。‎ ‎2. 时态 含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应，包括以下三点内容：‎ ‎1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。如：①I don’t know when he will come back．我不知道他将何时回来。‎ ‎②He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告诉我他姐姐昨天回来了。‎ ‎2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。如：‎ ‎①The children didn't know who he was．孩子们不知道他是谁。‎ ‎②He asked his father how it happened．他问他父亲这件事是如何发生的。‎ ‎3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。 ‎ ‎8. 【2018年黑龙江省绥化市中考】She is a teacher__ ________has much teaching experience.‎ A. whose B. who C. whom ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：她是一个教学经验非常丰富的老师。本题考查定语从句的关系词。A. whose谁的 ，在句子中作定语； B. who 谁 在句中作主语 ； C. whom谁（宾格），在句中作宾语；分析句子成分知该空所需的关系词在定语从句中作主语，故选B。‎ ‎9.【2018年黑龙江省绥化市中考】Jim can swim，___________.‎ A. neither can I B. so I can C. so can I ‎【答案】C ‎10.【2018年黑龙江省绥化市中考】Work hard, ____________you'll catch up with your classmates next time A. and B. or C. but ‎【答案】A 11‎ ‎【解析】句意：努力学习，下次你就会赶上你的同学们了。本题考查连词。A. and 表示并列关系；B. or 表示选择关系 ； C. but表示转折关系。“努力学习”和“赶上你的同学们”不存在转折和选择关系，属并列关系，故选A。‎ ‎11.【2018年湖北省恩施州中考】-- Excuse me. Is it my turn now?‎ ‎-- Not yet. Please wait outside ________ your name is called.‎ A. until B. since C. so ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：- 打扰一下。 轮到我了吗？- 还没。请在外面等直到你的名字被叫到。A.直到B.自从C.所以。until用于肯定句中，意为“到…为止”，表示动作一直持续到所说时间为止，本句就是说“到名字被叫到为之，请一直等待”，前半句和后半句中不存在因果关系，排除C，也没有表示“自从”的意味，排除B，故选A。‎ ‎12.【2018年湖北省恩施州中考】-- _______, or you won’t do well in your lessons.‎ ‎-- OK. I will.‎ A. Don’t work hard B. Work hard C. Hard work ‎【答案】B ‎13.【2018年江苏省连云港市】—Do you know ?‎ ‎—On July 15th. So after the exam, you can enjoy most of the matches.‎ A. when will the 2018 Football World Cup end B. when the 2018 Football World Cup will end C. where will the 2018 Football World Cup be held D. where the 2018 Football World Cup will be held ‎【答案】B 11‎ ‎【解析】句意：——你知道2018年足球世界杯什么时候结束吗？——在7月15号，考试以后，你可以欣赏大部分比赛。这是疑问词引导的宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除A/C；根据On July 15th，可知问什么时间；故选B 点睛：疑问词引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，例如：Do you know who they are waiting for?如果主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去的某一个时态，例如：I knew she had swept the floor.如果从句是叙述的客观真理/自然现象时，则不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时态，例如：They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth.‎ ‎14.【2018年江苏省连云港市】The Shape of Water was a big winner at the 90th Academy Awards, winning four Oscars: Best Production Design, Best Score, Best Director and Best Picture.‎ A. as soon as B. as well as C. as much as D. as good as ‎【答案】B ‎15.【2018年江苏省连云港市】— will the project of high-speed railway connecting Xuzhou to Lianyungang be completed?‎ ‎—In about two years.‎ A. How long B. How far C. How soon D. How often ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：——连接徐州和连云港的高铁项目还有多久完成？——大约2年后。A. How long多长，主要对做某事用多长时间进行提问； B. How far 多远，提问两地距离； C. How soon过多久，指将来某个动作发生这段时间提问，常用于一般将来时态中, D. How often多久，对频率进行提问,根据In about two years. 大约2年后，可知问过多久完成；故选C 点睛：how much多少，后用不可数名词；how many多少，后用可数名词复数；how long多长，主要对一段时间进行提问，例如：How long do you wtach TV at weekend?；how often多久，对频率进行提问,例如：How often do you go home?Once a week.；how soon多久，指将来某个动作发生这段时间提问，常用于一般将来时态中,例如:How soon will you come back?‎ ‎16.