小学五年级英语下册知识点归纳总结 4页

英语下册知识点总结 一、重点短语 ‎1. look at 看一看 2. over there 在那边 3. in English 用英语 ‎4. excuse me 打扰了 5. in the pond 在池塘里 6. play with 和… 一起玩 ‎7. of course 当然 8. swim well 游泳好 9. pet shop 宠物店 ‎10. a lot of 很多 11. jump through a ring 越过圆环 12. ride a horse 骑马 ‎13. ride a bike 骑自行车 14. climb up a ladder 爬梯子 15. come here 过来 ‎16. come along 过来 17. come with me 跟我来 18. show… around 带…参观 ‎19. this way 这边走 20. borrow … from 从…借 21. borrow books 借书 ‎22. read stories 读故事 23. make things 制作东西 24. speak English 说英语 ‎25. draw pictures 画画 26. have art classes 上美术课 27. dance room 舞蹈教室 ‎28. how often 多久一次 29. science lab 科学实验室 30. language lab 语音室 ‎31. how many 多少 32. other activities 其他活动 33. do experiments 做实验 ‎34. do listening 练听力 35. observe things 观察事物 36. do speaking 练口语 ‎37. New Year’s Day 元旦 38. meeting hall 会议大厅 39. Children’s Day 儿童节 ‎40. be good at 擅长 41. be interested in 对…感兴趣 42. music club 音乐俱乐部 ‎43. no one 没有人 44. play the violin 拉小提琴 45. art club 美术俱乐部 ‎46. come into 进入 47. listen to music 听音乐 48. cut out 剪下 ‎49. come from 来自 50. up and down 上上下下 51. in groups 成组 ‎52. science corner 科学角 53. group work 小组活动 54. do project work 做项目制作 ‎55. art corner 美术角 56. computer corner 电脑角 57. play football 踢足球 ‎ ‎58. be famous for 因…闻名 59. study plants and animals 研究动植物 60. do exercises 做运动 ‎61. on the field 在操场上 62. do printing on the paper 在纸上印刷 63. how about …怎么样？‎ ‎64.go on field trips 田野考察 65. play volleyball 打排球 66. play basketball 打篮球 ‎67. play hockey 打曲棍球 68. play rugby 打橄榄球 69. in the forest 在森林里 ‎70. have a look at 看一看 71. here you are 给你 72. how much 多少（钱）‎ ‎73. a pair of 一双；一对 74. try on 试穿 75. shoe shop 鞋店 ‎76. clothes shop 服装店 77. make a shopping list 做购物单 78. sports shop 体育用品商店 ‎79. cake shop 蛋糕店 80. pay for 付钱 81. feel well 感觉好 ‎82. see a doctor 看医生 83. take good care of 好好照顾 84. have a bad cold 得了重感冒 ‎85. have a fever 发烧 86. have a stomachache 胃疼 87. have a headache 头疼 ‎88. have a toothache 牙疼 89. have a cough 咳嗽 90. go to a concert 听音乐会 ‎91. do maths problems 做数学题 92. go to the music club 去音乐俱乐部 93. have to 不得不 ‎94. stay in bed 待在床上 95. get well 康复 96. be worried about 担心 ‎97. don’t worry 别担心 98. help … with 帮助…做某事 99. in the hospital 在医院里 二、重点短语讲解 ‎1. play with 和…一起玩 play with sb.(某人) 和…一起玩 play with sth.(某物) 玩某物 e.g. Lucy and Lily are playing with their mother. Lucy and Lily are playing with their doll.‎ ‎2. a lot of 很多 a lot of = lots of + 可数名词复数或不可数名词 e.g. 同义句转换 There are a lot of apples on the table. = There are ______ ______ apples on the table. (答案：lots of)‎ ‎3. how often 多久一次 how often 是一个特殊疑问词，就频率提问。英语表示频率的词：一次：once两次：twice 特殊 其他次数：基数词+times 构成 例如：8次 eight times e.g. --How often do you go to the library?‎ ‎--I go to the library once a week. (注：如就划线部分提问，应用特殊疑问词how often)‎ ‎4. how many 多少 4‎ how many/much 就数量提问 how many + 可数名词；how much + 不可数名词 e.g.-- How many boys are there in your class? -- There are 40 boys in my class.