2012年中考英语语法考点知识复习4 21页

‎2012年中考英语考点4形容词、副词 ‎ (一) 知识概要 形容词的用法很活跃，在英语中用处也很多，但英语中修饰可数名词和不可数名词的修饰语和词组有时不同，要特别加以注意。下面将初中学习阶段中遇到的修饰可数名词的词和词组归纳如下：many, no, several, some, a few, a lot, lots, plenty, plenty of, a lot of, a large number of, enough。而修饰不可数名词的词或词组如下：much, no, some, a lot, a great deal, lots, plenty, a lot of, plenty of。其中some, no, a lot of, plenty of既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词。英语中形容词与副词有原级、比较级、最高级之分，其规则如下： 构词法 原 级 比较级 最高级 ‎ 加er，或est Tall young younger youngest tall taller tallest 只加r或st nice large larger largest nice nicer nicest 重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写该字母加er、est big ‎ fatfatter fattest hot hotter hottest big bigger biggest 不规则变化的形容词或副词： 原 级 比较级 最高级 ‎ good better best ‎ Well better best ‎ bad worse worst ‎ badly worse worst ‎ many more most ‎ 21‎ most more most ‎ little less lest ‎ far farther farthest further furthest ‎ old olderoldest elder eldest 要注意的是许多形容词同时又是副词，如：back, all, alone, either, far, high, slow等。而有些形容词则要经过一定变化才能转为副词，其规律如下： 构词法 形容词 副 词 ‎ 一般加ly ‎ kind kindly Careful carefully 尾是y时将y变成i加ly ‎ Happy Happily busy busily easy easily 其 他 ‎ true truly terrible terribly full fully possible possibly shy shyly whole wholly 在学习过程中要注意其变化。 此外并不是所有副词都可以修饰比较级和最高级形容词。能修饰比较级的有：much, yet, far, still, a great deal, even 和a little. 能修饰最高级的有：the very, much the, far等。 21‎ ‎(二) 正误辨析 ‎［误］ The young likes playing football very much. ‎［正］ The young like playing football very much. ‎［析］ 定冠词加形容词表示一类人，应作复数看待。而定冠词加形容词表示抽象事物时则要看作单数，如：The beautiful is not always kindness.美丽并不总代表善良。 ‎［误］ The danger has gone, so the worst are over. ‎［正］ The danger has gone, so the worst is over. ‎［析］ 意为："危险已经过去，最困难的状况已结束。"用定冠词加最高级形容词作主语时应看作单数形式。 ‎［误］ It is the gold age of the young. ‎［正］ It is the golden age of the young. ‎［析］ golden在英语中多用于比喻，如：golden hair金发，gulden voice金嗓子。而gold多用于表达金质的，如：a gold bar金条，a gold coin金币，但gold fish 金鱼例外。‎ ‎［误］ She is a warm heart woman. ‎［正］ She is a warmhearted woman. ‎［析］英语形容词的构词法很多，其中之一是由形容词，或数词，加名词加ed构成，如：warmhoarted 热心肠的，whitehaired 白毛的 ‎［误］ There is an alive fish in the pool. ‎［正］ There is a living fish in the pool. ‎［析］ 在初中范围内所学到的以a字母开头的形容词一般不能作定语，只能作表语。如：The fish is alive.(鱼还活着)这样的形容词有：alive, alike, alone, asleep, afraid, awake等。 ‎［误］ The ill man nearly died. ‎［正］ The sick man nearly died. ‎［析］ ill一般不作定语来形容某人有病，而要用sick，但作表语时则都可以。如：He is ill sick, ill作定语时则另有他意，如：ill luck (厄运)，ill nature(天性恶劣),ill temper(心绪不好) ‎［误］ I have important something to tell you. ‎［正］ I have something important to tell you. ‎［析］ 不定代词something, anyone, somebody…在用形容词修饰时，形容词应放其后。但要注意thing则不是不定代词，不符合上述规律。如：I have an important thing to tell you. ‎［误］ I'll be free on next Sunday. 21‎ ‎［正］ I'll be free next Sunday. ‎［析］ 在表达将来时的时候：next Sunday, next week, next year或last Sunday last week, last year前都不加介词。 ‎［误］ The girl is twoyear old. ‎［正］ The girl is two years old. ‎［正］ She is a twoyearold girl ‎［析］ 由连字符连接若干名词、数词……组成的形容词，在学习时要记住两点，其一是这些词中的名词都不要用复数形式，如：twothousandword report(两千字的报告)；其二是这样构成的形容词只能作定语，即用于名词之前，而不能作表语。 ‎［误］ The foreigners like those little beautiful Chinese paintings. ‎［正］ The foreigners like those beautiful little Chinese paintings. ‎［析］ 在名词前若有几个形容词作修饰语时，其顺序如下。 ‎1. 指示代词，定冠词 2. 数量词 3. 性质词 4. 大小 5. 形状 6. 老少，新旧 7. 颜色 8. 材料 但要注意的是英语的习惯是一个名词前的形容词一般不要多于三个。 如： What a pretty little white horse! Those first few short English stories were not difficult to understand.  ‎［误］ The best way to learn English good is to speak with Englishman every day.‎ ‎［正］ The best way to learn English well is to speak with Englishman every day.‎ ‎［析］ good是形容词，这里是修饰动词speak的，所以应用副词well，但well作形容词讲时只作身体好。如：He is well.(他身体很好)。He is good.(他是个好人)。 ‎［误］ The children play on the grass nappyly. ‎［正］ The children play on the grass happily ‎［析］ 多音节y结尾的形容词变为副词时应将y变为i再加ly. ‎［误］ The teacher looked angry at the students. ‎［正］ The teacher looked angrily at the students. ‎［析］ 英语中感观动词后面要接形容词，这时它是修饰主语的，如：The food smells good.食物闻起来很香。The teacher looked angry 老师看起来很生气。 而此句的意思为："老师生气地看着学生"，所以应用副词形式。 ‎［误］ He worked with me friendly. 21‎ ‎［正］ He was friendly to me. ‎［析］ 不是所有结尾是ly的词都是副词，但friendly是形容词，这样的词还有lovely, lonely, costly, lively…monthly weekly…。但其中有些词既是副词，又是形容词，如：early, hourly, monthly… ‎［误］ You can speak free in front of your friends. ‎［正］ You can speak freely in front of your friends. ‎［析］ free作为形容词意为"自由的，有空闲的，免费的"。作为副词讲则是"免费"之意。而freely作为副词则是"自由的，随便的"。这些要注意的词还有：hard 努力，艰苦 hardly 几乎不 late 迟，晚lately 最近的，最新的 near 近 nearly 几乎like 像 likely 几乎 ‎［误］ They must have arrived till now. ‎［正］ They must have arrived by now. ‎［析］ by now是用于表达到目前为止某一动作已经发生，所以应用瞬间动词。而till now是强调某一动作一直持续到现在，所以一定要用持续性动词。must have+过去分词是对过去某一事情所作的肯定推测。 ‎［误］ Someone called you right now. ‎［正］ Someone called you just now. ‎［析］ just now有两个意思，其一是"刚才"，其二是"现在"，而right now只能用于现在的状态。just则用于完成时态，如： I have just finished my homework. ‎［误］ My father will be back from America at present. ‎［正］ My father will be back from America presently. ‎［析］ presently有两个意思：其一是最近，不久，其二在美语中是现在之意，与at present相同。而for the present为暂时，如： I teach English in the school for the present.‎ ‎［误］ I'll be back at the moment. ‎［正］ I'll be back in a moment. ‎［析］ at the moment 其意为"现在，当时"，而in a moment意为"马上过一会"，与in a minute意思相近。 ‎［误］ The train from Shanghai will arrive here in time. ‎［正］ The train from Shanghai will arrive here on time. ‎［析］ on time为"准时"，而in time有两个含意。其一是"及时"，如：The doctor arrived in time。其二是"将来，终究"。 21‎ ‎［误］ I met an old friend sometimes last month. ‎［正］ I met an old friend sometime last month. ‎［析］ Sometime 过去，或者将来某时。Sometimes 有时 如： Sometimes I go to school by bus.Some time 一些时间  如： I need sometime to do my homework. Some times 几次  如： I went to Shanghai sometimes this month. at times 有时，偶尔 at all times 经常 some other time 改天  ‎［误］ I had met an old friend three days ago. ‎［正］ I had met an old friend three days before. ‎［正］ I met an old friend three days ago. ‎* ago 用在时间状语中时，主句中谓语动词一般用过去时，而before用于时间状语时则主句的谓语动词宜用完成时态。 ‎［误］ He studied very hard. and at the end he passed the exam. ‎［正］ He studied very hard, and in the end he passed the exam. ‎［析］ in the end＝at last 意为"最终，终于"，表达经过若干努力而达到的结果。