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中考总复习之
数词
努力学习是成功的种子
中考考试说明要求掌握
1
基数词(
cardinal number
)
2
序数词(
ordinal number
)
数词
数词就是表示事物的数量和顺序的词,分基数词和序数词两种。
一
.
基数词
表示数量多少
的词是
基数词
,如:
one, two,
three
等。
构成
方法如下:
1
)从
1
-
12
分别由从
one
到
twelve12
个各不相同的词表示。
2
)从
13
-
19
均以后缀
-teen
结尾。
3
)从
20
-
90
的整十数词均以后缀
-ty
结尾。表示“几十几”时,个位和十位之间需加连字符,如
twenty-one, thirty-two, forty-three
等。
4
)数字的写法和读法:
⑴十位与个位之间要加连字符“
-”
;
⑵百位和十位之间要加
and
;
⑶三位数以上的数,从个位往前数,每三位数加一个逗号“,”,从后往前数的第一个逗号代表
thousand
,
第二个逗号代表
million
,
第三个逗号是
billion
,注意这几个词不能用复数形式,后也不能加
and
。
5
)表示具体、准确的数目时,
hundred,
thousand, million
等数词后不能加
-s,
如
:
five hundred, six thousand, seven million
等。
6
)当
hundred, thousand
等数词与
of
连用,表示不具体、不准确的数目时,词尾须加
-s
。如:
thousands of students, millions of trees.
二
.
序数词
1
)不规则变化,记住
1---10
的序数词
。
2
)以
-ty
结尾的表示“几十”的基数词,先把
y
变为
i
,再加
-eth
3
)表示“第几十几”时,十位数的“几十”仍用基数词,只把个位部分变成序数词就行了。
4
)除上述情况外,均在词尾加
-th
,
如
ten tenth one hundred
one hundredth
基数词变序数词顺口溜:
一、二、三,特殊记
f
代替
v
和
e
八去
t
,九去
e
整十变
y
为
ie
几十几变化个位就可以末尾
th
别忘记
三
.
数词的用法
(一)表示事物的编号
基数词放到名词的后边
,
该名词一般要大写;序数词放到名词的前面,加定冠词。
第一课
Lesson 1/ the first lesson. Row 3/ the third row
(二)年、日、时刻表达方法。
“年”用基数词,“日”用序数词,前要加定冠词。读的顺序是月日年。如:
1990
年
5
月
2
日读作:
May the second, nineteen ninety
。
“时刻”用基数词表达,同时要注意以下两点。
1.
表示“整点”时,在基数词后加
o’clock;
9:00 o’clock.
2.
分钟小于或等于
30
分钟的,用“分钟数+
past
+钟点数”形式;分钟数大于
30
分钟的,用“到下一个钟点所差的分钟数+
to
+下一个钟点数”形式
,
也可以依次读钟点数和分钟数。
7:20 twenty past seven
或
seven twenty
.
3.
注意两个特殊的表示时间的单位词:
30
分钟用
half
,
15
分钟用
a quarter
,如:
6:30
读作:
half past six
5:45
读作:
a quarter to six
6:15
读作:
a quarter past six
(三)分数的表达方法
表示分数时,分子用基数,分母用序数,分子
大于
1
,分母用复数。分数修饰名词时,后用
of
短语。如:
1/3 one third of teachers
3/7 three sevenths of the boys
1/2, 1/4
分别用
a half
和
a quarter
表示。
(四)“基数词-名词-形容词”结构
“基数词-名词-形容词”只能用来放到名词前作定语。如:
She is a 3-year-old girl.
They live in a 7-storey-high building
.
注:这种结构中名词不能用复数,同时只能作定语。用作表语时,不用连字符,名词有复数。如:
Tony is 10 years old this year.
Tony is a 10-year-old boy.
比赛规则
比赛共三个部分
,
基础抢答题
,
中考典型题和附加冒险题
.
2.
回答问题时先举手
,
回答正确根据题目的难度得到相应的分数
.
3.
哪组抢到问题了
,
可以集体回答
,
也可以有组长指定人回答
.
举手必须在老师发出
“Go”
后
,
方可抢答
.
加油哟
!
输了可要惩罚的哦
……
基础抢答题
中考典型题
附加冒险题
1.
基数词和序数词
(
乌鲁木齐
)
Dick, it is the ________ time in ________ days that you’ve made the same mistake.(
5
分
)
A. two, three B. second , three
C. two, third D. second, third
[
解题技巧
]
以此立意的试题要求考生能正确使用基数词和序数词:
基数词用来表达事物的量;序数词用来表达事物的顺序。
本题的第一空表示顺序用序数词
second
;第二空用基数词
three
,答案为
B
。
B
2.
分数
(苏州)
It is said that the gravity(
引力
) on Mars is only about __________ of the gravity on earth.(
5
分
)
A. three
-
eighths B. third
-
eighth
C. three
-
eights D. third
-
eight
[
解题技巧
]
以此立意的试题考查考生能否正确使用分数:
分子在前用基数,分母在后用序数。分子大于一,分母用复数,分子与分母之间可以用连字符连起来也可以不用连字符,如
two thirds
或
two-thirds
;当分数修饰名词作定语时,后要跟
of
,如:
two thirds of students
三分之二的学生
本题的选项中只有
A
项正确。
A
3. hundred,thousand,million,billion
等单位数词
-
How many people will come to Beijing next year?