‎ ‎-- How much water is there in the bottle? - There is a little water in the bottle.‎ ‎5. be good at 擅长 at 后 可加名词 如加动词，动词应用动名词形式 既 v + ing e.g. I am good at English.‎ ‎6. be interested in 对…感兴趣in 后 可加名词 如加动词，动词应用动名词形式 既 v + ing e.g. I am interested in English.‎ ‎7. play the violin 拉小提琴 乐器前加定冠词 the ‎8. listen to music 听音乐 听…，用listen to ‎ ‎（1）. 听音乐前，不加定冠词the （2）. 听收音机前，要加定冠词the : listen to the radio ‎9. come from 来自，come from = be from， I come from China. = I am from China.‎ 易错点：Where are you come from? (错误) Where do you come from? (正确)‎ ‎10. play football 踢足球 球类名词前不加冠词 ‎11． be famous for 因…闻名 ‎ ‎12. have a look at 看一看 have a look at = look at ‎13. how much 多少（钱）how much 用来询问价格 ‎14. a pair of 一双；一对 a pair of glasses; a pair of trousers; a pair of gloves ‎ ‎15. try on 试穿 试穿鞋子 try on the shoes = try the shoes on 试穿它 此处它是代词，只能放在 try on 之间 try it on ‎14. see a doctor 看医生 常用表示“看”的单词有： watch; see; look; read watch: 用于看电视，比赛等； watch TV watch football match see: 看见 强调结果，看到什么；看医生、看电影时用see ; see a film; see a doctor ‎15. take good care of 好好照顾 take (good) care of = look after ‎16. have a fever 发烧 have a + 表示症状的单词 have a fever; have a toothache; have a headache have + 病名 have measles (麻疹) have mumps (腮腺炎)‎ ‎17. have to 不得不， Her mother is ill, she has to look after her mother, so she can’t come to the party.‎ 重点：含有have to 的句子变否定 用don’t 或 doesn’t e.g. She has to finish her homework..‎ She doesn’t have to finish her homework. (正确) She has not to finish her homework.(错误)‎ ‎18. be worried about 担心 She is worried about her exam.‎ ‎19. help … with 帮助…做某事 help …with = help sb. (to) do sth.‎ Peter helps her mother with the housework. = Peter helps her mother (to) do the housework.‎ 三、重点单词用法 ‎1. call v. 称作 What do you call it in English?‎ ‎2. like v. 喜欢 ‎ sth. I like English very much.‎ like to do sth. I like reading very much, but I don’t like to read now.‎ doing sth.‎ ‎3. let’s + 动词原形 Let’s (=let us) make animals. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 ‎4. want v. 想，想要 want sth. I want a piece of paper.‎ to do sth. I want to watch TV.‎ ‎5. 情态动词 情态动词很简单，没有人称数之变，动词原形后边站，can表能力 may许可 should应该 would愿 must必须 4‎ ‎ ，否定needn’t换 have to不得不表客观 四、重点语法 ‎ A) 一般现在时 ‎1. 概念：一般现在时表示经常的、习惯性的动作或存在的状态。 ‎ ‎2. 构成：一般现在时的构成主要有两种形式： ‎ ‎（1）be型：句子的谓语动词只有be（am，is或are）： ‎ a．肯定句中，只出现be，如： ‎ I am a student．我是一名学生。 ‎ b．否定句中，要在be后面加not，如： ‎ She isn't a teacher．她不是教师。 ‎ c．一般疑问句，要将be放在句子开头（注意句首字母大写），句尾用问号，答语用Yes，主语+be．或No，主语 + be + not．如： ‎ ‎—Are you ready？—你准备好了吗？ ‎ ‎—Yes，I am．—是的，我准备好了。 ‎ ‎（—No，I'm not．—不，我没准备好。） ‎ ‎（2）实义动词型：句中的谓语动词为实义动词（也叫行为动词）： ‎ a．肯定句中，只出现实义动词，如： ‎ I get up in the morning．我早晨起床。 ‎ b．否定句中，要在实义动词前面加do（does）＋not，do（does）作助动词，本身无意义，常与not缩写成don't（doesn't），如： ‎ I don't like vegetables．我不喜欢蔬菜。 ‎ c．一般疑问句，要在句子开头加助动词Do（does），句尾用问号，简略答语用Yes，主语+do（does）．或No，主语+do（does）＋not．如： ‎ ‎—Do you like oranges？—你喜欢桔子吗？ ‎ ‎—Yes，I do．—是的，我喜欢。 ‎ ‎（—No，I don't．—不，我不喜欢。） ‎ ‎3. 