而at the end是在某事的结束时如何如何，如：At the end of class, the teacher gave us some story books。 ‎［误］ I will come here to help you each three days. ‎［正］ I will come here to help you every three days. ‎［析］ every three days 为"每三天"，即每隔二天，而every other day为每隔一天。‎ ‎［误］ He didn't go to the cinema yesterday. and I didn't go, too. ‎［正］ He didn't go to the cinema yesterday and I didn't go either. ‎［析］ 英语中表示"也"，有4个字，also, as well, too, either，但either用于否定句中，而前3个用于肯定句中。在肯定句中too与as well一般要用在句尾，而also则可用于句中。如：She went to the party and her boy friend went there too. 又如： I've also read her other novels. ‎［误］ We should help the poor girl in anyway. ‎［正］ We should help the poor girl in any way. ‎［析］ anyway为"不管怎么"讲，"无论如何"，如：What a terrible accident, anyway no one was hurt. 21‎ any way 为"任何方式"。这种常见的错误还发生在以下几组词中，如： everyday 日常的 every day 每天 faraway 遥远的 far away 远离 altogether 总计 all together 一块，大家一起 already 已经 all ready 全准备好了 ‎［误］ You can come to the doctor's at anytime. ‎［正］ You can come to the doctor's at any time. ‎［析］ anytime 是副词 而any time中的time是名词。 ‎［误］ She said nearly nothing. ‎［正］ She said almost nothing. ‎［析］ nearly 与 almost的含意相近，在很多场合可以互换，但在否定词前用almost。‎ ‎［误］ There are too much mistakes in your homework. ‎［正］ There are too many mistakes in your homework. ‎［析］ too much 后接不可数名词，如：There is too much water for the flowers. 而too many 后加可数名词，much too 后面加形容词，如：It is much too difficult to learn English well. ‎［误］ It is late enough that we can go home now. ‎［正］ It is late enough for us to go home now. ‎［析］ 要注意的是enough后面一般不接从句而接不定式，或不定式的复合结构：for somebody to do something。 ‎［误］ The twins are very alike. ‎［正］ The twins are much alike. ‎［析］ 用a为首字母的形容词不能用very修饰，一般要用much来修饰。 ‎［误］ - How long does he write to his parents? ‎- Once a week.  ‎［正］ - How often does he write to his parents? ‎- Once a week.  ‎［析］ 英文与中文表达法不同，隔多长时间办一次某事，实际上问的是该事发生的频率，所以要用how often。 ‎［误］ As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call up you. ‎［正］ As soon as I arrive in New York, I'll call you up. 21‎ ‎［析］ 当动词词组的宾语是人称代词时则一定要放于动词之后，如果是名词则可以放在词组其后。如：I want to watch TV. Please turn on the TV. 也可以讲： Please turn the TV on. ‎［误］ He drove quickly his new car. ‎［正］ He drove his new car quickly. ‎［析］ 副词在句中的位置很活，但主要有以下几种用法：①实意动词之前，如：He quickly give me the answer. ② 在be动词之后，如：The little boy is often late for class. ③ 第一助动词之后，如：This book has almost been finished. ④ 在单独使用的be动词和助动词之前，如： Can you help me this afternoon? I certainly can.但是无论如何也不能将副词置于动词与宾语之间，如果是宾语从句或是很长的名词 词组作宾语则才可以这样用： He heard clearly what the teacher said. ‎［误］ The children came late yesterday to the cinema. ‎［正］ The children came late to the cinema yesterday. ‎［析］ 表示一定长度的时间的副词不应放于句中，可放于句尾。如果表示强调则可放于句首。‎ ‎［误］ You have few new books, haven't you? ‎［正］ you have few new books, have you? ‎［析］ 英语中的数量形容词有两组。修饰可数名词的有few(很少，几乎没有)，a few(有一些，几个)；修饰不可数名词的有little (很少，几乎没有)，a little(有一点，有一些)。要注意的是当few和little用于句中时应看作否定句，而 a few 和a little 用于句中时则应看作是肯定句。‎ ‎［误］ He spent quite little money on his food. ‎［正］ He spent quite a little money on his food. ‎［析］ quite a 为一固定用法，其意为"十分，相当，所以"。 