-
It’s hard to say, ________ people, I think.(
5
分
)
A. million of B. millions of
C. three millions D. three millions of (2009
芜湖
)
[
解题技巧
]
以此立意的试题考查考生能否正确使用
hundred
等单位数词。
表示单位的数词用法分两种情况:
1
)当放在具体的数字后边,表示具体的“百、千、百万、十亿”时,不能用复数形式,可以直接修饰名词复数,如
two thousand students
;
2
)当表示大概的“几百、几千、几百万、几十亿”时,用“复数形式+
of”
结构,前边不能用具体的数字,如:
thousands of students
。
本题中只有
B
项正确。
B
4
.“
基数词-名词-形容词”结构
In the past twenty years, many tall buildings have been built in our city. look! This is a
______(
5
分
)
(
09
年天津中考
)
A. 70-floor building B.7O-floors building
C. 70-floor buildings D.7O floors building
[
解题技巧
]
“
基数词+可数名词单数”中间用连字符连接,一般用作定语修饰名词,相当于“数词+名词所有格”.
A
返回
----Which is the smallest number of the four ?
---- ________(
4
分
)
A. two-thirds B. A half
C. A quarter D. Three-fourths
解题思路
:
1/4
<
1/2
<
2/3
<
3/4
(C)
<
(B)
<
(A)
<
(D)
C
Sydney Tower
(宁波中考)
(
阅读理解
)
Addess:100 Market St, Sydney
Phone
:
0293339222 Fax
:
02 9333 9203
Open time:9:00 am to 10:30 pm (Saturday to 11:30 pm)
Ticket:
$
60
(
for an adult
) $
30 (for a child)
Website: www. Sydneytower. com.au
How to get there: train to Town hall Station and
a short walk along Market Street
How to book a ticket: by phone/fax or through the web
Attracions:Sydney’s best views are just the beginning! Sydney Tower takes you to the highest point above Sydney for exciting 3600 view of our beautiful city
.
( )1. If you want to book(
预定
) a ticket to Sydney
Tower, you can’t
.
A. email
sydneytower@hotmail.com
.
B. fax 029333 9203
C.search
www.sydneytower.com.au
D.dial 029333 9222
( ) 2.Frank wants to go to Sydney Tower with his two
children, he will pay
.
A.
$
60 B.
$
90 C.
$
120 D.
$
150
( ) 3.Last Saturday, Johnson went to visit Sydney
Tower. He had to get down the tower
.
A.after 11:30 B.before 11:30pm
C.at 10:30 pm D.by 10:30 pm
( ) 4.The passage above is probably
.
A.a piece of news B.a conversation
C.a story D.an advertisement
A
C
B
D
Homework:
1
.
课后巩固数词的用法
.
2.
作文
:
20
10
年
4
月
14
日
,
玉树发生
7.1
级地震,造成巨大生命和财产损失,
毁坏
200
多所学校
,3000
多所房子
,
数千人无家可归
……
他们需要帮助,请以“
Everyone needs help
.”为题写一篇不少于
80
个词的英语短文,
记叙相互帮助的故事
,
并简单地谈谈你的感受。
提示
:1
Did you get any help from others? Did you help others when they needed help?
2. Tell your story.
3. How do you feel when you help others or
others help you?
3.
预习
形容
词
和副词
例文
:
Everyone needs help
I helped others
who
needed help. And I also got much help from others.
Now I'll tell a story.
Once
I went hiking in a mountain with my friends. The sights were so beautiful that we forgot the time. It was
getting dark
. We
began to walk down.
We walked for about an hour, but we couldn't get to the mountain foot. We realized that we were lost. We began to get scared. Luckily we met a woman who lived in the mountain village. She
let us to
the mountain foot. We said thanks to her, but she said we must also help her if she needed help. What a kind woman!
Everyone needs help. If we help
each other
, the world will
be full of
love.
◆
真诚欢迎专家指导
Room168
可以写成:
Room No.168
或者
the No.168 Room
吗?
(
2
分
)
可以
Lesson______ (
九
) is the most difficult lesson in Book 3 .(
3
分
)
nine
回答本题目要求:
如果老师展示的是
基数词
, 同学们
站起来
如果老师展示的是
序数词
, 同学们
举起手来.
如果老师展示的是
错误书写
,同学们
站起来并举起手来.
得分:有动作做错的组员一个
扣一分
.
The old man began to learn to drive a car at the age of ________(
5
分
)
A. sixty B. the sixieth
C. sixty years old D. sixties
解释:
at the age of
后面跟具体的数字,为固定用法.
A
“2,146”
用英语怎么读?
(
3
分
)
two thousand ,one hundred and forty-six
请问“
Zero
”
有没有序数词
?(
4
分
)
没有
返回
Sydney Tower
(宁波中考)
Addess:100 Market St, Sydney
Phone
:
0293339222 Fax
:
02 9333 9203
Open time:9:00 am to 10:30 pm (Saturday to 11:30 pm)
Ticket:
$
60
(
for an adult
) $
30 (for a child)
Website: www. Sydneytower. com.au
How to get there: train to Town hall Station and
a short walk along Market Street
How to book a ticket: by phone/fax or through the web
Attracions:Sydney’s best views are just the beginning! Sydney Tower takes you to the highest point above Sydney for exciting 3600 view of our beautiful city
.
(
)1. If you want to book(
预定
) a ticket to Sydney
Tower, you can’t
A. email
sydneytower@hotmail.com
.
B. fax 029333 9203
C.search
www.sydneytower.com.au
D.dial 029333 9222
( ) 2.Frank wants to go to Sydney Tower with his two
children, he will pay
.
A.
$
60 B.
$
90 C.
$
120 D.
$
150
( ) 3.Last Saturday, Johnson went to visit Sydney
Tower. He had to get down the tower
.
A.after 11:30 B.before 11:30pm
C.at 10:30 pm D.by 10:30 pm
( ) 4.The passage above is probably
.
A.a piece of news B.a conversation
C.a story D.an advertisement
A
C
B
D
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