【2018年江苏省无锡市中考】You do not win respect by showing __________ you are, but what you’re able to do.‎ 11‎ A. where B. who C. how D. when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：你不会因为你是谁而赢得尊重，而是你能做些什么来赢得尊重。A. where在哪里；B. who谁；C. how怎么样；D. when何时。结合句意可知，答案为B。‎ ‎17.【2018年江苏省无锡市中考】—I’m planning to climb Mount Huang this summer. Would you like to come along? ‎ ‎—Wow! That would be exciting __________ challenging. I’m in!‎ A. as well as B. as good as C. as long as D. as far as ‎【答案】A 点睛：（1）as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分，作“也，还”讲，它强调的是前一项，后一项只是顺便提及。因此连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一项一致；而用not only ...but also...连接时，谓语动词与后一项一致，如：‎ Your wife as well as you is friendly to me.不仅你而且你的妻子也对我很友好。‎ ‎（＝Not only you but also your wife is friendly to me.）‎ Electric energy can be changed into light energy as well as into sound energy.‎ 电能既可以被转变成声能,又可以被转变成光能。‎ ‎（2）as well as用来表示同级比较，指“一样好”，如：‎ You look as well as you did ten years ago.你的身体看起来还和十年前一样好。‎ He plays the guitar as well as you. 他的吉他弹得和你一样好。‎ ‎18. 【2018年江苏省无锡市中考】He stayed up very late that night. __________ he woke up in the morning, the sun was already high up in the sky.‎ A. Until B. After C. While D. As ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：那天晚上他熬夜很晚。早晨醒来时，太阳已经高高挂在天上了。A. Until到……为止；B. After在……之后；C. While与…同时，连接的句子必须是延续性动词，通常跟进行时态；D. As当……时候。“he woke up in the 11‎ ‎ morning”是一般过去时态的句子，排除C答案；结合句意可知，此处是as引导的时间状语从句，相当于when，故答案为D。‎ ‎19.【2018年江苏省无锡市中考】—I don’t care __________. In this camp, there’s only one hairstyle-short! Understand?‎ ‎—Yes, madam!‎ A. what you are used to liking B. what you used to be like C. what are you used to liking D. what did you use to be like ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：——我不在乎你以前是什么样子。在这个营地里，只能有短短的一个发型！明白了吗？——明白，夫人！此句连接代词连接的宾语从句，从句应该用陈述句的语序，排除C,D；be used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，used to do过去常常做某事，结合句意可知，答案为B。‎ 点睛：疑问词引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，例如：Do you know who they are waiting for?如果主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去的某一个时态，例如：I knew she had swept the floor.如果从句是叙述的客观真理/自然现象时，则不受主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时态，例如：They knew the sun is much bigger than the earth.‎ ‎20.【2018年江苏省无锡市中考】The air pollution in the small town is getting worse. People have to wear thick masks almost every day. __________ !‎ A. What a shame B. What shame C. What a surprise D. What surprise ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：小城镇的空气污染越来越严重，人们几乎每天都要戴厚厚的口罩。真遗憾！B,D表达错误，What a shame! 真可惜！What a surprise! 多么令人吃惊！结合语境可知，答案为A。 ‎ ‎21.【2018年山东省滨州中考】You are talented young adults are full of hope for the future.‎ A. which B. when C. who D. where ‎【答案】C 点睛：在定语从句中，关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。‎ ‎1) who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：‎ 11‎ Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是想见你的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)‎ He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)‎ ‎2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换)，例如：‎ They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。‎ ‎3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。‎ 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。