quite a few＝many, quite a little＝much 而only a little＝little, only a few=few. ‎［误］ Do you want to have many bread? ‎［正］ Do you want to have some bread? ‎［析］ some与any都可以用作形容词、副词或代词，在一般情况下，some用于肯定句，any用于疑问句和否定句，但在希望得到肯定答复时，应用some。 其次是some 可以用来修饰可数名词和不可数名词。 21‎ ‎［误］ Please tell me where the shoes shop is? ‎［正］ Please tell me where the shoe shop is. ‎［析］ 在用名词作修饰词来修饰另一名词时，这个作修饰词的名词应用单数形式，如： a shoe shop 鞋店 ‎ a fruit shop 水果店 ‎ a book shop 书店 a post office 邮局 ‎ a police station 警察局 ‎ a bus stop 汽车站 ‎［误］ He is weak at physics. ‎［正］ He is weak in physics. ‎［析］ 在表达擅长于作某事时用be good at something, 而其反意词为be bad at something， 但be weak in something。 ‎［误］ This dictionary is worth to buy. ‎［正］ This dictionary is worth buying. ‎［析］ be worth 后可接动、名词表达值得作某事，又可接价格、金钱表示值多少钱。 ‎［误］ Don't afraid of that. ‎［正］ Don't be afraid of that. ‎［析］ afraid 在英文中是形容词而不是动词。这样的词组还有： be afraid of 害怕 be careful of 小心 be certain of 有把握，确定 be sure of 确信 be glad of 高兴 be sick of 厌恶 be fond of 喜欢 ‎［误］ The work has already been done well. ‎［正］ The work has already been well done. ‎［析］ well 与badly作副词时，表示好坏，如果句子是被动语态，则应放在过去分词之前，如：This machine has been badly damaged. 如果句子是主动语态，则应放于句末，如：I did my homework well. ‎［误］ We are yet in the classroom now. ‎［正］ We are already in the classroom now. 21‎ ‎［析］ already主要用于肯定句，而yet多用于否定句和疑问句中，如：‎ Did you finish it? No. not yet. ‎［误］ Look. Here comes he! ‎［正］ Look! Here he comes! ‎［误］ Look! Here the bus comes! ‎［正］ Look! Here comes the bus! ‎［析］ 在句子开头用Here时，如主语是人称代词则不要用倒装语序，如果主语是名词则要用倒装语序。 ‎［误］ She is my older sister. ‎［正］ She is my elder sister. ‎［析］ elder 和eldest是用来指家庭中兄弟姐妹的长幼关系，而older, oldest 则是指岁数大多少，如：She is three years older than I. ‎［误］ I'm tired. I can't go further. ‎［正］ I'm tired. I can't go farther. ‎［析］ far有两个比较级 farther 较远的，further 进一步的，如：Do you need any further explanation? 你需要进一步的解释吗?当然它也有两个最高级。farthest和furthest. ‎［误］ I went to Beijing University five years before. ‎［正］ I went to Beijing University five years ago. ‎［析］ ago常与过去时连用，而before则多与完成时连用。 ‎［误］ - Have you finished your homework? ‎- No, not already.  ‎［正］ - Have you finished your homework? ‎- No, not yet.  ‎［析］ 仍然有三个英文字可以表达它们是already， yet 与 still。 要注意的是 already经常用于肯定句中，如The bus has already gone。 而yet 多用于疑问句和否定句中，如：Have you finished your homework yet? 而still则常用于主语与谓语动词之间，如：We still can't decide what to do. 但也有时用于be 动词之后，如：He is still here. ‎［误］ He is very higher than I am. ‎［正］ He is much higher than I am. ‎［析］ much可以用来修饰比较级，而very则用来修饰形容词原级，如：I'm very tired.‎ 21‎ ‎［误］ - Can I walk to the station?- You'd better not. It is very far.  ‎［正］ - Can I walk to the station? ‎- You'd better not, It is a long way.  ‎［析］ for一般用在疑问句与否定句中，如：How far is it from here to the station? 又如：It isn't far. ‎［误］ I've ever been to America. ‎［正］ I've been to America once. ‎［析］ once 多用于肯定句，而ever则用于疑问句，否定句，及条件状语从句中，如：Have you ever been to London? ‎［误］ - Could you pass the exam this time? ‎- No, I am not afraid so.  ‎［正］ - Could you pass the exam this time? ‎- No, I'm afraid not.  ‎［析］ 在肯定的答语中我们可以用so来代替上句所讲的事件，如：Do you think she is a good student? Yes I think so, /I hope so, /I believe so/ I'm afraid so.