一般现在时的用法 ‎ ‎1) 经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频腮度的时间状语连用。 ‎ 时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday ‎ I leave home for school at 7 every morning. ‎ ‎2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 ‎ The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. ‎ ‎3) 表示格言或警句中。 ‎ Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 ‎ 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 ‎ 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. ‎ ‎4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 ‎ I don't want so much. Ann Wang writes good English but does not speak well. ‎ 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. ‎ B) 一般将来时 一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。‎ 句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本结构：① be going to + do； ②will+ do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或will后加not成won’t。‎ 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。‎ 例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 ‎ 4‎ ‎1. 问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon. ‎ ‎2. 问干什么。What … do. ‎ 例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. ‎ ‎3. 问什么时候。When. 例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 七、be going to和will 的区别    ‎ be going to和will 的用法虽然都表示将来发生动作或情况，但它们的用法是有区别的。‎ ‎1. be going to主要用于： (1)、表示事先经过考虑、安排好打算要做的事情。 What are you going to do today? 今天你们打算做什么？ Dad and I are going to see a Beijing opera this afternoon. 今天下午我和爸爸打算去看京剧。 I’m going to play the violin. 我打算拉小提琴。 She’s going to play the piano. 她打算弹钢琴。 ‎ ‎(2)、表示根据目前某种迹象判断，某事非常有可能发生。‎ e.g. Look! There come the dark clouds. It is going to rain. 瞧！乌云密集，天要下雨。 I am afraid I am going to have a cold. 恐怕我要患重感冒。‎ ‎2. will主要用于在以下几个方面：‎ ‎(1)、表示单纯的未来“将要”通用各个人称。‎ e.g. They will go to visit the factory tomorrow. 明天他们将去工厂参观。‎ I’ll come with Wang Bing, Liu Tao and Yang Ling. 我将和王兵、刘涛、杨玲一起来。‎ ‎(2)、表示不以人的意志为转移的自然发展的未来的事。‎ e.g. Today is Saturday.   Tomorrow will be Sunday.今天是星期六。明天是（将）是星期日。‎ He will be thirty years old this time next year. 明年这个时候他就（将）三十岁。 (3)、问对方是否愿意做某事或表示客气地邀请或命令.‎ e.g. Will you please turn on the radio?    请打开收音机好吗？‎ C) 现在进行时 构成:主语+be+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式 ‎ 第一人称+ am + v-ing 第二人称+ are + v-ing 第三人称+ is +v-ing ‎ 现在进行时的基本用法： ‎ a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you. ‎ b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel. ‎ ‎(说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. ‎ c. 已经确定或安排好的将来活动 ‎ I'm leaving for a trek in Nepal next week.（已经安排了） we're flying to Paris tomorrow.(票已经拿到了） ‎ d. 有些动词（状态动词不用于进行时态） ‎ ‎(1)表示知道或了解的动词:believe, doubt, forget, imagine, know, remember, realize, suppose, understand ‎ ‎(2)表示“看起来”“看上去"appear, resemble, seem ‎ ‎(3)表示喜爱或不喜爱hate, like, lover, prefer ‎ ‎(4)表示构成或来源的动词 be, come, from, contain, include ‎ ‎(5)表示感官的动词 hear see smell sound taste ‎ ‎(6)表示拥有的动词belong to, need, own, possess, want, wish 4‎