‎ 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：‎ Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。‎ ‎22.【2018年山东省滨州中考】— convenient it is to live in China!‎ ‎—Yes, we’ve got WeChat, shared bikes, Alipay, etc.‎ A. What a B. What C. How a D. How ‎【答案】D 点睛：判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法：首先，断句。从句子后面向前看，找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分，把句子断开；其次，观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词（词组），还是形容词或副词；再次，加词。若是名词（词组），那么本句由what（a/an）引导；若是形容词或副词，那么本句就由how 引导。‎ ‎23.【2018年山东省滨州中考】—What do you think of your junior high school life?‎ ‎—I think it is enjoyable, I sometimes have some trouble in study.‎ A. if B. though C. while D. until ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：——你觉得你的初中生活怎么样？——我觉得很愉快，虽然我有时在学习上遇到一些困难。A. if 如果；B. though尽管；C. while正当……时候；D. until直到…才。结合语境理解可知，学习中遇到困难与愉快之间表示让步关系，故答案为B。‎ ‎24.【2018年山东省滨州中考】 —Dad, can you tell me ? I miss her very much.‎ 11‎ ‎—Next month, dear.‎ A. when my mum will come back B. when will my mum come back C. how my mum goes to work D. where will my mum go ‎【答案】A 点睛：宾语从句是中考必考的语法项目，主要考查三个方面的内容：语序，连接词和时态。‎ ‎1. 语序 无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都必须使用陈述语序，即“主句＋连词＋宾语从句（主语＋谓语＋……）”句式。‎ ‎2. 连接词 1）当由陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。‎ ‎2）当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。‎ ‎3）如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的特殊疑问词引导。‎ ‎3. 时态 含宾语从句的复合句，主、从句谓语动词的时态呼应应包括以下三点内容：‎ ‎1）如果主句的谓语动词是一般现在时，从句的谓语动词可根据需要，选用相应的任何时态。‎ ‎2）如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语动词只可根据需要，选用过去时态即一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时的某一种形式。‎ ‎3）如果宾语从句所表示的是客观事实、普遍真理、自然现象或习惯性动作等，不管主句用什么时态，从句时态都用一般现在时。‎ ‎25.【2018年上海市中考】 -_____________________‎ ‎- That's a good idea.‎ A. I've got the first prize in the English speech contest.‎ B. I'd like to invite you to my birthday party tomorrow.‎ C. Shall we go to the farm to pick peaches this weekend?‎ D. Would you mind opening the window a bit more?‎ ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：——这个周末我们去农场摘桃子好吗？——真是个好主意。A. I've got the first prize in the English speech contest. 我在英语演讲比赛中得了一等奖。B. I'd like to invite you to my birthday party tomorrow. 明天我想邀请你参加我的生日聚会。C. Shall we go to the farm to pick peaches 11‎ ‎ this weekend? 这个周末我们去农场摘桃子好吗？D. Would you mind opening the window a bit more? 你介意把窗户再打开一点吗？根据答语“真是个好主意。”可知问题句应为一个提议。答案C符合题意。‎ ‎26.【2018年上海市中考】 The self-diving plane proves to be useful in many ways.___smart invention it is!‎ A. What B. What a C. What an D. How ‎【答案】B 点睛：判断感叹句是由what还是how引导的方法：首先，断句。从句子后面向前看，找到“主语+谓语+其他”部分，把句子断开；其次，观察。观察句子前面剩余部分为名词（词组），还是形容词或副词；再次，加词。若是名词（词组），那么本句由what（a/an）引导；若是形容词或副词，那么本句就由how 引导。‎ ‎27.【2018年上海市中考】Mr Black walked around and offered help____we were doing an experiment.‎ A. while B. although C. until D. unless ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】句意：布莱克先生在我们做实验的时候在我们身边走来走去提供帮助。A. while正当……时候；B. although尽管；C. until到……为止；D. unless除非，如果不。while与进行时态连用，故答案为A。‎ ‎28.【2018年上海市中考】Peter spent half a day fishing by the river,______he didn't catch anything.‎ A. so B. or C. for D. but ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：彼得在河边钓了半天鱼，但什么也没钓到。A. so因此；B. or或者，否则；C. for为了；D. but但是。根据句意可知，前后句表示转折关系。故答案为D。‎ 11‎