但在否定的答语中，英语口语的习惯用法则有所不同，如，I don't think so 而在hope, belive 与 afraid后则常用not， 如：I hope not. ‎［误］ She didn't work enough hard, so she couldn't pass the exam. ‎［正］ She didn't work hard enough, so she couldn't pass the exam. ‎［析］ enough 可以作名词用，如：Enough has been said for how to learn English well. (对于如何学好英语已经讲的足够多了。)另外它可以作为形容词，如：I have enough money (or money enough) to buy this dictionary. 注意 enough作为形容词时即可放于名词前又可放于名词后，在初中范围的考题中多用于名词之前。如果enough 作为副词用，那么它一定要放在被修饰的形容词或副词之后。 ‎［误］ You can't be very careful. ‎［正］ You can't be too careful. ‎［析］ 此句话的含意是你如何小心也不过分。too…to的用法是"太……以至于不能作某事"。但在实际应用时也常常将后面的to省去，如：It is too expensive for me.那对我来讲是太贵了。 ‎［误］ He is good past fifty. 21‎ ‎［正］ He is well past fifty. ‎［析］ well 作为副词用时除用于"好"之外还有"大大地、远远地"，等意。往往有人对下面两句的对或错有争议； He is well. He is good. 其实这两句都是正确的表达法，只不过其含意不同。He is well是"他身体不错"，而He is good 则为"他是个好人"。 ‎［误］ She is not as half clever as her brother. ‎［正］ She is not half as clever as her brother. ‎［析］ 在as…as结构中要将修饰形容词的数量词倍数及nearly, almost, exactly… 等置于第一个as之前。 ‎［误］ He is same age as Tom. ‎［正］ He is the same age as Tom. ‎［析］ the same…as是固定的用法，其中定冠词the是不可省也不能换成别的词的。 ‎［误］ Mother and her daughter are exactly like. ‎［正］ Mother and her daughter are exactly alike. ‎* like 作为介词，其意为"像"，应用于 look like, be like, sound like, 其后要加宾语。而 alike 是形容词，或副词，如: You and I think alike. The twins are dressed alike。 但 alike 仅作表语而不能用于名词前作定语。 ‎［误］ Who is taller of the two? ‎［正］ Who is the taller of the two? ‎［析］ 两者的比较级之前要加定冠词。 ‎［误］ I have less books than Tom. ‎［正］ I have fewer books than Tom. ‎［析］ less 是 little的比较级，而fewer是few的比较级。less后应加不可数名词而fewer后是可数名词。 ‎［误］ There are three girls in my group. The cleverer is Mary. ‎［正］ There are three girls in my group. The cleverest is Mary. ‎［析］ 在两者之间应用比较级，在三者之间或三者以上的范围内应用最高级。 ‎［误］ The boy sat there as quiet as his sister. 21‎ ‎［正］ The boy sat there as quietly as his sister. ‎［析］ as…as的用法要注意的是：①在其中间应加形容词或副词的原级，而不可加比较级，也有的语法书中称为同级比较。②要根据句意决定是加形容词还是副词，这要看它具体是修饰动词还是名词而定，如：He is as good as his friend. ‎［误］ The harder you study, and you can learn more. ‎［正］ The harder you study, the more you can learn. ‎［析］ 英文中如果要表达越来越怎样，在初中范围有两种表达法：①比较级+and+比较级。②定冠词+比较级……，如：The nights are getting longer and longer。 要注意的是多音节形容词的比较级前要加more，这样的用法是：more and more 加形容词，如：The girl is growing more and more beautiful. ‎［误］ Studying physics is not so interesting as to learn English. ‎［正］ Studying physics is not so interesting as learning English. ‎［析］ 在作比较时，英语一般要求对比的两部分结构应一致。如用动名词，应都用动名词，用不定式时则都用不定式。但有时在后一个不定式前的符号to可以省略。如：To repair the old one is as much expensive as (to) buy a new one. ‎［误］ The girl is more cleverer than the boy. ‎［正］ The girl is much more clever (much cleverer) than the boy. ‎［析］ clever有两个比较级：cleverer和more clever,要注意的是不能用比较级来修饰比较级。clever的两个比较级也各有不同之处，如用在两种不同性质的比较时多用more clever,如：He is more clever than honest. (他的聪明要远远超过其诚实。) ‎［析］ The boy is the tallest to the three. ‎［正］ The boy is the tallest of the three. ‎［析］ 最高级的范围要用of加复数形式或加集合名词。 ‎［误］ This book is one of the most useful dictionary. ‎［正］ This book is one of the most useful dictionaries. ‎［析］ 在one of 后面最高级形容词后要加可数名词复数。 ‎［误］ This dictionary is the much best one of the EnglishChinese dictionaries.‎ ‎［正］ This dictionary is much the best one of the EnglishChinese dictionaries. ‎ ‎［析］ 在修饰最高级时应用 far/by far/much 加the加最高级。但very例外，如：He is the very best player in the team. 21‎ ‎［误］ Shanghai is bigger than any other cities in China. ‎［正］ Shanghai is bigger than any other city in China. ‎［析］ 在比较级中表示比较对象时如用any other其后一般要加单数名词。 ‎［误］ Most of stories in this book are written in English. ‎［正］ Most of the stories in this book are written in English. ‎［正］ Most stories in this book are written in English. ‎［析］ "大多数"一词的表达法有most of the +名词，或most+名词。当用前一种结构时，其后面的定冠词不可少。 ‎［误］ The temperature of that room is higher than this room. ‎［正］ The temperature of that room is higher than that of this room. ‎［析］ 比较级用于两句话之间时，比较的部分不可省略掉，但为了避免重复，一般都要用that代替前面的单数名词，而用those代替前面的复数名词，如：The books in that box are bigger than those in this box。 ‎［误］ He is no more here. Maybe he is at home. ‎［正］ He is no longer here. Maybe he is at home. ‎［析］ no more在现代英语中多译为："从此再也不会了"，如：His voice is no more here. 他已经去世了，他的声音不可能再出现了。而用no longer 表达目前的状态。要注意下面几组句子的实际含意：This room is no cleaner than that one.即两间屋子都不干净。(两者都不干净) This room is not cleaner than that one,即这屋子不如那间干净。(前者不如后者干净。即一间干净，一间不干净。) ‎(三) 例题解析 ‎1 I think Chinese is ＿＿＿ than maths. Ａ. interesting B more interesting C. most interesting D. the most interesting  ‎［答案］ B.  ‎［析］ 在有than作比较的句子中应用形容词的比较级。 ‎2 - What does Lucy like better, singing or dancing? ‎- Singing. of course. She's known to ＿＿＿ it. A. be good at B. be good for ‎ C. be bad at D. be bad for  21‎ ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ be good at为固定搭配，意为"擅长作某事"。初中英语中有些这样的固定用法应记牢，而不能似是而非。如：be good at, be bad at, be poor in, be week in, be fit for ‎3 The Huang He River is one of ＿＿＿ in China. A. The long river B. the longest river C. the longest rivers D. the longer river  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎［析］ 在one of + 定冠词+最高级之后的名词应用复数形式。 ‎4 The girl was ＿＿＿ afraid ＿＿＿ she threw her bag away. A. so, that B. too, to C. too, that D. enough, to  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ so…that为"如此怎样以至于如何"，此句意思是：小女孩如此害怕以至于扔下包跑掉了。而too…to的意思为"如何如何，以至于不能作某事"。但to的后面是动词原形，而不是从句。 ‎5 It was ＿＿＿ yesterday than today. A. hot B. hoter ‎ C. hotter D. the hottest  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎［析］ 用than表达比较的句中应用比较级 。 ‎6 Which subject do you like ＿＿＿ , English Chinese or maths? A. best B. well ‎ C. better D. good  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ 在两者之间应用比较级，而在三者之间或三者以上用最高级。 ‎7 None of the students watched it ＿＿＿ . A. careful enough B. enough carefully ‎ C. carefully enough D. enough careful  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎［析］‎ 21‎ ‎ 首先应判定是选用用来修饰名词的形容词还是用来修饰动词的副词。这里是修饰watch这一动词，应选用副词。当enough用来修饰副词或形容词时应放于被修饰的形容词或副词之后。 ‎8 ＿＿＿ she eats, ＿＿＿ she'll be. A. More…fat B. The more…fatter C. More…the fatter D. The more…the fatter  ‎［答案］ D.  ‎［析］ the+比较级表示"越来越……"本句应译为：她吃得越多，她就会越胖。 ‎9 I don't think English is ＿＿＿ Chinese. A. as important as B. not important as C. not so important D. important as  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ think+宾语从句时，应采用否定主句的形式，如：中文讲，"我认为你不对"，英文应为："我不认为你对"。 I don't think you are right. 所以不能选答案B。而C、D均为不正确的表达法。 ‎10 Miss Gao is a good English teacher. The students in her class ＿＿＿ English.A. are interested in B. are interesting in C. are interested at D. are interesting to  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ 过去分词常用来修饰人，而现在分词常用来修饰物，如：an interesting book， 实际上过去分词含有被动之意，如：interested 其含意是"被……所吸引，感动"。而interesting 则为"使人感兴趣的"，如：an interesting man 一个有趣、风趣的人。 ‎11 The twins are together most of the time. So they never feel ＿＿＿ . A. alone B. lonely ‎ C. happily D. friendly  ‎［答案］ B.  ‎［析］ alone意为"独自的，一个人的"，它只能作表语不能作定语。I am not alone in doing such a thing.而lonely 意为"寂寞的，孤单的"，如：The old man felt lonely. 要体会两个词的区别，如：The old man lived alone, but he didn't feel lonely. ‎12 What a ＿＿＿ cough! You seem ＿＿＿ ill. A. terrible, terribly B. terribly, terrible C. terrible, terrible D. terribly, terribly  21‎ ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ terrible是形容词，而terribly是副词，第一个空是修饰名词的，所以应填入形容词。第二个空ill是形容词，这里terribly 是用来修饰ill的。 ‎13 The two friends were ＿＿＿ pleased to see each other that they forgot everything. A. so B. too ‎ C. very D. much  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ 这里用的是so…that的固定搭配。 ‎14 Which is ＿＿＿ , Li Lei's box or Han Meimei's box? A. heavy B. heavier ‎ C. more heavier D. the heaviest  ‎［答案］ B.  ‎［析］ 两者之间用比较级，三者或以上用最高级。 ‎15 You don't like the same colours and I don't like them, ＿＿＿ . A. too B. also ‎ C. either D. neither  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎［析］ 在否定句中也应用either, 而不要用too，因too用于肯定句中。 ‎16 Jim is ＿＿＿ at all his lessons. And I'm sure he'll do very ＿＿＿ in the exams. A. well, good B. good, well ‎ C. well, well D. good, good  ‎［答案］ B.  ‎［析］ good为形容词，如：He is good. 他是个好人。而well作为身体状况的好坏讲时是形容词，如：He is well为他身体不错，而作为其他意思时为副词，如：He speaks English well. ‎17 You look ＿＿＿ than before， why? A. more thin B. more thinner ‎ C. much more thin D. much thinner  ‎［答案］ D.  ‎［析］‎ 21‎ ‎ 多音节形容词才用more或most加形容词来表示其比较级或最高级，而thin的比较级为thinner。 ‎18 Let's go out for supper now. I'm very ＿＿＿ . A. hungry B. angry ‎ C. tired D. thirsty  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ hungry-饿，angry-生气，tired-紧，疲劳，thirsty-口渴。要注意名词的词义。 ‎19 - Can you understand me? ‎- Sorry, I can ＿＿＿ understand you. A. hardly B. almost ‎ C. even D. ever  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ hardly为一否定词，用在句中时应被看作是否定句。在答语中Sorry决定了其意为"听不明白"，所以只能选 hardly。 ‎20 "＿＿＿ do you write to your penfriend?" ‎"About twice a month." A. How often B. How soon ‎ C. How much D. How long  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ how often用来提问某一动作经多久就要发生一次，也就是提问发生的频率。how soon是问从现在起还有多久。 ‎21 Changjiang River is ＿＿＿ river in China  A. long B. longer ‎ C. longest D. the longest  ‎［答案］ D.  ‎22 I'll work ＿＿＿ I can. A. so hardly as B. so hard as ‎ C. as hardly as D. as hard as  ‎［答案］ D.  ‎［析］ hard可用作形容词和副词，如：The desk was made of hard wood 又如：It is raining hard。 而 hardly 是副词，其词义是"几乎不"，如：Hardly did I sleep last night.‎ 21‎ ‎ 我昨晚几乎没有睡觉。而且hardly用于句首时要采用倒装语序。as…as即可以用于肯定句，也可以用于否定句，但so…as则只能用于否定句中。 ‎23 It is very ＿＿＿ to listen to him. A. interested B. interesting ‎ C. interested in D. interest  ‎［答案］ B.  ‎［析］ interest作为名词有两个词义，①兴趣，②银行中所讲的利息。而其形容词 interesting是"使人感兴趣的"，而interested是"感兴趣的"如：He is interested in English. ‎24 Things are ＿＿＿ worse than I thought. A. more B. few ‎ C. very D. much  ‎［答案］ D.  ‎［析］ 只有much可以修饰比较级。 ‎25 It is one o'clock, but her father hasn't come back ＿＿＿ . A. already B. still ‎ C. too D. yet  ‎［答案］ D.  ‎［析］ 完成时的否定句尾要用yet， 而already则用于肯定句。 ‎26 Comrade Chen is ＿＿＿ older than I.  A. very B. more ‎ C. much D. quite  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎［析］ 只有much可以修饰比较级。可以修饰比较级的词还有much, far, even a little, by far等。 ‎27 She did her homework ＿＿＿ . A. carefully B. careful ‎ C. care D. careless  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ 这里应填入副词，而careless是由care加less后辍得来的，less意为"没有"，是否定之意，如：careless-不小心，homeless-无家可归。而carefully为副词。 21‎ ‎28 They can't answer the question in Japanese; we can't answer it, ＿＿＿ .A. also B. too ‎ C. either D. neither  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎29 - How are your parents? ‎- They are very ＿＿＿ , thank you. A. good B. kind ‎ C. well D. happy  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎［析］ 由问句得知其询问的是身体如何，所以well作为身体状况不错时应视为形容词。30 Peter runs ＿＿＿ in our class. A. the fast B. faster ‎ C. fastest D. most fast  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎［析］ 副词的最高级前可以加定冠词，也可以不加定冠词。 ‎31 We were all ＿＿＿ glad that we sang and danced. A. such B. so ‎ C. very D. quite  ‎［答案］ B.  ‎［析］ 在so与that之间只有形容词时不可用such。 ‎32 Kate sings ＿＿＿ Joan. A. as well as B. as good as ‎ C. so good as D. as better as  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ 这里well为副词，意为"唱得好"。 ‎33 This egg smells ＿＿＿ , though it looks all right. A. good B. well ‎ C. bad D badly  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎［析］ smell为系动词，其后应加形容词，而不是副词。同样的词，还有sound， feel, seem、become(变成)等等，如：Ice feels cold in winter. 21‎ ‎34 Wait a minute, I have ＿＿＿ to tell you. A. something interested B. something interesting C. interesting something D. anything interesting  ‎［答案］ B.  ‎［析］ 修饰不定代词的修饰词要放在不定代词之后。 ‎35 I shall visit you ＿＿＿ next year. A. sometimes B. sometime ‎ C. some time D. some times  ‎［答案］ B.  ‎［析］ sometimes 有时，sometime 某一时刻，some time 一段时间， some times 若干次 ‎36 My sister said she would try to speak ＿＿＿ English every day. A. a little B. a few ‎ C. litttle D. few  ‎［答案］ A.  ‎［析］ little修饰不可数名词，而a little意为"一些，一点"。 ‎37 I have ＿＿＿ friends here and I often visit them. A. few B. little ‎ C. a few D. a little  ‎［答案］ C.  ‎［析］ a few意为"有些"，few后面要加可数名词复数。 ‎38 Of all these books, do you think, which one is ＿＿＿ ? A. interesting B. much interesting C. more interesting D. the most interesting  ‎［答案］ D.  ‎［析］ Of all these books 是用来表示最高级的范围 21‎